Die-casting die structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pressure casting, in particular to a die-casting die structure which comprises a fixed die assembly, a movable die assembly, an exhaust assembly and a heat preservation assembly, the movable die assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed die assembly, and a casting cavity is formed between the fixed die assembly and the movable die assembly and comprises a cold material channel. The exterior of the cold material channel is connected with the exhaust assembly, the heat preservation assembly is arranged outside a casting cavity, the cavity is vacuumized through the exhaust assembly, the residual amount of gas in the cavity is reduced, gas resistance is effectively eliminated, a thin-wall area can be smoothly filled with molten aluminum, and the occurrence rate of the under-casting defect is greatly reduced; the cold charge channel collects cold charges at the tail end, the cold charges are prevented from being mixed into a casting body, and the cold shut defect occurrence rate is reduced; the whole mold is kept at a certain temperature through the heat preservation oil channel, the solidification time of molten aluminum in the cavity is prolonged, thin-wall ribs, edges and other far-end areas can be completely filled, and the forming quality of castings is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of pressure casting and particularly to a pressure casting die structure. Background Art

[0002] Large castings are widely used in high-end equipment fields such as new energy vehicles, rail transit, aerospace, etc. Such castings are usually produced using a pressure casting process. High-temperature molten aluminum liquid is quickly pressed into the mold cavity under high pressure. After the aluminum liquid solidifies, the mold is opened and the casting is taken out.

[0003] However, conventional pressure casting molds face two major technical challenges when producing large castings: 1. Large castings have large cavities and complex structures, often containing deep cavities, thin-walled ribs, and irregular corners. Air easily remains inside the cavity after the mold is closed, and the release agent evaporates during the die-casting process, generating a large amount of gas. If this gas cannot be discharged in time, it will form an air block inside the cavity. The front end of the high-pressure molten aluminum is blocked by the gas, preventing it from continuing to fill the end of the cavity, especially in thin-walled areas. Furthermore, when the molten aluminum pushes the gas, it is easy to entrain bubbles, ultimately leading to defects such as partial unformed parts and internal voids in the casting.

[0004] 2. The thin-walled areas of large castings, such as ribs and edges, have a large contact area with the mold and dissipate heat quickly. Conventional molds lack targeted temperature control, and the overall mold temperature is too low. The molten aluminum loses its fluidity due to rapid cooling before reaching the end of the cavity, resulting in gaps. The solidification speed of the molten aluminum varies greatly in different areas, which can easily lead to stress concentration inside the casting and even cracking.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a die-casting mold structure that can efficiently exhaust and control temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a die-casting mold structure to solve the problems of the prior art.

[0007] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A die-casting mold structure includes a fixed mold assembly, a movable mold assembly, an exhaust assembly and an insulation assembly, the movable mold assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed mold assembly, a casting cavity is provided between the fixed mold assembly and the movable mold assembly, the casting cavity includes a cold material channel, the outside of the cold material channel is connected to the exhaust assembly, and the insulation assembly is arranged outside the casting cavity.

[0008] The cam is connected to the upper mold base plate and the lower mold base plate, and the cam is connected to the upper mold base plate by the push rod, and the push rod is connected to the push rod by the push rod.

[0009] Further improvement, the fixed mold insert is provided with core block 1 and core block 2, the bottom of the core block 1 is provided with a protrusion 1 that matches the shape of the casting, the bottom of the core block 2 is provided with a protrusion 2 that matches the shape of the casting, the movable mold insert is provided with core block 3 and core block 4, the bottom of the core block 3 is provided with a protrusion 3 that matches the shape of the casting, the bottom of the core block 4 is provided with a protrusion 4 that matches the shape of the casting, the side push plate includes a left push plate, a right push plate, a front push plate and a rear push plate, the right side of the left push plate is provided with a protrusion 5 that matches the shape of the casting, the right side A protrusion six that matches the shape of the casting is provided on the left side of the push plate, a protrusion seven that matches the shape of the casting is provided on the rear side of the front push plate, and a protrusion eight that matches the shape of the casting is provided on the front side of the rear push plate; a diverter cone that connects to the gate sleeve is provided at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate, and the diverter cone diverts the aluminum liquid entering the gate sleeve into the casting cavity, the feed channel includes a main feed channel, a feed diverter port one and a feed diverter port two, the cold material channel includes a rear cold material channel and a front cold material channel; the exhaust assembly includes a rear vacuum valve assembly and a front vacuum valve assembly.

[0010] A further improvement is that the main feed channel and the first feed diversion port are arranged inside the fixed mold insert, the input end of the main feed channel is connected to the diversion cone, the first feed diversion port is located at the output end of the main feed channel, the first feed diversion port is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert, the top of the right push plate, the top of the front push plate and the top of the rear push plate, the second feed diversion port is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the core block, and the second feed diversion port is connected to the first feed diversion port.

[0011] Further improvement, the rear cold material channel includes an upper cold material flow channel 1, a lower cold material flow channel 1, an upper cold material diversion port 1, an upper cold material diversion port 2, a lower cold material diversion port 1 and a lower cold material diversion port 2, the top of the upper cold material flow channel 1 and the top of the lower cold material flow channel 1 are interconnected and externally connected to the rear vacuum valve assembly; the upper cold material diversion port 1 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 1, the upper cold material diversion port 1 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side surface and the left rear side surface of the left end portion of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate, the upper cold material diversion port 2 is provided with Several groups are evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 2, and the upper cold material diversion port 2 is connected to the upper cold material diversion port 1; the lower cold material diversion port 1 is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel 1, and the lower cold material diversion port 1 is provided with several groups and evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the movable mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate, and the lower cold material diversion port 2 is provided with several groups and evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 3 and the left rear side of the left end of the movable mold insert, and the lower cold material diversion port 2 is connected to the lower cold material diversion port 1; The front cold material channel includes upper cold material flow channel 2, lower cold material flow channel 2, upper cold material diversion port 3, upper cold material diversion port 4, lower cold material diversion port 3 and lower cold material diversion port 4. The top of the upper cold material flow channel 2 and the top of the lower cold material flow channel 2 are interconnected and externally connected to the front vacuum valve assembly. The upper cold material diversion port 3 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 2. The upper cold material diversion port 3 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate. The upper cold material diversion port 4 is provided with several groups And they are evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of core block two, the upper cold material diversion port four is connected with the upper cold material diversion port three, the lower cold material diversion port three is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel two, the lower cold material diversion port three is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end portion of the movable mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate, the lower cold material diversion port four is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of core block three and the left front side of the left end portion of the movable mold insert, the lower cold material diversion port four is connected with the lower cold material diversion port three.

[0012] As a further improvement, a left drive assembly is provided on the left side of the left push plate, which drives the left push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the left drive assembly; a right drive assembly is provided on the right side of the right push plate, which drives the right push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the right drive assembly; a front drive assembly is provided on the front side of the front push plate, which drives the front push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the front drive assembly; and a rear drive assembly is provided on the rear side of the rear push plate, which drives the rear push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the rear drive assembly.

[0013] As a further improvement, the movable mold assembly further includes an ejection assembly, which is arranged inside the movable mold base plate and ejects the casting inside the movable mold insert out of the casting cavity through the ejection assembly.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the die-casting mold structure of the present invention has the following advantages: The cavity is vacuumed by the exhaust component to reduce the residual gas inside the cavity, effectively eliminating air blockage. The molten aluminum can be smoothly filled into the thin-walled area, greatly reducing the incidence of undercast defects; the cold material channel collects the cold material at the end to prevent the cold material from mixing into the main body of the casting, reducing the incidence of cold shut defects; the insulation oil channel keeps the entire mold at a certain temperature, extending the solidification time of the molten aluminum in the cavity, so that the remote areas such as thin-walled ribs and edges can be completely filled, improving the molding quality of the casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the present invention Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the internal oil circuit and water circuit of the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the local structure of the present invention Figure 5 for Figure 4 Structural diagram of the exploded view Figure 6 for Figure 4 Structural diagram of the exploded view from another perspective Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed mold assembly in the present invention. Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed mold assembly with core blocks 1 and 2 removed in the present invention Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the movable mold assembly in the present invention Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable mold assembly without core blocks 3 and 4 in the present invention. Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the casting blank structure with material package Figure 12 for Figure 11 Structural diagram from another perspective Figure 13 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the casting product structure after cutting the material package In the figure, 1-fixed mold assembly, 11-fixed mold base plate, 12-fixed mold insert, 121-core block one, 1211-protrusion one, 122-core block two, 1221-protrusion two, 13-gate bushing, 14-upper cavity, 15-diverter cone, 2-movable mold assembly, 21-movable mold base plate, 22-movable mold insert, 221-core block three, 2211-protrusion three, 222-core block four, 2221-protrusion four, 23-side push plate, 231-left push plate, 2311-protrusion five, 2312-left drive assembly, 232-right push plate, 2321-protrusion six, 2322-right drive assembly, 233-front push plate, 2331-protrusion seven, 2332-front drive assembly, 234-rear push plate, 2341-protrusion eight, 2342-rear drive assembly, 24-lower cavity, 25-ejector assembly, 3-exhaust group Parts, 31-rear vacuum valve assembly, 32-front vacuum valve assembly, 4-insulation oil channel, 5-casting cavity, 51-cold material channel, 511-rear cold material channel, 5111-upper cold material flow channel 1, 5112-lower cold material flow channel 1, 5113-upper cold material diversion port 1, 5114-upper cold material diversion port 2, 5115-lower cold material diversion port 1, 5116-lower cold material diversion port 2, 512-front cold material channel , 5121-upper cold material runner two, 5122-lower cold material runner two, 5123-upper cold material diversion port three, 5124-upper cold material diversion port four, 5125-lower cold material diversion port three, 5126-lower cold material diversion port four, 52-feed channel, 521-feed main channel, 522-feed diversion port one, 523-feed diversion port two, 6-cooling water channel, 7-casting blank, 71-finished casting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0017] Below with reference to the embodiment and the attached Figures 1 to 13 , further elaborating on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1 A die-casting mold structure, comprising: a fixed mold assembly 1, a movable mold assembly 2, an exhaust assembly 3 and a heat preservation assembly, wherein the fixed mold assembly 1 comprises a fixed mold base plate 11, a fixed mold insert 12 and a sprue sleeve 13, wherein the fixed mold insert 12 is arranged at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate 11, and the sprue sleeve 13 is arranged on the fixed mold base plate 11 and connected to the upper cavity 14 of the fixed mold insert 12, and the movable mold assembly 2 comprises a movable mold base plate 21, a movable mold insert 22 and a side push plate 23, wherein the movable mold insert 22 is arranged at the upper end of the movable mold base plate 21 and at the lower end of the fixed mold insert 12, and the side push plate 23 is slidably arranged on the movable mold insert 2 2. A lower cavity 24 is enclosed by four sets of side push plates 23 and the movable mold insert 22. The upper cavity 14 and the lower cavity 24 constitute a casting cavity 5. The casting cavity 5 includes a cold material channel 51 and a feed channel 52. The exhaust assembly 3 is disposed on the fixed mold base plate 11 and connected to the upper end of the cold material channel 51. The feed channel 52 is connected to the sprue bushing 13. The insulation assembly includes an insulation oil channel 4. The insulation oil channel 4 is disposed inside the fixed mold insert 12, the movable mold insert 22, and the side push plates 23. Cooling water channels 6 are also disposed inside the fixed mold insert 12, the movable mold insert 22, and the side push plates 23.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the operating principle of the present invention is: The fixed die assembly 1 serves as the fixed end of the die and is mounted on the fixed platen of the die-casting machine. The fixed die base plate 11 secures the fixed die insert 12. The upper cavity 14 at the lower end of the fixed die insert 12 directly contacts the molten aluminum, forming the upper surface of the casting. The sprue bushing 13 serves as the molten aluminum inlet, directing the hot molten aluminum from the die-casting machine's injection chamber into the cavity. The movable die assembly 2 serves as the movable end of the die and is mounted on the movable platen of the die-casting machine. The movable die insert 22 corresponds to the fixed die insert 12 and forms the lower half of the cavity. The side thrust plates 23 assist in forming the side structures of large castings, sliding to facilitate side forming and demolding. The casting machine drives the movable die assembly 2 upward, aligning the fixed die insert 12 with the movable die insert 22. Simultaneously, the side thrust plates 23 move closer to the movable die insert 22. The upper cavity 14 (fixed die) and the lower cavity 24 (moving die and side thrust plates enclosed) form the complete casting cavity 5.

[0020] The exhaust assembly 3 is connected to the cold material channel 51 and is activated after the mold is closed and before injection (or at the initial stage of injection). The residual air and volatile gases of the release agent in the casting cavity 5 and the cold material channel 51 are extracted through the vacuum effect, thereby reducing the back pressure in the cavity, eliminating the gas obstruction at the front end of the molten aluminum, and avoiding turbulence and air entrainment. At the same time, the cold material channel 51, as an extension of the cavity, can collect the low-temperature cold material at the end of the molten aluminum filling. The molten aluminum will gradually cool down during the flow process, and the cold material at the end has poor fluidity. If it enters the main body of the casting, it will cause defects.

[0021] The insulation oil channel 4 of the insulation component is distributed inside the fixed mold insert 12, the movable mold insert 22, and the side push plate 23. Constant temperature oil is introduced into the mold through an external mold temperature controller to preheat the mold to the target temperature and maintain uniformity, reduce the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mold, and delay the solidification speed of the aluminum liquid so that the aluminum liquid can be filled to the farthest end of the cavity, such as thin-walled ribs; and the cooling water channel 6 is started after the aluminum liquid completely fills the cavity, and cooling water is introduced to accelerate the solidification of the aluminum liquid to avoid deformation of the casting during demolding, thereby achieving precise temperature control of insulation during filling and cooling after molding.

[0022] The cavity is evacuated by the exhaust component to reduce the residual gas inside the cavity, effectively eliminating air blockage, allowing the molten aluminum to smoothly fill the thin-walled area, significantly reducing the incidence of undercast defects; the cold material channel collects the cold material at the end to prevent it from mixing into the main body of the casting, reducing the incidence of cold shut defects; the insulation oil channel keeps the mold at a certain temperature as a whole, extending the solidification time of the molten aluminum in the cavity, so that the remote areas such as thin-walled ribs and edges can be completely filled; the split structure of the fixed mold insert and the movable mold insert, combined with the side push plate to enclose the cavity, can adapt to the deep cavity and side structure of large castings, avoiding the problems of difficult and high cost in overall mold processing.

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment, the fixed mold insert 12 is provided with a core block 121 and a core block 2 122, the bottom of the core block 121 is provided with a protrusion 1211 that matches the shape of the casting, and the bottom of the core block 2 122 is provided with a protrusion 2 1221 that matches the shape of the casting, the movable mold insert 22 is provided with a core block 3 221 and a core block 4 222, the bottom of the core block 3 221 is provided with a protrusion 3 2211 that matches the shape of the casting, and the bottom of the core block 4 222 is provided with a protrusion 4 2221 that matches the shape of the casting, the side push plate 23 includes a left push plate 231, a right push plate 232, a front push plate 233 and a rear push plate 234, and the right side of the left push plate 231 is provided with a protrusion 5 221 that matches the shape of the casting. 311, the left side of the right push plate 232 is provided with a protrusion six 2321 that matches the shape of the casting, the rear side of the front push plate 233 is provided with a protrusion seven 2331 that matches the shape of the casting, and the front side of the rear push plate 234 is provided with a protrusion eight 2341 that matches the shape of the casting; the lower end of the fixed mold base plate 11 is provided with a diverter cone 15 connected to the gate sleeve 13, and the diverter cone 15 diverts the aluminum liquid introduced into the gate sleeve 13 to the casting cavity 5, the feed channel 52 includes a feed main channel 521, a feed diverter port 1 522 and a feed diverter port 2 523, the cold material channel 51 includes a rear cold material channel 511 and a front cold material channel 512; the exhaust assembly 3 includes a rear vacuum valve assembly 31 and a front vacuum valve assembly 32.

[0024] The core blocks 121 and 122 in the fixed mold insert 12, and the core blocks 221 and 222 in the movable mold insert 22, have protrusions 1211 to 2221 at their bottom or top, which are based on the special-shaped structure inside the casting, including ribs and boss structures. When the mold is closed, these protrusions extend into the casting cavity 5 and together with the cavity wall constitute the complex internal shape of the casting, realizing the combined molding of the cavity body + core block protrusions, and adapting to more complex internal structures.

[0025] The side push plates 23 are divided into a left push plate 231, a right push plate 232, a front push plate 233, and a rear push plate 234 (four independent side pushers). The inner side of each push plate group (right or left or rear or front side) is provided with protrusions 5 2311 to 8 2341 - these protrusions correspond to the side special-shaped structures of the casting, including side bosses and side grooves. When the mold is closed, the four push plates move closer to the movable mold insert 22, and the protrusions are embedded in the mold cavity to form the side details of the casting; when the mold is opened, the four push plates are opened independently to prevent the protrusions on the side of the casting from getting stuck in the mold.

[0026] The diverter cone 15 is disposed at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate 11 and is directly connected to the sprue bushing 13. When high-temperature molten aluminum is injected from the sprue bushing 13, the conical structure of the diverter cone 15 disperses the molten aluminum into the main feed channel 521 of the feed channel 52, preventing the molten aluminum from impacting the fixed mold insert 12 at a single point, causing local overheating or scouring the mold cavity. At the same time, the molten aluminum is evenly distributed to subsequent diverter ports, reducing flow path differences.

[0027] The cold slug channel 51 is divided into a rear cold slug channel 511 (corresponding to the left rear region of the cavity) and a front cold slug channel 512 (corresponding to the left front region of the cavity). These channels are connected to the rear vacuum valve assembly 31 and the front vacuum valve assembly 32, respectively. During vacuuming, the two sets of vacuum valves operate simultaneously to remove gas from the left rear and left front regions of the cavity. Furthermore, the zoned cold slug channels collect the cold slug from the left rear and left front regions separately, preventing mixing and the resulting difficulty in cleaning.

[0028] The core block's protrusions 1211 through 2221 and the side push plate's protrusions 5311 through 8341 precisely mold complex structures, such as internal ribs and side bosses, meeting the precision casting requirements of high-end equipment. The diverter cone 15 differentially controls the flow rate of the molten aluminum within the main feed channel 521, preventing localized excessive flow that causes air entrainment or excessive flow that causes solidification. The regionalized cold material channel, combined with the dual vacuum valve assembly, further reduces residual gas in the left rear and left front regions of the cavity, reducing the incidence of undercast defects.

[0029] As a further preferred embodiment, the main feed channel 521 and the feed diversion port 1 522 are arranged inside the fixed mold insert 12, the input end of the main feed channel 521 is connected to the diversion cone 15, and the feed diversion port 1 522 is located at the output end of the main feed channel 521, and the feed diversion port 1 522 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert 12, the top of the right push plate 232, the top of the front push plate 233 and the top of the rear push plate 234, and the feed diversion port 2 523 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the core block 121, and the feed diversion port 2 523 is connected to the feed diversion port 1 522.

[0030] The main feed channel 521 is the main channel for the aluminum liquid. Its input end is connected to the diverter cone 15 to receive the diverted aluminum liquid. To prevent the aluminum liquid from flowing only along the main channel and failing to cover the complex area around the pellet 1 121, a hierarchical distribution structure of the main channel, diverter port, and diverter port 2 is implemented: The feed diversion port 1 522 is distributed on the front side, rear side, and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert 12, as well as the top of the right push plate 232 and the top of the rear push plate 234. These positions correspond to the peripheral area of ​​the casting, including the right edge, front and rear outer walls of the casting. The molten aluminum directly fills the peripheral cavity through the diversion port 1 to avoid insufficient filling of the peripheral area due to its distance from the main channel.

[0031] Feed diversion port 2 523 is distributed on the front side, rear side, and right side of the right end of core block 121. The area around core block 121 is a complex internal area of ​​the casting, including the gap between the core block and the cavity wall, and the ribs on the outside of the core block. Diversion port 2 is connected to diversion port 1, allowing the aluminum liquid to diffuse from the periphery to the inside and fill the narrow space around the core block.

[0032] Feed diversion port 2 523 directly feeds around core block 121, eliminating the problem of core block obstruction that prevents molten aluminum from reaching internal gaps and improving the filling success rate. The hierarchical diversion structure shortens the longest path of the molten aluminum flow, thereby shortening the filling time. This prevents excessive cooling of the molten aluminum during long flow paths, further reducing cold shut defects. The evenly distributed diversion ports control the pressure differences between molten aluminum areas in the mold cavity, minimizing differences in internal microstructure density within the casting.

[0033] As a further preferred embodiment, the rear cold material channel 511 includes an upper cold material flow channel 1 5111, a lower cold material flow channel 1 5112, an upper cold material diversion port 1 5113, an upper cold material diversion port 2 5114, a lower cold material diversion port 1 5115 and a lower cold material diversion port 2 5116. The top of the upper cold material flow channel 1 5111 and the top of the lower cold material flow channel 1 5112 are interconnected and externally connected to the rear vacuum valve assembly 31; the upper cold material diversion port 1 5113 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 1 5111, and the upper cold material diversion port 1 5113 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the fixed mold insert 12 and the top of the left push plate 231. The second outlet 5114 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 2 122. The upper cold material diversion outlet 2 5114 is connected to the upper cold material diversion outlet 1 5113; the lower cold material diversion outlet 1 5115 is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel 1 5112. The lower cold material diversion outlet 1 5115 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the movable mold insert 22 and the bottom of the left push plate 231. The lower cold material diversion outlet 2 5116 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 3 221 and the left rear side of the left end of the movable mold insert 22. The lower cold material diversion outlet 2 5116 is connected to the lower cold material diversion outlet 1 5115; The front cold material channel 512 includes an upper cold material flow channel 2 5121, a lower cold material flow channel 2 5122, an upper cold material diversion port 3 5123, an upper cold material diversion port 4 5124, a lower cold material diversion port 3 5125 and a lower cold material diversion port 4 5126. The top of the upper cold material flow channel 2 5121 and the top of the lower cold material flow channel 2 5122 are interconnected and externally connected to the front vacuum valve assembly 32. The upper cold material diversion port 3 5123 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 2 5121. The upper cold material diversion port 3 5123 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and the left front side of the left end of the fixed mold insert 12 and the top of the left push plate 231. The upper cold material diversion port 4 5124 There are several groups of them evenly distributed on the front side and the left front side of the core block two 122. The upper cold material diversion port four 5124 is connected to the upper cold material diversion port three 5123. The lower cold material diversion port three 5125 is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel two 5122. The lower cold material diversion port three 5125 is provided with several groups and evenly distributed on the front side and the left front side of the left end of the movable mold insert 22 and the bottom of the left push plate 231. The lower cold material diversion port four 5126 is provided with several groups and evenly distributed on the front side and the left front side of the core block three 221 and the left front side of the left end of the movable mold insert 22. The lower cold material diversion port four 5126 is connected to the lower cold material diversion port three 5125.

[0034] Upper cold material flow channel (1 5111, 2 5121): located inside the fixed mold insert 12, corresponding to the "upper half" of the casting cavity 5, and its diversion ports (upper cold material diversion ports 1 5113, 3 5123) are distributed at the left end of the fixed mold insert 12 and the top of the left push plate 231 - collecting the end cold material of the upper half of the cavity and discharging the gas in the upper half.

[0035] Lower cold material flow channel (1 5112, 2 5122): located inside the movable mold insert 22, corresponding to the "lower half" of the casting cavity 5, its diversion ports (lower cold material diversion ports 1 5115, 3 5125) are distributed at the left end of the movable mold insert 22 and the bottom of the left push plate 231 - collecting the end cold material of the lower half of the cavity and discharging the gas in the lower half.

[0036] The upper cold material runner 1 5111 of the rear cold material channel is connected to the top of the lower cold material runner 1 5112, and the upper cold material runner 2 5121 of the front cold material channel is connected to the top of the lower cold material runner 2 5122, and then the vacuum valves are connected respectively, so that when vacuuming, the upper and lower runners are connected, and the gas in the upper and lower areas of the cavity is discharged at the same time to avoid the difference in gas residue in the upper and lower areas.

[0037] The upper cold material diversion port 2 5114 (around the core block 2 222) and the lower cold material diversion port 2 5116 (around the core block 3 221) are connected to the upper cold material diversion port 1 5113 and the lower cold material diversion port 1 5115 respectively - the gas around the core block can enter the cold material flow channel through these "core block diversion ports" and then be extracted by the vacuum valve; at the same time, the end cold material around the core block can also enter the cold material channel through these diversion ports, avoiding the cold material adhering to the surface of the core block and making it difficult to demold the core block.

[0038] The diversion ports (1 5113, 2 5114, 1 5115, 2 5116) of the rear cold material channel are all distributed on the "rear side surface of the left end and the left rear side surface", and the diversion ports (3 5123, 4 5124, 3 5125, 4 5126) of the front cold material channel are all distributed on the "front side surface of the left end and the left front side surface", so that the rear vacuum valve assembly 31 only exhausts the left rear area, and the front vacuum valve assembly 32 only exhausts the left front area, so as to avoid gas movement between areas.

[0039] The upper and lower layered cold material flow channels and the diversion ports adapted to the core blocks reduce the amount of residual gas in the upper and lower parts of the cavity and around the core blocks, thereby reducing the incidence of porosity defects in large castings.

[0040] As a further preferred embodiment, a left driving assembly 2312 is provided on the left side of the left push plate 231, which drives the left push plate 231 to open the lower mold cavity 24 outward through the left driving assembly 2312; a right driving assembly 2322 is provided on the right side of the right push plate 232, which drives the right push plate 232 to open the lower mold cavity 24 outward through the right driving assembly 2322; a front driving assembly 2332 is provided on the front side of the front push plate 233, which drives the front push plate 233 to open the lower mold cavity 24 outward through the front driving assembly 2332; a rear driving assembly 2342 is provided on the rear side of the rear push plate 234, which drives the rear push plate 234 to open the lower mold cavity 24 outward through the rear driving assembly 2342.

[0041] When the mold is closed, the driving assembly pushes the push plate toward the movable mold insert 22 until the inner side of the push plate fits into the movable mold insert 22 to enclose and form the side contour of the lower cavity 24.

[0042] When the mold is opened, after the aluminum liquid is completely solidified, the die-casting machine first drives the movable mold assembly 2 to move downward as a whole and separate from the fixed mold assembly 1. Then the four groups of drive assemblies synchronously pull the push plate to slide outward, so that the protrusions 5 2311 to 8 2341 on the inside of the push plate are separated from the side structure of the casting, avoiding the push plate and the protrusions on the side of the casting from getting stuck.

[0043] As a further preferred embodiment, the movable mold assembly 2 further includes an ejector assembly 25, which is arranged inside the movable mold base plate 21, and the casting inside the movable mold insert 22 is ejected from the casting cavity 5 through the ejector assembly 25.

[0044] The ejector assembly 25 is a plurality of ejector rods distributed below the movable mold insert 22. The ejector rods are hydraulically driven to push the casting upward. The ejector rods pass through the reserved holes of the movable mold insert 22 and directly act on the lower surface of the casting to lift the casting upward, so that the casting is separated from the upper surface of the movable mold insert 22 and the surfaces of the core block 3 221 and the core block 4 222, thereby achieving complete separation of the casting from the movable mold assembly 2.

[0045] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be derived by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation based on the concepts of the present invention and the prior art should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A die-casting mold structure, characterized in that: include: A fixed mold assembly, a movable mold assembly, an exhaust assembly and an insulation assembly, wherein the movable mold assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed mold assembly, a casting cavity is provided between the fixed mold assembly and the movable mold assembly, the casting cavity includes a cold material channel, the cold material channel is externally connected to the exhaust assembly, and the insulation assembly is arranged outside the casting cavity.

2. A die-casting mold structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed mold assembly includes a fixed mold base plate, a fixed mold insert and a gate sleeve, the fixed mold insert is arranged at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate, the gate sleeve is arranged on the fixed mold base plate and connected to the upper mold cavity of the fixed mold insert, the movable mold assembly includes a movable mold base plate, a movable mold insert and a side push plate, the movable mold insert is arranged at the upper end of the movable mold base plate and at the lower end of the fixed mold insert, the side push plates are slidably arranged around the movable mold insert and four groups of side push plates and the movable mold insert are surrounded by a lower mold cavity, the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity constitute a casting cavity, the casting cavity also includes a feed channel, the exhaust assembly is arranged on the fixed mold base plate and connected to the upper end of the cold material channel, the feed channel is connected to the gate sleeve, the insulation assembly includes an insulation oil channel, the insulation oil channel is arranged inside the fixed mold insert, the movable mold insert and the side push plates, and a cooling water channel is also provided inside the fixed mold insert, the movable mold insert and the side push plates.

3. A die-casting mold structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed mold insert is provided with core block 1 and core block 2, the bottom of the core block 1 is provided with a protrusion 1 that matches the shape of the casting, the bottom of the core block 2 is provided with a protrusion 2 that matches the shape of the casting, the movable mold insert is provided with core block 3 and core block 4, the bottom of the core block 3 is provided with a protrusion 3 that matches the shape of the casting, the bottom of the core block 4 is provided with a protrusion 4 that matches the shape of the casting, the side push plate includes a left push plate, a right push plate, a front push plate and a rear push plate, the right side of the left push plate is provided with a protrusion 5 that matches the shape of the casting, the left side of the right push plate is provided with a protrusion 6 that matches the shape of the casting, and the left side of the right push plate is provided with a protrusion 7 that matches the shape of the casting. The front side of the front push plate is provided with a protrusion six that matches the shape of the casting, the rear side of the front push plate is provided with a protrusion seven that matches the shape of the casting, and the front side of the rear push plate is provided with a protrusion eight that matches the shape of the casting; the lower end of the fixed mold base plate is provided with a diverter cone connected to the gate sleeve, and the diverter cone diverts the aluminum liquid entering the gate sleeve into the casting cavity, the feed channel includes a main feed channel, a feed diverter port one and a feed diverter port two, the cold material channel includes a rear cold material channel and a front cold material channel; the exhaust assembly includes a rear vacuum valve assembly and a front vacuum valve assembly.

4. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main feed channel and the first feed diversion port are arranged inside the fixed mold insert, the input end of the main feed channel is connected to the diversion cone, and the first feed diversion port is located at the output end of the main feed channel. The first feed diversion port is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert, the top of the right push plate, the top of the front push plate and the top of the rear push plate. The second feed diversion port is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the core block. The second feed diversion port is connected to the first feed diversion port.

5. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear cold material channel includes an upper cold material flow channel 1, a lower cold material flow channel 1, an upper cold material diversion port 1, an upper cold material diversion port 2, a lower cold material diversion port 1 and a lower cold material diversion port 2. The top of the upper cold material flow channel 1 and the top of the lower cold material flow channel 1 are interconnected and externally connected to the rear vacuum valve assembly; the upper cold material diversion port 1 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 1, the upper cold material diversion port 1 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side surface and the left rear side surface of the left end portion of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate, and the upper cold material diversion port 2 is provided with several groups and are evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 2, the upper cold material diversion port 2 is connected to the upper cold material diversion port 1; the lower cold material diversion port 1 is located at the output end of the lower cold material runner 1, the lower cold material diversion port 1 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the movable mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate, the lower cold material diversion port 2 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 3 and the left rear side of the left end of the movable mold insert, the lower cold material diversion port 2 is connected to the lower cold material diversion port 1; The front cold material channel includes upper cold material flow channel 2, lower cold material flow channel 2, upper cold material diversion port 3, upper cold material diversion port 4, lower cold material diversion port 3 and lower cold material diversion port 4. The top of the upper cold material flow channel 2 and the top of the lower cold material flow channel 2 are interconnected and externally connected to the front vacuum valve assembly. The upper cold material diversion port 3 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 2. The upper cold material diversion port 3 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate. The upper cold material diversion port 4 is provided with several groups And they are evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of core block two, the upper cold material diversion port four is connected with the upper cold material diversion port three, the lower cold material diversion port three is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel two, the lower cold material diversion port three is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end portion of the movable mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate, the lower cold material diversion port four is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of core block three and the left front side of the left end portion of the movable mold insert, the lower cold material diversion port four is connected with the lower cold material diversion port three.

6. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A left drive assembly is provided on the left side of the left push plate, which drives the left push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the left drive assembly. A right drive assembly is provided on the right side of the right push plate, which drives the right push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the right drive assembly. A front drive assembly is provided on the front side of the front push plate, which drives the front push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the front drive assembly. A rear drive assembly is provided on the rear side of the rear push plate, which drives the rear push plate to open the lower mold cavity outward through the rear drive assembly.

7. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable mold assembly further includes an ejector assembly, which is arranged inside the movable mold base plate and ejects the casting inside the movable mold insert out of the casting cavity through the ejector assembly.

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