A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology and discloses a laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing. The device includes a worktable, a printing platform above the worktable, a control panel fixedly mounted on the top of the worktable, a laser head movably connected to the bottom of the control panel, a feeding hopper fixedly connected to one side of the control panel, the feeding hopper being located on one side above the printing platform, and a push-rotation component on the side of the printing platform. This push-rotation component is used to progressively increase the opening between the blocking plate and the feeding hopper. Through a "dynamic powder supply-reverse compensation" mechanism, it eliminates forming defects caused by uneven powder accumulation in traditional powder spreading processes. By dynamically adjusting the opening gap of the feeding hopper to form a powder accumulation gradient, it achieves precise control of powder output and uniform powder spreading, reducing powder spreading defects caused by uneven accumulation. Simultaneously, it works in conjunction with a dispersion component to suppress powder agglomeration and blockage, improving powder supply stability and process accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing equipment uses the principles of discretization and stacking to form a physical object by layering materials. This process is also known as 3D printing and can be applied to the processing of metallic materials such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, and steel, as well as non-metallic materials such as plastics and ceramics.

[0003] For metallic materials, a powder bed laser sintering method can be used for processing. The process is as follows: the three-dimensional model of the object is imported into the computer, the computer divides the model into several planes, and the metal powder is spread evenly in the forming cylinder of the forming unit through the powder spreading unit. Then, the laser unit is controlled to emit a laser beam to scan the cross-section of the model's plane layer on the powder. The powder is irradiated by the laser beam, melts and solidifies rapidly, and then the forming cylinder is controlled to move down, and the powder spreading unit is controlled to spread powder again. This process is repeated to print each plane layer of the model from bottom to top, thus producing a complete object.

[0004] In the powder spreading process of metal powder additive manufacturing, traditional equipment adopts an upper-mounted feeding bin design. Metal powder falls freely from the storage bin above the printing table to the substrate surface by gravity. Then, the scraper pushes the powder to the set layer thickness by lateral translation. When the powder falls, due to the limited free diffusion range, the amount of powder accumulated near the beginning of the scraper is significantly lower than that at the end. At this time, when the scraper moves along a fixed trajectory, the amount of powder in this area is insufficient, and the automatic redistribution of powder cannot be achieved through the "more to make up for less" mechanism. This leads to a local "powder missing zone" on the substrate surface, resulting in the powder not being evenly covered on the surface of the printing table.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a laser forming apparatus based on metal powder additive manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art: to solve at least one technical problem raised in the background art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing of the present invention includes a worktable, a printing table is arranged above the worktable, a control panel is fixedly installed on the top of the worktable, a laser head is movably connected to the bottom of the control panel, a feeding hopper is fixedly connected to one side of the control panel, the feeding hopper is located on one side above the printing table, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding hopper, a powder scraper is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod, a blocking plate is attached to the bottom of the feeding hopper, a driving component for driving the printing table to move laterally is arranged below the printing table, a pushing and rotating component is arranged on the side of the printing table, the pushing and rotating component is used to increase the opening between the blocking plate and the feeding hopper in a stepped manner, and a dispersing component is arranged inside the feeding hopper, the dispersing component is used to disperse the powder inside the feeding hopper.

[0008] Preferably, a hinge seat is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding hopper, the outer wall of the hinge seat shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blocking plate, and ratchet wheels are fixedly connected to both ends of the hinge seat. The drive assembly includes two electric slide rails, and electric sliders are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two electric slide rails. The top of the electric sliders is fixedly connected to one side of the printing table.

[0009] Preferably, the push-turn assembly includes two movable plates, which are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the printing table. Multiple hinge platforms are fixedly connected to the top of the movable plates. Each hinge platform has a hinge rod fixedly connected to its shaft. A damping rod is fixedly connected to the top of each hinge rod. The damping rod is movably connected to the inner wall of the movable plate. A limit block is fixedly connected to the end of the damping rod away from the hinge rod. The top of the limit block is in contact with the bottom of the movable plate.

[0010] Preferably, rotating parts are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shaft of the hinge seat, and torsion springs are fixedly connected to the sides of the rotating parts. Side plates are fixedly connected to the ends of the torsion springs away from the rotating parts. The side plates are fixedly connected to the sides of the feeding bin. A locking assembly is provided above the ratchet. The locking assembly is used to restrict the position of the ratchet after it rotates.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning component includes two wedge-shaped blocks, with an inclined surface on one side and a straight surface on the other. A spring is fixedly connected to the top of each wedge-shaped block, and a lifting plate is fixedly connected between the tops of the two springs. A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate, and a receiving plate is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding hopper. The sliding rod and the receiving plate are slidably connected. The elasticity of the spring is lower than the friction between the sliding rod and the receiving plate. An upward pushing component is provided on one side of the lifting plate, which causes the lifting plate to move upward.

[0012] Preferably, the upward pushing component includes an equilateral triangular block, which is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate. A push plate frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, and an inverted triangular block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate frame. External blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the push plate frame, and elastic columns are fixedly connected to the bottom of each external block. The elastic columns are fixedly installed on the top of the worktable, and the elastic stiffness of the elastic columns is higher than that of the spring.

[0013] Preferably, each damping rod is provided with a torsion spring on its exterior. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the hinge rod, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate. The number of hinge platforms and hinge rods is one-quarter of the number of ratchet teeth.

[0014] Preferably, the disintegration assembly includes two pressure rollers, each with several crushed blocks fixedly connected to its outer wall. Both pressure rollers are located inside the feeding hopper, and the shafts of the two pressure rollers are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding hopper. One end of each pressure roller is fixedly connected to a driven gear, and the teeth of the two driven gears mesh with each other. A transmission component is provided on one side of the driven gear to drive one of the driven gears to rotate.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a rack plate, which is fixedly connected to one side of one of the movable plates. The teeth of the rack plate mesh with a drive gear. The shaft of the drive gear and the shaft of one of the driven gears are both fixedly connected to a transmission ring. A transmission belt is connected between the two transmission rings. The shaft of the drive gear is rotatably connected to a clamping seat, which is fixedly connected to the top of the worktable.

[0016] Preferably, a collection box is provided on the top of the workbench, the collection box is located below the printing table, a powder suction device is provided on one side of the collection box, one end of the powder suction device is fixedly connected to a recycling pipe, and the end of the recycling pipe away from the collection box is fixedly connected to the top of the unloading hopper.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing described in this invention eliminates forming defects caused by uneven powder accumulation in traditional powder spreading processes through a "dynamic powder supply-reverse compensation" mechanism. By dynamically adjusting the gap of the feeding hopper opening to form a powder accumulation gradient, it achieves precise control of powder output and uniform powder spreading, reducing powder spreading defects caused by uneven accumulation. At the same time, it works in conjunction with a dispersing component to suppress powder agglomeration and blockage, improving powder supply stability and process accuracy.

[0019] 2. The laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing described in this invention disperses the powder added inside the feeding bin through a dispersing component. The dispersing component works continuously during the lateral movement of the printing table to ensure that the powder inside the feeding bin is always in a loose state, avoiding powder agglomeration inside the feeding bin and thus preventing powder from blocking the outlet of the feeding bin. It also facilitates the transfer of powder from high accumulation area to low accumulation area. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the entire invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder scraper in this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the printing station in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping seat structure in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the material blocking plate in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the hinge rod in this invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding hopper in this invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting plate in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Printing table; 3. Control panel; 4. Laser head; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Telescopic rod; 7. Powder scraper; 8. Electric slider; 9. Electric slide rail; 10. Blocking plate; 11. Hinge seat; 12. Ratchet; 13. Movable plate; 14. Hinge table; 15. Hinge rod; 16. Torsion spring 1; 17. Damping rod; 18. Limit block; 19. Wedge block; 20. Spring; 21. Lifting plate; 22. Zheng San 23. Corner block; 24. Inverted triangular block; 25. Push plate frame; 26. Elastic column; 27. External connecting block; 28. Sliding rod; 29. ​​Support plate; 30. Rack plate; 31. Transmission ring; 32. Transmission belt; 33. Drive gear; 34. Driven gear; 35. Pressure roller; 36. Crushed block; 37. Clamping seat; 38. Collection box; 39. Powder suction device; 40. Recycling pipe; 41. Rotating component; 42. Torsion spring II; 43. Side connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing, including a worktable 1, a printing table 2 above the worktable 1, a control panel 3 fixedly installed on the top of the worktable 1, a laser head 4 movably connected to the bottom of the control panel 3, a feeding bin 5 fixedly connected to one side of the control panel 3, the feeding bin 5 being located on one side above the printing table 2, a telescopic rod 6 fixedly connected to one side of the feeding bin 5, a powder scraper 7 fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod 6, a blocking plate 10 attached to the bottom of the feeding bin 5, a driving component for driving the printing table 2 to move laterally below the printing table 2, a pushing and rotating component for increasing the opening between the blocking plate 10 and the feeding bin 5 in a stepped manner, and a dispersing component for dispersing the powder inside the feeding bin 5.

[0033] During operation: In the initial state, the control panel 3 and laser head 4 are positioned directly above the print table 2. The control panel 3 can control the laser head 4 to move freely on its bottom surface. During printing, the laser head 4 emits a laser beam, scanning the cross-section of the model's planar layer on the powder. After being irradiated by the laser beam, the powder quickly melts and solidifies, gradually forming a physical object. The feeding bin 5 is located on one side above the print table 2, without occupying the positions of the control panel 3 and laser head 4. During powder spreading, the distance between the powder scraper 7 and the print table 2 is precisely adjusted by the telescopic rod 6. The distance value is set according to the current printing layer thickness. Then, through the drive component, the print table 2 moves towards the powder supply area at a constant speed, simultaneously triggering the push-rotation component to drive the blocking plate 10 to rotate. The opening gap between the blocking plate 10 and the feeding bin 5 increases linearly with the displacement of the print table 2, with a smaller opening at the initial end (lower powder output) and a larger opening at the end (higher powder output), forming a powder accumulation gradient along the direction of movement. This results in a thinner powder buildup on the side of the printing platform 2 closer to the feeding bin 5 and a thicker powder buildup on the side farther from the feeding bin 5. After the printing platform 2 completes its forward movement, the drive component reverses and resets it. The blade of the scraper 7 cuts into the powder layer. The scraper 7 first contacts the end area with thicker powder buildup, and the blade pushes the powder to generate shearing force, peeling off excess powder. The peeled powder is transported to the initial end area with thinner powder buildup as the printing platform 2 moves in the reverse direction. Through the blade of the scraper 7 and the wedge-shaped convergence channel on the surface of the printing platform 2, the powder is directionally transported and evenly spread. Furthermore, during the entire lateral movement of the printing platform 2, the powder added inside the feeding bin 5 is also dispersed by the dispersing component. The dispersing component works continuously during the lateral movement of the printing platform 2 to ensure that the powder inside the feeding bin 5 is always in a loose state, preventing the powder inside the feeding bin 5 from agglomerating and clogging the outlet of the feeding bin 5. It also facilitates the transfer of powder from the high-pile area to the low-pile area.

[0034] Compared to existing powder spreading techniques, this solution eliminates forming defects caused by uneven powder accumulation in traditional powder spreading processes through a "dynamic powder supply-reverse compensation" mechanism. By dynamically adjusting the gap of the feed hopper opening to form a powder accumulation gradient, it achieves precise control of powder output and uniform powder spreading, reducing powder spreading defects caused by uneven accumulation. At the same time, it works in conjunction with the dispersing component to suppress powder agglomeration and blockage, improving powder supply stability and process accuracy.

[0035] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown, a hinge seat 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding hopper 5. The outer wall of the shaft of the hinge seat 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blocking plate 10. Both ends of the hinge seat 11 are fixedly connected to ratchet 12. The drive assembly includes two electric slide rails 9. The inner walls of the two electric slide rails 9 are slidably connected to electric sliders 8. The top of the electric sliders 8 is fixedly connected to one side of the printing table 2.

[0036] During operation: When the powder spreading is being performed, the drive slider 8 moves along the inner wall of the electric slide rail 9. The slider 8 will drive the printing table 2 to move laterally. During the movement, the push-rotate component will simultaneously trigger the ratchet 12 to rotate in stages. When the ratchet 12 rotates in stages, it will drive the blocking plate 10 to rotate around the axis of the hinge seat 11 through the shaft of the hinge seat 11. When the blocking plate 10 rotates in stages, the gap between the discharge bin 5 and the opening of the blocking plate 10 increases linearly. During the continuous translation of the printing table 2, the powder layer forms a "thin-thick" stepped accumulation from the side near the discharge bin 5 to the far side, and finally achieves a gradient distribution of the lateral powder spreading thickness.

[0037] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the push-turn assembly includes two movable plates 13, which are fixedly connected to both sides of the printing table 2. Multiple hinge platforms 14 are fixedly connected to the top of the movable plates 13. The shafts of the multiple hinge platforms 14 are all fixedly connected to hinge rods 15. The top of each hinge rod 15 is fixedly connected to a damping rod 17. The damping rod 17 is movably connected to the inner wall of the movable plate 13. The end of the damping rod 17 away from the hinge rod 15 is fixedly connected to a limit block 18. The top of the limit block 18 is in contact with the bottom of the movable plate 13.

[0038] During operation: When the printing table 2 moves horizontally, it drives multiple sets of hinged tables 14 and hinged rods 15 to move synchronously through the movable plate 13. When the hinged rod 15 contacts the tooth groove of the ratchet 12, it cannot hinge and swing due to the constraint of the damping rod 17 and the limiting block 18. Instead, it is stuck into the tooth groove in a pushing posture and drives the ratchet 12 to rotate in one direction. Each step forward of one tooth position causes the blocking plate 10 to deflect, so that the opening gap between the material hopper 5 and the blocking plate 10 expands linearly in a step-like manner with the displacement of the printing table 2. Finally, a dynamic powder supply gradient is formed with "small opening on the side near the material hopper and large opening on the side far from the material hopper", thereby realizing the step-like distribution of powder above the printing table 2.

[0039] like Figures 4 to 5 As shown, rotating parts 40 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shaft of the hinge seat 11. Torsion springs 41 are fixedly connected to the sides of the rotating parts 40. Side plates 42 are fixedly connected to the ends of the torsion springs 41 away from the rotating parts 40. The side plates 42 are fixedly connected to the sides of the unloading bin 5. A locking assembly is provided above the ratchet 12. The locking assembly is used to limit the position of the ratchet 12 after it rotates.

[0040] During operation: When the printing table 2 moves laterally to perform the feeding action, the ratchet 12 is locked by the locking component after each tooth rotation. Although the torsion spring 41 is in a compressed and stored energy state, it cannot drive the rotating part 40 to rotate in the opposite direction because the ratchet 12 is rigidly constrained. This ensures that the blocking plate 10 remains open and completes the powder feeding. When the printing table 2 completes a single lateral movement and ends the feeding, the locking component releases the locking constraint on the ratchet 12, and the torsion spring 41 releases its elastic potential energy, driving the ratchet 12 to rotate in the opposite direction. This causes the blocking plate 10 to reset and seal the bottom opening of the feeding bin 5. This reset action is completed before the printing table 2 moves in the opposite direction to scrape the powder, effectively preventing the powder in the feeding bin 5 from leaking during the scraping and spreading stage, ensuring the uniformity of the powder layer thickness and printing accuracy.

[0041] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the positioning assembly includes two wedge-shaped blocks 19, with an inclined surface and a straight surface on both sides of the wedge-shaped blocks 19. A spring 20 is fixedly connected to the top of each wedge-shaped block 19. A lifting plate 21 is fixedly connected between the tops of the two springs 20. A sliding rod 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate 21. A receiving plate 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the unloading bin 5. The sliding rod 27 and the receiving plate 28 are slidably connected. The elasticity of the spring 20 is lower than the friction between the sliding rod 27 and the receiving plate 28. An upward pushing assembly is provided on one side of the lifting plate 21, which causes the lifting plate 21 to move upward.

[0042] During operation: When the push-rotating assembly drives the ratchet 12 to rotate, the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth presses against the inclined end of the wedge block 19, causing the wedge block 19 to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 20, making room for the ratchet teeth to rotate. After the ratchet 12 rotates through one tooth position, the elastic force of the spring 20 pushes the wedge block 19 to immediately return to its original position downward, and its straight end engages with the next tooth groove of the ratchet 12, forming a rigid limit. At this time, if the ratchet 12 is subjected to the force of the torsion spring 41 and attempts to rotate in the opposite direction, its tooth groove straight surface will directly abut against the straight end of the wedge block 19, preventing the wedge block 19 from moving upward, thereby preventing the ratchet 12 from rotating in the opposite direction and ensuring the ratchet... The wheel 12 maintains a stable position during the phased rotation. After the printing table 2 completes its first lateral movement, the push assembly is activated, pushing the lifting plate 21 upward. The lifting plate 21 drives the wedge block 19 to move upward synchronously, disengaging it from the tooth groove of the ratchet 12 and releasing the lock on the ratchet 12. Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 41, the ratchet 12 rotates in the opposite direction to reset, causing the blocking plate 10 to quickly seal the bottom opening of the feeding bin 5, stopping the feeding. This prevents the powder from still falling onto the upper surface of the printing table 2 when the printing table 2 resets and scrapes the powder, thus preventing the powder from being evenly spread after spreading.

[0043] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the push-up assembly includes an equilateral triangular block 22, which is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate 13. A push plate frame 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 21. An inverted triangular block 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate frame 24. External blocks 26 are fixedly connected to both sides of the push plate frame 24. Elastic columns 25 are fixedly connected to the bottom of each external block 26. The elastic columns 25 are fixedly installed on the top of the worktable 1. The elastic stiffness of the elastic column 25 is higher than that of the spring 20.

[0044] During operation: When the printing table 2 moves to its limit position, the inclined surface of the equilateral triangular block 22 fixed to the side of the movable plate 13 contacts the inclined surface of the inverted triangular block 23. The inclined surfaces push against each other, forcing the inverted triangular block 23 to move vertically upwards. The inverted triangular block 23, through the push plate frame 24, drives the lifting plate 21 to move upwards simultaneously, pushing the wedge block 19 out of the tooth groove of the ratchet 12, releasing the lock on the ratchet 12, allowing the ratchet 12 to rotate and reset under the action of the torsion spring 41. This, in turn, drives the blocking plate 10 to seal the bottom of the material hopper 5. When the printing table 2 moves in the opposite direction, the equilateral triangular block 22... After disengaging from the inverted triangular block 23, the elastic columns 25 connected to the outer blocks 26 on both sides of the push plate frame 24 release elastic potential energy, pushing the inverted triangular block 23 and the lifting plate 21 to move down and reset quickly. After resetting, the wedge block 19 is re-engaged into the tooth groove of the ratchet 12 under the action of the spring 20, restoring the one-way locking of the ratchet 12, and waiting for the next cycle to be triggered. Moreover, by setting the elastic stiffness of the elastic column 25 to be higher than the elastic stiffness of the spring 20, when the wedge block 19 is squeezed upward by the ratchet 12, the spring 20 will deform while the elastic column 25 will not undergo elastic deformation.

[0045] like Figures 6 to 7 As shown, each damping rod 17 is provided with a torsion spring 16 on its exterior. One end of the torsion spring 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the hinge rod 15, and the other end of the torsion spring 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate 13. The number of hinge platforms 14 and hinge rods 15 is one-quarter of the number of ratchet teeth of ratchet 12.

[0046] During operation: When the movable plate 13 moves in the opposite direction, the top surface of the hinge rod 15 contacts the tooth surface of the ratchet 12. Due to the one-way locking restriction of the ratchet 12, the hinge rod 15 swings downward along the hinge platform 14, compressing the torsion spring 16 to avoid the ratchet teeth. After passing the ratchet 12, the torsion spring 16 releases its stored energy and pushes the hinge rod 15 back to the initial tilt angle. The number of hinge platforms 14 and hinge rods 15 is one-quarter of the number of ratchet teeth of the ratchet 12. When the hinge platforms 14 and hinge rods 15 move for the first time, the ratchet 12 will eventually rotate 90 degrees to form the maximum opening gap.

[0047] like Figure 8As shown, the dispersing assembly includes two pressure rollers 34, each with several crushed blocks 35 fixedly connected to its outer wall. Both pressure rollers 34 are located inside the feeding bin 5, and the shafts of the two pressure rollers 34 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding bin 5. One end of each pressure roller 34 is fixedly connected to a driven gear 33, and the teeth of the two driven gears 33 mesh with each other. A transmission assembly is provided on one side of the driven gear 33 to drive one of the driven gears 33 to rotate.

[0048] During operation: When the movable plate 13 moves, it drives one of the driven gears 33 to rotate through the transmission component. The two driven gears 33 mesh with each other and rotate relative to each other, thereby causing the two pressure rollers 34 to rotate relative to each other. The two pressure rollers 34 and the crushing block 35 will break up the powder inside the feeding bin 5, preventing the powder from clumping inside the feeding bin 5, which would block the discharge port or prevent the powder from being evenly spread in the subsequent process.

[0049] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a rack plate 29, which is fixedly connected to one side of one of the movable plates 13. The teeth of the rack plate 29 mesh with a drive gear 32. The shaft of the drive gear 32 and the shaft of one of the driven gears 33 are both fixedly connected to a transmission ring 30. A transmission belt 31 is connected between the two transmission rings 30. The shaft of the drive gear 32 is rotatably connected to a clamping seat 36, which is fixedly connected to the top of the worktable 1.

[0050] During operation: When the printing table 2 moves the movable plate 13, it drives the drive gear 32 to rotate through the rack plate 29. When the drive gear 32 rotates, it drives the driven gear 33 to rotate through the transmission relationship between the transmission belt 31 and the two transmission rings 30, thereby causing the two pressure rollers 34 to rotate relative to each other to break up the powder.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, a collection box 37 is provided on the top of the workbench 1. The collection box 37 is located below the printing table 2. A powder suction device 38 is provided on one side of the collection box 37. One end of the powder suction device 38 is fixedly connected to a recovery pipe 39. The end of the recovery pipe 39 away from the collection box 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the unloading bin 5.

[0052] During operation: When the printing table 2 moves in reverse and resets, the scraper will eventually scrape the excess powder into the collection box 37. The excess powder will fall into the collection box 37 and be fed back into the unloading hopper 5 through the powder suction device 38 and the recycling pipe 39 for reuse, thereby realizing the recycling of resources.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser forming apparatus based on metal powder additive manufacturing comprising a work table, characterized in that: The upper portion of the workbench is provided with a printing table, the top of the workbench is fixedly provided with a control panel, the bottom of the control panel is movably connected with a laser head, one side of the control panel is fixedly connected with a discharging bin, the discharging bin is located on one side above the printing table, one side of the discharging bin is fixedly connected with an extension rod, the bottom of the extension rod is fixedly connected with a powder scraping plate, the bottom of the discharging bin is attached with a blocking plate, the lower portion of the printing table is provided with a driving assembly for driving the printing table to move horizontally, the side of the printing table is provided with a push-turn assembly, the push-turn assembly is used for making the opening between the blocking plate and the discharging bin increase in steps, the inside of the discharging bin is provided with a scattering assembly, the scattering assembly is used for scattering the powder inside the discharging bin; One side of the discharging bin is fixedly connected with a hinged seat, the shaft rod outer wall of the hinged seat is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the blocking plate, both ends of the hinged seat are fixedly connected with ratchets, the driving assembly comprises two electric sliding rails, the inner walls of the two electric sliding rails are movably connected with electric sliding blocks, the top of the electric sliding block is fixedly connected with one side of the printing table; The push-turn assembly comprises two movable plates, the two movable plates are fixedly connected with the two sides of the printing table respectively, the top of the movable plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of hinged tables, the shaft rods of the plurality of hinged tables are fixedly connected with hinged rods, the top of the hinged rod is fixedly connected with a damping rod, the inner wall of the damping rod is movably connected with the movable plate, the end of the damping rod away from the hinged rod is fixedly connected with a limiting block, the top of the limiting block is attached with the bottom of the movable plate.

2. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft rod outer wall of the hinged seat is fixedly connected with a rotating piece, the side of the rotating piece is fixedly connected with a torsion spring two, the end of the torsion spring two away from the rotating piece is fixedly connected with a side connecting plate, the side connecting plate is fixedly connected with the side of the discharging bin, the upper portion of the ratchet is provided with a detent assembly, the detent assembly is used for limiting the position of the ratchet after rotation.

3. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detent assembly comprises two wedge-shaped blocks, the two sides of the wedge-shaped block are respectively inclined surfaces and straight surfaces, the top of the wedge-shaped block is fixedly connected with a spring, the top of the two springs is fixedly connected with a lifting plate, the top of the lifting plate is fixedly connected with a sliding rod, one side of the discharging bin is fixedly connected with a receiving plate, the sliding rod is slidably connected between the receiving plate, the spring elasticity is lower than the friction between the sliding rod and the receiving plate, one side of the lifting plate is provided with a pushing assembly, the pushing assembly makes the lifting plate move upward.

4. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pushing assembly comprises an equilateral triangle block, the equilateral triangle block is fixedly connected with one side of the movable plate, the bottom of the lifting plate is fixedly connected with a push plate frame, the lower portion of the push plate frame is fixedly connected with an inverted triangle block, the two sides of the push plate frame are fixedly connected with external connection blocks, the bottom of the external connection block is fixedly connected with a spring column, the spring column is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, the spring elasticity of the spring column is higher than the spring elasticity of the spring.

5. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outside of each damping rod is provided with a torsion spring one, one end of the torsion spring one is fixedly connected with the bottom side of the hinged rod, the other end of the torsion spring one is fixedly connected with the top of the movable plate, the number of the hinged tables and the hinged rods is one fourth of the number of the ratchet teeth.

6. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dispersing assembly comprises two pressure rollers, the outer walls of the pressure rollers are fixedly connected with a plurality of crushing blocks, the two pressure rollers are located inside the discharging bin, the shafts of the two pressure rollers are rotationally connected with the inner wall of the discharging bin, one end of each of the two pressure rollers is fixedly connected with a driven gear, the teeth of the two driven gears are meshed with each other, and a transmission assembly for driving one of the driven gears to rotate is arranged on one side of the driven gear.

7. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a rack plate, the rack plate is fixedly connected to one side of one of the movable plates, the teeth of the rack plate are meshed with a driving gear, the shaft of the driving gear and the shaft of one of the driven gears are both fixedly connected with a transmission ring, a transmission belt is transmissionally connected between the two transmission rings, the shaft of the driving gear is rotationally connected with a clamping seat, and the clamping seat is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench.

8. A laser forming device based on metal powder additive manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the workbench is provided with a collection box, the collection box is located below the printing table, one side of the collection box is provided with a powder suction device, one end of the powder suction device is fixedly connected with a recovery pipe, and the end of the recovery pipe away from the collection box is fixedly communicated with the top of the discharging bin.

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