Longitudinal tree type blade root type blade preorder machining method and clamp

Abstract

The invention discloses a longitudinal tree type blade root type blade preorder machining method and a clamp, and the longitudinal tree type blade root type blade preorder machining method comprises the following steps: respectively machining a first positioning alignment reference and a second positioning alignment reference on a blade root and a blade crown, each of the first positioning alignment reference and the second positioning alignment reference comprises a length reference, a width reference and a height reference; roughly milling a blade profile, a boss and a blade crown profile; finely polishing the inner arc surface to obtain a clamping reference surface; the blade is positioned and clamped according to the first positioning alignment reference, the second positioning alignment reference and the clamping reference surface; finely milling the blade root; correcting the shape of the blade; and the blade profile, the boss and the blade crown profile are subjected to finish milling. According to the method, square box pouring and square box withdrawing are not needed any more, so that the labor cost is saved, follow-up machining is not delayed any more, the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of blade processing, and in particular relates to a pre-processing method and a fixture for a longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the pre-processing method for longitudinal tree-shaped root blades includes the following steps: casting a box using a low-temperature alloy, rough and fine milling the root tenon, retreating the box, and rough milling the blade profile, boss, and crown line, and then adjusting the shape. The low-temperature properties of the low-temperature alloy in this pre-processing method can reduce thermal deformation, thereby reducing errors during the processing.

[0003] However, the cost of low-temperature alloys themselves is relatively high, which increases processing costs; and the casting process is complicated, and the process parameters need to be precisely controlled during casting, otherwise quality problems are likely to occur; at the same time, special equipment is required for casting square boxes and retreat boxes, which places high demands on equipment and processes; in addition, due to the large external dimensions of the blades, the temperature control cost and labor cost of casting square boxes and retreat boxes are relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a pre-processing method and fixture for a longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade, which can reduce costs and improve production efficiency.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, a method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-shaped blade root type blade is provided, comprising the following steps: Processing a first positioning and alignment reference and a second positioning and alignment reference on the blade root and the blade crown respectively, wherein the first positioning and alignment reference and the second positioning and alignment reference both include a length reference, a width reference and a height reference; Rough milling of blade profile, boss and blade crown line; Polish the inner arc surface to obtain the clamping reference surface; Positioning and clamping the blade according to the first positioning and alignment reference, the second positioning and alignment reference and the clamping reference surface; Fine milling of blade roots; Leaf shape; Fine milling of blade profile, boss and crown line.

[0006] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade no longer needs to cast square boxes and retreating square boxes, which is beneficial to saving labor costs; and the low-temperature alloy material itself is expensive, and the number of cast square boxes is limited, which cannot meet large-scale production, resulting in delays in subsequent processing. The pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade no longer uses low-temperature alloy materials to cast square boxes, and will no longer cause delays in subsequent processing, which is beneficial to reducing costs and improving production efficiency; at the same time, the pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade first processes the blade body and then processes the blade root, so as to position and process the blade root through the cross-section profile line on the inner arc surface to correct the deviation between the blade root and the profile surface, thereby reducing the workload of shape correction.

[0007] Furthermore, the length reference of the first positioning and alignment reference is the left end surface of the blade root, and the length reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the left end surface of the blade crown.

[0008] Furthermore, the two width references of the first positioning and alignment reference are the front end surface and the rear end surface of the blade root, respectively, and the two width references of the second positioning and alignment reference are the front end surface and the rear end surface of the blade crown.

[0009] Furthermore, the two height references of the first positioning and alignment reference are the lower end surfaces at the front and rear sides of the blade root, and the height reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the lower end surface of the blade crown.

[0010] Furthermore, the polished inner arc surface includes: The polished inner arc surface has at least two different lateral positions.

[0011] Furthermore, when polishing the inner arc surface, the outer arc surface is polished at the same transverse position.

[0012] Furthermore, before the blade root and the blade crown are processed respectively for the first positioning and alignment reference and the second positioning and alignment reference, the method further includes the following steps: The blades are positioned and clamped using three center pieces and two clamping pieces.

[0013] In a second aspect, a fixture is provided. The fixture is used in a pre-processing method for a longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade. The fixture includes a base plate. A first positioning block, a plurality of second positioning blocks, and a base are sequentially arranged on the upper end of the base plate in a transverse direction. A first positioning surface for affixing a length reference in a first positioning and alignment reference is provided at the right end of the first positioning block. Second positioning surfaces for affixing two width references in the first positioning and alignment reference are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the first positioning block. Third positioning surfaces for affixing two height references in the first positioning and alignment reference are respectively provided at the upper ends of the front and rear sides of the first positioning block. The upper end of the second positioning block is provided with a fourth positioning surface for fitting the clamping reference surface; A groove body is arranged horizontally along the upper edge of the base, a third positioning block is arranged at the left end of the groove body, and a fifth positioning surface for fitting the length reference in the second positioning and alignment reference is arranged at the right end of the third positioning block; the front and rear sides of the groove body are respectively provided with sixth positioning surfaces for fitting the two width references in the second positioning and alignment reference; the lower end of the groove body is provided with a seventh positioning surface for fitting the height reference in the second positioning and alignment reference.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the first positioning block fits the length reference, width reference and height reference of the first positioning alignment reference through the first positioning surface, the second positioning surface and the third positioning surface respectively, so as to position and clamp the blade root according to the first positioning alignment reference; the second positioning block fits the clamping reference surface through the fourth positioning surface, and when pressure is applied to the outer arc surface, the blade body can be positioned and clamped according to the clamping reference surface; the third positioning block fits the length reference, width reference and height reference of the second positioning alignment reference through the fifth positioning surface, the sixth positioning surface and the seventh positioning surface respectively, so as to position and clamp the blade crown according to the second positioning alignment reference; in summary, using this fixture, the blade can be positioned and clamped according to the first positioning alignment reference, the second positioning alignment reference and the clamping reference surface.

[0015] Furthermore, a screw portion is provided at the left end of the third positioning block, the screw portion being threadedly connected to the base and having an axis extending in the transverse direction. Furthermore, the clamp includes a profile pressing plate for cooperating with the second positioning block to clamp the blade, and the profile pressing plate is detachably connected to the base plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade no longer needs to cast square boxes and retreating square boxes, which is beneficial to saving labor costs; and the low-temperature alloy material itself is expensive, and the number of cast square boxes is limited, which cannot meet large-scale production, resulting in delays in subsequent processing. The pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade no longer uses low-temperature alloy materials to cast square boxes, and will no longer cause delays in subsequent processing, which is beneficial to reducing costs and improving production efficiency; at the same time, the pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade first processes the blade body and then processes the blade root, so that the blade root can be positioned and processed through the cross-sectional profile line on the inner arc surface to correct the deviation between the blade root and the profile surface, thereby reducing the workload of shape correction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 A flow chart showing the blade pre-processing method of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the blade clamping in the present invention; Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 Axonometric drawing of Figure 4 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the blade in the present invention; Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 Bottom view of Figure 6 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the clamp of the present invention; Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 A top view of Figure 8 Shows Figure 6 Axonometric drawing of In the drawings, like reference numerals are used for like parts, but the drawings are not necessarily true to scale.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Blade; 101. First length reference; 102. First width reference; 103. First height reference; 104. Second length reference; 105. Second width reference; 106. Second height reference; 107. Clamping reference surface; 2. First positioning block; 201. First positioning surface; 202. Second positioning surface; 203. Third positioning surface; 3. Profile pressure plate; 301. Eighth positioning surface; 4. Bottom plate; 5. Base; 501. Sixth positioning surface; 502. Seventh positioning surface; 6. Third positioning block; 601. Fifth positioning surface; 7. Second positioning block; 701. Fourth positioning surface; 8. Turning handle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The present invention provides a method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-shaped blade root type blade, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes the following steps: Processing a first positioning and alignment reference and a second positioning and alignment reference on the blade root and the blade crown respectively, wherein the first positioning and alignment reference and the second positioning and alignment reference both include a length reference, a width reference and a height reference; Rough milling of blade profile, boss and blade crown line; Polish the inner arc surface to obtain the clamping reference surface 107; Positioning and clamping the blade 1 according to the first positioning and alignment reference, the second positioning and alignment reference and the clamping reference surface 107; Fine milling of blade roots; Blade 1 is shaped; Fine milling of blade profile, boss and crown line.

[0021] It can be understood that the pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade no longer uses the casting of square boxes and retreating square boxes, which is conducive to saving labor costs (labor wages, forklift transportation fees and water heating electricity fees); and the low-temperature alloy material itself is expensive, and the number of casting square boxes is limited, which cannot meet large-scale production, resulting in delays in subsequent processing. The pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade no longer uses low-temperature alloy materials to cast square boxes, and will no longer cause delays in subsequent processing, which is conducive to reducing costs and improving production efficiency; at the same time, the pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade first processes the blade body and then processes the blade root, so as to position and process the blade root through the cross-section profile line on the inner arc surface to correct the deviation between the blade root and the profile surface, thereby reducing the workload of shape correction.

[0022] It should be noted that when fine milling the blade root, the fixture positions and installs the blade 1 according to the first positioning alignment reference, the second positioning alignment reference and the clamping reference surface 107, and clamps the blade 1 by clamping the two ends of the profile pressure plate 3 to avoid displacement of the blade root during processing due to the large cutting force of the forming tool.

[0023] It should also be noted that if the rough machining machine tool cannot meet the process requirements, the reference dimension marking method can be used to facilitate subsequent alignment and review and adjust the machine tool X stroke to meet the machining conditions. In one embodiment, the length reference of the first positioning and alignment reference is the first length reference 101, specifically the left end surface of the blade root; the length reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the second length reference 104, specifically the left end surface of the blade crown.

[0024] In one embodiment, the width reference of the first positioning and alignment reference is the first width reference 102, and the two first width references 102 are the front end face and the rear end face of the blade root respectively; the width reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the second width reference 105, and the two second width references 105 are the front end face and the rear end face of the blade crown respectively.

[0025] In one embodiment, the height reference of the first positioning and alignment reference is the first height reference 103, and the two first height references 103 are the lower end surfaces on the front and rear sides of the blade root respectively; the height reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the second height reference 106, specifically the lower end surface of the blade crown.

[0026] In one embodiment, the polished inner curved surface comprises: The polished inner arc surface has at least two different lateral positions.

[0027] It is understandable that such an arrangement allows the blade 1 to be positioned and installed at multiple positions, thereby facilitating improvement of the positioning and clamping accuracy of the blade 1 .

[0028] In one embodiment, when polishing the inner curved surface, the outer curved surface is polished at the same lateral position.

[0029] It is understandable that at the same transverse position, both the polished inner arc surface and the outer arc surface can be used for positioning and clamping, thereby facilitating improving the positioning and clamping accuracy of the blade 1 .

[0030] In one embodiment, before machining the first positioning and alignment reference and the second positioning and alignment reference of the blade root and the blade crown respectively, the following steps are further included: The blade 1 is positioned and clamped using three top parts and two clamping parts.

[0031] Specifically, positioning and clamping the blade 1 using three top parts and two clamping parts includes the following steps: Push the three top parts into the two top holes of the blade root and one top hole of the blade crown respectively; Clamp the two clamping pieces on the blade; The transverse positions of the two clamping members are different from the transverse positions of the airfoil, the boss, the airfoil shroud line and the clamping reference surface 107 .

[0032] It can be understood that the three-top and two-clamp method can ensure the processing rigidity of the entire blade body when rough milling the blade profile, boss and blade crown line.

[0033] It should be noted that due to the interference problem of the clamping parts when processing the references at both ends of the blade 1, in the pre-processing method of the longitudinal tree-type blade root type, the first positioning and alignment references and the second positioning and alignment references are first processed at the blade root and the blade crown respectively, and then the blade profile, boss and blade crown profile are roughly milled.

[0034] It should be noted that the two top holes are both arranged transversely at the right end of the blade root and are located at the front and rear sides respectively, and the other top hole is arranged transversely at the left end of the blade crown.

[0035] like Figure 2-7 As shown, the present invention also provides a fixture, which is used in the pre-processing method of a longitudinal tree-type blade root type blade. The fixture includes a base plate 4, and the upper end of the base plate 4 is sequentially provided with a first positioning block 2, a plurality of second positioning blocks 7 and a base 5 in the transverse direction; the right end of the first positioning block 2 is provided with a first positioning surface 201 for affixing to the length reference in the first positioning and alignment reference; the front and rear parts of the first positioning block 2 are respectively provided with second positioning surfaces 202 for affixing to the two width references in the first positioning and alignment reference; the upper ends of the front and rear sides of the first positioning block 2 are respectively provided with third positioning surfaces 203 for affixing to the two height references in the first positioning and alignment reference; The upper end of the second positioning block 7 is provided with a fourth positioning surface 701 for fitting and clamping the reference surface 107; A groove body is arranged horizontally on the upper edge of the base 5, and a third positioning block 6 is arranged at the left end of the groove body, and a fifth positioning surface 601 for fitting the length reference in the second positioning and alignment reference is arranged at the right end of the third positioning block 6; the front and rear sides of the groove body are respectively provided with sixth positioning surfaces 501 for fitting the two width references in the second positioning and alignment reference; the lower end of the groove body is provided with a seventh positioning surface 502 for fitting the height reference in the second positioning and alignment reference.

[0036] It can be understood that the first positioning block 2 fits the length reference, width reference and height reference of the first positioning alignment reference through the first positioning surface 201, the second positioning surface 202 and the third positioning surface 203 respectively, so as to position and clamp the blade root according to the first positioning alignment reference; the second positioning block 7 fits the clamping reference surface 107 through the fourth positioning surface 701, and when pressure is applied to the outer arc surface, the blade body can be positioned and clamped according to the clamping reference surface 107; the third positioning block 6 fits the length reference, width reference and height reference of the second positioning alignment reference through the fifth positioning surface 601, the sixth positioning surface 501 and the seventh positioning surface 502 respectively, so as to position and clamp the blade crown according to the second positioning alignment reference; in summary, using this fixture, the blade 1 can be positioned and clamped according to the first positioning alignment reference, the second positioning alignment reference and the clamping reference surface 107.

[0037] Specifically, when the fixture positions and clamps the blade 1, the first positioning surface 201 fits the left end surface of the blade root, the two second positioning surfaces 202 fit the front end surface and the rear end surface of the blade root respectively, the two third positioning surfaces 203 fit the lower end surfaces on the front and rear sides of the blade root respectively, the fourth positioning surface 701 fits the polished inner arc surface, the fifth positioning surface 601 fits the left end surface of the blade crown, the two sixth positioning surfaces 501 fit the front end surface and the rear end surface of the blade crown respectively, and the seventh positioning surface 502 fits the lower end surface of the blade crown respectively.

[0038] In one embodiment, in order to solve the problem of vibration during rough milling of blade profiles and bosses, a screw portion is provided at the left end of the third positioning block 6, which is threadedly connected to the base 5 and has an axis extending laterally. By rotating the screw portion, the right end of the third positioning block 6, which is the driven tail stock, is pressed against the left end of the blade crown, thereby enhancing the blade crown processing rigidity. In addition, during processing, processing is carried out from the blade crown to the blade root.

[0039] It should be noted that a rotating handle 8 may be provided at the left end of the screw portion, and the third positioning block 6 may act on the top hole at the left end of the blade crown.

[0040] In one embodiment, the clamp includes a profile pressing plate 3 for cooperating with the second positioning block 7 to clamp the blade 1 , and the profile pressing plate 3 is bolted to the base plate 4 .

[0041] Specifically, the lower end of the profile pressure plate 3 can be provided with an eighth positioning surface 301 for fitting with the polished outer arc surface, so that when the profile pressure plate 3 is fixed on the base plate 4, the inner arc surface and the outer arc surface of the polished part respectively fit with the fourth positioning surface 701 and the eighth positioning surface 301, thereby facilitating high-precision positioning and clamping of the blade 1.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "back", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the invention. It should be understood that many modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments, and that other arrangements may be devised, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the various dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in ways other than those described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be employed in conjunction with other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-type blade root, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Processing a first positioning and alignment reference and a second positioning and alignment reference on the blade root and the blade crown respectively, wherein the first positioning and alignment reference and the second positioning and alignment reference both include a length reference, a width reference and a height reference; Rough milling of blade profile, boss and blade crown line; Polish the inner arc surface to obtain the clamping reference surface (107); Positioning and clamping the blade (1) according to the first positioning and alignment reference, the second positioning and alignment reference, and the clamping reference surface (107); Fine milling of blade roots; Blade (1) shape; Fine milling of blade profile, boss and crown line.

2. The longitudinal tree-type blade root pre-processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length reference of the first positioning and alignment reference is the left end surface of the blade root, and the length reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the left end surface of the blade crown.

3. The method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-type blade root according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two width references of the first positioning and alignment reference are the front end face and the rear end face of the blade root respectively, and the two width references of the second positioning and alignment reference are the front end face and the rear end face of the blade crown.

4. The method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-type blade root according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two height references of the first positioning and alignment reference are the lower end surfaces on both sides of the blade root, and the height reference of the second positioning and alignment reference is the lower end surface of the blade crown.

5. The method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-type blade root according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polished inner arc surface comprises: The polished inner arc surface has at least two different lateral positions.

6. The method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-type blade root according to claim 1, characterized in that: When polishing the inner arc surface, polish the outer arc surface at the same horizontal position.

7. The method for pre-processing a longitudinal tree-type blade root according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the blade root and the blade crown are respectively processed with the first positioning and alignment reference and the second positioning and alignment reference, the following steps are also included: The blade (1) is positioned and clamped using three top parts and two clamping parts.

8. A clamp, characterized in that: The fixture is used for the longitudinal tree-type root blade pre-processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the fixture comprises a base plate (4), and the upper end of the base plate (4) is provided with a first positioning block (2), a plurality of second positioning blocks (7) and a base (5) in sequence along the transverse direction; the right end of the first positioning block (2) is provided with a first positioning surface (201) for fitting the length reference in the first positioning alignment reference; the front and rear parts of the first positioning block (2) are respectively provided with second positioning surfaces (202) for fitting the two width references in the first positioning alignment reference; the upper ends of the front and rear sides of the first positioning block (2) are respectively provided with third positioning surfaces (203) for fitting the two height references in the first positioning alignment reference; The upper end of the second positioning block (7) is provided with a fourth positioning surface (701) for fitting with the clamping reference surface (107); A groove body is arranged transversely on the upper edge of the base (5), a third positioning block (6) is arranged at the left end of the groove body, and a fifth positioning surface (601) for fitting the length reference in the second positioning alignment reference is arranged at the right end of the third positioning block (6); a sixth positioning surface (501) for fitting the two width references in the second positioning alignment reference is arranged at the front and rear sides of the groove body respectively; and a seventh positioning surface (502) for fitting the height reference in the second positioning alignment reference is arranged at the lower end of the groove body.

9. The clamp according to claim 8, characterized in that The left end of the third positioning block (6) is provided with a screw portion which is threadedly connected to the base (5) and whose axis extends in the transverse direction.

10. The clamp according to claim 8, wherein: The clamp comprises a profile pressing plate (3) for cooperating with the second positioning block (7) to clamp the blade (1); the profile pressing plate (3) is detachably connected to the base plate (4).

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