Unmanned aerial vehicle wireless charging system and method in motion scene

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle wireless charging system and method in a sports scenario, the wireless charging system comprises a backpack type wireless charging device and an unmanned aerial vehicle receiving device, the backpack type wireless charging device comprises a backpack structure, a power supply module, a control module and a wireless charging transmitting module, the backpack structure is carried by a sporter, the power supply module is connected with the control module, and the wireless charging transmitting module is connected with the control module. A power supply module, a control module and a wireless charging transmitting module are placed in the housing; the power supply module is used for supplying power to the control module and the wireless charging transmitting module; the control module is used for sending a control signal to the wireless charging transmitting module, controlling the whole radio charging process and communicating with an unmanned aerial vehicle receiving device; the wireless charging transmitting module is used for receiving the control signal and converting the direct current into wireless electric energy; the unmanned aerial vehicle receiving device is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle and used for receiving wireless electric energy and charging a battery of the unmanned aerial vehicle. According to the system and method, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be continuously charged in the flight process, and the endurance time is greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of emerging information technology and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular relates to a wireless charging system and method for UAVs in motion scenarios. Background Art

[0002] Drone technology is widely used in sports photography, live events, and other fields, but consumer-grade drones have a short flight time (usually 30 to 50 minutes), which cannot meet the needs of long-term sports photography. Existing methods for extending drone battery life have problems: replacing batteries requires manual intervention and is not suitable for individual sports scenes; tethered drones have a range of movement limited by cable length and are not suitable for large-scale mobile sports (such as marathons); fixed wireless charging stations need to be deployed in fixed locations, have poor flexibility, and are not suitable for mobile scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems of short flight time and inconvenient charging of consumer-grade drones in the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless charging system and method for drones in sports scenarios, which can provide continuous, stable and convenient wireless charging for drones during sports, extend the flight time of drones, and improve shooting efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, a wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios is disclosed, including a backpack wireless charging device and a drone receiving device. The backpack wireless charging device includes a backpack structure, a power module, a control module and a wireless charging transmitting module.

[0005] The carrying structure is carried by the athlete and is used to place the power module, control module and wireless charging transmitter module;

[0006] The power module is used to supply power to the control module and the wireless charging transmitter module;

[0007] The control module is used to send control signals to the wireless charging transmitter module, control the entire wireless charging process, and communicate with the drone receiving device;

[0008] The wireless charging transmitter module is used to receive a control signal and convert direct current into wireless energy;

[0009] The drone receiving device is installed on the drone and is used to receive wireless energy to charge the drone battery.

[0010] Furthermore, the power module is fixed to the lower area inside the backpack structure, using the weight of the battery to optimize the overall center of gravity and improve the backpack stability. It is installed in a flame-retardant hard plastic shell; the power module includes a high-energy density battery;

[0011] The control module is fixed to the middle area inside the backpack structure and is installed in a metal shielding box to reduce electromagnetic interference. The power module is connected to the power input terminal of the control module through a current connector and connected to the control module through a PicoBlade connector;

[0012] The wireless charging transmitter module includes a power amplifier, a transmitting coil, and a first resonant capacitor. The power amplifier is located near the control module and receives direct current from the power module via a current pin connector. It is connected to the control module via a shielded cable to receive control signals. The output end is connected to the two terminals of the transmitting coil via a Litz wire solder lug.

[0013] The transmitting coil is fixed in a position close to the outside of the backpack structure, with its inner side close to the ferrite shielding plate to shield internal components from magnetic field interference and optimize the outward magnetic field distribution, and is used to convert direct current into wireless power;

[0014] The first resonant capacitor is welded near the two terminals of the transmitting coil to form a resonant circuit with the transmitting coil, thereby minimizing the lead inductance.

[0015] Furthermore, the carrying structure includes a main body, a first shell, vents, shoulder straps and a waist belt. The main body is made of carbon fiber composite material, providing a high-strength and low-weight support frame for installing various modules; the first shell covers the main body to protect the modules in the main body; the vents are used for ventilation and heat dissipation; the shoulder straps and waist belt are made of thickened breathable mesh material to fix the carrying structure to the athlete.

[0016] Furthermore, the backpack wireless charging device further includes a heat dissipation module for dissipating heat generated during wireless charging;

[0017] The heat dissipation module includes a heat sink and a fan. The heat sink is an aluminum extruded heat sink fin group, and the heat sink fins are in contact with the power amplifier and the control module respectively; the fan is fixed on the side of the heat sink fin to form an air cooling channel, and the air flow path corresponds to the vent of the back structure; the fan is connected to the control module through a PWM fan interface.

[0018] Furthermore, the backpack wireless charging device also includes multiple NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor temperature sensors, which are connected to the control module through an XH2.54 2-pin interface; the multiple NTC thermistor temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the battery surface of the power module, on the heat sink fins in contact with the power amplifier, and near the transmitting coil.

[0019] Furthermore, the control module also includes a first positioning unit and a first communication unit, the first positioning unit is used to establish a positioning and ranging link with the drone receiving device, and the first communication unit is used to communicate with the drone receiving device.

[0020] Furthermore, the drone receiving device includes a second housing, a receiving coil, a second resonant capacitor, a rectifier filter circuit, and a charging management module. The second housing is installed at the bottom of the drone to fix the modules.

[0021] The receiving coil is fixed to the bottom of the second housing and is in close contact with the inner wall of the second housing, ensuring the closest distance and most convenient alignment with the transmitting coil of the backpack wireless charging device, and is used to receive the wireless power transmitted by the backpack wireless charging device; the two terminals of the receiving coil are connected to the AC input end of the rectifier and filter circuit via Litz wire welding pieces;

[0022] The second resonant capacitor is welded near the two terminals of the receiving coil to form a resonant circuit with the receiving coil to minimize parasitic inductance;

[0023] The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert wireless power into direct current, and the DC output terminal is connected to the DC input terminal of the charging management module through a wire;

[0024] The charging management module is used to control the charging current and voltage of the drone, protect the drone battery, and prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The charging output end is connected to the battery interface of the drone through a wiring harness.

[0025] Furthermore, the drone receiving device also includes a positioning module and a communication module

[0026] The positioning module is used to use UWB positioning technology to assist the drone in docking with the backpack wireless charging device to improve charging efficiency;

[0027] The communication module is used to communicate with the charging management module through the SPI interface and communicate with the control module of the backpack wireless charging device to exchange information including charging status and control instructions.

[0028] In a second aspect, a method for wirelessly charging a drone in a sports scene is disclosed, which is applied to the aforementioned drone wireless charging system in a sports scene, comprising:

[0029] Step 1: The athlete carries the wireless charging device and turns on the power supply;

[0030] Step 2: The drone takes off and establishes a connection with the backpack wireless charging device;

[0031] Step 3: The drone flies close to the backpack wireless charging device and enters the wireless charging area;

[0032] Step 4: The wireless charging transmitter module generates radio energy, and the drone receiving device receives the radio energy and converts it into direct current to charge the drone battery.

[0033] Furthermore, the method further includes step 5, wherein the control module and the charging management module work together to control the charging process;

[0034] The control module monitors the battery voltage, current and temperature of the power module in real time, monitors the output power, efficiency and temperature of the wireless charging transmitter module in real time, monitors the relative position and attitude of the drone, and receives the status information of the drone;

[0035] The charging management module monitors the input voltage, current, and temperature of the battery in real time, as well as the charging voltage, current, and battery temperature output to the drone battery, and periodically sends status information to the control module.

[0036] The control module adjusts the wireless charging transmission power based on the received drone battery status and the requirements of the charging management module; if it detects that the drone is deviating from the optimal charging position, it sends fine-tuning instructions to the flight control to guide the drone to correct its position and attitude.

[0037] Beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. No need to land to charge: The drone can be continuously charged during flight, without the need to land to replace the battery, which greatly extends the flight time.

[0039] 2. Applicable to sports scenes: The backpack design allows the charging device to move with the athlete, suitable for running, cross-country running, cycling and other sports scenes.

[0040] 3. Strong autonomy: There is no need to set up a charging station at a fixed location. Athletes can move freely and the drone can continue to follow and shoot, which improves the flexibility of shooting.

[0041] 4. Safe and reliable: Using magnetic resonance wireless charging technology, the transmission distance is long and the impact on the human body is small; multiple protection mechanisms (over-temperature, over-current, over-charging, etc.) ensure charging safety.

[0042] 5. Improve efficiency: It reduces the time that the drone needs to be interrupted for shooting due to charging, and improves the efficiency of sports shooting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless charging system for a drone in a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backpack wireless charging device in a wireless charging system for a drone in a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a backpack wireless charging device in a wireless charging system for a drone in a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a drone receiving device installed on the bottom of a drone in a drone wireless charging system for a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a drone receiving device in a drone wireless charging system for a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging principle in a wireless charging system for a drone in a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a control flow chart of a method for wirelessly charging a drone in a sports scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] The present invention provides a wireless charging system and method for drones in sports scenarios, which can be applied to scenarios where consumer drones are used in various sports such as running, cross-country running, and cycling.

[0053] The first embodiment of the present application discloses a wireless charging system for a drone in a sports scene, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a backpack wireless charging device and a UAV receiving device. Figure 2 As shown, the backpack wireless charging device includes a backpack structure, a power module, a control module and a wireless charging transmitter module.

[0054] The carrying structure is carried by the athlete and is used to place the power module, control module and wireless charging transmitter module;

[0055] The power module is used to supply power to the control module and the wireless charging transmitter module;

[0056] The control module is used to send control signals to the wireless charging transmitter module, control the entire wireless charging process, and communicate with the drone receiving device;

[0057] The wireless charging transmitter module is used to receive a control signal and convert direct current into wireless energy;

[0058] The drone receiving device is installed on the drone and is used to receive wireless energy to charge the drone battery.

[0059] The backpack wireless charging device also includes a heat dissipation module for dissipating heat generated during wireless charging; the backpack wireless charging device also includes a plurality of NTC thermistor temperature sensors.

[0060] The control module also includes a first positioning unit and a first communication unit. The first positioning unit is used to establish a positioning and ranging link with the drone receiving device, and the first communication unit is used to communicate with the drone receiving device.

[0061] The backpack wireless charging device is carried by the athlete and provides wireless power to the drone. The power module uses a high-energy-density battery (such as a lithium battery or a solid-state battery) to provide power to the entire system; the wireless charging transmitter module includes a power amplifier and a transmitting coil, which is used to receive the control signal from the control module, convert DC power into high-frequency AC power and generate an alternating magnetic field for wireless energy transmission. Magnetic resonance wireless charging technology is used to improve transmission efficiency and distance; the heat dissipation module includes a fan, a heat sink, etc., which is used to dissipate the heat generated during the wireless charging process and ensure stable operation of the system; the control module controls the entire wireless charging process, monitors the charging status, adjusts the output power, and communicates with the drone receiving device; for this purpose, the control module is integrated with or connected to a first communication unit (such as an onboard Bluetooth module) and a corresponding antenna. The backpack structure is ergonomically designed, lightweight and comfortable, and can stably fix the charging device on the athlete's back without affecting exercise.

[0062] The drone receiving device includes a second housing, a receiving coil, a second resonant capacitor, a rectifier filter circuit, and a charging management module. The second housing is installed at the bottom of the drone to fix the modules.

[0063] The receiving coil is fixed to the bottom of the second housing and is close to the inner wall of the second housing, and is used to receive the wireless energy transmitted by the backpack wireless charging device; the two terminals of the receiving coil are connected to the AC input end of the rectifier and filter circuit through Litz wire welding pieces;

[0064] The second resonant capacitor is welded near the two terminals of the receiving coil and forms a resonant circuit with the receiving coil;

[0065] The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert wireless power into direct current, and the DC output terminal is connected to the DC input terminal of the charging management module through a wire;

[0066] The charging management module is used to control the charging current and voltage of the drone, and the charging output end is connected to the battery interface of the drone through a wiring harness.

[0067] The drone receiving device also includes a positioning module and a communication module.

[0068] The positioning module is used to assist the UAV in docking with the backpack wireless charging device using UWB positioning technology;

[0069] The communication module is used to communicate with the charging management module through the SPI interface and communicate with the control module of the backpack wireless charging device to exchange information including charging status and control instructions.

[0070] The drone receiving device is installed on the bottom of the drone or other suitable location to receive drone power and charge the drone battery.

[0071] The receiving coil is used to receive the alternating magnetic field emitted by the backpack wireless charging device; the rectifier and filter circuit converts the received AC power into stable DC power; the charging management module controls the charging current and voltage to protect the drone battery from overcharging and over-discharging; the positioning module uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band) high-precision positioning technology to assist the drone in accurately docking with the backpack wireless charging device and improve charging efficiency; the communication module communicates with the control module of the backpack wireless charging device (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi), etc., to exchange information such as charging status and control instructions.

[0072] The drone needs to be modified to be able to install the drone receiving device.

[0073] Example:

[0074] While running, the athlete uses a DJI Mavic 3pro drone to follow the athlete. The athlete carries a backpack wireless charging device, and a drone receiver is installed on the bottom of the DJI Mavic 3pro drone. When the drone battery power is lower than the preset threshold, the drone flies close to the backpack wireless charging device, enters the wireless charging area, and performs wireless charging.

[0075] The backpack wireless charging device of this embodiment includes a backpack structure 20 , a power module 21 , a control module 22 , a heat dissipation module 23 , and a wireless charging transmitter module 24 .

[0076] 1) The back structure 20 (the main frame of the back structure) is made of lightweight carbon fiber composite material, providing a high-strength and low-weight support skeleton. The overall design conforms to the curve of the human back and features internal compartments and standardized mounting interfaces (such as threaded holes 203 and slide rail structures 204) for securing the internal electronic modules. For example, the metal shielding boxes of the power module 21 and control module 22 can be screwed into place via pre-set screw holes on their bottoms and corresponding threaded holes 203 on the main frame of the back structure. The power amplifier PCB and ferrite shielding plate of the wireless charging transmitter module 24 can be secured to designated areas of the main frame using customized brackets or clips. If relative position adjustment or quick assembly and disassembly between modules is required, a small slide rail structure 204 can be designed to facilitate sliding installation and locking. The carrying structure includes shoulder straps 201 and a waist belt 202 made of thickened, breathable mesh material, padded with highly elastic cushioning foam. The shoulder straps and waist belt are adjustable in length and feature a chest buckle 205 to distribute the load, ensuring stability and comfort during exercise. The first shell, a frame covered with wear-resistant, waterproof nylon or polyester fabric, protects the internal components. Necessary ventilation ports (inlet 206, typically on the bottom or side, and outlet 207, on the top or side) are provided to work in conjunction with the heat dissipation module. Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a backpack wireless charging device (45° perspective angle).

[0077] 2) Power module 21, a 10000mAh lithium polymer battery pack equipped with a 6S2P integrated BMS (Battery Monitoring and Management System), including a power switch; fixed in the lower area inside the backpack structure 20, close to the user's back, using the battery weight to optimize the overall center of gravity and improve backpack stability. Shock-absorbing gaskets are used during installation to reduce the impact of movement shock on the battery. The battery pack is encapsulated in a flame-retardant hard plastic shell. It is connected to the power amplifier 241 of the wireless charging transmitter module 24 and the power input terminal of the control module 22 through a pair of XT90 high-current connectors to provide the main power supply. The BMS is brought out through a JST-XH 7-pin balance charging interface (for external charging maintenance) and connected to the control module 22 through a Molex PicoBlade 4-pin connector to transmit information such as battery voltage, current, temperature and protection status.

[0078] 3) Control module 22, a multi-layer PCB circuit board with an STM32F407VGT6 microcontroller as its core processor, is fixed in the central area inside the backpack structure 20, typically above the power module 21, facilitating connections to other modules. It is installed in a metal shielded box to reduce electromagnetic interference. It communicates with the BMS of the power module 21 via the aforementioned Molex PicoBlade 4-pin connector. It connects to the power amplifier of the wireless charging transmitter module 24 via a shielded cable, transmitting PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) drive signals, enable signals, and receiving power feedback signals. It connects to the two fans of the cooling module 23 via a standard 4-pin PWM fan interface (compatible with PC fan interfaces), providing power and PWM speed control. It connects to multiple NTC thermistor temperature sensors via an XH2.54 2-pin interface. These sensors are located on the battery pack surface, the power amplifier heat sink, and near the transmitting coil. It connects to an antenna mounted on the top or side of the backpack structure 20 via the antenna interface of the onboard Bluetooth module (nRF52832). Connect to the UWB positioning module through the SPI interface.

[0079] 4) Heat dissipation module 23 consists of a custom-designed aluminum extruded heat sink fin assembly and two Noctua NF-A4x105VPWM 40mm fans. The heat sink fins are in close contact with the power amplifier 241 in the wireless charging transmitter module 24 and certain high-heat-generating chips on the control module 22, such as the main control MCU, through highly thermally conductive silicone grease or thermal pads. The two fans are fixed to one or both sides of the heat sink fins, forming a forced air cooling channel. The airflow path corresponds to the vents on the backpack structure 20. The 4-pin power and PWM control lines of the two fans are combined and connected to the control module 22 via a standard 4-pin PWM fan interface.

[0080] 5) Wireless charging transmitter module 24, primarily comprising a power amplifier 241 (PCB), a transmitter coil 242 (L_Tx), a ferrite shield, and a resonant capacitor. The power amplifier 241 is mounted near the control module 22, with its GaN power device area tightly bonded to the heat sink fins of the heat sink module 23 via a thermally conductive medium. The transmitter coil 242 (L_Tx) is a 15-turn planar spiral coil wound with 200 strands of AWG38 Litz wire, with a diameter of 150 mm. It is secured to the inside of the first outer shell of the backpack structure 20, facing the outside, and secured with high-temperature insulating tape or epoxy resin. A custom-shaped ferrite alternating magnetic field plate made of TDK PC95 material, approximately 3-5 mm thick, is placed closely to the inside of the transmitter coil 242 (L_Tx) (i.e., between the coil and the backpack's internal components) to shield the internal components from magnetic field interference and optimize the outward magnetic field distribution. Resonant capacitors, several high-Q C0G / NP0 ceramic capacitors are connected in parallel to form the required capacitance value and are directly soldered near the two lead terminals of the transmitting coil (L_Tx) to minimize the lead inductance. The power amplifier 241 receives a high current DC input from the main power distribution line through a high current pin connector. The power amplifier 241 is connected to the control module 22 through a shielded cable to receive control signals. The output of the power amplifier 241 is connected to the two terminals of the transmitting coil 242 (L_Tx) through a short and thick Litz wire solder tab. As shown above Figure 3 shown.

[0081] The drone receiving device of this embodiment is a compact integrated module, which is installed on the bottom of the drone. Figure 4 shown.

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, the drone receiving device mainly consists of a receiving coil 31 , a rectifier filter circuit 32 , a charging management module 33 , a positioning module 34 and a communication module 35 , and is encapsulated in a customized second housing 30 .

[0083] 1) Second housing 30 is made of lightweight, low-dielectric-loss engineering plastic (such as PEEK or PC / ABS alloy) via 3D printing or injection molding to minimize impact on wireless charging efficiency and positioning / communication signals. Its exterior and structural design conforms to the aerodynamic curves of the drone's underside, reducing flight drag. Precise internal slots, screw holes, and support structures secure the PCBs and coils. It secures to the designated mounting points on the drone's underside using snap-fits.

[0084] 2) The receiving coil 31 (L_rx) is a 15-turn planar spiral coil precision-wound with 150 strands of AWG40 Litz wire, with an outer diameter of 120 mm and an inner diameter of 40 mm. It is secured at the very bottom of the second housing 30, close to the inner wall, ensuring the closest possible distance and optimal alignment with the backpack's transmitting coil. The resonant capacitors, consisting of several high-Q C0G / NP0 ceramic capacitors connected in parallel, are soldered directly to the two lead pads of the coil, forming a 135 kHz resonant circuit and minimizing parasitic inductance. The two leads of the coil are connected to the AC input of the rectifier and filter circuit 32 via short, thick Litz wire solder tabs.

[0085] 3) Rectification and filtering circuit 32: A small, multi-layer PCB circuit board employs a high-efficiency synchronous rectification topology. Core components include a low-on-resistance MOSFET (such as the Vishay SiR870ADP) and its driver circuit, a 10uH power inductor, and a 470uF low-ESR solid-state capacitor. The PCB is located close to the connection point of the receiving coil 31 to shorten the high-frequency AC path. The AC input receives high-frequency AC power from the receiving coil 31 via a solder pad. The DC output is connected to the DC input of the charging management module 33 via a short, thick wire.

[0086] 4) The charging management module 33 is another core PCB circuit board. The main control chip is the Texas Instruments BQ25713 buck-boost battery charging controller, supplemented by necessary sampling resistors, protection components and microcontrollers installed above or next to the rectifier and filter circuit 32. Considering the heat dissipation requirements, the second shell 30 is used for heat conduction. The DC input terminal receives DC power from the rectifier and filter circuit 32 through a short thick wire. The charging output terminal 302 is connected to the battery interface of the drone through a short harness with a customized connector. The I2C communication line and power line are led out through a flight control communication interface 301 (JST-GH 4-pin) for communication with the drone's original flight control system.

[0087] The UWB positioning module 34 uses the Decawave DWM1001 module, which integrates a UWB chip, an MCU, Bluetooth, and an onboard antenna. It is fixed to the PCB of the charging management module 33 and communicates with the microcontroller on the charging management module 33 via the SPI interface, transmitting ranging data.

[0088] The BLE communication module (BLE) 35 directly uses the UWB module to provide BLE functions, uses the UWB module's onboard ceramic antenna, and integrates the chip on the UWB module. It is internally connected to the system main control through PCB traces.

[0089] Wireless charging principle:

[0090] like Figure 6As shown, the wireless charging system for a UAV in a motion scenario described in this embodiment uses magnetic resonance coupling wireless energy transmission technology to achieve energy transmission over longer distances, with higher efficiency and better tolerance to displacement and angular deviation compared to traditional electromagnetic induction technology. This is crucial for the dynamically changing relative positions of the UAV and backpack wireless charging device in motion scenarios. Its core principle is based on the resonance phenomenon in physics. The system mainly consists of two key components: a transmitter resonant circuit (Tx) located in the backpack wireless charging device and a receiver resonant circuit (Rx) located in the UAV receiving device.

[0091] During energy transmission, the power amplifier in the backpack generates a high-frequency AC current precisely equal to the resonant frequency f1 (135kHz). This high-frequency AC current is fed into the transmitter's resonant circuit (Tx). Because the drive frequency is equal to its natural resonant frequency, the transmitting circuit resonates, generating a strongly oscillating, non-radiative magnetic field around its inductive element, the transmitting coil (L_tx), confined to the near field.

[0092] 2) Resonant coupling transmission of energy. When the receiving resonant circuit (Rx) carried by the drone enters the range of the oscillating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil (L_tx), the receiving circuit will produce strong magnetic resonance coupling with the transmitting circuit because the inherent resonant frequency f2 of the receiving circuit is also equal to the oscillation frequency of the magnetic field (f2 = f1). This resonant coupling effect allows energy to be efficiently transferred from the transmitting coil (L_tx) to the receiving coil (L_rx) through the oscillating magnetic field even if the physical distance between the two coils is relatively far and there is a certain angle or position deviation. Compared with traditional electromagnetic induction that relies on tight magnetic flux coupling, magnetic resonance coupling is less sensitive to distance and alignment. In the resonant state, a significant high-frequency AC current will be induced in the receiving coil (L_rx).

[0093] 3) Energy Reception and Utilization: The high-frequency AC power induced in the receiving coil (L_rx) is then fed into the rectifier and filter circuit 32. This circuit converts the high-frequency AC power into stable and smooth DC power. This DC power is ultimately fed into the charging management module 33 for safe and efficient charging of the drone's battery.

[0094] Resonantly enhanced coupling achieves relatively high energy transmission efficiency over distances of tens of centimeters, with a reasonable tolerance for lateral displacement and angular deviation between coils, making it more suitable for dynamic motion scenarios. Energy is primarily transferred between the transmitting and receiving circuits, which have the same resonant frequency. Surrounding non-resonant objects (such as human tissue and air) absorb very little energy, improving safety and reducing energy waste.

[0095] A second embodiment of the present application discloses a method for wirelessly charging a drone in a sports scenario, which is applied to the aforementioned wireless charging system for a drone in a sports scenario, including:

[0096] Step 1: The athlete carries the wireless charging device and turns on the power supply;

[0097] Step 2: The drone takes off and establishes a connection with the backpack wireless charging device;

[0098] Step 3: The drone flies close to the backpack wireless charging device and enters the wireless charging area;

[0099] Step 4: The wireless charging transmitter module generates radio energy, and the drone receiving device receives the radio energy and converts it into direct current to charge the drone battery.

[0100] The invention also includes step 5, wherein the control module and the charging management module work together to control the charging process;

[0101] The control module monitors the battery voltage, current and temperature of the power module in real time, monitors the output power, efficiency and temperature of the wireless charging transmitter module in real time, monitors the relative position and attitude of the drone, and receives the status information of the drone;

[0102] The charging management module monitors the input voltage, current, and temperature of the battery in real time, as well as the charging voltage, current, and battery temperature output to the drone battery, and periodically sends status information to the control module.

[0103] The control module adjusts the wireless charging transmission power based on the received drone battery status and the requirements of the charging management module; if it detects that the drone is deviating from the optimal charging position, it sends fine-tuning instructions to the flight control to guide the drone to correct its position and attitude.

[0104] Example:

[0105] Step 1: The athlete carries the wireless charging device and turns on the power supply;

[0106] Step 2: The drone takes off and establishes a positioning and ranging link and a data communication connection with the corresponding modules of the backpack wireless charging device through its positioning module and communication module respectively;

[0107] Step 3: The drone flies close to the backpack wireless charging device and enters the wireless charging area (determined by the effective distance of the magnetic resonance radio);

[0108] Step 4: The transmitting module of the backpack wireless charging device generates an alternating magnetic field, and the receiving coil of the drone receiving device induces current;

[0109] Step 5: The rectifier and filter circuit converts AC power into DC power to charge the drone battery.

[0110] Step 6: The control module and the charging management module work together to control the charging process and ensure safe and stable charging.

[0111] Step 7: The drone continues to receive power during flight to achieve long-term endurance.

[0112] The wireless charging method for drones in motion scenarios described in this embodiment is intended to ensure a safe, efficient and automated charging process. Figure 7 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0113] 1) START (system startup)

[0114] The user starts the backpack wireless charging device (via the power switch), the drone turns on and completes a self-test, and the control module and receiving device of the backpack wireless charging device respectively execute initialization procedures.

[0115] 2) Initialization

[0116] The backpack wireless charging device control module performs a self-test, checking the power module, heat dissipation module, wireless charging transmitter module, UWB positioning module, and BLE communication module for proper function. The system is confirmed to be in standby mode. The receiving device / flight control unit initializes the charging management module, UWB positioning module, and BLE communication module. Internal communication is established with the drone's flight control unit to confirm the drone's battery status and flight readiness.

[0117] 3) Establish a connection

[0118] The backpack wireless charger's UWB positioning module and the receiver's UWB positioning module begin two-way ranging (TWR) communication to establish an initial relative position. The backpack wireless charger's BLE module and the receiver's BLE module perform pairing and connection procedures, establishing a secure GATT (Generic Attribute Profile) connection for subsequent transmission of status information and control commands.

[0119] 4) Drone approaching

[0120] Once UWB positioning is established, the backpack wireless charging device's control module calculates the optimal wireless charging area relative to itself based on real-time ranging information. This target area information is transmitted to the drone's receiver via BLE communication. The drone's receiver then passes this information on to the drone's flight control. Based on its current location and the received target area information, the drone's flight control autonomously plans and executes a flight path, controlling the drone to fly toward and enter the charging area.

[0121] 5) Coil alignment

[0122] Once the drone enters the approximate charging area, the UWB positioning module provides more precise relative position and attitude information. The backpack wireless charger's control module uses real-time UWB data to calculate the precise relative position and attitude required for optimal coupling efficiency. This precise relative position and attitude is transmitted to the receiving device via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and then passed to the flight controller. The drone's flight controller performs fine-grained attitude adjustments (pitch, roll, yaw, and altitude adjustments) to achieve optimal alignment between the receiving coil (L_rx) on the bottom of the drone and the transmitting coil (L_Tx) on the back of the backpack wireless charger. This process is dynamic and continuous.

[0123] 6) Start wireless charging

[0124] The backpack wireless charger's control module confirms that the UWB data indicates the drone has reached the optimal charging position and is stable. The control module sends a "ready to charge" signal to the drone's receiver via the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication module and waits for confirmation. The drone's receiver confirms the signal and responds, "ready to charge," via its own Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication module.

[0125] After receiving the confirmation, the control module of the backpack wireless charging device activates the power amplifier of the wireless charging transmitter module, drives the transmitting coil (L_Tx) to generate a high-frequency magnetic field at a resonant frequency of 135kHz, and starts to transmit energy to the drone.

[0126] 7) Monitoring (continuous cycle)

[0127] Backpack wireless charging device: Real-time monitoring of its own battery voltage, current, and temperature (via BMS and temperature sensor). Real-time monitoring of the wireless charging transmitter module's output power, efficiency, and temperature (via power sensor and temperature sensor). Continuously monitors the drone's relative position and attitude via the UWB positioning module to ensure it remains within the charging area. Receives status information from the drone via the BLE communication module.

[0128] Drone Receiver / Flight Control: The charging management module monitors the input voltage and current, as well as the charging voltage, current, and battery temperature output to the drone's battery in real time. The flight control monitors the drone's overall battery percentage (SoC, or State-of-Charge). The drone receiver monitors its own temperature (particularly around the receiver coil and rectifier filter circuits). Key status information (such as battery SoC, charging current, temperature, and whether power adjustment is needed) is periodically transmitted to the backpack wireless charger via the BLE communication module.

[0129] 8) Dynamic Adjustment

[0130] The backpack wireless charging device's control module dynamically adjusts the wireless charging transmission power based on the drone's battery status (such as SoC and voltage) and the requirements of the charging management module (such as whether it is in the constant current CC or constant voltage CV stage). At the same time, power is limited (overtemperature derating) based on the temperature monitoring results of itself or the drone's receiving device. If the UWB positioning module detects that the drone is deviating from the optimal charging position, the backpack wireless charging device will send fine-tuning instructions to the flight control through the BLE communication module to guide the drone to correct its position and attitude to maintain efficient charging.

[0131] 9) Judgment (Charging termination condition)

[0132] The control module of the backpack wireless charging device continuously checks the following conditions, and if any of the conditions is met, the charging process is stopped:

[0133] Whether the drone battery is fully charged: The charging management module of the drone receiving device detects that the battery is fully charged (or reaches a preset threshold) and notifies the backpack wireless charging device through the BLE communication module.

[0134] Is the drone far away? The UWB positioning module detects that the distance between the drone and the backpack wireless charging device exceeds the effective charging range, or the posture deviation is too large, resulting in a sharp drop in coupling efficiency.

[0135] Whether an abnormality occurs: The temperature of either the backpack wireless charging device or the drone receiving device is detected to be too high; overcurrent, overvoltage or short circuit fault is detected; the communication of the BLE communication module is interrupted for a long time; the positioning signal of the UWB positioning module is lost or the quality is seriously degraded; the power module BMS reports a serious fault; the user manually issues a stop command (for example, through the button on the backpack wireless charging device or the app).

[0136] 10) Stop charging

[0137] Once the stop condition is triggered, the control module of the backpack wireless charging device immediately turns off the power amplifier of the wireless charging transmitter module and stops energy transmission; sends a stop charging instruction and reason code (if possible) to the drone receiving device through the BLE communication module; the system records the stop event and reason; and the charging management module of the drone receiving device stops charging the battery.

[0138] 11)END (end of process)

[0139] The wireless charging process is complete. The system may enter standby mode, waiting for the next charging trigger, or shut down completely based on user instructions or system status (for example, the backpack wireless charging device is exhausted).

[0140] In a specific implementation, the present application provides a computer storage medium and a corresponding data processing unit, wherein the computer storage medium is capable of storing a computer program that, when executed by the data processing unit, can execute the invention content of the method for wireless charging of a drone in a motion scenario provided by the present invention and some or all of the steps in each embodiment. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

[0141] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by means of computer programs and their corresponding general hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in essence or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer program, i.e., a software product. The computer program software product can be stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling a device including a data processing unit (which can be a personal computer, server, single-chip microcomputer, MUU or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0142] The present invention provides a wireless charging system and method for drones in sports scenarios. While there are numerous methods and approaches for implementing this technical solution, the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely preferred. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Any components not specified in this embodiment may be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios, characterized by: It includes a backpack wireless charging device and a UAV receiving device. The backpack wireless charging device includes a backpack structure, a power module, a control module and a wireless charging transmitting module. The carrying structure is carried by the athlete and is used to place the power module, control module and wireless charging transmitter module; The power module is used to supply power to the control module and the wireless charging transmitter module; The control module is used to send control signals to the wireless charging transmitter module, control the entire wireless charging process, and communicate with the drone receiving device; The wireless charging transmitter module is used to receive a control signal and convert direct current into wireless energy; The drone receiving device is installed on the drone and is used to receive wireless energy to charge the drone battery.

2. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module is fixed to the lower area inside the backpack structure and installed in a flame-retardant hard plastic shell; the power module includes a high energy density battery; The control module is fixed to the middle area inside the backpack structure and installed in the metal shielding box; The power module is connected to the power input of the control module through the current connector and connected to the control module through the PicoBlade connector; The wireless charging transmitter module includes a power amplifier, a transmitting coil, and a first resonant capacitor. The power amplifier is located near the control module and receives direct current from the power module via a current pin connector. It is connected to the control module via a shielded cable to receive control signals. The output end is connected to the two terminals of the transmitting coil via a Litz wire solder lug. The transmitting coil is fixed to a position close to the outside of the backpack structure, with its inner side close to the ferrite shielding plate, and is used to convert direct current into wireless energy; The first resonant capacitor is welded near the two terminals of the transmitting coil and forms a resonant circuit with the transmitting coil.

3. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carrying structure includes a main body, a first shell, a vent, shoulder straps and a waist belt. The main body is made of carbon fiber composite material and is used to install various modules; the first shell covers the main body and is used to protect the modules in the main body; the vent is used for ventilation and heat dissipation; the shoulder straps and waist belt are made of thickened breathable mesh material and are used to fix the carrying structure to the athlete.

4. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 3, characterized in that: The backpack wireless charging device also includes a heat dissipation module for dissipating heat generated during wireless charging; The heat dissipation module includes a heat sink and a fan. The heat sink is an aluminum extruded heat sink fin group, and the heat sink fins are in contact with the power amplifier and the control module respectively; the fan is fixed on the side of the heat sink fin to form an air cooling channel, and the air flow path corresponds to the vent of the back structure; the fan is connected to the control module through a PWM fan interface.

5. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 4, characterized in that: The backpack wireless charging device also includes multiple NTC thermistor temperature sensors, which are connected to the control module via an XH2.54 2-pin interface; the multiple NTC thermistor temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the battery surface of the power module, on the heat sink fins in contact with the power amplifier, and near the transmitting coil.

6. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control module also includes a first positioning unit and a first communication unit. The first positioning unit is used to establish a positioning and ranging link with the drone receiving device, and the first communication unit is used to communicate with the drone receiving device.

7. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drone receiving device includes a second housing, a receiving coil, a second resonant capacitor, a rectifier filter circuit, and a charging management module. The second housing is installed at the bottom of the drone to fix the modules. The receiving coil is fixed to the bottom of the second housing and is close to the inner wall of the second housing, and is used to receive the wireless energy transmitted by the backpack wireless charging device; the two terminals of the receiving coil are connected to the AC input end of the rectifier and filter circuit through Litz wire welding pieces; The second resonant capacitor is welded near the two terminals of the receiving coil and forms a resonant circuit with the receiving coil; The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert wireless power into direct current, and the DC output terminal is connected to the DC input terminal of the charging management module through a wire; The charging management module is used to control the charging current and voltage of the drone, and the charging output end is connected to the battery interface of the drone through a wiring harness.

8. The wireless charging system for drones in sports scenarios according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drone receiving device also includes a positioning module and a communication module. The positioning module is used to assist the UAV in docking with the backpack wireless charging device using UWB positioning technology; The communication module is used to communicate with the charging management module through the SPI interface and communicate with the control module of the backpack wireless charging device to exchange information including charging status and control instructions.

9. A method for wirelessly charging a UAV in a sports scene, applied to a wireless charging system for a UAV in a sports scene according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Step 1: The athlete carries the wireless charging device and turns on the power supply; Step 2: The drone takes off and establishes a connection with the backpack wireless charging device; Step 3: The drone flies close to the backpack wireless charging device and enters the wireless charging area; Step 4: The wireless charging transmitter module generates radio energy, and the drone receiving device receives the radio energy and converts it into direct current to charge the drone battery.

10. The method for wireless charging of a UAV in a sports scene according to claim 9, characterized in that: The invention also includes step 5, wherein the control module and the charging management module work together to control the charging process; The control module monitors the battery voltage, current and temperature of the power module in real time, monitors the output power, efficiency and temperature of the wireless charging transmitter module in real time, monitors the relative position and attitude of the drone, and receives the status information of the drone; The charging management module monitors the input voltage, current, and temperature of the battery in real time, as well as the charging voltage, current, and battery temperature output to the drone battery, and periodically sends status information to the control module. The control module adjusts the wireless charging transmission power based on the received drone battery status and the requirements of the charging management module; if it detects that the drone is deviating from the optimal charging position, it sends fine-tuning instructions to the flight control to guide the drone to correct its position and attitude.

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