Anti-blocking and unblocking device and method for underground rock wall coal bunker

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal bunkers. In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, high risk, complicated structure of a mechanical device and incapability of preventing blockage in the existing coal bunker blockage clearing, the invention provides the blockage preventing and clearing device and method for the underground rock wall coal bunker, and the device comprises a coal bunker, a driving mechanism, a guide rod and an executing mechanism, the executing mechanism comprises a scraping assembly and a rotating assembly, the scraping assembly is provided with a scraping roller and a scraping unit, the scraping unit is arranged on the periphery of the scraping roller, the guide rod is connected with the coal bunker and the scraping roller, the rotating assembly comprises a protective barrel, a main shaft arranged in the protective barrel and a crushing unit arranged at the top of the protective barrel, and the main shaft is connected with the protective barrel and the scraping roller. The output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the bottom of the protection barrel so as to drive the executing mechanism to conduct axial displacement adjustment, and the scraping unit and the crushing unit are used for conducting blockage clearing or blockage preventing work on the coal bunker. The device is simple in structure, unblocking of the inner wall of the coal bunker and the coal sliding opening under various working conditions is achieved, and meanwhile anti-blocking work can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal bunkers, and in particular relates to a device and method for preventing and clearing blockages in underground rock wall coal bunkers. Background Art

[0002] Coal silos, core equipment for material storage and transportation, have long faced blockage challenges caused by coal quality and environmental factors. Peat and high moisture content in the coal increase its viscosity and deteriorate its fluidity, leading to problems such as silo wall adhesion and arching. Furthermore, the size difference between the feed opening and the feeder inlet can easily create dead zones, resulting in residual material buildup at the edges.

[0003] Existing blockage removal technologies, such as manual blockage removal, rotary scrapers, activated plows, and silo wall vibrators, can partially alleviate the problem, but they generally have limitations. Manual operation is inefficient and dangerous, while mechanical devices suffer from complex structures, severe wear, and incomplete blockage removal. Physical blockage removal equipment is limited by a fixed range, high energy consumption, and an inability to cope with random changes in blockage location. Furthermore, newer equipment such as air cannons suffer from limited range, high energy consumption, and a tendency to cause secondary compaction blockages. Ultrasonic crushing devices are limited by rapid energy decay, weak penetration, and poor equipment compatibility. Furthermore, these technologies are ineffective in preventing blockage in underground rock-wall coal bunkers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for clearing and preventing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunkers, which can realize the clearing and preventing blockage of coal bunkers with high efficiency.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a device for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker, comprising: coal bunker; A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being arranged at the coal chute of the coal bunker; A guide rod, the top of which is connected to the top of the coal bunker; The actuator comprises a scraping assembly and a rotating assembly, the scraping assembly comprises a scraping roller and a scraping unit, the scraping unit is arranged on the outer periphery of the scraping roller, and is used to scrape the inside of the coal bin and the bin wall, the interior of the scraping roller is a hollow structure, the bottom of the guide rod is movably arranged inside the scraping roller, the rotating assembly comprises a protective cylinder, a main shaft and a crushing unit, the main shaft is arranged in the protective cylinder, the crushing unit is arranged at the top of the protective cylinder and is connected to the end of the main shaft, the crushing unit is used to crush the coal material at the coal chute of the coal bin, the top of the main shaft is connected to the bottom of the scraping roller, the guide rod passes through the scraping roller and is connected to the main shaft, the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder, and the driving mechanism drives the actuator to adjust the axial displacement.

[0006] Optionally, the scraping unit includes a scraping blade and a rotating frame, the scraping blade is evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the scraping roller in a spiral shape, and the two ends of the rotating frame are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the scraping roller; Two scraper rollers are provided along the extension direction of the guide rod, each of the scraper rollers is provided with nine scraping blades and one rotating frame, and the bottom of the guide rod is movably provided in the scraper roller near the coal bunker; The distance between the end of the rotating frame close to the inner wall of the coal bunker and the inner wall of the coal bunker is 50~100 .

[0007] Optionally, the scraper roller is evenly provided with a plurality of annular reinforcement ribs along the vertical direction.

[0008] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder seat and a multi-stage telescopic portion, and the multi-stage telescopic portion includes a first-stage cylinder body, a second-stage cylinder body and a third-stage cylinder body arranged from the inside to the outside.

[0009] Optionally, the crushing unit includes a rotating cone and a plurality of blades, the rotating cone is arranged at the top of the main shaft, and a plurality of grooves are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the rotating cone, and the plurality of blades are respectively arranged on a plane between two adjacent grooves and are rotatably connected to the end of the plane close to the main shaft; A hydraulic motor is also provided in the protective cylinder, and an output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to the bottom of the main shaft; The bottom of the protective tube is connected to the protruding end of the first-stage cylinder.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting cylinder is connected to the top of the hydraulic motor, a supporting cylinder is provided inside the connecting cylinder, a bearing is provided on the top of the supporting cylinder, a bushing is provided between the bearing and the rotating cone, and the bushing is key-connected to the rotating cone.

[0011] Optionally, the top of the rotating cone is connected to a connecting ring via a locking nut, and the guide rod is detachably connected to the main shaft via the connecting ring.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker, which is based on any of the above-mentioned devices for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker, and includes the following steps: S1. Positioning the scraping assembly and the rotating assembly to the blocked area through the driving mechanism; S2. Selecting a clearing mode according to the coal bunker blockage type; S21, adhesion working condition: starting the scraping assembly to scrape the coal material adhered to the bunker wall at a low speed through the scraping unit; S22, arching working condition: starting the scraping assembly to clear the arching blockage area through the scraping unit; S23, bulk material working condition: start the rotating assembly and use the crushing unit to crush the bulk coal at high speed; S3. After the blockage clearing work is completed, the system switches to the anti-blockage working mode for continuous operation, starts the scraping assembly and the rotating assembly, and the scraping unit and the crushing unit rotate at a low speed to prevent coal material from being blocked.

[0013] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The embodiment of the present invention provides a device and method for preventing and clearing blockages in an underground rock wall coal bunker. The device has a simple structure. By setting a connected scraping assembly and a rotating assembly, the driving mechanism can drive the scraping assembly and the rotating assembly to be positioned in the blocked area of ​​the coal bunker. The hydraulic motor can drive the scraping assembly and the rotating assembly to rotate at the same speed at the same time, so as to scrape the coal material inside and on the inner wall of the coal bunker, and crush the large pieces of coal material at the coal chute of the coal bunker, thereby improving the efficiency of clearing blockages in the coal bunker and reducing the risk of manual operation. At the same time, after the clearing work is completed, it can be switched to the anti-blocking working mode for continuous operation. The hydraulic motor drives the scraping assembly and the rotating assembly to rotate continuously at a low speed, thereby continuously crushing the coal material inside, on the inner wall and at the coal chute of the coal bunker, thereby achieving an anti-blocking effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a device for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a scraping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the AA axis; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the driving mechanism lifting according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0017] Among them, 1. Coal bunker; 2. Scraping assembly; 2.1. Rotating frame; 2.2. Scraping blade; 2.3. Scraping roller; 2.4. Reinforcement rib; 3. Driving mechanism; 3.1. Hydraulic cylinder seat; 3.2. Protective cap; 3.3. Third-stage cylinder body; 3.4. Second-stage cylinder body; 3.5. First-stage cylinder body; 4. Rotating assembly; 4.1. Connecting ring; 4.2. Locking nut; 4.3. Blade; 4.4. Rotating cone; 4.5. Bushing; 4.6. Support tube; 4.7. Connecting tube; 4.8. Protective tube; 4.9. Hydraulic motor; 4.10. Bearing; 4.11. Main shaft; 5. Guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0019] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 7As described above, the first aspect of the present invention provides a device for preventing and clearing blockages in underground rock wall coal bunkers, comprising a coal bunker 1, a driving mechanism 3, a guide rod 5 and an actuator. The coal bunker 1 is a rock wall coal bunker, and the actuator comprises a scraping assembly 2 and a rotating assembly 4.

[0021] Among them, reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism 3 is arranged at the coal chute of the coal bunker 1. The driving mechanism 3 is a hydraulic telescopic cylinder. The driving mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder seat 3.1 and a multi-stage telescopic part. The multi-stage telescopic part includes a first-stage cylinder body 3.5, a second-stage cylinder body 3.4 and a third-stage cylinder body 3.3 arranged from the inside to the outside, that is, the third-stage cylinder body 3.3 is located on the inner side of the hydraulic cylinder seat 3.1, the second-stage cylinder body 3.4 is located on the inner side of the third-stage cylinder body 3.3, and the first-stage cylinder body 3.5 is located on the inner side of the second-stage cylinder body 3.4. The outer periphery of the hydraulic cylinder seat 3.1 is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and protective caps 3.2 are provided on the oil inlet and the oil outlet to prevent external debris from entering the cylinder body and causing damage to the driving mechanism 3.

[0022] Further, refer to Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the scraping assembly 2 includes a scraping roller 2.3 and a scraping unit. The scraping unit is arranged on the outer periphery of the scraping roller 2.3 and is used to scrape the interior of the coal bunker 1 and the bunker wall. Specifically, the scraping unit includes a scraper 2.2 and a rotating frame 2.1. The scraper 2.2 is uniformly welded to the outer periphery of the scraping roller 2.3 in a spiral shape. Two scraping rollers 2.3 are provided along the extension direction of the guide rod 5. The interior of the scraping roller 2.3 near the coal bunker 1 is a hollow structure. The top of the guide rod 5 is connected to the top of the coal bunker 1, and the bottom of the guide rod 5 is movably arranged in the scraping roller 2.3 near the coal bunker 1, so that the scraping assembly 2 It can move along the extension direction of the guide rod 5, and the guide rod 5 does not rotate with the scraping assembly 2. The rotating frame 2.1 is in the shape of a "mouth". The two ends of the rotating frame 2.1 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the scraping roller 2.3. Each scraping roller 2.3 is provided with nine scrapers 2.2 and a rotating frame 2.1. The rotating frame 2.1 is made of a material with a high elastic modulus and a high yield strength, preferably 30CrMnSiA, so that the rotating frame 2.1 can withstand extreme loads after heat treatment. The distance between the end of the rotating frame 2.1 close to the inner wall of the coal bunker 1 and the inner wall of the coal bunker 1 is 50~100 To prevent too much coal from adhering to the wall of coal bunker 1.

[0023] In order to further improve the strength of the multiple scrapers 2.2 on each scraper roller 2.3, the scraper roller 2.3 is evenly provided with a number of annular reinforcement ribs 2.4 in the vertical direction. Specifically, there are seven reinforcement ribs 2.4 evenly arranged in the vertical direction of the scraper roller 2.3, and the seven reinforcement ribs 2.4 are welded to the outer periphery of the scraper roller 2.3 in a ring shape to combine and reinforce the nine scrapers 2.2, thereby improving the ability of the scraper blades 2.2 to clear the arch blockage area.

[0024] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotating assembly 4 includes a protective cylinder 4.8, a main shaft 4.11 and a crushing unit. The main shaft 4.11 is arranged in the protective cylinder 4.8. The crushing unit is arranged at the top of the protective cylinder 4.8 and is connected to the end of the main shaft 4.11. The crushing unit is used to crush the coal at the coal chute of the coal bunker 1. The top of the main shaft 4.11 is connected to the bottom of the scraper roller 2.3 arranged away from the coal bunker 1. The output end of the drive mechanism 3 is connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder 4.8, that is, the protruding end of the first-stage cylinder 3.5 is connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder 4.8. Specifically, the crushing unit includes a rotating cone 4.4 and a plurality of blades 4.3. The rotating cone 4.4 is arranged at the top of the main shaft 4.11, and the outer surface of the rotating cone 4.4 is evenly provided with a plurality of grooves. The plurality of blades 4.3 .3 are respectively arranged on the plane between two adjacent grooves and are rotatably connected to the end of the plane close to the main shaft 4.11. Compared with setting the blade 4.3 in the groove, it can prevent the coal from sticking and causing the blade 4.3 to be blocked in the groove during high-speed rotation and unable to rotate and unfold. A hydraulic motor 4.9 is also provided in the protective tube 4.8. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 4.9 is connected to the bottom of the main shaft 4.11. The hydraulic motor 4.9 converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the main shaft 4.11 and the rotating cone 4.4 to rotate. Twenty-four blades 4.3 are provided. The rotating cone 4.4 is a rotating component of the rotating assembly 4. When rotating at high speed, several blades 4.3 are rotated by the action of centrifugal force, thereby crushing large pieces of coal and achieving clearing.

[0025] Furthermore, the top of the hydraulic motor 4.9 is connected to a connecting cylinder 4.7, and a supporting cylinder 4.6 is provided inside the connecting cylinder 4.7. The connecting cylinder 4.7 serves as an intermediate transition component and can connect the hydraulic motor 4.9 and the main body of the rotating assembly 4 to transmit the rotational power of the hydraulic motor 4.9 to the supporting cylinder 4.6 and the rotating cone 4.4. The top of the supporting cylinder 4.6 is provided with a bearing 4.10, and the supporting cylinder 4.6 provides rigid support for the bearing 4.10 and the rotating cone 4.4, ensuring the stability of the rotating assembly 4 and being able to withstand the weight of the rotating cone 4.4 and the blade 4.3. Working load, to prevent the rotating component 4 from deforming, a bushing 4.5 is provided between the bearing 4.10 and the rotating cone 4.4, and the bushing 4.5 is key-connected to the rotating cone 4.4. The bearing 4.10 is installed between the support tube 4.6 and the bushing 4.5, and reduces friction through lubrication, supports the rotational movement of the rotating cone 4.4, ensures the rotation accuracy of the rotating cone 4.4, and reduces vibration and noise. The bushing 4.5 reduces the friction between the rotating cone 4.4 and the bearing 4.10 through the smooth surface, and is used to withstand the rotational pressure of the rotating cone 4.4 and protect the contact surface between the bearing 4.10 and the rotating cone.

[0026] Furthermore, the top of the rotating cone 4.4 is connected to a connecting ring 4.1 via a locking nut 4.2. The bottom of the scraper roller 2.3, located away from the coal bunker 1, is detachably connected to the main shaft 4.11 via the connecting ring 4.1. Specifically, the connecting ring 4.1 is located at the top of the entire rotating assembly 4 and directly connects to the bottom of the scraper roller 2.3. It serves to transmit rotational motion and force, ensuring the coaxiality of the rotating assembly 4 and the scraper assembly 2, and preventing deviation.

[0027] The structure of this device is simple. By setting a connected scraping assembly 2 and a rotating assembly 4, the driving mechanism 3 can drive the scraping assembly 2 and the rotating assembly 4 to be positioned to the blocked area of ​​the coal bunker 1. The hydraulic motor 4.9 can drive the rotating cone 4.4 and the scraper roller 2.3 to rotate at the same speed at the same time, thereby driving the blade 4.3, the rotating frame 2.1 and the scraper 2.2 to rotate simultaneously and at the same speed. The rotating frame 2.1 can scrape the coal material on the inner wall of the coal bunker 1, the scraper 2.2 can scrape the coal material inside the coal bunker 1, and the blade 4.3 can crush the large pieces of coal material at the coal chute of the coal bunker 1, thereby improving the efficiency of clearing the blockage of the coal bunker 1 and reducing the risk of manual operation. At the same time, after the blockage clearing work is completed, it can also switch to the anti-blocking working mode for continuous operation. The hydraulic motor 4.9 drives the scraping assembly 2 and the rotating assembly 4 to rotate continuously at a low speed, thereby continuously crushing the coal material inside the coal bunker 1, on the inner wall and at the coal chute, thereby achieving the anti-blocking effect.

[0028] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker, which is based on the above-mentioned device for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker and includes the following steps: S1. Position the scraping assembly 2 and the rotating assembly 4 to the blocked area through the driving mechanism 3. Specifically, the coal bunker 1 is visible. Start the driving mechanism 3 to drive the rotating assembly 4 to move along the extension direction of the guide rod 5. At the same time, the rotating assembly 4 drives the scraping assembly 2 to move along the extension direction of the guide rod 5 until the scraping assembly 2 and the rotating assembly 4 reach the blocked position. S2. Select the clearing mode according to the blockage type of coal bunker 1; S21, Adhesion working condition: Start scraping assembly 2, and use the scraping unit to scrape the coal material adhering to the silo wall of coal bunker 1 at a low speed. Specifically, start hydraulic motor 4.9, and main shaft 4.11 transmits the rotational power of hydraulic motor 4.9 to scraping assembly 2, causing rotating frame 2.1 to rotate to scrape the coal material adhering to the silo wall. The speed of hydraulic motor 4.9 is 5-10 rpm. S22, arching working condition: Start the scraping assembly 2 and clear the blockage at the arching blockage area through the scraping unit. Specifically, start the hydraulic motor 4.9. The main shaft 4.11 transmits the rotational power of the hydraulic motor 4.9 to the scraping assembly 2. The rotating frame 2.1 and the scraper 2.2 rotate together to clear the coal blockage at the arching blockage area. S23. Large-lump material working condition: Start the rotating assembly 4, and use the crushing unit to crush the large-lump coal at high speed. Specifically, start the hydraulic motor 4.9, and the main shaft 4.11 transmits the rotational power of the hydraulic motor 4.9 to the rotating cone 4.4. The blades 4.3 on the rotating cone 4.4 crush the large-lump coal by rotating at high speed to clear the blockage. The speed of the hydraulic motor 4.9 is 90-110 rpm. S3. After the blockage clearing operation is completed, the system switches to the anti-blockage operation mode and continues to operate. The scraping assembly 2 and the rotating assembly 4 are started, and the scraping unit and the crushing unit rotate at a low speed to prevent coal blockage. Specifically, when the coal flow in the coal bunker 1 is normal, the hydraulic motor 4.9 is started, and the main shaft 4.11 transmits the rotational power of the hydraulic motor 4.9 to the rotating cone 4.4 and the scraping assembly 2. The rotating frame 2.1, the scraper 2.2, and the blade 4.3 rotate together at a low speed to prevent coal blockage.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0030] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present invention, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be construed in the widest possible manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker, characterized in that: include: coal bunker (1); A driving mechanism (3), the driving mechanism (3) being arranged at the coal chute of the coal bunker (1); A guide rod (5), the top of the guide rod (5) being connected to the top of the coal bin (1); An actuator, the actuator comprising a scraping assembly (2) and a rotating assembly (4), the scraping assembly (2) comprising a scraping roller (2.3) and a scraping unit, the scraping unit being arranged on the periphery of the scraping roller (2.3) and being used for scraping the interior of the coal bunker (1) and the bunker wall, the interior of the scraping roller (2.3) being a hollow structure, the bottom of the guide rod (5) being movably arranged inside the scraping roller (2.3), the rotating assembly (4) comprising a protective cylinder (4.8), a main shaft (4.11) and a crushing unit, The main shaft (4.11) is arranged in the protective cylinder (4.8), the crushing unit is arranged at the top of the protective cylinder (4.8) and is connected to the end of the main shaft (4.11), and the crushing unit is used to crush the coal at the coal chute of the coal bunker (1). The top of the main shaft (4.11) is connected to the bottom of the scraper roller (2.3), and the output end of the driving mechanism (3) is connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder (4.8). The driving mechanism (3) drives the actuator to adjust the axial displacement.

2. The device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping unit comprises a scraper (2.2) and a rotating frame (2.1); the scraper (2.2) is evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the scraping roller (2.3) in a spiral shape; and the two ends of the rotating frame (2.1) are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the scraping roller (2.3); Two scraper rollers (2.3) are provided along the extension direction of the guide rod (5), each scraper roller (2.3) is provided with nine scraper blades (2.2) and one rotating frame (2.1), and the bottom of the guide rod (5) is movably provided in the scraper roller (2.3) near the coal bin (1); The distance between the end of the rotating frame (2.1) close to the inner wall of the coal bunker (1) and the inner wall of the coal bunker (1) is 50 to 100 .

3. The device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraping roller (2.3) is evenly provided with a plurality of annular reinforcement ribs (2.4) along the vertical direction.

4. A device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (3) comprises a hydraulic cylinder seat (3.1) and a multi-stage telescopic portion, wherein the multi-stage telescopic portion comprises a first-stage cylinder body (3.5), a second-stage cylinder body (3.4), and a third-stage cylinder body (3.3) arranged from the inside out.

5. The device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing unit comprises a rotating cone (4.4) and a plurality of blades (4.3); the rotating cone (4.4) is arranged at the top of the main shaft (4.11), and a plurality of grooves are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the rotating cone (4.4); the plurality of blades (4.3) are respectively arranged on a plane between two adjacent grooves and are rotatably connected to the end of the plane close to the main shaft (4.11); A hydraulic motor (4.9) is also provided in the protective cylinder (4.8), and an output shaft of the hydraulic motor (4.9) is connected to the bottom of the main shaft (4.11); The bottom of the protective tube (4.8) is connected to the protruding end of the first-stage cylinder (3.5).

6. The device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the hydraulic motor (4.9) is connected to a connecting cylinder (4.7), a supporting cylinder (4.6) is provided inside the connecting cylinder (4.7), a bearing shell (4.10) is provided on the top of the supporting cylinder (4.6), a bushing (4.5) is provided between the bearing shell (4.10) and the rotating cone (4.4), and the bushing (4.5) is key-connected to the rotating cone (4.4).

7. The device for preventing and clearing blockage in underground rock wall coal bunker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the rotating cone (4.4) is connected to a connecting ring (4.1) via a locking nut (4.2), and the guide rod (5) is detachably connected to the main shaft (4.11) via the connecting ring (4.1).

8. A method for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker, based on the device for preventing and clearing blockage in an underground rock wall coal bunker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, positioning the scraping assembly (2) and the rotating assembly (4) to the blocked area via the driving mechanism (3); S2, selecting a clearing working mode according to the blockage type of the coal bunker (1); S21, adhesion working condition: starting the scraping assembly (2) and scraping the coal material adhered to the bunker wall of the coal bunker (1) at a low speed through the scraping unit; S22, arching working condition: starting the scraping assembly (2) and clearing the arching blockage area through the scraping unit; S23, bulk material working condition: start the rotating assembly (4) and crush the bulk coal material at high speed through the crushing unit; S3. After the blockage clearing work is completed, the system switches to the anti-blockage working mode and continues to operate. The scraping assembly (2) and the rotating assembly (4) are started, and the scraping unit and the crushing unit rotate at a low speed to prevent coal material from blocking.

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