Pore floating breakwater

Abstract

The invention provides a pore floating breakwater which comprises a breakwater body (100), the breakwater body (100) comprises a plurality of pore plates (1), the pore plates (1) are connected with one another to form a plurality of cavities (2), through holes (3) are formed in the wall face of each cavity (2), and the cavities (2) form a cavity matrix; and a plurality of filling bodies (4), the filling bodies (4) are accommodated in the cavity (2) at the middle part of the breakwater main body (100) in the head wave direction (Y), so that the porosity of the middle part of the breakwater main body (100) in the head wave direction is smaller than the porosity of the front side part and the rear side part of the breakwater main body (100) in the head wave direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of breakwaters, and in particular relates to a porous floating breakwater. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of coastal and marine resource development, the demand for marine space utilization has increased significantly, and the construction of marine engineering facilities has become increasingly frequent. Breakwaters have become a vital facility for protecting coastal and marine infrastructure. Traditional fixed breakwaters, especially in deepwater and offshore environments, are facing challenges such as large engineering workloads, high construction difficulty, high costs, and significant ecological impacts, gradually exposing their limitations.

[0003] The porous floating breakwater is a new type of breakwater. Its unique porous structure significantly enhances turbulence and viscous dissipation within waves, significantly reducing the energy of transmitted waves while improving the breakwater's motion response. Furthermore, the porous structure helps reduce wave reflections, protecting the nearshore ecosystem.

[0004] Currently, porous floating breakwaters lack a clear configuration and are typically assembled from various porous materials. While these porous floating breakwaters can mitigate waves under certain wave conditions, their fixed porosity makes them ineffective in varying wave conditions. Excessively large porosity allows short waves to pass directly through the breakwater, while excessively small porosity creates significant flow resistance and increases structural loads. Furthermore, in actual projects, these breakwaters present difficulties in construction and high customization costs.

[0005] In addition, the mooring methods usually used for porous floating breakwaters are tension mooring or catenary mooring. The use of tension mooring will make the breakwater unable to adapt to changes in tidal range, and the use of catenary mooring will reduce the wave absorption performance of the breakwater. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application aims to propose a porous floating breakwater to solve or alleviate at least one problem existing in the background technology.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides a porous floating breakwater, including a breakwater body, wherein the breakwater body includes:

[0008] A plurality of orifice plates, wherein the plurality of orifice plates are interconnected to form a plurality of cavities, wherein a wall surface of each cavity is provided with a through hole, and the plurality of cavities constitute a cavity matrix; and

[0009] Multiple filling bodies are accommodated in the cavity in the middle part of the breakwater body in the wave-facing direction, so that the porosity of the middle part of the breakwater body in the wave-facing direction is smaller than the porosity of the front side and the rear side of the breakwater body in the wave-facing direction.

[0010] In at least one possible embodiment, the overall porosity of the breakwater body is greater than or equal to 60%, and the porosity of a middle portion of the breakwater body in the wave-facing direction is 30% to 50%.

[0011] In at least one possible embodiment, the filling body is a hollow sphere.

[0012] In at least one possible embodiment, the through hole is a circular hole, and the diameter of the filling body is 1.3 to 1.5 times the diameter of the through hole.

[0013] In at least one possible embodiment, in the wave-facing direction, the total width of the cavity including the filling body is one-fifth to one-seventh of the width of the breakwater body.

[0014] In at least one possible implementation, the through holes are evenly arranged on the orifice plates, and the total area of ​​the through holes in each orifice plate accounts for more than 70% of the area of ​​the orifice plate.

[0015] In at least one possible implementation manner, the number of the through holes on each wall of the cavity is the same as the number of the filling bodies in the cavity.

[0016] In at least one possible embodiment, the porous floating breakwater further includes limit piles, and the breakwater body can be movably connected to the limit piles in the up-down direction.

[0017] The limiting pile includes a guide column, which extends in the up-down direction. The breakwater body is provided with an annular clamp, which is sleeved on the guide column.

[0018] In at least one possible embodiment, the guide column is provided with a support portion for preventing the breakwater body from excessively falling, and / or

[0019] The guide column is provided with a stop structure for preventing the breakwater body from upwardly separating from the guide column.

[0020] In at least one possible embodiment, the clamp is configured to have an adjustable inner diameter, so that the resistance of the breakwater body to movement along the guide column can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the clamp and the guide column.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the middle part of the cavity matrix is ​​filled with a filler, so that different parts of the breakwater body have different porosities, so that the breakwater body has good wave-breaking performance for both long waves and short waves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of a porous floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a breakwater body of a porous floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a breakwater body (the orifice plate on one side is not shown) of a porous floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0025] Description of Reference Numerals

[0026] 100 Breakwater body 200 Limit pile 201 Guide column

[0027] 1-well plate

[0028] 2 Cavity

[0029] 3 through holes

[0030] 4 Filling

[0031] 5 Clamp

[0032] X length direction Y width direction Z up and down direction DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, this section describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In addition to the various embodiments described in this section, the present application can also be implemented in other different ways. Without violating the spirit of the present application, those skilled in the art can make corresponding improvements, deformations and substitutions. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in this section. The scope of protection of this application shall be based on the claims.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application proposes a porous floating breakwater, which includes a breakwater body 100 and a limiting pile 200. The breakwater body 100 can be movably connected to the limiting pile 200 along the up-down direction Z.

[0035] It can be understood that the up and down directions here may be vertical directions, and the up and down directions may also form a certain angle relative to the vertical direction, for example, an angle less than 30 degrees.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the limit piles 200 are used to fix to the seabed. The limit piles 200 can be provided with guide posts 201 extending in the vertical direction Z. The breakwater body 100 can be provided with an annular clamp 5, which can be mounted on the guide posts 201. As a result, the breakwater body 100 can move periodically in the vertical direction Z along the guide posts 201 with the waves, and the breakwater body 100 cannot (including substantially cannot) move in the horizontal direction. Because the buoyancy and gravity of the breakwater body 100 are constant, the breakwater body 100 can move up and down with waves and tides, so that the height of the part of the breakwater body 100 exposed above the water and the part located underwater in the vertical direction Z remains stable, which can reduce the impact of tidal changes on wave-breaking performance.

[0037] It is understood that a support portion (such as a support portion) can be provided on the guide column 201 to prevent the breakwater body 100 from excessively falling. Figure 1 The guide column 201 may also be provided with a stop structure (not shown) to prevent the breakwater body 100 from upwardly separating from the guide column 201. The support portion and the stop structure may limit the range of up and down movement of the breakwater body 100.

[0038] The limiting piles 200 may include a plurality of support columns connected to the guide column 201. The limiting piles 200 are fixed without the need to dig up a large area of ​​the seabed, thereby protecting the benthic ecology.

[0039] The inner diameter of the clamp 5 is adjustable. By adjusting the tightness of the clamp 5 and the guide post 201, the resistance of the breakwater body 100 to movement along the guide post 201 can be adjusted. A tighter clamp 5 provides greater resistance to the breakwater body 100's up-and-down movement with waves, while a looser clamp 5 provides less resistance. For example, the clamp 5 can be formed from a strip into a ring, and by using multiple fixed positions, the resulting ring can have different inner diameters.

[0040] Optionally, the guide columns 201 may be located at the front and rear sides of the breakwater body 100 in the width direction Y. Optionally, a plurality of guide columns 201 (ie, limit piles 200 ) may be provided at the front and rear sides respectively.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the breakwater body 100 includes multiple orifice plates 1 and multiple fillers 4. The orifice plates 1 can be provided with multiple through-holes 3. The multiple orifice plates 1 can be interconnected to form multiple cavities 2. The orifice plates 1 can be rectangular, and the cavities 2 enclosed by the orifice plates 1 can be cubes, such as regular cubes. The multiple cavities 2 can form a cavity matrix, with each cavity 2 having the same size. The wall of each cavity 2 is an orifice plate 1, and each cavity 2 wall can have multiple through-holes 3.

[0042] Optionally, the through holes 3 can be evenly distributed throughout the orifice plates 1, with the total area of ​​the through holes 3 in each orifice plate 1 accounting for more than 70% of the total area of ​​the orifice plate 1. This results in a lighter weight, less material, and lower cost. The orifice plates 1 are highly transparent, and the porous cavity matrix formed by the orifice plates 1 has a simple structure that allows light to penetrate, thereby reducing the impact of light blocking by the breakwater body 100 on underwater organisms.

[0043] In the wave-facing direction of the breakwater body 100 (i.e., the width direction Y of the breakwater body 100), the cavities 2 in the middle portion of the breakwater body 100 contain fillers 4, while the cavities 2 in the remaining portions do not contain fillers 4. In the vertical direction Z of the breakwater body 100, all of the cavities 2 in the middle portion can contain fillers 4. For example, in the wave-facing direction (i.e., the width direction Y of the breakwater body 100), the total width of the cavities 2 containing fillers 4 can be one-fifth to one-seventh of the width of the breakwater body 100.

[0044] It is understood that the "middle portion" in which the cavities 2 in the middle portion of the breakwater body 100 contain the filling elements 4 does not necessarily need to be the exact middle portion, nor does it necessarily mean that every cavity 2 in the middle portion contains the filling elements 4. For example, in one example, two rows (rows along the X direction) of cavities in the middle portion contain the filling elements 4, and a row of cavities that do not contain the filling elements 4 may be sandwiched between the two rows of cavities. In another example, some cavities in one or more rows of cavities may contain the filling elements 4, while others may not.

[0045] Optionally, in the width direction Y of the breakwater body 100 , the cavities 2 containing the filling bodies 4 may be arranged in one row or multiple rows.

[0046] Thus, the porosity of the middle portion of the breakwater body 100 in the wave-facing direction (i.e., the width direction Y of the breakwater body 100) is smaller than the porosity of the front and rear portions of the breakwater body 100 in the wave-facing direction. Porosity here refers to the ratio of the volume of the pore space to the overall volume. The pore space is the space in the cavity 2 through which seawater can pass, i.e., the space between the filling elements 4 and the space between the filling elements 4 and the wall of the cavity 2, excluding the hollow portion within the filling elements 4 (if any).

[0047] In one possible embodiment, the overall porosity of the breakwater body 100 is greater than or equal to 60%, and the porosity of the middle portion of the breakwater body 100 in the wave-facing direction (ie, the width direction Y of the breakwater body 100) is 30% to 50%.

[0048] In this way, since the incident waves include long waves and short waves, the wavelengths and wave heights of long waves and short waves are different. When the wave steepness is constant, short waves can easily pass directly through the through hole 3 of the orifice plate 1. The orifice plate 1 mainly absorbs long waves and dissipates wave energy; the filler 4 can inhibit short waves from penetrating the through hole 3, enhance wave reflection and eddy current dissipation, and mainly absorb short waves. Therefore, the breakwater body 100 of the present application combines the wave-penetrating energy dissipation mechanism of the porous structure of the cavity matrix and the inertial disturbance enhancement mechanism of the local use of the filler 4, so that the breakwater body 100 has good wave absorption performance. Different parts of the breakwater can adapt to wave conditions of different wavelengths and can effectively absorb long waves and short waves.

[0049] The filler 4 can be a hollow sphere, and the diameter of the sphere can be larger than the size of the through hole 3, so that the filler 4 cannot pass through the through hole 3. The through hole 3 can be a circular hole, and the diameter of the filler 4 can be larger than the diameter of the through hole 3 to retain the filler 4 within the cavity 2. For example, the diameter of the filler 4 is 1.3 to 1.5 times the diameter of the through hole 3. Each cavity 2 having a filler 4 can accommodate one or more fillers 4.

[0050] In one possible embodiment, the number of through holes 3 on each wall of the cavity 2 is the same as the number of fillers 4 in the cavity 2 . For example, each wall of the cavity 2 may be provided with 4 through holes, and each cavity 2 may be provided with 4 fillers 4 .

[0051] It can be understood that the size of the filling body 4 and the through hole 3 can be designed according to the wave height of the incident wave. The diameter of the filling body 4 and the through hole 3 is about 0.3 to 0.4 times the average wave height of the incident wave, which can achieve better wave absorption performance.

[0052] The orifice plate 1 may be made of a steel structure (eg, galvanized steel, stainless steel, etc.), and the orifice plate 1 may provide a relatively high-strength support and wave dissipation structure.

[0053] The filler 4 can be made of materials such as rubber or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The interior of the filler 4 can be inflated to form an air bag. The filler 4 is light in weight, so that the breakwater body 100 is light in weight, so that the breakwater body 100 can float in the sea.

[0054] The filling body 4 can adjust the inflation pressure as needed to adapt to different water depth environments and load (water flow resistance) changes. By filling and deflating, the buoyancy of the breakwater body 100 can be quickly adjusted to cope with tidal ranges or insufficient air pressure in the filling body 4. The orifice plate 1 and the filling body 4 cooperate to balance the strength, buoyancy, economy, and maintainability of the breakwater body 100.

[0055] The cavity matrix can be spliced ​​along the length direction X, the width direction Y, and the up and down direction Z to form a large-scale floating wave-breaking system. The orifice plates 1 can be fixedly connected by corner connectors and bolts, so that the orifice plates 1 form a frame structure, and the filler 4 can be placed in the cavity 2 during the assembly process of the orifice plates 1. The cavity matrix formed by the orifice plates 1 can be assembled modularly, which is easy to assemble and easy to install and maintain. It is suitable for application scenarios such as ports, island reefs, and offshore platforms. The breakwater body 100 is modular in design. After the orifice plates 1 and the filler 4 are damaged, the damaged parts can be replaced independently, and the maintenance cost is low. In one possible embodiment, the modules of the breakwater body 100 can be connected by plug-in, screw connection, hinge or flexible connection.

[0056] The porous floating breakwater of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects.

[0057] (1) By locally filling the filler 4, the effective porosity of the middle part of the breakwater body 100 is reduced. In the wave-facing direction Y, the breakwater body 100 can form a "high-low-high" pore gradient, forming a gradient wave-breaking effect, which has good wave-breaking performance for both long waves and short waves.

[0058] (2) By using the limit pile mooring method, the breakwater body 100 can rise and fall with the change of water level, adapt to the change of tidal range, reduce the impact of tidal range on the wave-breaking performance of the breakwater, and improve the wave-breaking capacity of the breakwater as a whole.

[0059] (3) The overall porosity of the breakwater body 100 is relatively large, which makes the structure's deadweight and wave load (water flow resistance) relatively small, making it suitable for deep-water environments, with lower load-bearing requirements for the structure and materials, and reducing costs.

[0060] (4) The overall modular design makes it easy to manufacture and install, and the construction cost is low.

[0061] (5) Higher porosity can reduce wave reflection and reduce the impact of scouring on nearshore ecosystems. Higher porosity can also improve light transmittance and reduce the impact of the breakwater body 100 blocking light on underwater organisms.

[0062] It should be understood that at least some aspects or features of the above-mentioned embodiments, examples or examples may be appropriately combined.

[0063] It is understood that in this application, when the number of parts or components is not specifically limited, the number may be one or more, and the term "plurality" herein refers to two or more. Where the number of parts or components is shown in the drawings and / or described in the specification as a specific number, such as two, three, or four, the specific number is generally illustrative and not restrictive, and may be understood as a plurality, i.e., two or more. However, this does not mean that this application excludes the case of one.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise clearly stated or limited, terms such as "install", "assemble", "connect", "connect", "couple", "link", "abut", "connect", "interconnect", "communicate", "conduct", "fix", "fasten", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be direct or indirect. For example, with respect to connection, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly stated or limited. For example, with respect to connectivity / conduction, it can be direct connectivity / conduction or indirect connectivity / conduction through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] While the present application has been described in detail using the above-described embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. The present application can be modified and implemented as modified embodiments without departing from the subject matter and scope of the present application as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not have any limiting meaning with respect to the present application.

Claims

1. A porous floating breakwater, characterized by: The invention comprises a breakwater body (100), wherein the breakwater body (100) comprises: A plurality of orifice plates (1), the plurality of orifice plates (1) being interconnected to form a plurality of cavities (2), the wall surface of each cavity (2) being provided with a through hole (3), and the plurality of cavities (2) forming a cavity matrix; and A plurality of filling bodies (4) are contained in the cavity (2) in the middle portion of the breakwater body (100) in the wave-facing direction (Y), so that the porosity of the middle portion of the breakwater body (100) in the wave-facing direction is smaller than the porosity of the front side and the rear side of the breakwater body (100) in the wave-facing direction.

2. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall porosity of the breakwater body (100) is greater than or equal to 60%, and the porosity of the middle portion of the breakwater body (100) in the wave-facing direction is 30% to 50%.

3. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling body (4) is a hollow sphere.

4. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole (3) is a circular hole, and the diameter of the filling body (4) is 1.3 to 1.5 times the diameter of the through hole (3).

5. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the wave-facing direction (Y), the total width of the cavity (2) with the filling body (4) is one-fifth to one-seventh of the width of the breakwater body (100).

6. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through holes (3) are evenly arranged on the orifice plate (1), and the total area of ​​the through holes (3) of each orifice plate (1) accounts for more than 70% of the area of ​​the orifice plate (1).

7. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the through holes (3) on each wall surface of the cavity (2) is the same as the number of the filling bodies (4) in the cavity (2).

8. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous floating breakwater further comprises a limiting pile (200), and the breakwater body (100) can be movably connected to the limiting pile (200) along the up-down direction (Z). The limiting pile (200) comprises a guide column (201), the guide column (201) extends in an up-down direction (Z), and the breakwater body (100) is provided with an annular clamp (5), and the clamp (5) is sleeved on the guide column (201).

9. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide column (201) is provided with a support portion for preventing the breakwater body (100) from excessively falling, and / or The guide column (201) is provided with a stop structure for preventing the breakwater body (100) from escaping upward from the guide column (201).

10. The porous floating breakwater according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamp (5) is configured to be capable of adjusting the inner diameter, so that by adjusting the tightness of the clamp (5) and the guide column (201), the resistance of the breakwater body (100) to movement along the guide column (201) can be adjusted.

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