An ecological revetment structure suitable for river riparian zone restoration in northwest inland arid area

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in the northwest inland arid area, and particularly relates to the field of ecological revetment structures, which comprises a bank slope, a water retaining assembly is arranged on one side of the bank slope, the water retaining assembly comprises PHC pipe piles, a sand and stone cushion layer and a mortar stone retaining wall, the PHC pipe piles are inserted into the bottom of one side of the bank slope, the PHC pipe piles are arranged in multiple groups and are equidistantly arranged, the top of the PHC pipe piles is paved with the sand and stone cushion layer, the top of the sand and stone cushion layer is provided with the mortar stone retaining wall, the outer wall of one side of the mortar stone retaining wall is connected with the bank slope, and the side, away from the bank slope, of the water retaining assembly is provided with gabion stone cages which are arranged in multiple groups and are equidistantly arranged; the PHC pipe piles are inserted into the bottom of the bank slope in multiple groups and equidistantly, an underground anchor rod net structure is formed, soil body sliding caused by river channel scouring is resisted, the gabion stone cages are matched with the PHC pipe piles and the mortar stone retaining wall to form a three-level protection system, the impact resistance is improved, and the ecological function is reserved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ecological revetment structure, more particularly, the present application relates to an ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in northwest inland arid area. BACKGROUND

[0002] The northwest inland area belongs to arid or semi-arid region, and the region is mostly arid or semi-arid climate, with little precipitation, strong evaporation, large diurnal temperature difference, which is extremely unfavorable for plant growth. At the same time, the soil in this region is mostly poor, and is mostly saline-alkali or sandy soil, with poor water retention capacity, so plant growth is severely challenged. Under such climate and environmental conditions, the vegetation coverage in the region is low, and the river bank slope is prone to wind and water erosion, causing serious soil erosion and ecological environment damage.

[0003] The current traditional river bank slope management technology only considers the basic functions of bank slope soil fixation and flood control, and simply uses hard materials for bank slope management without considering ecological management. Or it stops at the design of shallow revetment structure and ignores the improvement of ecological environment from the essential aspect of soil, resulting in that the revetment structure does not play its full function.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, an ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in northwest inland arid area is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides an ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in northwest inland arid area to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in northwest inland arid area, comprising a bank slope, a water retaining assembly is arranged on one side of the bank slope, the water retaining assembly comprises PHC pipe piles, a sand and gravel cushion layer and a mortar stone retaining wall, the PHC pipe piles are inserted into the bottom of one side of the bank slope, the PHC pipe piles are arranged in multiple groups and equidistantly arranged, the sand and gravel cushion layer is arranged on the top of the PHC pipe piles, the mortar stone retaining wall is arranged on the top of the sand and gravel cushion layer, the outer wall of one side of the mortar stone retaining wall is connected with the bank slope, and a gabion is arranged on the side of the water retaining assembly away from the bank slope, and the gabion is arranged in multiple groups and equidistantly arranged.

[0007] Preferably, the gabion comprises a steel wire mesh, filled block stones, salt-tolerant slow-release capsules and degradable coconut shell fiber nets, the inside of the steel wire mesh is filled with filled block stones, the salt-tolerant slow-release capsules are embedded in the gaps of the filled block stones, and the degradable coconut shell fiber nets are embedded at the edges of the steel wire mesh.

[0008] Preferably, the bank slope comprises a reserved original soil layer, an interlayer humus soil, a backfilled original soil layer and a surface humus soil, the top of the reserved original soil layer is paved with the interlayer humus soil, the top of the interlayer humus soil is paved with the backfilled original soil layer, the top of the backfilled original soil layer is paved with the surface humus soil, and a degradable jute fiber grid is paved between the reserved original soil layer and the interlayer humus soil.

[0009] Preferably, the upper surface of the bank slope is planted with native vegetation, the native vegetation comprises deep-rooted trees, medium-rooted shrubs and shallow herbaceous plants, the deep-rooted trees are staggered with the medium-rooted shrubs, and the surface of the surface humus soil is covered with the shallow herbaceous plants.

[0010] Preferably, a top position between the dry-stone wall and the bank slope is provided with a flow guide groove, the flow guide groove comprises a water-facing guide groove, a backwater-facing guide groove, a primary energy cutting peak and an ecological filter peak, the water-facing guide groove is provided with the primary energy cutting peak away from the bank slope, the primary energy cutting peak is provided with the backwater-facing guide groove away from the water-facing guide groove, the backwater-facing guide groove is provided with the ecological filter peak away from the primary energy cutting peak, the height of the ecological filter peak is higher than that of the primary energy cutting peak, the depth of the backwater-facing guide groove is higher than that of the water-facing guide groove, the bottom of the water-facing guide groove is made of porous volcanic rock material, and the surface of the water-facing guide groove is paved with ecological ceramic granules.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the backwater-facing guide groove is paved with mycelium fiber felt, the lowest surface of the backwater-facing guide groove is provided with water-permeable holes arranged equidistantly, the bottom of the backwater-facing guide groove is provided with a flow guide pipe, the water-permeable holes are communicated with the flow guide pipe, one side surface of the flow guide pipe is communicated with a shunt pipe, the shunt pipe is provided with multiple groups and arranged equidistantly, and the end of the shunt pipe extends to the top of one side of the interlayer humus soil.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the steel wire cage is low-carbon steel, the surface of the steel wire cage is galvanized and wrapped with a layer of PVC material, the tensile strength of the mesh surface of the steel wire cage is 400-450Mpa, the wire diameter is 3.2mm, and the mesh size is 75x100mm, and the particle size of the filling block stone is kept at 100-300mm.

[0013] Preferably, the PHC pipe pile adopts AB type, standard length with a diameter of 200mm, and is distributed in 4 rows in the transverse direction with a transverse spacing of 0.5m and a longitudinal spacing of 1.2m, in a multi-row and multi-column distribution, and each pile is arranged at the same depth.

[0014] Preferably, the stone strength of the dry-stone wall is ≥MU30, and the mortar of the dry-stone wall is M10 cement mortar with a fluidity of 5-7cm.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the surface humus layer is not less than 8 cm, and the thickness of the interlayer humus layer is not less than 35 cm.

[0016] Technical effects and advantages of the present application:

[0017] 1. Compared with the prior art, the ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in the inland arid area of northwest China is inserted into the bottom of the bank slope in multiple groups to form an underground anchor rod network structure, which resists soil body sliding caused by river channel scouring; a sand and gravel cushion is laid on the top of the pipe pile to disperse the load of the mortar stone retaining wall, relieve frost heaving stress, and avoid structure cracking; the mortar stone retaining wall is closely connected with the bank slope to form a rigid support surface and constrain slope body deformation; the synergistic effect of the three forms a "deep anchor-cushion-rigid" protection chain, which greatly improves the anti-overturning capacity, especially adapts to seasonal flood impact in the northwest, and the gabion is arranged in multiple groups at the water side of the water retaining assembly as a dynamic protection layer, directly bearing the impact of water flow, and the gabion cooperates with the PHC pipe pile and the mortar stone retaining wall to form a three-level protection system, improving the anti-impact capacity and retaining ecological functions.

[0018] 2. Compared with the prior art, the ecological revetment structure suitable for river bank restoration in the inland arid area of northwest China adopts an asymmetric double-peak design for the diversion ditch to divide the runoff treatment process into two stages of kinetic energy reduction and ecological purification, perfectly adapting to the characteristics of large storm intensity and long intermittent period in the arid area of northwest China; the primary energy reduction peak and the ecological filtration and purification peak form a height difference, and the depth of the backwater surface guide trench is greater than that of the water surface guide trench; this gradient structure prolongs the water retention time and improves the resource conversion efficiency; the water surface guide trench is located at the front of the ditch and directly receives the slope top runoff, and the bottom water storage surface adopts porous volcanic rock material which has natural honeycomb pore structure and can quickly absorb runoff and slow down the flow rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bank slope structure of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the water retaining assembly and the gabion of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the diversion ditch of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the gabion structure of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the diversion ditch of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the guide tube and the branch tube in this application;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water-blocking component structure of this application.

[0027] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Bank slope; 2. Water-retaining component; 3. PHC pipe pile; 4. Sand and gravel cushion layer; 5. Masonry retaining wall; 6. Gabion cage; 7. Wire cage; 8. Filling boulders; 9. Salt-alkali resistant slow-release capsule; 10. Biodegradable coconut shell fiber mesh; 11. Reserved original soil layer; 12. Interlayer humus soil; 13. Backfill original soil layer; 14. Topsoil humus soil; 15. Native vegetation; 16. Deep-rooted trees; 17. Medium-rooted shrubs; 18. Shallow herbaceous plants; 19. Diversion channel; 20. Water-facing channel; 21. Water-retaining channel; 22. Primary energy reduction peak; 23. Ecological filtration peak; 24. Ecological ceramsite; 25. Mycelial fiber felt; 26. Permeable hole; 27. Diversion pipe; 28. Diversion pipe; 121. Biodegradable jute fiber mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] As attached Figures 1 to 8 The diagram shows an ecological revetment structure suitable for riverbank restoration in arid inland areas of Northwest China. It includes a bank slope 1, with a water-retaining component 2 installed on one side of the bank slope 1. The water-retaining component 2 includes PHC pipe piles 3, a sand and gravel cushion layer 4, and a masonry retaining wall 5. The PHC pipe piles 3 are inserted into the bottom of one side of the bank slope 1. Multiple sets of PHC pipe piles 3 are arranged at equal intervals. The top of the PHC pipe piles 3 is covered with a sand and gravel cushion layer 4. The top of the sand and gravel cushion layer 4 is covered with a masonry retaining wall 5. The outer wall of one side of the masonry retaining wall 5 is connected to the bank slope 1. Gabion cages 6 are installed on the side of the water-retaining component 2 away from the bank slope 1, and multiple sets of gabion cages 6 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0031] The soil of the bank slope 1 is distributed in layers, the PHC pipe pile 3 is inserted into the bottom of the bank slope as an anti-pulling foundation, and forms an underground anchor rod network structure to resist soil sliding caused by river erosion. The gravel cushion 4 is laid on the top of the pipe pile to disperse the load of the mortar stone retaining wall 5, relieve frost heaving stress, avoid structure cracking, the mortar stone retaining wall 5 is closely connected with the bank slope 1 to form a rigid supporting surface, and constrain the deformation of the slope body. The synergistic effect of the three forms a “deep anchor-buffer-rigid” protection chain, which greatly improves the anti-overturning capacity, especially suitable for seasonal flood impact in the northwest. The gabion 6 is a dynamic protection layer in the water area, and a plurality of groups of gabions are arranged in the water area on the water side of the water retaining assembly 2 to directly bear the impact of the water flow. The gabion 6 cooperates with the PHC pipe pile 3 and the mortar stone retaining wall 5 to improve the anti-impact ability of the three-level protection system, and retains the ecological function.

[0032] Embodiment 2

[0033] Based on the embodiment 1, the scheme in the embodiment 1 is further refined and introduced in combination with the specific working mode as follows: Figures 1 to 8 as shown, and details are described below:

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the gabion 6 includes a steel wire mesh 7, a filling block stone 8, a salt-tolerant and alkaline-resistant slow-release capsule 9, and a degradable coconut shell fiber net 10. The inside of the steel wire mesh 7 is filled with the filling block stone 8, the gaps of the filling block stone 8 are embedded with the salt-tolerant and alkaline-resistant slow-release capsule 9, and the edges of the steel wire mesh 7 are embedded with the degradable coconut shell fiber net 10. The filling block stone 8 is graded and dense to reduce water flow energy, the salt-tolerant and alkaline-resistant slow-release capsule 9 is a salt-tolerant and alkaline-resistant slow-release package that slowly releases improved substances and nutrients under the action of water and microorganisms to neutralize salt and alkali, and the degradable coconut shell fiber net 10 guides plant root systems to penetrate the gabion gaps to form biological anchoring. Through the triple linkage of physical energy dissipation, chemical improvement, and biological soil fixation, the anti-impact flow rate is improved to 3.2 m / s.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the bank slope 1 includes a reserved original soil layer 11, an interlayer humus soil 12, a backfilled original soil layer 13, and a surface humus soil 14. The top of the reserved original soil layer 11 is paved with the interlayer humus soil 12, the top of the interlayer humus soil 12 is paved with the backfilled original soil layer 13, the top of the backfilled original soil layer 13 is paved with the surface humus soil 14, and the reserved original soil layer 11 and the interlayer humus soil 12 are paved with a degradable jute fiber grid 121. The reserved original soil layer 11 retains the stability of the foundation, the interlayer humus soil 12 provides a nutrient bank for trees, the backfilled original soil layer 13 transitions water, improves water retention rate, and improves vegetation survival rate, the surface humus soil 14 provides growth for herbs, and the degradable jute fiber grid 121 is arranged at the bottom of the interlayer humus soil 12 to intercept nutrient infiltration and guide deep-rooted trees and shrubs to form a network-like soil fixation structure. At the same time, the degradable jute fiber grid 121 can reduce the loss of the interlayer humus soil 12 and improve the survival rate of deep-rooted trees 16.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the bank 1 is planted with native vegetation 15, which includes deep-rooted trees 16, medium-rooted shrubs 17 and shallow-rooted herbaceous plants 18, the deep-rooted trees 16 are staggered with the medium-rooted shrubs 17, and the surface of the surface humus soil 14 is covered with the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants 18, wherein the deep-rooted trees 16 play the role of foundation anchoring, the main roots vertically penetrate the depth > 1.5 m, and the roots penetrate the degradable jute fiber mesh 121 to be anchored to the reserved original soil layer 11, the root network enhances the anti-sliding ability of the bank 1, the transpiration reduces the underground water level, and the salt and alkali upwelling is inhibited, the medium-rooted shrubs 17 are staggered with the deep-rooted trees 16, the lateral roots horizontally extend the radius > 1.2 m, and the roots are interwoven into a network structure with the tree roots, intercepting the slope runoff, the fallen branches and leaves supplement soil organic matter, and the dense branches reduce the wind erosion intensity, the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants 18 have dense taproots distributed in the 0-20 cm soil layer, forming an anti-erosion blanket structure, covering the surface to reduce splash erosion, and improving the rainwater infiltration rate.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, a diversion ditch 19 is arranged at the top position between the dry-stone retaining wall 5 and the bank slope 1, the diversion ditch 19 comprises a water-facing guide groove 20, a backwater-facing guide groove 21, a primary energy reduction peak 22 and an ecological filtering peak 23, the water-facing guide groove 20 is provided with the primary energy reduction peak 22 away from the bank slope 1, the primary energy reduction peak 22 is provided with the backwater-facing guide groove 21 away from the water-facing guide groove 20, the backwater-facing guide groove 21 is provided with the ecological filtering peak 23 away from the primary energy reduction peak 22, the height of the ecological filtering peak 23 is higher than that of the primary energy reduction peak 22, and the depth of the backwater-facing guide groove 21 is higher than that of the water-facing guide groove 20, the bottom water storage surface of the water-facing guide groove 20 is made of porous volcanic rock material, and the surface of the water-facing guide groove 20 is paved with ecological ceramsite 24, wherein the diversion ditch 19 is located at the top position between the dry-stone retaining wall 5 and the bank slope 1, and the special hydrological conditions of the northwest inland arid region are realized by the hierarchical structure to realize intelligent regulation and control, resource utilization and ecological restoration of runoff, the diversion ditch 19 adopts an asymmetric double-peak design, and the runoff treatment process is divided into two stages of kinetic energy reduction and ecological purification, which perfectly adapts to the characteristics of large rainstorm intensity and long intermittent period in the northwest arid region, the primary energy reduction peak 22 and the ecological filtering peak 23 form a height difference, and the depth of the backwater-facing guide groove 21 is greater than that of the water-facing guide groove 20, the gradient structure prolongs the water retention time and improves the resource conversion efficiency, the water-facing guide groove 20 is located at the front of the ditch and directly receives the slope top runoff, the bottom water storage surface of the water-facing guide groove 20 is made of porous volcanic rock material, the material has a natural honeycomb pore structure, can quickly absorb runoff and slow down the flow rate, at the same time, the ecological ceramsite 24 paved on the surface of the water-facing guide groove 20 further enhances the coarse filtration function and intercepts suspended particles with a particle size of >5mm, at the same time, the ecological ceramsite 24 has a slow drainage function after absorbing water, so that the water collected by the water-facing guide groove 20 slowly flows into the bank slope 1, the primary energy reduction peak 22 is arranged away from the bank slope 1 on the side of the water-facing guide groove 20, the water jump phenomenon is induced by the shallow protrusion, the initial flow rate is reduced from 2.5m / s to 0.8m / s, the energy is reduced by 40%, the primary energy reduction peak 22 is arranged to intercept the surface humus soil 14 flowing downward under the rainstorm scouring, and soil erosion is avoided.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the surface of the backwater guide groove 21 is paved with mycelium fiber felt 25, the lowest surface of the backwater guide groove 21 is provided with water permeable holes 26, the bottom of the backwater guide groove 21 is provided with a flow guide pipe 27, the water permeable holes 26 are communicated with the flow guide pipe 27, one side surface of the flow guide pipe 27 is communicated with a shunt pipe 28, the shunt pipe 28 is provided with multiple groups and is arranged equidistantly, and the end of the shunt pipe 28 extends to one side of the top of the interlayer humus soil 12. The ecological filter peak 23 is arranged on the side of the backwater guide groove 21 away from the primary energy cutting peak 22, the higher protruding structure of the ecological filter peak 23 forms a physical barrier, and when the water level rises, the physical barrier can play a certain blocking role to avoid direct entry into the bank slope 1. The surface-paved mycelium fiber felt 25 is composed of jute fiber mesh and nitrogen-fixing bacteria embedded colloid. The felt layer activates microbial reaction when the runoff passes, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria release ammonium nitrogen, and the phosphorus-dissolving bacteria dissociate phosphate, directly improving the content of available nutrients in water. In the dry period of the arid region, the mycelium fiber felt 25 automatically hibernates, realizing zero-energy-consumption maintenance, cooperating with the recharge function of the PHC pipe pile 3 to supplement groundwater, and the water permeable holes 26 as water purification collection nodes are directly communicated with the flow guide pipe 27 at the bottom. The equidistant layout of the water permeable holes 26 ensures uniform distribution of water flow, avoiding local accumulation. The flow guide pipe 27 as a main conveying channel is made of high-density polyethylene material, guiding the filtered runoff to the shunt pipe 28 for targeted irrigation, and at the same time, the active substances of the mycelium fiber felt 25 are transported with the water flow, improving the organic matter conversion rate of the interlayer humus soil 12 by 40%.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the material of the steel wire cage 7 is low-carbon steel, the surface of which is galvanized and wrapped with a layer of PVC material, the tensile strength of the mesh surface of the steel wire cage 7 is 400-450 MPa, the wire diameter is 3.2 mm, and the mesh size is 75x100 mm. The particle size of the filler block stone 8 is kept at 100-300 mm. The galvanized low-carbon steel wire is wrapped with a PVC layer, the tensile strength is 400-450 MPa, the mesh size is 75x100 mm, and the wire diameter is 3.2 mm, forming a high-strength flexible framework to constrain the displacement of the filler block stone 8 and resist the shear force of water flow. The PVC coating resists saline-alkali corrosion and has a service life of >25 years. The mesh structure provides a penetration channel for the roots of vegetation.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the PHC pipe pile 3 adopts a standard length of AB type with a diameter of 200 mm, and the PHC pipe pile 3 is distributed in 4 rows in the transverse direction with a transverse spacing of 0.5 m and a longitudinal spacing of 1.2 m, forming a multi-row and multi-column distribution. Each pile is arranged at the same depth. The PHC pipe pile 3 has high-strength prestressed characteristics, is arranged in 4 rows in the transverse direction with a transverse spacing of 0.5 m and a longitudinal spacing of 1.2 m, forms a dense shear-resistant mesh structure, and uniformly sinks to the same depth to ensure uniform stress distribution at the bottom of the bank slope 1.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the stone strength of the dry-stone retaining wall 5 is ≥MU30, and the mortar of the dry-stone retaining wall 5 is M10 cement mortar with a fluidity of 5-7 cm, wherein the MU30 stone improves the resistance to flood impact, and the 5-7 cm fluidity of the mortar ensures full joints.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the surface humus soil 14 is not less than 8 cm, and the thickness of the interlayer humus soil 12 is not less than 35 cm, wherein the interlayer humus soil 12 provides a root space for the deep-rooted trees 16, improves the anchoring force of the main roots, and the 35 cm thickness guarantees the organic matter reserves, meeting the annual growth fertilizer requirement of the trees, and the surface humus soil 14 can cover the root system of the shallow herbaceous plants 18.

[0043] The working process of the present application is as follows: first, use the staged cofferdams to make the design area into a construction range convenient for construction, determine the arrangement position of the gabion 6, the piling surface of the PHC pipe pile 3, and the arrangement height of the dry-stone retaining wall 5, use construction machinery to excavate earthwork, mainly excavate the earthwork of the bank slope 1 and the flat groove for placing the gabion 6, form the flat groove of the gabion 6 and the piling range of the PHC pipe pile 3, the earthwork of the bank slope 1 should be excavated to the reserved original soil layer 11 for subsequent soil layer paving, the steel wire mesh 7 of the gabion 6 is made of low-carbon steel, and is coated with a layer of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material after galvanizing to resist corrosion and corrosion, the tensile strength of the steel wire mesh 7 is 400-450 Mpa, the wire diameter is 3.2 mm, and the mesh size is preferably completely wrapped around the large stone 8, with a size of 75x100 mm, the large stone filling is carried out in the prepared steel wire mesh 7, the stone particle size should be maintained between 100-300 mm, and the stone texture is hard and not easy to weather, thin or long strip stone should not be used to avoid damage to the structure of the steel wire mesh 7, the filling stone 8 should be tightly arranged and fully tamped during the filling process to reduce the deformation of the steel wire mesh 7 and avoid voids, and after the filling is completed, the edge wire of the steel wire mesh 7 is twisted tightly with special tools to ensure the firmness of the overall structure.

[0044] AB type, diameter of 200 mm standard length of PHC pipe pile 3, using a vibrating pile driver for mechanical pile, distribution for transverse 4 rows, transverse spacing is 0.5 m, longitudinal spacing is 1.2 m, namely in multiple rows and columns distribution, to ensure that each pile is arranged at the same depth, on the basis of PHC pipe pile 3 soil, using small particle size sand cushion 4 on the upper part of the laying, compaction, leveling, which as the embankment foundation, on the one hand to protect the underlying soil foundation from erosion, on the other hand to bear the load of the above mortar stone retaining wall 5, so that it effectively realize the role of supporting the soil in the slope 1, strictly according to the construction technology for the masonry of mortar stone retaining wall 5, after the structure of mortar stone retaining wall 5 hardening, the river bank vegetation planting zone soil backfill work, directly on the reserved original soil layer 11 laying a layer of interlayer humus soil 12, namely humus soil layer, its thickness is not less than 35 cm, after compaction on the interlayer humus soil 12 above laying backfill original soil layer 13, at this time the overall form of the slope 1 should be made into a ladder shape, the bottom of the ladder shape should be slightly lower than the top of the mortar stone retaining wall 5, in order to lay the surface humus soil 14, the thickness of the surface humus soil 14 is not less than 8 cm, the combination of interlayer humus soil 12 and backfill original soil layer 13 can effectively improve the soil aggregate structure and improve its water retention capacity, after the completion of the soil backfill work of the slope 1, the planting work of the suitable plants in the plant planting zone is carried out, through the stratified planting of the local vegetation 15, including deep rooted trees 16, medium rooted shrubs 17 and shallow herbaceous plants 18, using the vertical stratification characteristics of the root system to achieve the purpose of deep root system anchoring soil layer and shallow root system intercepting surface runoff, so as to form a multi-level ecological barrier, when the vegetation canopy coverage rate reaches a certain degree, the tree shade can effectively reduce the evaporation of the slope 1 slope surface, at the same time, the vegetation leaves can continuously supplement the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, so that the surface soil available nutrients can increase year by year.

Claims

1. An ecological revetment structure suitable for river riparian zone restoration in the northwest inland arid region, comprising a bank slope (1), characterized in that: The side of the bank (1) is provided with a water retaining assembly (2), the water retaining assembly (2) comprises a PHC pipe pile (3), a sand and gravel cushion (4) and a mortar stone retaining wall (5), the PHC pipe pile (3) is inserted into the bottom of the side of the bank (1), the PHC pipe pile (3) is provided with multiple groups and equidistantly arranged, the top of the PHC pipe pile (3) is paved with the sand and gravel cushion (4), the top of the sand and gravel cushion (4) is provided with the mortar stone retaining wall (5), the outer wall of the side of the mortar stone retaining wall (5) is connected with the bank (1), the side, away from the bank (1), of the water retaining assembly (2) is provided with a gabion (6), and the gabion (6) is provided with multiple groups and equidistantly arranged, the top position between the mortar stone retaining wall (5) and the bank (1) is provided with a flow guide groove (19), the flow guide groove (19) comprises a water-facing guide groove (20), a backwater-facing guide groove (21), a primary energy cutting peak (22) and an ecological filtering peak (23), the side, away from the bank (1), of the water-facing guide groove (20) is provided with the primary energy cutting peak (22), the side, away from the water-facing guide groove (20), of the primary energy cutting peak (22) is provided with the backwater-facing guide groove (21), the side, away from the primary energy cutting peak (22), of the backwater-facing guide groove (21) is provided with the ecological filtering peak (23), the height of the ecological filtering peak (23) is higher than that of the primary energy cutting peak (22), and the depth of the backwater-facing guide groove (21) is higher than that of the water-facing guide groove (20), the bottom water storage surface of the water-facing guide groove (20) is made of porous volcanic rock material, and the surface of the water-facing guide groove (20) is paved with ecological ceramic granules (24), the surface of the backwater-facing guide groove (21) is paved with mycelium fiber felt (25), the lowest surface of the backwater-facing guide groove (21) is equidistantly arranged with water-permeable holes (26), the bottom of the backwater-facing guide groove (21) is provided with a flow guide pipe (27), the water-permeable holes (26) and the flow guide pipe (27) are in communication, the side surface of the flow guide pipe (27) is communicated with a shunt pipe (28), the shunt pipe (28) is provided with multiple groups and equidistantly arranged, and the end of the shunt pipe (28) extends to the top side of the interlayer humus soil (12).

2. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gabion (6) comprises a steel wire mesh (7), a filling block stone (8), a salt-tolerant and alkaline-resistant slow-release capsule (9) and a degradable coconut shell fiber net (10), the inside of the steel wire mesh (7) is filled with the filling block stone (8), the gap of the filling block stone (8) is embedded with the salt-tolerant and alkaline-resistant slow-release capsule (9), and the edge of the steel wire mesh (7) is embedded with the degradable coconut shell fiber net (10).

3. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bank slope (1) comprises a reserved original soil layer (11), a sandwich humus layer (12), a backfilled original soil layer (13) and a surface humus layer (14), the top of the reserved original soil layer (11) is paved with the sandwich humus layer (12), the top of the sandwich humus layer (12) is paved with the backfilled original soil layer (13), the top of the backfilled original soil layer (13) is paved with the surface humus layer (14), and the reserved original soil layer (11) and the sandwich humus layer (12) are paved with degradable jute fiber grid (121).

4. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the bank slope (1) is planted with native vegetation (15), the native vegetation (15) comprises deep-rooted trees (16), medium-rooted shrubs (17) and shallow herbaceous plants (18), the deep-rooted trees (16) and the medium-rooted shrubs (17) are staggered, and the surface of the surface humus layer (14) is covered with shallow herbaceous plants (18).

5. The ecological revetment structure for the restoration of riparian zone of rivers in the inland arid region of Northwest China according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the steel wire cage (7) is low-carbon steel, the surface is galvanized and wrapped with a layer of PVC material, the tensile strength of the steel wire cage (7) is 400-450Mpa, the wire diameter is 3.2mm, and the mesh size is 75x100mm, and the particle size of the filling block stone (8) is kept at 100-300mm.

6. The ecological revetment structure for the restoration of riparian zone of rivers in the inland arid region of northwest China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PHC pipe pile (3) adopts AB type, standard length of 200mm in diameter, and the PHC pipe pile (3) is distributed in 4 rows in the transverse direction, the transverse spacing is 0.5m, the longitudinal spacing is 1.2m, and the PHC pipe pile (3) is distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns, and each pile is arranged at the same depth.

7. The ecological revetment structure for the restoration of riparian zone of rivers in the inland arid region of northwest China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stone strength of the mortar stone retaining wall (5) is ≥MU30, and the mortar of the mortar stone retaining wall (5) is M10 cement mortar, and the fluidity is 5-7cm.

8. The ecological revetment structure for riverbank restoration in the northwest inland arid region according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the surface humus layer (14) is not less than 8cm, and the thickness of the sandwich humus layer (12) is not less than 35cm.

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