Bidirectional anti-seismic high-energy-consumption shear-resistant anticorrosion self-healing anchoring system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional anti-seismic high-energy-consumption shear-resistant anticorrosion self-healing anchoring system and a construction method thereof. The system is composed of a tension anticorrosion anchoring end, a bidirectional anti-seismic high-strength dead-load shear-resistant device, an embedded anticorrosion anchoring end and two perforated anchor rods. According to the system, the prestress loss of the anchor rods is reduced through the two-way anti-seismic protrusions, and the ductility and the energy dissipation capacity of the anchor rods are improved through the deformation energy dissipation blocks; the anchor rod is divided into two parts, the shear resistance of the anchor rod is greatly enhanced through multi-layer reinforcement, and the anchor rod can still work normally under the extreme condition when the anchor rod is damaged by shearing; the durability of the anchoring system is improved through multiple anti-corrosion measures such as anti-corrosion oil, sacrificial anode protection and self-repairing microorganism grouting; a comprehensive intelligent monitoring system is arranged, water pressure, vibration and stress sensors are integrated, and real-time monitoring of the anchoring state is achieved. The anchoring system provided by the invention realizes the functions of long-term corrosion resistance, dead load, high energy consumption, large deformation, high strength, high toughness, shear resistance, non-failure in shearing and bidirectional seismic resistance in complex geology and occurrence environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchoring, and in particular to a bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the expansion of production activities, complex underground projects and excavation projects have become increasingly common, such as underground excavation projects, tunnel projects, underground passage projects, underground mining projects, underground storage projects, and large foundation pit projects. These projects have placed higher technical requirements on surrounding rock reinforcement. Currently, anchoring technology, as an efficient reinforcement solution for surrounding rock reinforcement, is increasingly widely used in engineering. However, through analysis of recent engineering cases, existing surrounding rock anchoring solutions still have many difficult-to-overcome problems, mainly as follows: 1. Most existing anchoring devices have low deformation capacity and small ductility. Existing projects are prone to large deformation, especially under extreme conditions such as earthquakes. The anchoring devices cannot adapt to large deformation of the surrounding rock and are prone to brittle failure, making project safety unguaranteed. 2. Anchoring devices need to work underground for a long time. Existing anchoring devices cannot cope with the long-term corrosion of the complex underground environment. Most of them have a short life cycle and cannot meet the requirements of the full life cycle of modern engineering. 3. There are large cracks or structural surfaces in the surrounding rock mass, and the rock mass may dislocate. The existing anchoring devices are generally unable to bear the shear stress generated by the surrounding rock dislocation, and are prone to shear failure, posing a major safety hazard. 4. Existing prestressed anchoring devices may suffer from prestress loss when facing vibration loads caused by factors such as engineering excavation and earthquakes. Therefore, an anchor rod system that can overcome lateral vibration loads is needed.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to invent a bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipating, high-toughness, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system and construction method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system and a construction method thereof.

[0005] The bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system proposed in the present invention comprises: Split perforated anchor bolts, including inner and outer anchor bolts, are mechanically coupled via a bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-strength, constant-load, and shear-resistant device; A bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant-load shear device comprises an outer sleeve, an upper pull-type transformer shell, a lower pull-type transformer shell, a bidirectional seismic-resistant protrusion, and a deformable energy-absorbing block; the bidirectional seismic-resistant protrusion is a continuous trapezoidal boss, symmetrically distributed at the tail of the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor rod, and embedded in the matching grooves of the upper pull-type transformer shell and the lower pull-type transformer shell to form a sliding friction interface; the deformable energy-absorbing block is a polygonal variable-section rotating body, which contacts the inner walls of the upper pull-type transformer shell and the lower pull-type transformer shell, and undergoes plastic deformation to absorb energy when under pressure; the upper pull-type transformer shell and the lower pull-type transformer shell are fixed by bolts to form a cavity, and are hydraulically pressed into the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is clearance-matched with the upper pull-type transformer shell and the lower pull-type transformer shell; The inner anchor rod is connected to the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end, and the outer anchor rod is connected to the embedded anti-corrosion anchor end; both the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor rod are provided with axial through-holes for passing sensor connection lines, anti-corrosion oil flow channels and slurry injection channels containing self-repairing microbial capsules.

[0006] Preferably, the height of the bidirectional anti-seismic protrusion is Satisfies the following formula: ; in, is the safety factor, is the side length of the partition (mm), is the site vibration load (MPa), is the shell yield strength (MPa); L f is the diameter of inner and outer anchor rods (mm); is the reduction factor considering the joint operation of multiple protrusions; n is the number of bidirectional seismic protrusions on a single anchor.

[0007] Preferably, the maximum protruding length of the deformable energy-absorbing block is Satisfies the following formula: ; in, Bidirectional seismic bulge height (mm); M is the anchor bearing capacity (MPa); L f is the diameter of the inner and outer anchor rods (mm); is the deformation safety factor; Design value of yield strength of upper and lower pull-down transformer shells of bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device (MPa); is the reduction factor considering the joint operation of multiple protrusions; n is the number of bidirectional seismic protrusions on a single anchor.

[0008] Preferably, the bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant load shear device also includes a first pull-wire sensor, a second pull-wire sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, and a rubber sealing ring; the first pull-wire sensor and the second pull-wire sensor are respectively fixed to the tail ends of the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor rod to monitor the displacement of the rod body; the electromagnetic sensor is installed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve to detect rock vibration signals; the rubber sealing ring is arranged at the position where the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor rod pass through the outer sleeve to prevent leakage of anti-corrosion oil.

[0009] Preferably, the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end includes an anchor end nut, a compression and expansion anchor block, a wall-breaking support block triggering device, upper and lower symmetrical wall-breaking support blocks with hinges, and a water pressure sensor; the anchor end nut is threadedly connected to the top of the inner anchor rod, and squeezes the compression and expansion anchor block through axial pressure to cause the compression and expansion anchor block to expand radially; the wall-breaking support block triggering device is fixed to the surface of the inner anchor rod and is hinged to the hinge, and the wall-breaking support block can be rotatably unfolded through the hinge, and the unfolding angle is controlled by tensile stress; the water pressure sensor is embedded in the anchor end head, and its connecting line passes through the perforation of the inner anchor rod and extends to the external monitoring terminal; the water pressure sensor monitors the water seepage pressure of the anchor hole in real time, and the sensor connecting line is led out through the perforated anchor rod.

[0010] Preferably, the deployment mechanism of the wall-breaking support block of the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end is: When the inner anchor rod is pulled, the compression anchor block expands radially to trigger the trigger device of the wall-breaking support block; The hinge pushes the wall-breaking support block to rotate outwards and expand. Positively correlated with tensile stress, expansion angle Range .

[0011] Preferably, the embedded anti-corrosion anchoring end includes a partition, a variable-section cylindrical anchor head, an anode consumable, an oil storage chamber, and a broadband acoustic signal sensor; the partition is welded to the end of the outer anchor rod, and a variable-section circular hole is opened in the center thereof, and the front end of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head is a conical structure, which passes through the circular hole of the partition and is threadedly connected to the outer anchor rod; the anode consumable is a zinc block, which is welded to the side of the partition and forms a sacrificial anode protection circuit with the metal part of the anchor rod; the oil storage chamber is provided at the tail of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head, and is connected to the anchor rod through the middle opening of the rubber pad; the broadband acoustic signal sensor is embedded in the end of the outer anchor rod, and its signal line passes through the anchor rod through the anchor rod through the external monitoring system for monitoring the development of surrounding rock cracks; the embedded anti-corrosion anchoring end also includes a concrete protective layer, which is wrapped around the outside of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head to enhance the corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the anchor rod.

[0012] Preferably, the dynamic replenishment path of the anti-corrosion oil is: the anti-corrosion oil in the oil storage chamber passes through the rubber pad openings, the outer anchor rod perforations, the shear device cavity, and the inner anchor rod perforations in sequence, covering the entire length of the anchor rod to form an anti-corrosion oil film.

[0013] Preferably, the system injects a slurry containing self-repairing microbial capsules through high-pressure grouting. After the slurry solidifies, the microbial capsules are activated and calcium carbonate is produced through the solidification effect of biological calcium source to repair the anchor rod and surrounding rock cracks.

[0014] The bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and self-healing anchor construction method proposed in the present invention is applied to any of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and self-healing anchor systems described above. The construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the maximum bearing capacity M of a single anchor and the highest vibration load of the site based on the project site , and calculate the height of the two-way seismic bulge and the length of the deformation energy dissipation block ; S2: Insert the bidirectional anti-seismic protrusions at the tail of the inner and outer anchor rods into the grooves of the lower pull-type transformer housing, bolt the upper and lower pull-type transformer housings to form a cavity, and hydraulically press them into the outer sleeve; install the first and second pull-type transformer sensors at the tail ends of the anchor rods, and fix the electromagnetic sensor to the outer wall of the outer sleeve; S3: Drill a hole in the surrounding rock with the hole diameter matching the outer diameter of the anchoring system; implant the anchoring system with the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end facing the hole mouth and the embedded anti-corrosion end facing the hole bottom; S4: Cement mortar containing urease microbial capsules is injected under high pressure. After solidification, oil is injected into the oil storage chamber. The anti-corrosion oil passes through the outer anchor rod perforations, the shear device cavity, and the inner anchor rod perforations to form a full-length oil film. S5: Apply prestress to the design value, triggering the expansion of the compression anchor block, pushing the broken wall support block to expand and contact the surrounding rock; adjust the anchor tension to ensure the bidirectional seismic bulge sliding interface works; S6: Connect the water pressure sensor, the first pull-wire sensor, the second pull-wire sensor, the broadband acoustic signal sensor and the electromagnetic sensor to the monitoring terminal to provide real-time feedback on water seepage pressure, displacement, cracks and vibration signals.

[0015] In the present invention, the proposed bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, self-healing anchoring system and its construction method are such that, when the anchor rod is stressed, the deformed energy-dissipating block of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-strength, constant-load, and shear-resistant device is compressed and moved within the sleeve. This anchoring system can deform greatly under constant load under high stress conditions and has excellent ductility, which can adapt to engineering needs. In particular, large deformation is easily generated under extreme conditions such as earthquakes, ensuring that the anchoring device does not suffer brittle failure and ensuring engineering safety. Through full structural anti-corrosion measures such as pouring repairable slurry, structural oil filling, and sacrificial anode material protection, the anti-corrosion needs of the anchoring system for long-term underground work are guaranteed, the long-term corrosion effects of the complex underground environment on the anchoring device are addressed, and the requirements of the full life cycle of modern engineering are met.

[0016] By splitting the anchor rod into two parts and providing special multi-layer protection at the separation point, the anchor system can withstand the shear stress generated by large cracks or structural surface displacement in the surrounding rock mass, avoiding shear failure. In extreme cases, the anchor system is completely sheared, and the two anchor rods can also work independently, ensuring the complete reliability of the device. The bidirectional seismic convex structure of the bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device ensures that the prestress of the anchor system will not be lost due to vibration loads caused by factors such as engineering excavation and earthquakes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional diagram of the anchoring principle of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system proposed in the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tension anti-corrosion anchor end of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, anti-corrosion, self-healing anchor system proposed in the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional diagram of a bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipating, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and self-healing anchoring system proposed in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipating, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system proposed in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anchor head of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system proposed in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipating, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system proposed in the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 101, anchor end nut; 102, compression-expansion anchor block; 103, wall-breaking support block trigger device; 104, hinge; 105, wall-breaking support block; 106, water pressure sensor; 107, inner anchor rod penetration sensor; 201, inner anchor rod; 202, outer anchor rod; 301, outer sleeve; 302, upper pull-up variable shell; 303, bidirectional seismic bulge; 304, deformable energy-absorbing block; 305, lower pull-down variable shell; 306, rubber sealing ring; 307, electromagnetic sensor; 308, first pull-wire sensor; 309, second pull-wire sensor; 310, penetration sensor; 401, partition; 402, anode consumables; 403, concrete protective layer; 404, variable-section cylindrical anchor head; 405, rubber cushion; 406, broadband acoustic signal sensor; 407, oil storage chamber; 408, outer anchor rod penetration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Reference Figure 1-6The bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system proposed by the present invention comprises: The split perforated anchor comprises an inner anchor 201 and an outer anchor 202, which are mechanically coupled via a bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant load shear device.

[0020] The bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant load shear device includes an outer sleeve 301, an upper pull-type transformer shell 302, a lower pull-type transformer shell 305, a bidirectional seismic-resistant protrusion 303, and a deformable energy-absorbing block 304; the bidirectional seismic-resistant protrusion 303 is a continuous trapezoidal boss, symmetrically distributed at the tail of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202, and embedded in the matching grooves of the upper pull-type transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-type transformer shell 305 to form a sliding friction interface; the deformable energy-absorbing block 304 is a polygonal variable-section rotating body, which contacts the inner walls of the upper pull-type transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-type transformer shell 305, and undergoes plastic deformation to absorb energy when under pressure; the upper pull-type transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-type transformer shell 305 are fixed by bolts to form a cavity, and are pressed into the outer sleeve 301 by hydraulic pressure, and the outer sleeve 301 is clearance-matched with the upper pull-type transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-type transformer shell 305.

[0021] In this embodiment, the bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant load shear device also includes a first pull-wire sensor 308, a second pull-wire sensor 309, an electromagnetic sensor 307, and a rubber sealing ring 306; the first pull-wire sensor 308 and the second pull-wire sensor 309 are respectively fixed to the tail ends of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 to monitor the displacement of the rod body; the electromagnetic sensor 307 is installed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 301 to detect rock vibration signals; the rubber sealing ring 306 is mounted on the position where the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 pass through the outer sleeve 301 to prevent leakage of anti-corrosion oil.

[0022] Specifically, the bidirectional seismic bulge 303 and the deformable energy dissipation block 304 are both high-strength anchor rods integrally cast and have good rigidity and strength. The bidirectional seismic bulge 303 is a continuous trapezoidal boss structure symmetrically distributed above and below the anchor rod, and the deformable energy dissipation block 304 is a polygonal variable-section rotating body. The tail ends of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 have exactly the same bidirectional seismic bulge 303 and deformable energy dissipation block 304. The inner anchor rod 201 is connected to the anchor end, and the outer anchor rod 202 is connected to the anchor head. The two anchor rods are provided with through holes and built-in through-hole sensors 310; the upper pull-up variable shell 302 and the lower pull-down variable shell 305 are completely symmetrical and have a cavity preset inside that matches the bidirectional seismic bulge 303 and the deformable energy dissipation block 304. There is a certain cavity between the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202, and a second A pull-wire sensor 308 and a second pull-wire sensor 309 are used to detect the tensile displacement and shear displacement of the anchor rod; during installation, the protruding parts of the tails of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 are first fitted with the lower pull-transformer shell 305, and then the upper pull-transformer shell 302 is put on the lower pull-transformer shell 305. The diameter of the outer sleeve 301 should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the cylinder after the upper pull-transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-transformer shell 305 are assembled. A hydraulic device is used to press the assembled cylinder of the upper pull-transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-transformer shell 305 into the outer sleeve 301. An electromagnetic sensor 307 is installed on the outside of the outer sleeve to detect the vibration information of the anchor rod in the crushing zone 6. After installation, the interior of the device cavity should be filled with anti-corrosion oil to protect the internal structure. A rubber sealing ring 306 is installed at the place where the anchor rod passes through the bidirectional seismic deformation and energy dissipation adaptive system to seal the cavity.

[0023] The inner anchor rod 201 is connected to the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end, and the outer anchor rod 202 is connected to the embedded anti-corrosion anchor end; both the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 are provided with axial through-holes for passing sensor connection lines, anti-corrosion oil flow channels and slurry injection channels containing self-repairing microbial capsules.

[0024] In this embodiment, the height of the bidirectional anti-seismic protrusion 303 is Satisfies the following formula: ; in, is the height of the bidirectional seismic bulge 303 (mm); is the safety factor; is the side length of the partition; is the site vibration load (MPa); is the shell yield strength (MPa); L f is the diameter of the inner and outer anchor rods (mm); is the reduction factor considering the joint operation of multiple protrusions; n is the number of bidirectional seismic protrusions on a single anchor.

[0025] In this embodiment, the maximum protruding length of the deformable energy dissipation block 304 is Satisfies the following formula: ; in, The maximum protruding length of the deformable energy dissipation block 304 (mm); M is the anchor bearing capacity (MPa); is the deformation safety factor; L f is the diameter of the inner and outer anchor rods (mm); is the reduction factor considering the joint operation of multiple protrusions; n is the number of bidirectional seismic protrusions on a single anchor.

[0026] In this embodiment, the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end includes an anchor end nut 101, a compression and expansion anchor block 102, a wall-breaking support block trigger device 103, an upper and lower symmetrical wall-breaking support block 105 with a hinge 104, and a water pressure sensor 106; the anchor end nut 101 is threadedly connected to the top of the inner anchor rod 201, and squeezes the compression and expansion anchor block 102 through axial pressure, causing the compression and expansion anchor block 102 to expand radially; the wall-breaking support block trigger device 103 is fixed to the surface of the inner anchor rod 201 and is hinged to the hinge 104. The wall-breaking support block 105 can be rotated and unfolded through the hinge 104, and the unfolding angle is controlled by tensile stress; the water pressure sensor 106 is embedded in the anchor end head, and its connecting line passes through the perforation of the inner anchor rod 201 and extends to the external monitoring terminal; the water pressure sensor 106 monitors the water seepage pressure of the anchor hole in real time, and the sensor connecting line is led out through the perforated anchor rod.

[0027] In this embodiment, the deployment mechanism of the wall-breaking support block 105 at the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end is: When the inner anchor rod 201 is pulled, the compression and expansion anchor block 102 expands radially to trigger the wall-breaking support block triggering device 103; The hinge 104 pushes the wall-breaking support block 105 to rotate outwards and expand. Positively correlated with tensile stress, expansion angle Range .

[0028] Specifically, when the inner anchor rod 201 is under tension, the anchor end nut 101 squeezes the compression anchor block 102. Under the action of pressure, the compression anchor block 102 deforms, generating a compressive anchoring force with the anchor hole, and at the same time triggering the wall-breaking support block triggering device 103 on the inner anchor rod 201. As a result, the three groups of wall-breaking support blocks 105 symmetrically distributed above and below the inner anchor rod 201 break the surrounding rock and open under the action of the hinge 104, providing sufficient anchoring force for the entire anchoring system. At the same time, the opening angle of the wall-breaking support blocks 105 gradually increases as the inner anchor rod 201 is pulled, and the anchoring force gradually increases, thereby achieving complete anchoring. A water pressure sensor 106 is installed at the end of the anchor end to detect the rock environment around the anchor rod. The sensor connection line passes through the perforations of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202, and an inner anchor rod penetration sensor 107 is installed on the inner anchor rod 201 to monitor the stress state of the inner anchor rod 201.

[0029] In this embodiment, the embedded anti-corrosion anchoring end includes a partition 401, a variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404, an anode consumable 402, an oil storage chamber 407, and a broadband acoustic signal sensor 406; the partition 401 is welded to the end of the outer anchor rod 202, and a variable-section circular hole is opened in the center thereof. The front end of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 is a conical structure, which passes through the circular hole of the partition 401 and is threadedly connected to the outer anchor rod 202; the anode consumable 402 is a zinc block, which is welded to the side of the partition 401 and is in the shape of the metal part of the anchor rod. A sacrificial anode protection circuit is formed; the oil storage chamber 407 is arranged at the tail of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404, and is connected to the anchor rod through the middle opening of the rubber pad 405; the broadband acoustic signal sensor 406 is embedded in the end of the outer anchor rod 202, and its signal line passes through the anchor rod through the anchor rod through the external monitoring system for monitoring the development of surrounding rock cracks; the embedded anti-corrosion anchoring end also includes a concrete protective layer 403, which is wrapped around the outside of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 to enhance the corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the anchor rod.

[0030] Specifically, the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 consists of two parts, the front end is a linear variable-section cone, the tail is a cylinder, and the entire variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 is provided with a threaded hole; the anode consumable 402 is a zinc block welded to the side of a high-strength steel partition 401, and a variable-section circular hole is dug in the middle of the partition 401. The maximum diameter of the hole is smaller than the maximum diameter of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404, and the minimum diameter of the hole is approximately equal to the minimum diameter of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404; during installation, the partition 401 is passed through the anchor rod and attached to the surrounding rock On the top, a special high-torque electric drill is used to fix the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 on the threaded anchor rod, and it should be ensured that the front end of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 completely passes through the partition 401, and the rubber pad 405 is placed at the tail of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head. A hole is opened in the middle so that the anti-corrosion oil in the oil storage chamber 407 can flow into the perforation of the outer anchor rod 202, thereby replenishing the anti-corrosion oil that may seep out of the internal cavity of the bidirectional seismic deformation energy dissipation adaptive system, and at the same time, the variable-section cylindrical anchor head 404 is separated from the contact surface of the surrounding rock 5 to reduce water infiltration. An outer anchor rod penetration sensor 408 is installed near the end of the outer anchor rod 202 to monitor the stress condition of the outer anchor rod 202, and a broadband acoustic signal sensor 406 is installed at the end of the outer anchor rod 202 to monitor the crack development condition of the rock mass around the anchor rod, providing protection for engineering safety.

[0031] It should be noted that the concrete protective layer 403 works synergistically with the anti-corrosion oil and self-repairing microbial capsule slurry in the oil storage chamber 407 to form a three-level anti-corrosion barrier.

[0032] In this embodiment, the dynamic replenishment path of the anti-corrosion oil is: the anti-corrosion oil in the oil storage chamber 407 passes through the opening of the rubber pad 405, the perforation of the outer anchor rod 202, the cavity of the shear device, and the perforation of the inner anchor rod 201 in sequence, covering the entire length of the anchor rod to form an anti-corrosion oil film.

[0033] Specifically, the system injects a slurry containing self-repairing microbial capsules through high-pressure grouting. After the slurry solidifies, the microbial capsules are activated and produce calcium carbonate through the solidification effect of biological calcium source to repair the anchor rods and surrounding rock cracks.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-6 The bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, anti-shear, anti-corrosion, and self-healing anchor construction method proposed in the present invention is applied to any of the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, anti-shear, anti-corrosion, and self-healing anchor systems described above. The construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the maximum bearing capacity M of a single anchor and the highest vibration load of the site based on the project site , and calculate the height of the two-way seismic bulge and the length of the deformation energy dissipation block .

[0035] Specifically, the main structural dimensions and related parameters of this device are designed according to the actual project conditions: (1) Determine the protrusion height of the bidirectional seismic bulge 303 in the bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device , to ensure that the entire anchor rod does not vibrate inside the device when subjected to vibration load. The calculation process is as follows: ; ; ; Therefore: ; in, Indicates the maximum vibration force (KN) that all bidirectional seismic bulges on a single anchor (inner anchor or outer anchor) can withstand. The maximum vibration force that a single bidirectional seismic bulge can withstand (KN). To consider the reduction factor of multiple bidirectional seismic bulges working together, n is the number of bidirectional seismic bulges on a single anchor rod, is the design value of yield strength of the upper and lower pull-down transformer shells of the bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device (MPa), is the cross-sectional area of ​​the bidirectional seismic convex part (mm 2 ), is the safety magnification factor (the value is greater than 1).

[0036] (2) Determine the maximum protruding radius of the deformable energy dissipation block 304 in the bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device , to ensure that the deformation energy dissipation block 304 can buckle the upper and lower deformation shells 302 and 305 to generate large deformation energy dissipation, and the anchor rod will not be broken at this time. The calculation process is as follows: ; ; ; Therefore: ; ; in, is the maximum bearing capacity of the anchor rod (KN); is the design value of anchor yield strength (MPa); The maximum pressure (KN) generated by the deformation energy dissipation block 304 in the bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device when the upper pull-down transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-down transformer shell 305 are buckled; L b is the maximum cross-sectional thickness of the protruding portion of the deformable energy dissipation block 304 (mm); S 屈服面 is the extrusion contact area between the upper pull-up shell 302, the lower pull-down shell 305 and the deformable energy dissipation block 304 (mm2 ); F 屈 The maximum yield force (KN) generated by the upper pull-down transformer housing 302 and the lower pull-down transformer housing 305 being squeezed and deformed by the deformable energy dissipation block 304 under the action of external force; F 摩 is the friction force (KN) generated by the cross-section extrusion between the upper and lower pull-down shells 302, 305, the deformed energy dissipation block 304, and the bidirectional seismic bulge 303; M is the anchor bearing capacity (MPa). Considering that although the cavity is filled with oil, some contact surfaces will still generate a certain amount of friction and safety design principles, a safety factor is introduced here. ( The value is greater than 1).

[0037] (3) Determine the relative shear displacement of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 in the bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device and relative horizontal displacement : According to the geometric relationship, it is obvious that:

[0038] in, 、 is the initial length of the first wire sensor 308 and the second wire sensor 309 (mm); L a is the horizontal initial distance between the first pull-wire sensor 308 and the second pull-wire sensor 309 (mm); 、 It is the elongation (mm) of the first wire sensor 308 and the second wire sensor 309 after the anchor rod is subjected to tension and shear.

[0039] S2: Insert the bidirectional anti-seismic protrusions 303 at the tail of the inner anchor rod 201 and the outer anchor rod 202 into the groove of the lower pull-type transformer shell 305, fix the upper pull-type transformer shell 302 and the lower pull-type transformer shell 305 with bolts to form a cavity, and hydraulically press them into the outer sleeve 301; install the first pull-wire sensor 308 and the second pull-wire sensor 309 at the tail end of the anchor rod, and fix the electromagnetic sensor 307 on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 301.

[0040] S3: Drill a hole in the surrounding rock with the hole diameter matching the outer diameter of the anchoring system; implant the anchoring system with the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end facing the hole mouth and the embedded anti-corrosion end facing the hole bottom.

[0041] S4: Cement mortar containing urease microbial capsules is injected under high pressure. After solidification, oil is injected into the oil storage chamber 407. The anti-corrosion oil passes through the holes of the outer anchor rod 202, the cavity of the shear device, and the holes of the inner anchor rod 201 to form a full-length oil film.

[0042] S5: Apply prestress to the design value, triggering the expansion of the compression-expansion anchor block 102, pushing the wall-breaking support block 105 to expand and contact the surrounding rock; adjust the anchor tension to ensure that the sliding interface of the bidirectional seismic bulge 303 works.

[0043] S6: Connect the water pressure sensor 106, the first pull-wire sensor 308, the second pull-wire sensor 309, the broadband acoustic signal sensor 406 and the electromagnetic sensor 307 to the monitoring terminal to provide real-time feedback on water seepage pressure, displacement, cracks and vibration signals.

[0044] Specifically, in the later monitoring and maintenance, the water pressure sensor 106 is used to monitor the water seepage inside the anchor hole, the inner anchor rod penetration sensor 107, the outer anchor rod penetration sensor 408 and the penetration sensor 310 are used to monitor the stress conditions of different parts of the anchor rod respectively, the first pull-wire sensor 308 and the second pull-wire sensor 309 are used to monitor the displacement of the anchor rod under tension and shear, the broadband acoustic signal sensor 406 is used to monitor the development and damage of rock cracks around the anchor hole, and the electromagnetic sensor 307 is used to monitor the rock vibration signal.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Bidirectional seismic, high energy dissipation, shear, corrosion resistant and self-healing anchoring system, characterized by: include: A split perforated anchor rod comprises an inner anchor rod (201) and an outer anchor rod (202), the two being mechanically coupled via a bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device; A bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant-load shear device comprises an outer sleeve (301), an upper pull-type variable shell (302), a lower pull-type variable shell (305), a bidirectional seismic-resistant protrusion (303), and a deformable energy-absorbing block (304); the bidirectional seismic-resistant protrusion (303) is a continuous trapezoidal boss, symmetrically distributed at the tail of the inner anchor rod (201) and the outer anchor rod (202), and embedded in the matching grooves of the upper pull-type variable shell (302) and the lower pull-type variable shell (305), forming a sliding friction interface The deformable energy-absorbing block (304) is a polygonal variable-section rotating body, which contacts the inner walls of the upper pull-type variable shell (302) and the lower pull-type variable shell (305), and undergoes plastic deformation to absorb energy when under pressure; the upper pull-type variable shell (302) and the lower pull-type variable shell (305) are fixed by bolts to form a cavity, and are hydraulically pressed into the outer sleeve (301), and the outer sleeve (301) is clearance-matched with the upper pull-type variable shell (302) and the lower pull-type variable shell (305); The inner anchor rod (201) is connected to the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end, and the outer anchor rod (202) is connected to the embedded anti-corrosion anchor end; both the inner anchor rod (201) and the outer anchor rod (202) are provided with axial through-holes for passing sensor connection lines, anti-corrosion oil flow channels, and slurry injection channels containing self-repairing microbial capsules.

2. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the bidirectional anti-seismic protrusion (303) Satisfies the following formula: ； in, Bidirectional seismic bulge height (mm); is the safety factor; is the side length of the partition (mm); is the site vibration load (MPa); is the shell yield strength (MPa); L f is the diameter of the inner and outer anchor rods (mm); is the reduction factor considering the joint operation of multiple protrusions; n is the number of bidirectional seismic protrusions on a single anchor.

3. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The maximum protruding length of the deformable energy-consuming block (304) Satisfies the following formula: ； in, Bidirectional seismic bulge height (mm); M is the anchor bearing capacity (MPa); L f is the diameter of the inner and outer anchor rods (mm); is the deformation safety factor; Design value of yield strength of upper and lower pull-down transformer shells of bidirectional seismic high-strength constant load shear device (MPa); is the reduction factor considering the joint operation of multiple protrusions; n is the number of bidirectional seismic protrusions on a single anchor.

4. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bidirectional seismic-resistant high-strength constant load shear device further comprises a first pull-wire sensor (308), a second pull-wire sensor (309), an electromagnetic sensor (307), and a rubber sealing ring (306); the first pull-wire sensor (308) and the second pull-wire sensor (309) are respectively fixed to the tail ends of the inner anchor rod (201) and the outer anchor rod (202) to monitor the displacement of the rod body; the electromagnetic sensor (307) is installed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (301) to detect the rock vibration signal; the rubber sealing ring (306) is sleeved on the position where the inner anchor rod (201) and the outer anchor rod (202) pass through the outer sleeve (301) to prevent the anti-corrosion oil from leaking.

5. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tension anti-corrosion anchoring end comprises an anchoring end nut (101), a compression-expansion anchoring block (102), a wall-breaking support block triggering device (103), an upper and lower symmetrical wall-breaking support block (105) with a hinge (104), and a water pressure sensor (106); the anchoring end nut (101) is threadedly connected to the top of the inner anchor rod (201), and compresses the compression-expansion anchoring block (102) through axial pressure, so that the compression-expansion anchoring block (102) expands radially; the wall-breaking support block triggering device (103) The triggering device (103) is fixed to the surface of the inner anchor rod (201) and is hinged to the hinge (104). The wall-breaking support block (105) can be rotated and unfolded through the hinge (104), and the unfolding angle is controlled by the tensile stress. The water pressure sensor (106) is embedded in the anchor end head, and its connecting line passes through the perforation of the inner anchor rod (201) and extends to the external monitoring terminal. The water pressure sensor (106) monitors the water seepage pressure of the anchor hole in real time, and the sensor connecting line is led out through the perforated anchor rod.

6. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The expansion mechanism of the wall-breaking support block (105) at the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end is: When the inner anchor rod (201) is pulled, the compression-expansion anchor block (102) radially expands to trigger the wall-breaking support block triggering device (103); The hinge (104) pushes the wall-breaking support block (105) to rotate outward and expand. Positively correlated with tensile stress, expansion angle Range .

7. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The embedded anti-corrosion anchoring end comprises a partition (401), a variable-section cylindrical anchor head (404), an anode consumable (402), an oil storage chamber (407), and a broadband acoustic signal sensor (406); the partition (401) is welded to the end of the outer anchor rod (202), and a variable-section circular hole is provided in the center thereof; the front end of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head (404) is a conical structure, passes through the circular hole of the partition (401) and is threadedly connected to the outer anchor rod (202); the anode consumable (402) is a zinc block, which is welded to the side of the partition (401) and is connected to the anchor rod metal. Partially forms a sacrificial anode protection circuit; the oil storage chamber (407) is arranged at the tail of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head (404), and is connected to the anchor rod through the middle opening of the rubber cushion layer (405); the broadband acoustic signal sensor (406) is embedded in the end of the outer anchor rod (202), and its signal line passes through the anchor rod through the anchor rod through the external monitoring system for monitoring the development of surrounding rock cracks; the embedded anti-corrosion anchoring end also includes a concrete protective layer (403), which is wrapped around the outside of the variable-section cylindrical anchor head (404) to enhance the corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the anchor rod.

8. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The dynamic replenishment path of the anti-corrosion oil is as follows: the anti-corrosion oil in the oil storage chamber (407) passes through the opening of the rubber cushion layer (405), the perforation of the outer anchor rod (202), the cavity of the shear device, and the perforation of the inner anchor rod (201) in sequence, covering the entire length of the anchor rod to form an anti-corrosion oil film.

9. The bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system injects slurry containing self-repairing microbial capsules through high-pressure grouting. After the slurry solidifies, the microbial capsules are activated and calcium carbonate is generated through the solidification action of biological calcium source to repair the anchor rod and surrounding rock cracks.

10. A bidirectional earthquake-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, anti-corrosion, and self-healing anchoring construction method, characterized in that: Applied to the bidirectional seismic-resistant, high-energy-dissipation, shear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and self-healing anchoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the maximum bearing capacity M of a single anchor and the highest vibration load of the site based on the project site , and calculate the height of the two-way seismic bulge and the length of the deformation energy dissipation block ; S2: embed the bidirectional anti-seismic protrusions (303) at the tail ends of the inner anchor rod (201) and the outer anchor rod (202) into the grooves of the lower pull-type transformer housing (305), bolt the upper pull-type transformer housing (302) and the lower pull-type transformer housing (305) to form a cavity, and hydraulically press them into the outer sleeve (301); install the first pull-wire sensor (308) and the second pull-wire sensor (309) at the tail ends of the anchor rods, and fix the electromagnetic sensor (307) to the outer wall of the outer sleeve (301); S3: Drill a hole in the surrounding rock with the hole diameter matching the outer diameter of the anchoring system; implant the anchoring system with the tensioned anti-corrosion anchor end facing the hole mouth and the embedded anti-corrosion end facing the hole bottom; S4: injecting cement mortar containing urease microbial capsules under high pressure, and injecting oil into the oil storage chamber (407) after solidification, so that the anti-corrosion oil forms a full-length oil film through the perforation of the outer anchor rod (202), the cavity of the shear device, and the perforation of the inner anchor rod (201); S5: applying prestress to the design value, triggering the expansion of the compression anchor block (102), pushing the wall-breaking support block (105) to expand and contact the surrounding rock; adjusting the anchor tension to ensure that the sliding interface of the bidirectional seismic bulge (303) works; S6: Connect the water pressure sensor (106), the first pull-wire sensor (308), the second pull-wire sensor (309), the broadband acoustic signal sensor (406) and the electromagnetic sensor (307) to the monitoring terminal to provide real-time feedback on water seepage pressure, displacement, cracks and vibration signals.

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