Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area

Abstract

The invention discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with an adjustable heat exchange area, which relates to the technical field of heat exchangers and comprises a heat exchange mechanism. According to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the adjustable heat exchange area, through the design of the heat exchange mechanism, a cold medium enters the interior of the front tube box from the cold inflow tube, enters the interior of the rear tube box from the composite mechanism on the upper half side, enters the interior of the composite mechanism on the lower half side from the rear tube box and finally flows out of the cold outflow tube, and a heat medium enters the heat inflow tube from the heat inflow tube; according to the heat exchanger, the heat exchange effect is achieved through the adjusting mechanism, transverse telescopic operation is conducted on the middle portion of the heat exchange mechanism through the adjusting mechanism, so that the heat exchange area is adjusted, the effect of meeting different work requirements is achieved, adjustment is facilitated, and the equipment applicability is improved; when the adjusting mechanism stretches out and draws back, the support in the frame body slides on the track, so that the stability of equipment during operation is kept, and normal operation of the equipment is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube heat exchanger is the most widely used heat exchanger in industry. It is mainly composed of shell, tube sheet, heat exchange tube, head, baffle and other components. It can be made of stainless steel, ordinary carbon steel, copper or other non-ferrous metals. During operation, one fluid enters from the pipe at one end of the head, passes through the heat exchange tube, and flows out from the pipe at the other end of the head. This is called the tube side; the other fluid enters from one pipe on the shell and flows out from the other pipe on the shell. This is called the shell side. As the key component of heat transfer between cold and hot fluids, the heat exchange tube has been continuously optimized in structure and type. The shell and tube heat exchanger is the most widely used heat exchanger in industry. It is mainly composed of shell, tube sheet, heat exchange tube, head, baffle and other components. Stainless steel, ordinary carbon steel, copper or other non-ferrous metals can be used as materials. During operation, one fluid enters from the pipe at one end of the head, passes through the heat exchange tube, and flows out from the pipe at the other end of the head, which is called the tube side; the other fluid enters from one pipe on the shell and flows out from the other pipe on the shell, which is called the shell side. As a key component for heat transfer between cold and hot fluids, the structure and type of the heat exchange tube are constantly being optimized.

[0003] However, the heat exchange area of ​​the current shell and tube heat exchangers is a fixed design. If different heat exchange areas are required, it is necessary to purchase multiple shell and tube heat exchangers with different heat exchange areas, which undoubtedly greatly increases the cost of use. Therefore, a new design was developed to address this situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area, comprising a heat exchange mechanism, a frame fixedly connected to the outside of the heat exchange mechanism, a composite mechanism fixedly connected to the middle of the heat exchange mechanism, and a processing mechanism fixedly connected to one side of the heat exchange mechanism;

[0005] The heat exchange mechanism includes a front pipe box, one side of the outside of the front pipe box is fixedly connected to the regulating mechanism, one side of the inner wall of the regulating mechanism is fixedly connected to a closing plate, one side of the outside of the closing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the composite mechanism, and both sides of the inner wall of the regulating mechanism are fixedly connected to baffles, and the middle of the heat exchange mechanism is laterally extended and retracted by the regulating mechanism, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the heat exchange area, thereby achieving the effect of meeting different working requirements, facilitating adjustment, and improving the applicability of the equipment. When the medium passes through the regulating mechanism, it contacts the baffle, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency, increasing the medium fluid disturbance, and extending the fluid path. The side of the outside of the regulating mechanism away from the front pipe box is fixedly connected to the rear pipe box, the inner side of the rear pipe box is fixedly connected to the outer side of the processing mechanism, and the side of the outside of the front pipe box is fixedly connected to the cold inlet pipe. The cold medium enters the front tube box from the cold inlet pipe, enters the rear tube box from the composite mechanism on the upper half, enters the composite mechanism on the lower half from the rear tube box, and finally flows out from the cold outlet pipe. The hot medium enters from the hot inlet pipe and flows to the hot outlet pipe through the regulating mechanism, thereby achieving the effect of heat exchange. The side of the outside of the front tube box away from the cold inlet pipe is fixedly connected with the cold outlet pipe, the side of the outside of the regulating mechanism close to the cold inlet pipe is fixedly connected with the hot inlet pipe, and the side of the outside of the regulating mechanism close to the rear tube box is fixedly connected with the hot outlet pipe, which supports the composite mechanism and has a certain protective effect, reducing the vibration of components. The heat exchange mechanism is supported by the frame. When the regulating mechanism is extended or retracted, the internal bracket of the frame slides on the track, thereby maintaining the stability of the equipment during operation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment housing, an electric push rod fixedly connected to one side of the outer portion of the adjustment housing, and the electric push rod controls the cylindrical housing to slide inside the adjustment housing, thereby adjusting the heat exchange area. The outer side of the electric push rod away from the adjustment housing is fixedly connected to an external end, and the outer side of the external end is fixedly connected to the cylindrical housing. When the cylindrical housing slides inside the adjustment housing, the composite mechanism expands and contracts with the equipment operation, thereby meeting the needs of the adjustment operation and maintaining the normal operation of the equipment. By adjusting the heat exchange area, operating costs are reduced. If the heated area is unreasonable, it may cause local overheating or overcooling, causing thermal stress and deformation of the equipment, and accelerating equipment wear. By adjusting the heated area, the temperature distribution of the equipment is uniform, which can reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, an external plate is fixedly connected to the side of the outside of the cylindrical shell close to the adjusting shell, and the external plate slides with the cylindrical shell to improve the sealing between the components, avoid leakage in subsequent operations, and maintain the integrity of the equipment. A docking mechanism is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the adjusting shell. As the cylindrical shell moves toward the middle of the adjusting shell, the docking mechanism plays a shock-absorbing and buffering role, thereby reducing wear between components and preventing excessive wear of components, thereby extending the service life of the components. A groove is provided on the side of the external plate close to the docking mechanism. As the external plate is fitted with the docking mechanism, the groove on the surface of the external plate is plugged into the docking mechanism, thereby improving the sealing between the components, reducing the flow of medium in the gap, thereby reducing fluid impurities, and keeping the interior of the equipment unobstructed.

[0008] Preferably, the docking mechanism includes an annular frame, the outer side of the annular frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting shell, the inner side of the annular frame is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell, and the inner side of the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected to a spring bar, and the reaction force of the spring bar is used to prevent the cylindrical shell from sliding excessively, thereby playing a certain limiting role, and the outer side of the spring bar away from the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected to a sliding block, and when the cylindrical shell contacts the annular baffle, the annular baffle drives the sliding block to squeeze the spring bar, thereby achieving the effect of shock absorption and buffering, reducing the vibration amplitude during docking, and improving the stability of the equipment, thereby maintaining the continuous operation of the equipment, and the outer side of the sliding block away from the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected to the annular baffle, and when the annular baffle contacts the external plate, the plug-in block is inserted into the groove of the external plate, thereby improving the sealing between the components, reducing the gap between the components, and preventing leakage, and the outer side of the annular baffle away from the sliding block is fixedly connected to the plug-in block.

[0009] Preferably, the composite mechanism includes a barrel, and a closing plate is arranged on both sides of the barrel and the sliding tube. When the adjusting mechanism is laterally extended and retracted, the barrel and the sliding tube are driven to slide and retract, thereby satisfying the function of component adjustment. The inner wall of the barrel is slidably connected to the sliding tube. When the sliding tube slides toward the inside of the barrel, impurities inside the barrel are peeled off by friction to avoid blockage. The inner wall of the sliding tube is fixedly connected to a spiral plate on the side close to the front tube box, and a spiral plate is arranged on the inside of the sliding tube. The flow mode of the fluid is adjusted by the spiral structure, so that the fluid is rotated in a spiral manner, thereby increasing the turbulent effect, improving the heat exchange efficiency, reducing the equipment size and energy consumption, as well as improving the transportation efficiency and reducing the flow resistance. The inner wall of the sliding tube is fixedly connected to a rotating mechanism, which is driven by turbulence to rotate, thereby achieving the function of cleaning impurities on the inner wall and preventing dirt from settling.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a fixing frame, the outer side of the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube, a connecting rod is fixedly connected between opposite surfaces of the fixing frame, the outer side of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a first bearing, and the outer side of the first bearing is fixedly connected to a square paddle, and the spiral plate changes the fluid to impact the square paddle, driving the square paddle to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of friction on the inner wall of the pipe, thereby scraping the inner wall of the pipe, and the rotating motion of the fluid can produce a scouring effect on the inner wall of the pipe, making it difficult for impurities and particles in the fluid to settle on the pipe wall, and the rotating fluid continuously impacts the pipe wall, preventing the accumulation of impurities, keeping the inner wall of the pipe clean, and extending the service life of the pipe.

[0011] The outer wall of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the outside of the second bearing, and the inner wall of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the inside of the second bearing. The outer wall of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the inside of the second bearing. The outer wall of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the inside of the second bearing. The outer wall of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the outside of the second bearing. The outer wall of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the processing end block. The outer side of the processing end block is plugged into a square paddle rack, and the square paddle rack is plugged into the processing end block, which is convenient for subsequent replacement and reduces maintenance difficulty. The inner side of the square paddle rack is fixedly connected to a paddle board, and the middle part of the outer side of the connecting column is fixedly connected to a friction mechanism. The fluid enters the interior of the rear pipe box and drives the square paddle rack and the paddle board to impact, thereby increasing the force area of ​​the fluid, thereby driving the connecting column to rotate through the components, driving the friction mechanism to rotate, and rubbing the inner wall of the rear pipe box, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the inner wall of the equipment, preventing the fluid from being flushed on the inner wall of the equipment for a long time, resulting in impurities accumulating on the inner wall of the equipment, and avoiding affecting the subsequent fluid flow effect. The inner side of the friction mechanism is fixedly connected to a cleaning mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the friction mechanism includes a connecting column, the inner side of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting column, the outer side of the connecting column is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal bracket, and the friction column is rotatably connected between the opposite surfaces of the trapezoidal bracket. The connecting column is driven to rotate by the rotation of the connecting column, so that the friction column rubs against the inside of the equipment, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning impurities on the inner wall of the equipment, reducing impurities on the inner wall of the equipment through friction, reducing impurity accumulation, avoiding agglomeration after long-term accumulation, preventing increased difficulty in subsequent cleaning, avoiding blockage, and affecting subsequent fluid flow efficiency. The outer side of the friction column is fixedly connected to a connecting scraper, and the contact area is increased by the connecting scraper, thereby improving friction performance, further improving cleaning effect, and improving cleaning efficiency. The inner side of the trapezoidal bracket is fixedly connected to the outer side of the cleaning mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning bracket, and a receiving bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the outside of the cleaning bracket away from the connecting column, and a cylindrical block is fixedly connected to the outside of the receiving bracket. The friction column rotates and frictionally adapts to the cylindrical block, so as to achieve the effect of cleaning impurities on the surface of the component, avoid excessive accumulation of impurities, and prevent the subsequent friction effect from being affected. A cylindrical groove is provided on the outside of the cylindrical block, and the chip removal effect is enhanced by providing the cylindrical groove, and the adsorption of debris is reduced, so as to keep the surface of the component clean, prevent the accumulation of impurities from corroding the component, and thus extend the service life of the component.

[0014] The present invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area is designed with a composite mechanism. The cold medium enters the front tube box from the cold inlet pipe, enters the rear tube box from the composite mechanism on the upper half, enters the composite mechanism on the lower half from the rear tube box, and finally flows out from the cold outlet pipe. The hot medium enters from the hot inlet pipe and flows to the hot outlet pipe through the regulating mechanism, thereby achieving the effect of heat exchange. The middle part of the heat exchange mechanism is laterally extended and retracted by the regulating mechanism to adjust the heat exchange area, thereby meeting different work requirements, facilitating adjustment, and improving the applicability of the equipment. When the medium passes through the regulating mechanism, it contacts the baffle, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency, increasing the medium fluid disturbance, extending the fluid path, supporting the composite mechanism, and at the same time having a certain protective effect, reducing component vibration, and supporting the heat exchange mechanism through the frame. When the regulating mechanism is extended and retracted, the internal bracket of the frame slides on the track, thereby maintaining the stability of the equipment during operation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0016] 2. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area is designed with an adjustment mechanism. The electric push rod controls the cylindrical shell to slide inside the adjustment shell, so as to adjust the heat exchange area. When the cylindrical shell slides inside the adjustment shell, the composite mechanism expands and contracts with the operation of the equipment to meet the needs of the adjustment operation and maintain the normal operation of the equipment. The operating cost is reduced by adjusting the heat exchange area. If the heating area is unreasonable, it may cause local overheating or overcooling, causing thermal stress and deformation of the equipment, and accelerated equipment wear. By adjusting the heated area, the temperature distribution of the equipment is uniform, which can reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the equipment. The external plate slides with the cylindrical shell to improve the sealing between components, avoid leakage in subsequent operations, and maintain the integrity of the equipment. Secondly, as the cylindrical shell moves toward the middle of the adjustment shell, the docking mechanism plays a shock-absorbing and buffering role, thereby reducing wear between components and preventing excessive wear of components, thereby extending the service life of components. At the same time, as the external plate fits with the docking mechanism, the groove on the surface of the external plate is plugged into the docking mechanism, thereby improving the sealing between components, reducing the flow of medium in the gap, thereby reducing fluid impurities, and keeping the interior of the equipment unobstructed.

[0017] 3. This shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area is designed with a docking mechanism. When the cylindrical shell contacts the annular baffle, the annular baffle drives the sliding block to squeeze the spring bar, thereby achieving a shock-absorbing and buffering effect, reducing the vibration amplitude during docking, and improving the stability of the equipment, thereby maintaining continuous operation of the equipment. At the same time, the reaction force of the spring bar prevents excessive sliding of the cylindrical shell and plays a certain limiting role. When the annular baffle contacts the external plate, the plug-in block is inserted into the groove of the external plate, thereby improving the sealing between the components, reducing the gap between the components, and preventing leakage.

[0018] 4. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area is designed with a composite mechanism. The closing plates are arranged on both sides of the barrel and the sliding tube. When the adjustment mechanism is laterally extended and contracted, the barrel and the sliding tube are driven to slide and contract, thereby satisfying the function of component adjustment. When the sliding tube slides toward the inside of the barrel, impurities inside the barrel are peeled off by friction to avoid blockage. A spiral plate is provided on the inside of the sliding tube, and the flow mode of the fluid is adjusted by the spiral structure, so that the fluid is rotated in a spiral manner, thereby increasing the turbulent effect, improving the heat exchange efficiency, reducing the equipment size and energy consumption, and improving the transportation efficiency. It reduces the flow resistance and drives the rotating mechanism to rotate through the turbulence to clean the impurities on the inner wall and prevent the precipitation of dirt.

[0019] 5. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area is designed with a processing mechanism. The fluid enters the rear tube box and drives the square paddle rack and paddle plate to impact, thereby increasing the force area of ​​the fluid. The connecting column is driven to rotate through the components, and the friction mechanism is driven to rotate to rub the inner wall of the rear tube box, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the inner wall of the equipment, preventing the fluid from flushing the inner wall of the equipment for a long time, causing impurities to accumulate on the inner wall of the equipment, and avoiding affecting the subsequent fluid flow effect. The square paddle rack is plugged into the processing end block to facilitate subsequent replacement and reduce maintenance difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area of ​​the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the shell and tube heat exchanger structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the docking mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the processing mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the friction mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1, heat exchange mechanism; 2, composite mechanism; 3, processing mechanism; 4, frame; 11, front pipe box; 12, closing plate; 13, baffle; 14, adjustment mechanism; 15, rear pipe box; 16, cold inlet pipe; 17, cold outlet pipe; 18, hot inlet pipe; 19, hot outlet pipe; 141, adjustment shell; 142, electric push rod; 143, external end; 144, cylindrical shell; 145, external plate; 146, docking mechanism; 1461, annular frame; 1462, cylindrical shell; 1463, spring bar; 1464, sliding block; 1465, annular baffle; 14 66. Plug-in block; 21. Bobbin; 22. Sliding tube; 23. Spiral plate; 24. Rotating mechanism; 241. Fixed frame; 242. Connecting rod; 243. First bearing; 244. Square pick; 31. Processing base; 32. Second bearing; 33. Connecting column; 34. Processing end block; 35. Square paddle rack; 36. Paddle; 37. Friction mechanism; 38. Cleaning mechanism; 371. Connecting column; 372. Trapezoidal bracket; 373. Friction column; 374. Connecting scraper block; 381. Cleaning bracket; 382. Receiving frame; 383. Columnar block; 384. Cylindrical groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The first embodiment, as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area, comprising a heat exchange mechanism 1, a frame 4 fixedly connected to the outside of the heat exchange mechanism 1, a composite mechanism 2 fixedly connected to the middle of the heat exchange mechanism 1, and a processing mechanism 3 fixedly connected to one side of the heat exchange mechanism 1;

[0032] The heat exchange mechanism 1 includes a front pipe box 11, an outer side of the front pipe box 11 is fixedly connected to a regulating mechanism 14, a side of the inner wall of the regulating mechanism 14 is fixedly connected to a closing plate 12, a side of the outer side of the closing plate 12 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the composite mechanism 2, baffles 13 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the regulating mechanism 14, a side of the outer side of the regulating mechanism 14 away from the front pipe box 11 is fixedly connected to a rear pipe box 15, an inner side of the rear pipe box 15 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the processing mechanism 3, a side of the outer side of the front pipe box 11 is fixedly connected to a cold inlet pipe 16, a side of the outer side of the front pipe box 11 away from the cold inlet pipe 16 is fixedly connected to a cold outlet pipe 17, a side of the outer side of the regulating mechanism 14 close to the cold inlet pipe 16 is fixedly connected to a hot inlet pipe 18, and a side of the outer side of the regulating mechanism 14 close to the rear pipe box 15 is fixedly connected to a hot outlet pipe 19. The cold medium enters the front pipe box 11 from the cold inlet pipe 16, enters the rear pipe box 15 from the upper half of the composite mechanism 2, enters the lower half of the composite mechanism 2 from the rear pipe box 15, and finally flows out from the cold outlet pipe 17. The hot medium enters from the hot inlet pipe 18 and flows to the hot outlet pipe 19 through the regulating mechanism 14, thereby achieving the effect of heat exchange. The regulating mechanism 14 is used to perform a transverse expansion and contraction operation on the middle part of the heat exchange mechanism 1, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the heat exchange area, thereby achieving the effect of meeting different work requirements, facilitating adjustment, and improving the applicability of the equipment. When the medium passes through the regulating mechanism 14, it contacts the deflector 13, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency, increasing the medium fluid disturbance, extending the fluid path, supporting the composite mechanism 2, and at the same time having a certain protective effect, reducing component vibration, and supporting the heat exchange mechanism 1 through the frame 4. When the regulating mechanism 14 is expanded and contracted, the internal bracket of the frame 4 slides on the track, thereby maintaining the stability of the equipment during operation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0033] Adjustment mechanism 14 includes an adjustment housing 141, with an electric push rod 142 fixedly connected to one side of the exterior of adjustment housing 141. An external end 143 is fixedly connected to the exterior of electric push rod 142, away from adjustment housing 141. A cylindrical housing 144 is fixedly connected to the exterior of external end 143. Electric push rod 142 controls the sliding of cylindrical housing 144 within adjustment housing 141, thereby adjusting the heat exchange area. As cylindrical housing 144 slides within adjustment housing 141, composite mechanism 2 expands and contracts as the equipment operates, thereby meeting the needs of the adjustment operation and maintaining normal operation. Adjusting the heat exchange area reduces operating costs. An unreasonable heating area can lead to local overheating or overcooling, causing thermal stress and deformation in the equipment, and accelerating wear. By adjusting the heating area, the equipment temperature is evenly distributed, which can reduce the frequency of equipment repair and replacement, lower equipment maintenance costs, and extend the equipment's service life.

[0034] An external plate 145 is fixedly connected to the side of the cylindrical shell 144 near the adjustment shell 141, and a docking mechanism 146 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the adjustment shell 141. A groove is provided on the side of the external plate 145 near the docking mechanism 146. The external plate 145 slides along with the cylindrical shell 144 to improve the sealing between components, avoid leakage in subsequent operations, and maintain the integrity of the equipment. Secondly, as the cylindrical shell 144 moves toward the middle of the adjustment shell 141, the docking mechanism 146 acts as a shock absorber, thereby reducing wear between components and preventing excessive wear of components, thereby extending the service life of the components. At the same time, as the external plate 145 and the docking mechanism 146 are fitted together, the groove on the surface of the external plate 145 is plugged into the docking mechanism 146, thereby improving the sealing between components, reducing the flow of medium in the gap, thereby reducing fluid impurities, and maintaining smooth flow inside the equipment.

[0035] The docking mechanism 146 includes an annular frame 1461, the outer side of the annular frame 1461 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment shell 141, the inner side of the annular frame 1461 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell 1462, the inner side of the cylindrical shell 1462 is fixedly connected to the spring bar 1463, the outer side of the spring bar 1463 away from the cylindrical shell 1462 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 1464, the outer side of the sliding block 1464 away from the cylindrical shell 1462 is fixedly connected to the annular baffle 1465, and the outer side of the annular baffle 1465 away from the sliding block 1464 is fixedly connected to the plug-in block 1466. When the cylindrical shell 144 contacts the annular baffle 1465, the annular baffle 1465 drives the sliding block 1464 to squeeze the spring bar 1463, thereby achieving the effect of shock absorption and buffering, reducing the vibration amplitude during docking, and improving the stability of the equipment, thereby maintaining continuous operation of the equipment. At the same time, the reaction force of the spring bar 1463 is used to prevent the cylindrical shell 144 from sliding excessively, thereby playing a certain limiting role. When the annular baffle 1465 contacts the external plate 145, the plug-in block 1466 is inserted into the groove of the external plate 145, thereby improving the sealing between the components, reducing the gap between the components, and preventing leakage.

[0036] The second embodiment, based on the first embodiment, see Figures 6 and 7As shown, the composite mechanism 2 includes a barrel 21, with a sliding tube 22 slidably connected to the inner wall of the barrel 21. A spiral plate 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube 22 near the front tube box 11. A rotating mechanism 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube 22. A closing plate 12 is provided on both sides of the barrel 21 and the sliding tube 22. When the adjustment mechanism 14 expands and contracts laterally, it drives the barrel 21 and the sliding tube 22 to slide and contract, thereby achieving the purpose of component adjustment. As the sliding tube 22 slides inwardly of the barrel 21, it removes impurities from the barrel 21 through friction, preventing blockage. A spiral plate 23 is provided inside the sliding tube 22. The spiral structure adjusts the flow pattern of the fluid, thereby causing the fluid to rotate in a spiral manner, thereby increasing turbulence, improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing equipment size and energy consumption, improving conveying efficiency, and reducing flow resistance. The turbulent flow drives the rotating mechanism 24 to rotate, thereby cleaning impurities from the inner wall and preventing dirt from settling.

[0037] Rotating mechanism 24 includes a fixed frame 241, the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of sliding tube 22. A connecting rod 242 is fixedly connected between opposing surfaces of fixed frame 241. A first bearing 243 is fixedly connected to the outer side of connecting rod 242, and a square paddle 244 is fixedly connected to the outer side of first bearing 243. The spiral plate 23 changes the fluid flow, causing it to impact square paddle 244, driving it to rotate. This friction and scraping of the inner wall of the pipe are achieved. The rotational motion of the fluid creates a flushing effect on the inner wall of the pipe, preventing impurities and particles in the fluid from settling on the pipe wall. The rotating fluid continuously impacts the pipe wall, preventing the accumulation of impurities, keeping the inner wall of the pipe clean, and extending the service life of the pipe.

[0038] The third embodiment, based on the first and second embodiments, see Figures 8 and 9As shown, the processing mechanism 3 includes a processing base 31, one side of the outside of the processing base 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear pipe box 15, the side of the outside of the processing base 31 away from the rear pipe box 15 is fixedly connected to a second bearing 32, the inner side of the second bearing 32 is fixedly connected to a connecting column 33, the side of the outside of the connecting column 33 away from the processing base 31 is fixedly connected to a processing end block 34, the outer side of the processing end block 34 is plugged into and connected to a square paddle rack 35, the inner side of the square paddle rack 35 is fixedly connected to a paddle board 36, the middle of the outer side of the connecting column 33 is fixedly connected to a friction mechanism 37, and the inner side of the friction mechanism 37 is fixedly connected to a cleaning mechanism 38. The fluid enters the rear pipe box 15, and the square paddle rack 35 and the paddle plate 36 are impacted by the fluid, thereby increasing the force area of ​​the fluid, thereby driving the connecting column 33 to rotate through the components, driving the friction mechanism 37 to rotate, and rubbing the inner wall of the rear pipe box 15, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the equipment, preventing the fluid from flushing the inner wall of the equipment for a long time, causing impurities to accumulate on the inner wall of the equipment, and avoiding affecting the subsequent fluid flow effect. The square paddle rack 35 is plugged into the processing end block 34 to facilitate subsequent replacement and reduce the difficulty of maintenance.

[0039] The friction mechanism 37 includes a connecting post 371, the inner side of which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting post 33. A trapezoidal bracket 372 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting post 371. A friction post 373 is rotatably connected between the opposing surfaces of the trapezoidal bracket 372. A connecting scraper 374 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the friction post 373. The inner side of the trapezoidal bracket 372 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the cleaning mechanism 38. The rotation of the connecting post 33 drives the connecting post 371 to rotate, causing the friction post 373 to rub against the interior of the device, thereby cleaning impurities from the inner wall of the device. The friction reduces impurities on the inner wall of the device and reduces their accumulation, preventing agglomeration after long-term accumulation, making subsequent cleaning more difficult, and preventing blockage that affects the subsequent fluid flow efficiency. The connecting scraper 374 increases the contact area, thereby improving friction performance, further enhancing the cleaning effect, and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0040] The cleaning mechanism 38 includes a cleaning bracket 381. A receiving bracket 382 is fixedly connected to the side of the cleaning bracket 381 away from the connecting column 371. A cylindrical block 383 is fixedly connected to the outside of the receiving bracket 382. The cylindrical block 383 has a cylindrical groove 384 formed on its outer side. The friction column 373 rotates to frictionally engage the cylindrical block 383, thereby cleaning impurities from the component surface and preventing excessive accumulation that would affect subsequent friction. The cylindrical groove 384 enhances chip removal and reduces debris absorption, thereby keeping the component surface clean and preventing corrosion caused by impurity accumulation, thereby extending the component's service life.

[0041] During use, the hot medium enters from the hot inlet pipe 18, and the cold medium enters from the cold inlet pipe 16. The cold medium and the hot medium are connected at the regulating mechanism 14 to complete the heat exchange operation of the medium, thereby meeting the heat exchange requirements. The cold medium enters from the upper half of the composite mechanism 2, enters the lower half of the composite mechanism 2 at the rear pipe box 15, and is finally discharged from the cold outlet pipe 17. After the hot medium contacts the composite mechanism 2 inside the regulating mechanism 14, it is discharged from the hot outlet pipe 19, thereby achieving a reciprocating cycle motion to maintain the continuous operation of the equipment. The heat exchange area of ​​the equipment can be adjusted by the regulating mechanism 14, and the heat exchange area can be adjusted to meet the process requirements. In the chemical, petroleum and other industries, different production processes and working conditions have very different requirements for heat transfer. For example, in some petroleum cracking processes, different cracking stages require different heat supplies. By adjusting the heating area of ​​the shell and tube heat exchanger, a larger heating area can be provided in the heating stage to quickly increase the temperature, and the heating area can be reduced in the later stage of the reaction to accurately control Control the reaction process, ensure product quality and yield, and improve heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, a docking mechanism 146 is also provided inside the regulating mechanism 14. The docking mechanism 146 plays a buffering role in the expansion and contraction of the components, reduces the wear between the components, and thus extends the service life of the components. Secondly, the docking mechanism 146 limits the sliding of the components to avoid damage to the components caused by excessive contraction, thereby maintaining the integrity of the equipment. A spiral plate 23 is provided inside the composite mechanism 2. The spiral plate 23 changes the flow mode of the medium and causes the liquid to rotate. The rotation increases the turbulence, improves the heat exchange efficiency, prevents dirt accumulation, and flushes the pipe wall surface, thereby reducing impurity accumulation. The rotating fluid continuously impacts the pipe wall, prevents the accumulation of dirt, keeps the inner wall of the pipe clean, and extends the service life of the pipe. Finally, the medium flows from the composite mechanism 2 to the rear pipe box 15, contacts the processing mechanism 3, and cleans the impurities on the inner wall of the equipment through the processing mechanism 3, thereby reducing impurity accumulation and keeping the internal flow of the equipment smooth.

[0042] Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented in accordance with conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area, characterized in that: It comprises a heat exchange mechanism (1), wherein the outer side of the heat exchange mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to a frame (4), the middle of the heat exchange mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to a composite mechanism (2), and one side of the heat exchange mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to a processing mechanism (3); The heat exchange mechanism (1) comprises a front pipe box (11), an outer side of the front pipe box (11) is fixedly connected to an adjustment mechanism (14), an inner side of the adjustment mechanism (14) is fixedly connected to a closing plate (12), an outer side of the closing plate (12) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the composite mechanism (2), baffles (13) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment mechanism (14), and an outer side of the adjustment mechanism (14) away from the front pipe box (11) is fixedly connected to a rear pipe box (15). The inner side of the rear pipe box (15) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the processing mechanism (3); a cold inlet pipe (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the exterior of the front pipe box (11); a cold outlet pipe (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the exterior of the front pipe box (11) away from the cold inlet pipe (16); a hot inlet pipe (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the exterior of the regulating mechanism (14) close to the cold inlet pipe (16); and a hot outlet pipe (19) is fixedly connected to one side of the exterior of the regulating mechanism (14) close to the rear pipe box (15).

2. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (14) comprises an adjustment housing (141), an electric push rod (142) is fixedly connected to one side of the outside of the adjustment housing (141), an external end (143) is fixedly connected to one side of the outside of the electric push rod (142) away from the adjustment housing (141), and a cylindrical housing (144) is fixedly connected to one side of the external end (143).

3. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 2, characterized in that: An external plate (145) is fixedly connected to one side of the cylindrical shell (144) close to the adjustment shell (141), a docking mechanism (146) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the adjustment shell (141), and a groove is provided on one side of the external plate (145) close to the docking mechanism (146).

4. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The docking mechanism (146) includes an annular frame (1461), the outer side of the annular frame (1461) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment shell (141), the inner side of the annular frame (1461) is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell (1462), the inner side of the cylindrical shell (1462) is fixedly connected to the spring bar (1463), the outer side of the spring bar (1463) away from the cylindrical shell (1462) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (1464), the outer side of the sliding block (1464) away from the cylindrical shell (1462) is fixedly connected to the annular baffle (1465), and the outer side of the annular baffle (1465) away from the sliding block (1464) is fixedly connected to the plug-in block (1466).

5. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite mechanism (2) comprises a barrel (21), the inner wall of the barrel (21) is slidably connected to a sliding tube (22), a spiral plate (23) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube (22) on a side close to the front tube box (11), and a rotating mechanism (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube (22).

6. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (24) includes a fixing frame (241), the outer side of the fixing frame (241) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube (22), a connecting rod (242) is fixedly connected between opposite surfaces of the fixing frame (241), the outer side of the connecting rod (242) is fixedly connected to a first bearing (243), and the outer side of the first bearing (243) is fixedly connected to a square paddle (244).

7. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing mechanism (3) comprises a processing base (31), one side of the outside of the processing base (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear pipe box (15), the side of the outside of the processing base (31) away from the rear pipe box (15) is fixedly connected to a second bearing (32), the inner side of the second bearing (32) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (33), the side of the outside of the connecting column (33) away from the processing base (31) is fixedly connected to a processing end block (34), the outer side of the processing end block (34) is plugged and connected to a square paddle rack (35), the inner side of the square paddle rack (35) is fixedly connected to a paddle board (36), the middle of the outer side of the connecting column (33) is fixedly connected to a friction mechanism (37), and the inner side of the friction mechanism (37) is fixedly connected to a cleaning mechanism (38).

8. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The friction mechanism (37) comprises a connecting column (371), the inner side of the connecting column (371) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting column (33), the outer side of the connecting column (371) is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal bracket (372), the friction column (373) is rotatably connected between the opposite surfaces of the trapezoidal bracket (372), the outer side of the friction column (373) is fixedly connected to a connecting scraper (374), and the inner side of the trapezoidal bracket (372) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the cleaning mechanism (38).

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger with adjustable heat exchange area according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (38) comprises a cleaning bracket (381), a receiving bracket (382) being fixedly connected to the side of the cleaning bracket (381) away from the connecting column (371), a columnar block (383) being fixedly connected to the outside of the receiving bracket (382), and a cylindrical groove (384) being provided on the outside of the columnar block (383).

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