Battery management device, method, equipment, system, vehicle, medium and product

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery management device, a battery management method, electronic equipment, a battery management system, a vehicle, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product, the device comprises a battery module, a switch module and a control module, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery units arranged in parallel, the battery module is connected with the switch module, the control module is connected with the battery module and the switch module, and the control module is configured to determine the on-off state of the switch module according to the operation state information of the battery unit so as to control the battery unit to work. Therefore, the battery module can be realized through the plurality of battery units which are arranged in parallel, when any battery unit is abnormal or the voltage and the residual capacity between any two battery units are greatly different, the influence on the overall working performance of the battery module is relatively small, and the stable operation of the battery module is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a battery management device, a battery management method, an electronic device, a battery management system, a vehicle, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, to meet the vehicle's high-voltage power requirements, the battery packs are connected in series, allowing the voltages of the individual battery packs to add up, resulting in a higher total voltage. However, when a battery pack is implemented with multiple battery packs (or multiple cells) connected in series, if any battery pack experiences an abnormality, or if there is a significant difference in voltage or remaining capacity between any two battery packs, the overall performance of the battery pack will be significantly affected, resulting in poor robustness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a battery management device, a battery management method, an electronic device, a battery management system, a vehicle, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0004] The present application provides a battery management device, comprising a battery module, a switch module, and a control module. The battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel. The battery module is connected to the switch module. The control module is connected to the battery module and the switch module.

[0005] The control module is configured to determine the on / off state of the switch module according to the operating state information of the battery unit to control the operation of the battery unit.

[0006] Thus, in the embodiments of the present application, the battery module can be implemented using multiple battery cells arranged in parallel. Therefore, if any battery cell experiences an abnormality, or if there is a significant difference in voltage or remaining capacity between any two battery cells, the overall operating performance of the battery module is minimally affected, ensuring the robust operation of the battery module. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of each battery cell within the battery module through the switch module, the robust operation of each battery cell within the battery module can be further ensured.

[0007] In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module includes multiple first switching devices, the first end of each battery cell is connected to the first bus bar of the battery module through a first switching device, and the second end of each battery cell is connected to the second bus bar of the battery module.

[0008] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the charging and discharging of each battery cell in the battery module can be controlled by opening and closing the connected first switching device, thereby further ensuring the stable operation of each battery cell in the battery module.

[0009] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module includes a voltage step-up / step-down unit and a plurality of second switch devices, and each of the battery cells is connected to the voltage step-up / step-down unit via a second switch device.

[0010] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery cells in the battery module can be connected to the step-up / step-down unit through the second switching device, so that the output voltage of the battery cells can be increased or decreased accordingly, thereby meeting the external power transmission demand.

[0011] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit includes a third switching device, a fourth switching device, an inductor, a fifth switching device, and a sixth switching device. Each of the battery cells is connected to the third switching device through a second switching device, the third switching device is connected to the fourth switching device, and the third switching device is connected to the fifth switching device and the sixth switching device through the inductor.

[0012] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage step-up / step-down unit can be implemented by the third switching device, the fourth switching device, the inductor, the fifth switching device, and the sixth switching device.

[0013] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module includes a seventh switch device, and the battery module is connected to the voltage step-up / step-down unit via the seventh switch device.

[0014] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery module can be connected to the voltage step-up / step-down unit through the seventh switching device, thereby further ensuring the stable operation of the battery module.

[0015] In certain embodiments of the present application, the apparatus further comprises an eighth switching device, and each of the battery cells can be connected to an electrical load via the eighth switching device.

[0016] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery unit can be connected to the electrical load through the eighth switching device, thereby ensuring that the battery unit can provide stable power to the electrical load.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides a battery management method, which is applied to the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and includes:

[0018] The on / off state of the switch module is determined according to the operating state information of the battery unit to control the operation of the battery unit.

[0019] Thus, in the embodiments of the present application, the battery module can be implemented using multiple battery cells arranged in parallel. Therefore, if any battery cell experiences an abnormality, or if there is a significant difference in voltage or remaining capacity between any two battery cells, the overall operating performance of the battery module is minimally affected, ensuring the robust operation of the battery module. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of each battery cell within the battery module through the switch module, the robust operation of each battery cell within the battery module can be further ensured.

[0020] In certain embodiments of the present application, the operating status information includes at least one of a current voltage, a current remaining power, and a load connection status.

[0021] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the on / off state of the switch module can be determined based on at least one of the current voltage of the battery cell, the current remaining power and the load connection state, which can ensure the robust determination of the on / off state of the switch module to a certain extent.

[0022] In certain embodiments of the present application, determining the on / off state of the switch module according to the operating state information of the battery unit to control the operation of the battery unit includes:

[0023] When the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the switch module is controlled to enter a first open and closed state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

[0024] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the switch module can be controlled to enter the first open and closed state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell, thereby achieving voltage balance of the battery group in the battery module.

[0025] In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module includes a plurality of first switching devices, wherein the first end of each battery cell is connected to the first bus bar of the battery module through a first switching device, and the second end of each battery cell is connected to the second bus bar of the battery module. When the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the switch module is controlled to enter a first open / closed state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell, including:

[0026] When the first current voltage is greater than the second current voltage and the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the first switching device connected to the first battery cell is controlled to be closed, and the switching module is controlled to enter the first open and close state, so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

[0027] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the first switching device connected to the first battery cell can be controlled to close, and the switching module can be controlled to enter the first open and closed state, so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell, thereby achieving voltage balance of the battery pack in the battery module.

[0028] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module includes a boost-buck unit and a plurality of second switching devices, each of the battery cells is connected to the boost-buck unit via a second switching device, and when the second switching device connected to the second battery cell is closed and the boost-buck unit enters the first preset step-down operating state, the switch module enters the first open-close state.

[0029] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch device connected to the second battery unit can be controlled to close, and the boost-buck unit can be controlled to enter the first preset buck working state, thereby making the switch module enter the first open-close state.

[0030] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit includes a third switching device, a fourth switching device, an inductor, a fifth switching device, and a sixth switching device. Each of the battery cells is connected to the third switching device through a second switching device, the third switching device is connected to the fourth switching device, and the third switching device is connected to the fifth switching device and the sixth switching device through the inductor. When the third switching device is closed, the fourth switching device and the fifth switching device are disconnected, and the sixth switching device is opened and closed at a first preset time interval, the boost-buck unit enters the first preset step-down operating state.

[0031] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, the third switch device in the boost-buck unit is controlled to be closed, the fourth switch device and the fifth switch device are controlled to be disconnected, and the sixth switch device is controlled to be opened and closed at a first preset time interval, thereby causing the boost-buck unit to enter the first preset step-down working state.

[0032] In certain embodiments of the present application, determining the on / off state of the switch module according to the operating state information of the battery unit to control the operation of the battery unit includes:

[0033] When the first current remaining power of the third battery unit is less than the second current remaining power of the fourth battery unit, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, the switch module is controlled to enter the second open and close state so that the fourth battery unit supplies power to the third battery unit.

[0034] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current remaining power of the third battery cell is less than the second current remaining power of the fourth battery cell, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, the switch module can be controlled to enter the second open and close state so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell, thereby realizing active balancing of the battery group in the battery module.

[0035] In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module includes a plurality of first switching devices, wherein the first end of each battery cell is connected to the first bus bar of the battery module via a first switching device, and the second end of each battery cell is connected to the second bus bar of the battery module. When the first current remaining power of the third battery cell is less than the second current remaining power of the fourth battery cell, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, controlling the switch module to enter a second open / close state so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell includes:

[0036] When the first current remaining power is greater than the second current remaining power, and the power difference is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the first switching device connected to the third battery unit is controlled to close, and the switching module is controlled to enter the second opening and closing state, so that the fourth battery unit supplies power to the third battery unit.

[0037] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current remaining power is greater than the second current remaining power, and the power difference is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the first switching device connected to the third battery cell can be controlled to close, and the switch module can be controlled to enter the second open and close state, so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell, thereby realizing active balancing of the battery pack in the battery module.

[0038] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module includes a boost-buck unit and a plurality of second switching devices, each of the battery cells is connected to the boost-buck unit via a second switching device, and when the second switching device connected to the fourth battery cell is closed and the boost-buck unit enters a preset boost working state, the switch module enters the second open-close state.

[0039] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch device connected to the fourth battery unit can be controlled to close, and the boost-buck unit can be controlled to enter the preset boost working state, thereby causing the switch module to enter the second open-close state.

[0040] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit includes a third switching device, a fourth switching device, an inductor, a fifth switching device, and a sixth switching device. Each of the battery cells is connected to the third switching device through a second switching device, the third switching device is connected to the fourth switching device, and the third switching device is connected to the fifth switching device and the sixth switching device through the inductor. When the third switching device and the fifth switching device are closed and the fourth switching device and the sixth switching device are disconnected, the boost-buck unit enters the preset boost operating state.

[0041] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device and the fifth switch device in the boost-buck unit are controlled to be closed, and the fourth switch device and the sixth switch device are controlled to be disconnected, thereby making the boost-buck unit enter the preset boost working state.

[0042] In certain embodiments of the present application, determining the on / off state of the switch module according to the operating state information of the battery unit to control the operation of the battery unit includes:

[0043] When the multiple battery cells are able to be connected to the electrical load, the switch module is controlled to enter the third open and close state so that the fifth battery cell supplies power to the electrical load, wherein the fifth battery cell is the battery cell with the highest current voltage in the battery module.

[0044] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, when multiple battery cells can be connected to the electrical load, the switch module can be controlled to enter the third open / close state so that the battery cell with the highest current voltage in the battery module can supply power to the electrical load.

[0045] In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module includes a plurality of first switching devices, the first end of each battery cell is connected to the first busbar of the battery module through a first switching device, and the second end of each battery cell is connected to the second busbar of the battery module. The device further includes an eighth switching device, and each battery cell can be connected to an electrical load through the eighth switching device. When the plurality of battery cells can be connected to the electrical load, controlling the switch module to enter a third open / closed state so that the fifth battery cell supplies power to the electrical load includes:

[0046] When the multiple battery cells are able to be connected to the electrical load, the eighth switch device is controlled to be closed, each of the first switch devices is controlled to be closed, and the switch module is controlled to enter the third open and close state, so that the fifth battery cell can supply power to the electrical load.

[0047] In this way, in an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle can control the eighth switch device to close, control each first switch device to close, and control the switch module to enter the third open and close state when multiple battery cells can be connected to the electrical load, so that the fifth battery cell can supply power to the electrical load.

[0048] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module includes a boost-buck unit and a plurality of second switching devices, each of the battery cells is connected to the boost-buck unit via a second switching device, and when the second switching device connected to the fifth battery cell is closed and the boost-buck unit enters the second preset step-down operating state, the switch module enters the third open-close state.

[0049] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch device connected to the fifth battery unit can be controlled to close, and the boost-buck unit can be controlled to enter the second preset buck working state, so that the switch module enters the third open-close state.

[0050] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit includes a third switching device, a fourth switching device, an inductor, a fifth switching device, and a sixth switching device. Each of the battery cells is connected to the third switching device through a second switching device, the third switching device is connected to the fourth switching device, and the third switching device is connected to the fifth switching device and the sixth switching device through the inductor. When the third switching device is opened and closed at a second preset time interval and the fourth switching device, the fifth switching device, and the sixth switching device are disconnected, the boost-buck unit enters the second preset step-down operating state.

[0051] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device can be controlled to open and close at a second preset time interval, and the fourth switch device, the fifth switch device, and the sixth switch device can be controlled to be disconnected, so that the boost-buck unit enters the second preset buck working state.

[0052] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, characterized in that it includes a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the above-mentioned battery management method is implemented.

[0053] An embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system, characterized in that the system includes the above-mentioned battery management device, or includes the above-mentioned electronic device.

[0054] An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned battery management device, or including the above-mentioned electronic device, or including the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0055] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the above-mentioned battery management method is implemented.

[0056] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which implements the above-mentioned battery management method when executed by a processor.

[0057] The electronic device, battery management system, vehicle, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product provided by the embodiments of the present application enable a battery module to be implemented using multiple battery cells arranged in parallel. Therefore, when any battery cell experiences an abnormality, or when there is a significant difference in voltage or remaining capacity between any two battery cells, the overall operating performance of the battery module is minimally affected, ensuring the robust operation of the battery module. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of each battery cell within the battery module through a switch module, the robust operation of each battery cell within the battery module can be further ensured.

[0058] Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the embodiments of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery management device in some embodiments of the present application;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery management device in some embodiments of the present application;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a battery management method in certain embodiments of the present application;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in some embodiments of the present application;

[0064] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in some embodiments of the present application;

[0065] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in some embodiments of the present application;

[0066] Figure 7 A simulation circuit diagram in some embodiments of the present application;

[0067] Figure 8 This is an algorithm simulation diagram in some embodiments of the present application;

[0068] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of waveform signals in certain embodiments of the present application;

[0069] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of waveform signals in certain embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

[0071] In related technologies, a battery pack is usually realized by connecting multiple battery cells in series, or by connecting multiple battery packs in series, and rarely considering the case of connecting multiple battery packs in parallel.

[0072] For example, in one solution proposed in related art, a battery selection network and a Buck-Boost circuit are combined to achieve energy transfer between any single lithium battery and a lithium battery pack, or between single lithium batteries. Specifically, this solution uses a Hall sensor and a sampling resistor to detect the bus current and balancing current, respectively, to obtain the operating current of the single lithium battery, and uses an extended Kalman filter algorithm to estimate the state of charge (SOC) of the single lithium battery, thereby achieving battery pack balancing control based on the single lithium battery SOC.

[0073] For example, another solution proposed in related art divides the lithium battery pack balancing problem into two levels: intra-group balancing and inter-group balancing. Each adjacent lithium battery pack and each adjacent lithium battery cell is connected in parallel with a bidirectional balancing module based on a Buck-Boost converter for energy balancing. Simultaneously, the MCU (Micro Controller Unit) main control chip determines whether the difference in the state of charge of each lithium iron phosphate battery is within a set threshold range, and then decides whether to activate each balancing module, thereby achieving energy balancing between each cell.

[0074] For example, in another solution proposed in the related art, the photovoltaic cell system is controlled to operate in different modes by controlling N MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) switching tubes, N MOS switching tubes, N switches, each main switch, each bypass switch, a bidirectional buck-boost circuit and a DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current) voltage regulator.

[0075] For example, another solution proposed in the related art includes a parallel balancing converter with series-connected battery energy storage, a main converter, and multiple sets of filter inductors. The input side of the DC-DC or DC-AC (Direct Current-Alternating Current) converter in the main converter is connected in parallel with a parallel voltage-stabilizing capacitor, and the output side of the DC-AC or DC-AC converter is connected to an AC or DC source and load, respectively. The parallel balancing converter with series-connected battery energy storage includes multiple sets of small-capacity DC-DC converters and a common DC bus capacitor. The output sides of all small-capacity DC-DC converters are connected in parallel through a common DC bus capacitor to form a common DC bus. The input side of one set of small-capacity DC-DC converters is connected in series with the input side of the main converter, and the input sides of the other sets of small-capacity DC-DC converters are connected in series with the battery pack via filter inductors.

[0076] Based on the above problems you may encounter, please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a battery management device 100, which includes a battery module 110, a switch module 120 and a control module 130. The battery module 110 includes a plurality of battery cells 111 arranged in parallel. The battery module 110 is connected to the switch module 120. The control module 130 is connected to the battery module 110 and the switch module 120. The control module 130 is configured to determine the open and closed state of the switch module 120 according to the operating status information of the battery cell 111 to control the operation of the battery cell 111.

[0077] Specifically, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery balancing solution for a situation where multiple battery cells (or battery packs) are connected in parallel. Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the battery management device 100 includes a battery module 110, a switch module 120, and a control module 130. The battery module 110 is connected to the switch module 120, and the control module 130 is connected to the battery module 110 and the switch module 120. Furthermore, the control module 130 can determine the open and closed state of the switch module 120 based on the operating status information of the battery cell 111 to control the operation of the battery cell 111, such as controlling one battery cell 111 to supply power to another battery to achieve active balancing between the battery cells 111.

[0078] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery module 110 can be implemented by a plurality of battery cells 111 arranged in parallel. Therefore, if any battery cell 111 experiences an abnormality, or if there is a significant difference in voltage or remaining capacity between any two battery cells 111, the overall operating performance of the battery module is minimally affected, thereby ensuring the robust operation of the battery module 110. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of each battery cell 111 within the battery module 110 through the switch module 120, the robust operation of each battery cell 111 within the battery module 110 is further ensured.

[0079] In one example, the battery module 110 is a battery pack.

[0080] In one example, the battery unit 111 is a battery pack. In another example, the battery unit 111 is a battery cell.

[0081] In one example, the switch module 120 includes a Buck-Boost circuit.

[0082] In one example, the control module 130 is a MCU (Micro Controller Unit).

[0083] In one example, when the remaining charge (or voltage) of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is higher than the remaining charge (or voltage) of another battery cell 111, the control module 130 may control the “battery cell 111 with higher remaining charge (or voltage) in the battery module 110” to supply power to the “battery cell 111 with lower remaining charge (or voltage) in the battery module 110” through the switch module 120, so as to achieve active balancing of the battery cells 111 in the battery module 110.

[0084] In one example, the control module 130 may control the battery cell 111 with the highest remaining power in the battery module 110 to supply power to the electrical load 200 for pre-charging through the switch module 120 .

[0085] See also Figure 2 In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module 110 includes a plurality of first switching devices 112 , the first end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the first bus 113 of the battery module 110 through a first switching device 112 , and the second end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the second bus 114 of the battery module 110 .

[0086] Specifically, in order to ensure the stable operation of the battery module 110, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery module 110 may be provided with switching devices equal to the number of battery cells 111, and the first end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the first bus 113 of the battery module 110 through a first switching device 112, and the second end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the second bus 114 of the battery module 110. Furthermore, the charging and discharging of any battery cell 111 can be controlled by opening and closing the connected first switching device 112, thereby ensuring the stable operation of each battery cell 111 in the battery module 110.

[0087] In one example, the first end of the battery cell 111 is the negative end of the battery cell 111, the first busbar 113 of the battery module 110 is the negative busbar of the battery module 110, the second end of the battery cell 111 is the positive end of the battery cell 111, and the second busbar 114 of the battery module 110 is the positive busbar of the battery module 110.

[0088] In one example, the first switching device 112 is a relay.

[0089] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the charging and discharging of each battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 can be controlled by opening and closing the connected first switching device 112, thereby further ensuring the stable operation of each battery cell 111 in the battery module 110.

[0090] Please refer again Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the switch module 120 includes a voltage step-up / down unit 122 and a plurality of second switch devices 121 , and each battery cell 111 is connected to the voltage step-up / down unit 122 via a second switch device 121 .

[0091] Specifically, in order to ensure the stable operation of the battery module 110, in the embodiment of the present application, the switch module 120 includes a step-up / step-down unit 122 and a plurality of second switching devices 121, and each battery cell 111 is connected to the step-up / step-down unit 122 through a second switching device 121, so that after the battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is connected to the step-up / step-down unit 122 through the second switching device 121, the output voltage of the battery cell 111 can be increased or decreased accordingly, thereby meeting the external power transmission demand.

[0092] In one example, the second switching device 121 is a relay.

[0093] In one example, the step-up / step-down unit 122 is a Buck-Boost circuit.

[0094] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 can be connected to the step-up / step-down unit 122 through the second switching device 121, so that the output voltage of the battery cell 111 can be increased or decreased accordingly, thereby meeting the external power transmission demand.

[0095] Please refer again Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit 122 includes a third switching device 123, a fourth switching device 124, an inductor 125, a fifth switching device 126 and a sixth switching device 127. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the third switching device 123 through a second switching device 121, the third switching device 123 is connected to the fourth switching device 124, and the third switching device 123 is connected to the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 through the inductor 125.

[0096] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage step-up / step-down unit 122 can be implemented by four switching devices and one inductor 125, that is, by a third switching device 123, a fourth switching device 124, an inductor 125, a fifth switching device 126, and a sixth switching device 127. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the third switching device 123 via a second switching device 121, the third switching device 123 is connected to the fourth switching device 124, and the third switching device 123 is connected to the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 via the inductor 125.

[0097] In an example, the third switching device 123 , the fourth switching device 124 , the fifth switching device 126 , and the sixth switching device 127 are all switching tubes.

[0098] In an example, the third switching device 123 , the fourth switching device 124 , the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 are all switching devices such as MOS, silicon carbide, and gallium nitride.

[0099] In one example, the third switching device 123 , the fourth switching device 124 , the inductor 125 , the fifth switching device 126 , and the sixth switching device 127 collectively form an H-bridge Buck-Boost circuit.

[0100] In one example, the inductance of the inductor 125 can be determined by calculating the inductance of a BUCK circuit (or a step-down circuit) and the inductance of a Boost circuit (or a step-up circuit).

[0101] In one example, the inductance of the inductor 125 is between the above-mentioned “calculated inductance in a BUCK circuit (or step-down circuit)” and “calculated inductance in a Boost circuit (or step-up circuit)”.

[0102] In one example, the calculated inductance in a buck circuit (or step-down circuit) can be determined by the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] Where Vout is the output voltage of the corresponding topology; VIN is the input voltage of the corresponding topology; r is the ripple current coefficient; and f is the switching frequency.

[0105] In one example, the calculated inductance of a boost circuit (or voltage-boosting circuit) can be determined by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] Where Iout is the output current of the corresponding topology; IIN corresponds to the input power of the topology; r is the ripple current coefficient; and f is the switching frequency.

[0108] In one example, the ripple current coefficient r is 0.3.

[0109] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage step-up / step-down unit 122 can be implemented by the third switching device 123 , the fourth switching device 124 , the inductor 125 , the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 .

[0110] Please refer again Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the switch module 120 includes a seventh switch device 128 , and the battery module 110 is connected to the step-up / step-down unit 122 via the seventh switch device 128 .

[0111] Specifically, in order to further ensure the stable operation of the battery module 110, a seventh switching device 128 is also provided between the battery module 110 and the boost-buck module. Furthermore, when the seventh switching device 128 is closed, the output voltage of the battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 can be boosted or bucked, thereby ensuring the stable output of the battery cell 111 in the battery module 110.

[0112] In one example, the seventh switching device 128 is a relay.

[0113] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery module 110 can be connected to the voltage step-up / step-down unit 122 via the seventh switching device 128 , thereby further ensuring the stable operation of the battery module 110 .

[0114] Please refer again Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the device further includes an eighth switching device 140 , and each battery unit 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200 through the eighth switching device 140 .

[0115] Specifically, in order to ensure that the battery unit 111 provides stable power supply to the electrical load 200, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery unit 111 can be connected to the eighth switching device 140. When the eighth switching device 140 is closed and the eighth switching device 140 is connected to the electrical load 200, the battery unit 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200 through the eighth switching device 140, thereby supplying power to the electrical load 200.

[0116] In one example, the eighth switching device 140 is a relay.

[0117] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery unit 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200 through the eighth switching device 140 , thereby ensuring that the battery unit 111 provides stable power to the electrical load 200 .

[0118] See also Figure 3 Corresponding to the above-mentioned battery management device 100, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management method applied to the above-mentioned battery management device 100, the method comprising:

[0119] 01: Determine the on / off state of the switch module 120 according to the operating state information of the battery unit 111 to control the operation of the battery unit 111 .

[0120] The present application also provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor. The battery management method of the present application can be implemented by the electronic device of the present application. Specifically, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to determine the open / closed state of the switch module 120 based on the operating status information of the battery cell 111 to control the operation of the battery cell 111.

[0121] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle (or electronic device, or control module 130) can determine the open and closed state of the switch module 120 based on the operating status information of the battery cell 111 to control the operation of the battery cell 111, such as controlling one battery cell 111 to supply power to another battery to achieve active balancing between the battery cells 111, or controlling at least one battery cell 111 to supply power to the power load 200.

[0122] In one example, the battery module 110 is a battery pack.

[0123] In one example, the battery unit 111 is a battery pack. In another example, the battery unit 111 is a battery cell.

[0124] In one example, the switch module 120 includes a Buck-Boost circuit.

[0125] In one example, the control module 130 is a MCU (Micro Controller Unit).

[0126] In one example, when the remaining charge (or voltage) of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is higher than the remaining charge (or voltage) of another battery cell 111, the control module 130 may control the “battery cell 111 with higher remaining charge (or voltage) in the battery module 110” to supply power to the “battery cell 111 with lower remaining charge (or voltage) in the battery module 110” through the switch module 120, so as to achieve active balancing of the battery cells 111 in the battery module 110.

[0127] In one example, the control module 130 can control the at least one battery unit 111 to supply power to the electrical load 200 through the switch module 120 .

[0128] In one example, the control module 130 may control the battery cell 111 with the highest remaining power in the battery module 110 to supply power to the electrical load 200 for pre-charging through the switch module 120 .

[0129] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery module 110 can be implemented by a plurality of battery cells 111 arranged in parallel. Therefore, if any battery cell 111 experiences an abnormality, or if there is a significant difference in voltage or remaining capacity between any two battery cells 111, the overall operating performance of the battery module is minimally affected, thereby ensuring the robust operation of the battery module 110. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of each battery cell 111 within the battery module 110 through the switch module 120, the robust operation of each battery cell 111 within the battery module 110 is further ensured.

[0130] In certain embodiments of the present application, the operating status information includes at least one of the current voltage, the current remaining power, and the load connection status.

[0131] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle (or electronic device, or control module 130) can set the open and closed state of the switch module 120 according to at least one of the current voltage, current remaining power and load connection status of the battery cell 111, thereby controlling the working state of each battery cell 111.

[0132] In one example, the current voltage of the battery cell 111 is the current resting voltage of the battery cell 111 .

[0133] In one example, when the current voltage of one battery cell 111 is higher than the current voltage of another battery cell 111, the vehicle can set the open or closed state of the switch module 120 so that the "battery cell 111 with a higher current voltage in the battery module 110" supplies power to the "battery cell 111 with a lower current voltage in the battery module 110" to achieve active balancing of the battery cells 111 in the battery module 110.

[0134] In one example, when the remaining charge of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is higher than the remaining charge of another battery cell 111, the vehicle can control the "battery cell 111 with higher remaining charge (or voltage) in the battery module 110" to supply power to the "battery cell 111 with lower remaining charge in the battery module 110" through the switch module 120, so as to achieve active balancing of the battery cells 111 in the battery module 110.

[0135] In one example, when the battery module 110 needs to supply power to the electrical load 200, the vehicle can control at least one battery cell 111 to supply power to the electrical load 200 by setting the on / off state of the switch module 120, or control the battery cell 111 with the highest remaining power in the battery module 110 to supply power to the electrical load 200 for pre-charging.

[0136] In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the open and closed state of the switch module 120 can be determined based on at least one of the current voltage of the battery cell 111, the current remaining power and the load connection state, which can ensure the robust determination of the open and closed state of the switch module 120 to a certain extent.

[0137] In certain embodiments of the present application, step 01 includes:

[0138] When the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the switch module 120 is controlled to enter the first open and close state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

[0139] The processor of the embodiment of the present application is also used to control the switch module 120 to enter the first open and closed state when the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

[0140] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, when the current voltage of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is higher than the current voltage of at least another battery cell 111, and the current voltage difference between the two battery cells 111 is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the vehicle can control the switch module 120 to enter a first open and closed state, so that the "battery cell 111 with a higher current voltage in the battery module 110" supplies power to the "battery cell 111 with a lower current voltage in the battery module 110", thereby achieving voltage balance of each battery cell 111 in the battery module 110.

[0141] In one example, the first preset threshold is 50 mV.

[0142] In one example, the value range of the first preset threshold is [10 mV, 100 mV].

[0143] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the switch module 120 can be controlled to enter the first open and closed state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell, thereby achieving voltage balance of the battery group in the battery module 110.

[0144] In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module 110 includes a plurality of first switching devices 112. The first end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the first bus bar 113 of the battery module 110 via a first switching device 112, and the second end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the second bus bar 114 of the battery module 110. Furthermore, when the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the step of controlling the switch module 120 to enter the first open / close state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell includes:

[0145] When the first current voltage is greater than the second current voltage and the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the first switching device 112 connected to the first battery cell is controlled to close, and the switch module 120 is controlled to enter the first open and close state, so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

[0146] The processor of the embodiment of the present application is also used to control the first switching device 112 connected to the first battery cell to close and control the switch module 120 to enter the first open and closed state when the first current voltage is greater than the second current voltage and the voltage difference is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

[0147] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, while controlling the switch module 120 to enter the first open / close state, the vehicle can also control the first switch device 112 connected to the first battery cell in the battery module 110 to close, so that the first busbar 113, the second busbar 114, the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the first switch device 112 connected to the first battery cell and the switch module 120 can form a loop, thereby enabling the first battery cell to supply power to the second battery cell.

[0148] For example, please also see Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of application scenarios in certain embodiments of the present application. Specifically, from left to right, let Figure 2 The five battery cells 111 in the diagram are BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4, and BAT5. Similarly, from left to right, let Figure 2 The five first switch devices 112 in the embodiment are S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 in sequence. Similarly, in the order from top to bottom, let Figure 2 The plurality of second switch devices 121 are sequentially KEY1, KEY2, ..., KEY5.

[0149] Furthermore, if the first battery cell is BAT1 and the second battery cell is BAT5, then Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle can control S1 to be closed, so that the first bus 113 , the second bus 114 , BAT1 , BAT5 , S1 and the switch module 120 can form a loop, thereby enabling BAT1 to supply power to BAT5 .

[0150] In addition, it is worth noting that Figure 4 The arrows in the figure represent the direction of current flow.

[0151] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than the second current voltage of the second battery cell, and the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the first switching device 112 connected to the first battery cell can be controlled to close, and the switch module 120 can be controlled to enter the first open and closed state, so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell, thereby achieving voltage balance of the battery group in the battery module 110.

[0152] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module 120 includes a boost-buck unit 122 and a plurality of second switching devices 121. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the boost-buck unit 122 via a second switching device 121. When the second switching device 121 connected to the second battery cell is closed and the boost-buck unit 122 enters the first preset step-down operating state, the switch module 120 enters the first open-close state.

[0153] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, when the current voltage of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is higher than the current voltage of at least another battery cell 111, and the current voltage difference between the two battery cells 111 is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the vehicle can control the second switching device 121 in the switch module 120, which is connected to the "battery cell 111 with a lower current voltage in the battery module 110", to close, and control the boost-buck unit 122 to enter the first preset buck working state, thereby causing the switch module 120 to enter the first open-close state.

[0154] For example, again taking the above BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4, BAT5, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, KEY1, KEY2, ..., KEY5 as an example, if the first battery unit is BAT1 and the second battery unit is BAT5, then Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle can control KEY5 to close.

[0155] In one example, when the boost-buck unit 122 enters the first preset buck working state, the voltage input to the boost-buck unit 122 will be bucked, or in other words, the input voltage of the boost-buck unit 122 will be higher than the output voltage of the boost-buck unit 122.

[0156] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch device 121 connected to the second battery unit can be controlled to close, and the step-up / step-down unit 122 can be controlled to enter the first preset step-down working state, thereby making the switch module 120 enter the first open / close state.

[0157] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit 122 includes a third switching device 123, a fourth switching device 124, an inductor 125, a fifth switching device 126, and a sixth switching device 127. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the third switching device 123 via a second switching device 121, the third switching device 123 is connected to the fourth switching device 124, and the third switching device 123 is connected to the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 via the inductor 125. When the third switching device 123 is closed, the fourth switching device 124 and the fifth switching device 126 are disconnected, and the sixth switching device 127 is opened and closed at a first preset time interval, the boost-buck unit 122 enters a first preset step-down operating state.

[0158] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device 123 in the boost-buck unit 122 can be controlled to be closed, the fourth switch device 124 and the fifth switch device 126 can be controlled to be disconnected, and the sixth switch device 127 can be controlled to be opened and closed at a first preset time interval, thereby causing the boost-buck unit 122 to enter a first preset step-down operating state, that is, to form a BUCK circuit.

[0159] For example, if Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle can control the third switch device 123 in the boost-buck unit 122 to close, and control the fourth switch device 124 and the fifth switch device 126 to open, and control the sixth switch device 127 to open and close at a first preset time interval, thereby making the switch module 120 form a BUCK circuit, and then making the boost-buck unit 122 enter the first preset step-down working state.

[0160] It can be understood that when the third switch device 123 is closed, the fourth switch device 124 and the fifth switch device 126 are opened, and the sixth switch device 127 is opened and closed at a first preset time interval, if the fifth switch device 126 is a light-opening tube, the fifth switch device 126 plays a freewheeling role, so that a BUCK circuit is formed.

[0161] In one example, the vehicle may perform constant current control on the current flowing through the inductor 125 , or the vehicle may periodically obtain the current voltage of each battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 to perform voltage limiting monitoring on the battery module 110 .

[0162] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device 123 in the boost-buck unit 122 is controlled to be closed, the fourth switch device 124 and the fifth switch device 126 are controlled to be disconnected, and the sixth switch device 127 is controlled to be opened and closed at a first preset time interval, thereby causing the boost-buck unit 122 to enter the first preset step-down working state.

[0163] In addition, if Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the vehicle can also control the seventh switching device 128 to be closed.

[0164] In certain embodiments of the present application, step 01 includes:

[0165] When the first current remaining power of the third battery unit is less than the second current remaining power of the fourth battery unit, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the control switch module 120 enters the second open and close state so that the fourth battery unit supplies power to the third battery unit.

[0166] The processor of the embodiment of the present application is also used to control the switch module 120 to enter the second open and closed state when the first current remaining power of the third battery cell is less than the second current remaining power of the fourth battery cell, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell.

[0167] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, when the current remaining power of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is much lower than the current remaining power of at least another battery cell 111, the vehicle can control the switch module 120 to enter the second open and close state, so that the "battery cell 111 with a higher current remaining power in the battery module 110" supplies power to the "battery cell 111 with a lower current remaining power in the battery module 110", thereby achieving active balancing of the battery cells 111 in the battery module 110.

[0168] In one example, the second preset threshold is 4%.

[0169] In an example, the value range of the second preset threshold is [3%, 5%].

[0170] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current remaining power of the third battery cell is less than the second current remaining power of the fourth battery cell, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the switch module 120 can be controlled to enter the second open and close state so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell, thereby realizing active balancing of the battery group in the battery module 110.

[0171] In certain embodiments of the present application, the battery module 110 includes a plurality of first switching devices 112, and the first end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the first bus bar 113 of the battery module 110 via a first switching device 112, and the second end of each battery cell 111 is connected to the second bus bar 114 of the battery module 110. Furthermore, when the first current remaining capacity of the third battery cell is less than the second current remaining capacity of the fourth battery cell, and the capacity difference between the first current remaining capacity and the second current remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the step of controlling the switch module 120 to enter the second open / close state so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell includes:

[0172] When the first current remaining power is greater than the second current remaining power, and the power difference is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the first switching device 112 connected to the third battery cell is controlled to close, and the switch module 120 is controlled to enter the second open and close state, so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell.

[0173] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, while controlling the switch module 120 to enter the second open and closed state, the vehicle can also control the first switch device 112 connected to the first battery cell in the battery module 110 to close, so that the first busbar 113, the second busbar 114, the third battery cell, the fourth battery cell, the first switch device 112 connected to the first battery cell and the switch module 120 can form a loop, thereby allowing the first battery cell to supply power to the second battery cell.

[0174] For example, please also see Figure 2 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of application scenarios in certain embodiments of the present application. Specifically, taking the above-mentioned BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4, BAT5, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, KEY1, KEY2, ..., KEY5 as an example, if the third battery unit is BAT1 and the fourth battery unit is BAT5, then Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle can control S1 to be closed, so that the first bus 113 , the second bus 114 , BAT1 , BAT5 , S1 and the switch module 120 can form a loop, thereby enabling BAT1 to supply power to BAT5 .

[0175] In addition, it is worth noting that Figure 5 The arrows in the figure represent the direction of current flow.

[0176] Thus, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first current remaining power is greater than the second current remaining power, and the power difference is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the first switch device 112 connected to the third battery cell can be controlled to close, and the switch module 120 can be controlled to enter the second open and close state, so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell, thereby realizing active balancing of the battery group in the battery module 110.

[0177] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module 120 includes a boost-buck unit 122 and a plurality of second switching devices 121. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the boost-buck unit 122 via a second switching device 121. When the second switching device 121 connected to the fourth battery cell is closed and the boost-buck unit 122 enters a preset boost working state, the switch module 120 enters a second open-close state.

[0178] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, when the current remaining power of a battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 is lower than the current remaining power of at least another battery cell 111, and the difference between the current remaining power of the two battery cells 111 is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold value, the vehicle can control the switch module 120, and the second switch device 121 connected to the "battery cell 111 with lower current remaining power in the battery module 110" is closed, and the boost-buck unit 122 is controlled to enter the preset boost working state, thereby causing the switch module 120 to enter the second open and close state.

[0179] For example, again taking the above BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4, BAT5, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, KEY1, KEY2, ..., KEY5 as an example, if the first battery unit is BAT1 and the second battery unit is BAT5, then Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle can control KEY5 to close.

[0180] In one example, when the boost-buck unit 122 enters a preset boost working state, the voltage input to the boost-buck unit 122 will be boosted, or in other words, the input voltage of the boost-buck unit 122 will be lower than the output voltage of the boost-buck unit 122 .

[0181] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch device 121 connected to the fourth battery unit can be controlled to close, and the boost-buck unit 122 can be controlled to enter the preset boost working state, so that the switch module 120 enters the second open-close state.

[0182] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit 122 includes a third switching device 123, a fourth switching device 124, an inductor 125, a fifth switching device 126 and a sixth switching device 127. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the third switching device 123 through a second switching device 121, the third switching device 123 is connected to the fourth switching device 124, and the third switching device 123 is connected to the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 through the inductor 125. When the third switching device 123 and the fifth switching device 126 are closed and the fourth switching device 124 and the sixth switching device 127 are disconnected, the boost-buck unit 122 enters a preset boost operating state.

[0183] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device 123 and the fifth switch device 126 in the boost-buck unit 122 can be controlled to be closed, and the fourth switch device 124 and the sixth switch device 127 can be controlled to be disconnected, thereby causing the boost-buck unit 122 to enter a preset boost working state, that is, to form a BOOST circuit.

[0184] For example, if Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle can control the third switch device 123 and the fifth switch device 126 in the boost-buck unit 122 to be closed, and control the fourth switch device 124 and the sixth switch device 127 to be disconnected, and control the sixth switch device 127 to be opened and closed at a first preset time interval, thereby making the switch module 120 form a BOOST circuit, and then making the boost-buck unit 122 enter a preset boost working state.

[0185] In one example, the vehicle may perform constant current control on the current flowing through the inductor 125 , or the vehicle may periodically obtain the current voltage of each battery cell 111 in the battery module 110 to perform voltage limiting monitoring on the battery module 110 .

[0186] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device 123 and the fifth switch device 126 in the boost-buck unit 122 are controlled to be closed, and the fourth switch device 124 and the sixth switch device 127 are controlled to be disconnected, thereby making the boost-buck unit 122 enter the preset boost working state.

[0187] In addition, if Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the vehicle can also control the seventh switching device 128 to be closed.

[0188] In addition, in Figure 5 In one example, the vehicle can detect the current of the third switching device 123 and the charge of the fourth switching device 124 through current detection, thereby calculating the energy balanced by BAT1 and the energy balanced by BAT5. It is understood that due to efficiency issues, the energy balanced by BAT1 and BAT5 will not be equal, and the balanced energy value of BAT1 will be greater than the balanced energy value of BAT5.

[0189] In certain embodiments of the present application, step 01 includes:

[0190] When multiple battery cells 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200, the switch module 120 is controlled to enter the third open and close state so that the fifth battery cell supplies power to the electrical load 200, wherein the fifth battery cell is the battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage in the battery module 110.

[0191] The processor of the embodiment of the present application is also used to control the switch module 120 to enter the third open and close state when multiple battery cells 111 can be connected to the power load 200, so that the fifth battery cell can supply power to the power load 200, wherein the fifth battery cell is the battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage in the battery module 110.

[0192] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, when the battery module 110 needs to supply power to the electrical load 200, the vehicle can control the switch module 120 to enter the third open and close state, so that the battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage in the battery module 110 supplies power to the electrical load 200 to achieve pre-charging.

[0193] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, when multiple battery cells 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200, the switch module 120 can be controlled to enter the third open and close state so that the battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage in the battery module 110 can supply power to the electrical load 200.

[0194] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery module 110 includes a plurality of first switching devices 112, a first end of each battery cell 111 is connected to a first busbar 113 of the battery module 110 via a first switching device 112, and a second end of each battery cell 111 is connected to a second busbar 114 of the battery module 110. The device further includes an eighth switching device 140, and each battery cell 111 can be connected to an electrical load 200 via the eighth switching device 140. Furthermore, when the plurality of battery cells 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200, the step of controlling the switch module 120 to enter the third open / close state so that the fifth battery cell supplies power to the electrical load 200 includes:

[0195] When multiple battery cells 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200, the eighth switch device 140 is controlled to be closed, each first switch device 112 is controlled to be closed, and the switch module 120 is controlled to enter the third open and close state, so that the fifth battery cell can supply power to the electrical load 200.

[0196] The processor of the embodiment of the present application is also used to control the eighth switching device 140 to close, control each first switching device 112 to close, and control the switch module 120 to enter the third open and close state when multiple battery cells 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200, so that the fifth battery cell can supply power to the electrical load 200.

[0197] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, when the battery module 110 needs to supply power to the electrical load 200, the vehicle can control the eighth switch device 140 to close and each first switch device 112 to close, and at the same time control the switch module 120 to enter the third open and close state, so that the fifth battery unit can supply power to the electrical load 200 for pre-charging.

[0198] For example, please also see Figure 2 and Figure 6 , Figure 6Schematic diagram of application scenarios in certain embodiments of the present application. Specifically, again taking the above-mentioned BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4, BAT5, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, KEY1, KEY2, ..., KEY5 as an example, if the fifth battery cell is BAT1, then Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle can control the eighth switch device 140 to be closed, and control S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 to be disconnected, and control the switch module 120 to enter the third open and close state.

[0199] In this way, in an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle can control the eighth switch device 140 to close, control each first switch device 112 to close, and control the switch module 120 to enter the third open and close state when multiple battery cells 111 can be connected to the electrical load 200, so that the fifth battery cell can supply power to the electrical load 200.

[0200] In certain embodiments of the present application, the switch module 120 includes a boost-buck unit 122 and a plurality of second switching devices 121. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the boost-buck unit 122 via a second switching device 121. When the second switching device 121 connected to the fifth battery cell is closed and the boost-buck unit 122 enters the second preset step-down operating state, the switch module 120 enters the third open-close state.

[0201] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, when the battery module 110 needs to supply power to the electrical load 200, the vehicle can control the "second switch device 121 connected to the 'battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage'" in the switch module 120 to close, thereby allowing the "battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage" to provide voltage to the boost-buck unit 122. Furthermore, when the boost-buck unit 122 is in the second preset step-down operating state, it can boost the input voltage so that the electrical load 200 can perform charging operations such as pre-charging based on the boosted "output voltage of the 'battery cell 111 with the highest current voltage'".

[0202] For example, again taking the above-mentioned BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4, BAT5, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, KEY1, KEY2, ..., KEY5 as an example, if the fifth battery unit is BAT1, then Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle can control the eighth switch device 140 to be closed, and control S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 to be disconnected, and control the boost-buck unit 122 to enter the second preset buck working state, thereby making the switch module 120 enter the third open and close state.

[0203] In one example, when the boost-buck unit 122 enters the second preset buck working state, the voltage input to the boost-buck unit 122 will be boosted, or in other words, the input voltage of the boost-buck unit 122 will be lower than the output voltage of the boost-buck unit 122.

[0204] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch device 121 connected to the fifth battery unit can be controlled to close, and the step-up / step-down unit 122 can be controlled to enter the second preset step-down working state, so that the switch module 120 enters the third open / close state.

[0205] In certain embodiments of the present application, the boost-buck unit 122 includes a third switching device 123, a fourth switching device 124, an inductor 125, a fifth switching device 126, and a sixth switching device 127. Each battery cell 111 is connected to the third switching device 123 via a second switching device 121, the third switching device 123 is connected to the fourth switching device 124, and the third switching device 123 is connected to the fifth switching device 126 and the sixth switching device 127 via the inductor 125. When the third switching device 123 is opened and closed at a second preset time interval and the fourth switching device 124, the fifth switching device 126, and the sixth switching device 127 are disconnected, the boost-buck unit 122 enters a second preset step-down operating state.

[0206] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device 123 can be controlled to open and close at a second preset time interval, and the fourth switch device 124, the fifth switch device 126, and the sixth switch device 127 can be controlled to be disconnected, so that the boost-buck unit 122 enters the second preset buck working state, that is, constitutes a BUCK circuit for the electrical load 200.

[0207] In one example, the vehicle may also detect the current of the inductor 125 and perform PID (Proportion Integral Differential) control according to the current detection result of the inductor 125 to achieve constant current pre-charging of the external load.

[0208] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the third switch device 123 can be controlled to open and close at a second preset time interval, and the fourth switch device 124, the fifth switch device 126, and the sixth switch device 127 can be controlled to be disconnected, so that the boost-buck unit 122 enters the second preset buck working state.

[0209] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present application is directed to a battery pack composed of a plurality of battery cells 111 arranged in parallel, and can achieve voltage balancing and SOC balancing between the parallel battery cells 111 and pre-charge the power load 200.

[0210] It is also understandable that by Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As can be seen from the content shown, the embodiment of the present application can achieve voltage balancing, SOC balancing between parallel battery cells 111 and pre-charging for the power load 200 through a simple Buck-Boost circuit.

[0211] It is understandable that "voltage balance between parallel battery cells 111" is of great significance for extending the service life of the battery module 110. "SOC balance between parallel battery cells 111" can be directly related to "whether the capacity of the battery module 110 can be fully utilized". And "pre-charging the power load 200" can reduce the inrush current of the relay and extend the life of the relay. At the same time, compared with the pre-charging resistance, the pre-charging current can be larger, the pressure difference between the two ends of the relay at the end of pre-charging is smaller, the inrush current is smaller, and the performance is better. In addition, because a larger pre-charging current can be provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging function can be used to disconnect the battery module 110. For example, when the vehicle is on standby waiting for disconnection, the relay can be disconnected first, and the power is supplied by the pre-charging function, and then the pre-charging function is turned off to achieve safer disconnection of the relay.

[0212] Furthermore, compared to the aforementioned solution of "combining a battery selection network with a Buck-Boost circuit to achieve energy transfer between any single lithium battery and a lithium battery pack, or between single lithium batteries," the present embodiment of the present application is applicable to conditions where multiple battery packs are connected in parallel, without focusing on single-cell balancing. Furthermore, the present embodiment of the present application also achieves SOC balancing and pre-charging for the power load 200. Furthermore, the present embodiment of the present application can also use a PID algorithm to achieve constant current control and voltage-limited output.

[0213] Compared with the solution in the aforementioned content of "dividing the balancing problem of the lithium battery pack into two levels: intra-group balancing and inter-group balancing...", the implementation method of the present application can be applied to the working conditions of multiple battery packs in parallel, and is applicable to the battery packs in new energy vehicles. It belongs to the high voltage category, has only one active balancing module (or Buck-Boost circuit), and has lower cost.

[0214] Compared to the aforementioned solution of "controlling N MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) switching tubes, N MOS switching tubes, N switches...", the embodiment of the present application reuses the switches of each branch battery pack in the new energy vehicle battery pack. In addition, the embodiment of the present application has a safety island feature, that is, the balancing module can be disconnected after damage. At the same time, the embodiment of the present application does not need to change the connection method of the battery pack. One battery pack can be added with a parallel switch, which is relatively low in cost.

[0215] Compared to the aforementioned scheme of "parallel balancing converters for series-type battery energy storage, a main converter, and multiple sets of filter inductors 125...", the present embodiment only has one active balancing module, and can achieve step-up and step-down voltages through switching. Furthermore, constant current control and voltage-limited output can be achieved through a PID algorithm, and the voltage can be variable, resulting in lower costs, a relatively simple circuit structure, and ease of implementation.

[0216] In order to more clearly illustrate the battery management device 100 and the battery management method proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the battery management device 100 is verified and explained. Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 7 This is a simulation circuit diagram in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 8 This is an algorithm simulation diagram in some embodiments of this application. Figure 9 、 Figure 10 Schematic diagram of waveform signals in certain embodiments of the present application.

[0217] First, the inductance of the inductor 125 in the battery management device 100 is determined based on the calculated inductance under the BUCK circuit (or step-down circuit) and the calculated inductance under the Boost circuit (or step-up circuit), that is:

[0218] Calculation of inductance in a buck circuit (or step-down circuit):

[0219]

[0220] The calculated inductance under the Boost circuit (or boost circuit) is:

[0221]

[0222] In these two formulas, f is 250KHZ; r is 0.3; IIN and Iout are balanced currents, both of which are 10A.

[0223] After calculating the two inductance values, the inductor 125 in the battery management device 100 can be set to a value greater than these two values. A larger inductance value reduces the current ripple. The final calculated minimum value for inductor 125 is 39uH. Considering that the MCU can only implement the algorithm in a discrete manner and has a certain control delay, the inductor 125 in the battery management device 100 is set to 2.5mH.

[0224] Then, construct Figure 7 The simulation circuit diagram shown in FIG. 1 is used to simulate the maximum current value of the inductor 125 in the battery management device 100 , which is 20A.

[0225] Then, according to the simulation circuit, the withstand voltage parameters of the third switch device 123 , the fourth switch device 124 , the fifth switch device 126 and the sixth switch device 127 are set to 1.5 times the maximum voltage of the branch battery unit 111 , and the current is set to 20A.

[0226] Next, construct Figure 2 The circuit shown.

[0227] Then, S04, such as Figure 5 The control algorithm simulation diagram is shown below. The current in inductor 125 passes through the gain module and is normalized so that the collected current value is between 0 and 1. This output value is input to the discrete PID function module. The discrete PID function module also has another input value. The constants 1 and -1 represent the step-down and step-up currents of 10A, and the positive and negative signs indicate the direction of the current in L1.

[0228] Next, configure the discrete PID module, selecting Discrete-time and setting the sample time to 100µS. Also, since constant current control is required, the time requirement for reaching the target current is relaxed. Set the P coefficient to 0.5 to 1, the I integral coefficient to 0.003, and the D differential coefficient to 0.

[0229] Afterwards, the PID output value is input to the delay module through the addition module to simulate delay control, and the delay module sets the delay time to 40uS.

[0230] Afterwards, the signal is delayed and input into the limiting module to limit the signal between 0 and 1, which is conducive to subsequent comparison.

[0231] After the signal is limited, the voltages of the two battery cells 111 are compared, for example, the ratio of the voltage of BAT1 to the voltage of BAT2 is calculated. If the ratio is greater than 1, it indicates a voltage drop, and if the ratio is less than 1, it indicates a voltage increase.

[0232] Next, the signal range is expanded. Specifically, the signal is changed from 0-1 to -1-1. The carrier and triangle wave are simultaneously set, with the frequency set to 250kHz and the signal amplitude set to -1-1, simulating the centrosymmetric setting of the PWM wave within the control module. A comparison is then made, and control signals are output to control the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth switching devices 123, 124, 126, and 127, respectively.

[0233] After that, set BAT1 to 580V, BAT2 to 620V, the internal resistance of the battery pack to 0.1R, and the simulation time to 0.1S. At this time, the voltage is boosted, and the oscilloscope shows the following: Figure 9 The waveform signal diagram shown. Figure 9As can be seen from the waveform signal diagram, although the currents of the inductor 125, BAT1, and BAT2 have glitches, the absolute values ​​of the currents are within the range of 0 to 15 A, the voltages of BAT1 and BAT2 do not exceed 630 V, the absolute values ​​of the currents of the third switching device 123, the fourth switching device 124, the fifth switching device 126, and the sixth switching device 127 are all within the range of 0 to 15 A, and the voltages of the third switching device 123, the fourth switching device 124, the fifth switching device 126, and the sixth switching device 127 do not exceed 630 V.

[0234] Then, set the voltage of BAT1 to 620V, the voltage of BAT2 to 580V, the internal resistance of the battery pack to 0.1R, and the simulation time to 0.1S. At this time, the voltage is reduced. Observe the oscilloscope to get the following Figure 10 The waveform signal diagram is shown. Figure 10 As can be seen from the waveforms in FIG, although the currents of the inductor 125, BAT1, and BAT2 have glitches, the absolute values ​​of the currents are within the range of 0 to 15 A, the voltages of BAT1 and BAT2 do not exceed 630 V, the absolute values ​​of the currents of the third switching device 123, the fourth switching device 124, the fifth switching device 126, and the sixth switching device 127 are also within the range of 0 to 15 A, and the voltages of the third switching device 123, the fourth switching device 124, the fifth switching device 126, and the sixth switching device 127 do not exceed 630 V.

[0235] Therefore, based on the simulation, Figure 2 The circuit structure shown is feasible. In the actual circuit, after the control module 130 receives the command sent by the vehicle controller, it determines the battery cell 111 to be balanced and the voltage of the corresponding battery cell 111 according to the content of the command, and determines the specific function to be activated.

[0236] If the voltage balancing function is enabled, a step-down logic is used. The control module 130 uses a PID algorithm to control the balancing current using a constant current, based on the current value of the inductor 125 detected by the current detection module. Simultaneously, the control module 130 collects the input and output currents, namely the currents of the third switching device 123 and the sixth switching device 127, and calculates the balancing capacity in real time using the ampere-hour integration method, which is then periodically transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller monitors the voltage of the battery pack being balanced in real time and sends a shutdown command to the control module 130 when the voltage reaches the shutdown threshold.

[0237] If the SOC balancing function is enabled, boost logic is used. Similarly, control module 130 uses a PID algorithm to control the balancing current. Control module 130 collects input and output currents, namely the currents of third switch device 123 and sixth switch device 127, and calculates the balancing charge in real time using the ampere-hour integration method. This calculation is then sent to the vehicle controller at regular intervals. The vehicle controller monitors the SOC of the battery pack being balanced in real time and, when the SOC reaches the shutdown threshold, sends a command to shut down SOC balancing to control module 130.

[0238] If the external pre-charging function is turned on, the step-down logic is adopted, and the control module 130 controls the output current with the PID algorithm, slowly increasing it, while collecting the voltage at the output end in real time. Once the voltage reaches the threshold, the vehicle controller closes the main relay and sends a shutdown command to the control module 130.

[0239] Furthermore, upon receiving the shutdown command, the control module 130 turns off the third switch device 123, the fourth switch device 124, the fifth switch device 126, and the sixth switch device 127, and simultaneously disconnects all first switch devices 112. In one example, the third switch device 123, the fourth switch device 124, the fifth switch device 126, and the sixth switch device 127 may be turned off first. After a certain period of time (e.g., 100 mS), it is determined that the energy in the inductor 125 has been fully released, and then the third switch device 123 and the fourth switch device 124 are turned off.

[0240] An embodiment of the present application further provides a battery management system, which includes the above-mentioned electronic device.

[0241] An embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned battery management device, or includes the above-mentioned electronic device, or includes the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0242] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the above-mentioned battery management method is implemented.

[0243] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which implements the above-mentioned battery management method when executed by a processor.

[0244] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "particularly", "further", "particularly", "understandably", etc. are intended to mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0245] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0246] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery management device (100), characterized in that: The device (100) comprises a battery module (110), a switch module (120), and a control module (130); the battery module (110) comprises a plurality of battery cells (111) arranged in parallel; the battery module (110) is connected to the switch module (120); and the control module (130) is connected to the battery module (110) and the switch module (120); The control module (130) is configured to determine the on / off state of the switch module (120) according to the operating state information of the battery unit (111) to control the operation of the battery unit (111).

2. The device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery module (110) includes a plurality of first switching devices (112), wherein a first end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a first bus bar (113) of the battery module (110) via a first switching device (112), and a second end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a second bus bar (114) of the battery module (110).

3. The device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The switch module (120) comprises a voltage step-up / down unit (122) and a plurality of second switch devices (121), and each of the battery cells (111) is connected to the voltage step-up / down unit (122) via one of the second switch devices (121).

4. The device (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that The step-up / step-down unit (122) includes a third switch device (123), a fourth switch device (124), an inductor (125), a fifth switch device (126), and a sixth switch device (127). Each of the battery cells (111) is connected to the third switch device (123) via a second switch device (121), the third switch device (123) is connected to the fourth switch device (124), and the third switch device (123) is connected to the fifth switch device (126) and the sixth switch device (127) via the inductor (125).

5. The device (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that The switch module (120) includes a seventh switch device (128), and the battery module (110) is connected to the voltage step-up / step-down unit (122) via the seventh switch device (128).

6. The device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The device (100) further comprises an eighth switching device (140), and each of the battery cells (111) can be connected to an electrical load (200) via the eighth switching device (140).

7. A battery management method, characterized in that: The method is applied to the device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the method comprises: The on / off state of the switch module (120) is determined according to the operating state information of the battery unit (111) to control the operation of the battery unit (111).

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The operating status information includes at least one of a current voltage, a current remaining power, and a load connection status.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Determining the on / off state of the switch module (120) based on the operating state information of the battery unit (111) to control the operation of the battery unit (111) includes: When a first current voltage of a first battery cell is greater than a second current voltage of a second battery cell, and a voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the switch module (120) is controlled to enter a first open / close state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The battery module (110) comprises a plurality of first switch devices (112), a first end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a first bus bar (113) of the battery module (110) via a first switch device (112), and a second end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a second bus bar (114) of the battery module (110), and when a first current voltage of the first battery cell is greater than a second current voltage of the second battery cell, and a voltage difference between the first current voltage and the second current voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the switch module (120) is controlled to enter a first open / close state so that the first battery cell supplies power to the second battery cell, comprising: When the first current voltage is greater than the second current voltage and the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the first switch device (112) connected to the first battery unit is controlled to be closed, and the switch module (120) is controlled to enter the first open / close state, so that the first battery unit supplies power to the second battery unit.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The switch module (120) comprises a voltage step-up / down unit (122) and a plurality of second switch devices (121); each battery unit (111) is connected to the voltage step-up / down unit (122) via a second switch device (121); when the second switch device (121) connected to the second battery unit is closed and the voltage step-up / down unit (122) enters a first preset voltage step-down working state, the switch module (120) enters the first open / close state.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The voltage boost-buck unit (122) comprises a third switch device (123), a fourth switch device (124), an inductor (125), a fifth switch device (126) and a sixth switch device (127). Each of the battery cells (111) is connected to the third switch device (123) via a second switch device (121), the third switch device (123) is connected to the fourth switch device (124), and the third switch device (123) is connected to the fifth switch device (126) and the sixth switch device (127) via the inductor (125). When the third switch device (123) is closed, the fourth switch device (124) and the fifth switch device (126) are opened, and the sixth switch device (127) is opened and closed at a first preset time interval, the voltage boost-buck unit (122) enters the first preset voltage reduction working state.

13. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Determining the on / off state of the switch module (120) based on the operating state information of the battery unit (111) to control the operation of the battery unit (111) includes: When a first current remaining power of the third battery unit is less than a second current remaining power of the fourth battery unit, and the power difference between the first current remaining power and the second current remaining power is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, the switch module (120) is controlled to enter a second open / close state so that the fourth battery unit supplies power to the third battery unit.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The battery module (110) comprises a plurality of first switch devices (112), a first end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a first bus bar (113) of the battery module (110) via a first switch device (112), and a second end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a second bus bar (114) of the battery module (110), and when a first current remaining capacity of a third battery cell is less than a second current remaining capacity of a fourth battery cell, and a capacity difference between the first current remaining capacity and the second current remaining capacity is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, controlling the switch module (120) to enter a second open / close state so that the fourth battery cell supplies power to the third battery cell, comprising: When the first current remaining power is greater than the second current remaining power, and the power difference is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the first switch device (112) connected to the third battery unit is controlled to be closed, and the switch module (120) is controlled to enter the second open / close state, so that the fourth battery unit supplies power to the third battery unit.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The switch module (120) comprises a voltage step-up / down unit (122) and a plurality of second switch devices (121); each battery cell (111) is connected to the voltage step-up / down unit (122) via a second switch device (121); when the second switch device (121) connected to the fourth battery cell is closed and the voltage step-up / down unit (122) enters a preset voltage step-up working state, the switch module (120) enters the second open / close state.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The voltage boost-buck unit (122) comprises a third switch device (123), a fourth switch device (124), an inductor (125), a fifth switch device (126) and a sixth switch device (127); each battery unit (111) is connected to the third switch device (123) via a second switch device (121); the third switch device (123) is connected to the fourth switch device (124); the third switch device (123) is connected to the fifth switch device (126) and the sixth switch device (127) via the inductor (125); when the third switch device (123) and the fifth switch device (126) are closed and the fourth switch device (124) and the sixth switch device (127) are disconnected, the voltage boost-buck unit (122) enters the preset voltage boost working state.

17. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Determining the on / off state of the switch module (120) based on the operating state information of the battery unit (111) to control the operation of the battery unit (111) includes: When the plurality of battery cells (111) are capable of being connected to an electrical load (200), the switch module (120) is controlled to enter a third open / close state so that a fifth battery cell supplies power to the electrical load (200), wherein the fifth battery cell is the battery cell (111) with the highest current voltage in the battery module (110).

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The battery module (110) includes a plurality of first switching devices (112), a first end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a first busbar (113) of the battery module (110) via a first switching device (112), and a second end of each battery cell (111) is connected to a second busbar (114) of the battery module (110), the device (100) further includes an eighth switching device (140), each battery cell (111) can be connected to an electrical load (200) via the eighth switching device (140), and when the plurality of battery cells (111) can be connected to the electrical load (200), controlling the switch module (120) to enter a third open / close state so that the fifth battery cell supplies power to the electrical load (200) comprises: When the plurality of battery units (111) are capable of being connected to the electrical load (200), the eighth switch device (140) is controlled to be closed, each of the first switch devices (112) is controlled to be closed, and the switch module (120) is controlled to enter the third open / close state, so that the fifth battery unit supplies power to the electrical load (200).

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein The switch module (120) comprises a voltage step-up / down unit (122) and a plurality of second switch devices (121); each battery cell (111) is connected to the voltage step-up / down unit (122) via a second switch device (121); when the second switch device (121) connected to the fifth battery cell is closed and the voltage step-up / down unit (122) enters a second preset voltage step-down working state, the switch module (120) enters the third open / close state.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The voltage boost-buck unit (122) comprises a third switch device (123), a fourth switch device (124), an inductor (125), a fifth switch device (126) and a sixth switch device (127); each battery unit (111) is connected to the third switch device (123) via a second switch device (121); the third switch device (123) is connected to the fourth switch device (124); the third switch device (123) is connected to the fifth switch device (126) and the sixth switch device (127) via the inductor (125); when the third switch device (123) is switched on and off at a second preset time interval and the fourth switch device (124), the fifth switch device (126) and the sixth switch device (127) are disconnected, the voltage boost-buck unit (122) enters the second preset voltage reduction working state.

21. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 7 to 20 is implemented.

22. A battery management system, characterized in that: The system comprises the apparatus according to claims 1 to 6, or the device according to claim 21.

23. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the apparatus according to claims 1 to 6, or the device according to claim 21, or the system according to claim 22.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the method according to any one of claims 7 to 20 is implemented.

25. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 7 to 20 is implemented.

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