Smoke exhaust flow guide device, battery and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a smoke exhaust flow guide device, a battery and electric equipment. The smoke exhaust flow guide device comprises smoke exhaust flow guide hoods, and the smoke exhaust flow guide hoods are used for being connected with a box body of the battery in a sealed mode and correspond to anti-explosion valves of the battery in a one-to-one mode; the smoke exhaust flow guide cover comprises a contraction section and a first expansion section which are sequentially connected and communicated in the axial direction of the smoke exhaust flow guide cover, and in the axial direction of the smoke exhaust flow guide cover, the cross section area of the contraction section is gradually reduced, and the cross section area of the first expansion section is gradually increased. According to the smoke exhaust flow guide device, the battery and the electric equipment, potential safety hazards can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a smoke exhaust and diversion device, a battery, and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] The new energy industry is currently experiencing rapid development, and with the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries, awareness of the safety risks associated with lithium batteries is growing. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the release of high-temperature, high-pressure fumes can rapidly accumulate within the battery housing. Without timely pressure relief, the battery housing can easily rupture due to the high-temperature, high-pressure fumes, potentially leading to a safety risk of explosion.

[0003] Therefore, one or more explosion-proof valves are generally installed on the battery box. When the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas caused by thermal runaway accumulates and reaches the opening pressure, the explosion-proof valve opens to release the gas, so that the gas pressure in the battery is maintained within the strength range that the box can withstand.

[0004] However, when high-temperature flue gas due to thermal runaway is ejected from the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve, it is easy to produce open flames at the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a smoke exhaust diversion device, battery and electrical equipment that can reduce safety hazards in order to address the above problems.

[0006] A smoke exhaust guide device, comprising a smoke exhaust guide cover, the smoke exhaust guide cover being used for sealing connection with a battery box, and the smoke exhaust guide cover corresponding to the explosion-proof valve of the battery on a one-to-one basis;

[0007] The smoke exhaust guide cover includes a contraction section and a first expansion section which are sequentially connected and communicated along its axial direction. In the axial direction of the smoke exhaust guide cover, the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section gradually decreases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section gradually increases.

[0008] In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust shroud further includes a throat section, wherein the throat section is connected and communicated between the contraction section and the first expansion section;

[0009] The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat section is S2, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section is S3, where S2≤S1 and S2≤S3.

[0010] In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust guide device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins, all of which are arranged in the first expansion section at intervals along a direction intersecting the axial direction of the smoke exhaust guide cover, and are separated into a plurality of smoke exhaust channels in the first expansion section.

[0011] In some embodiments, inner walls of the throat section and the first expansion section are both coated with a phase change material coating, and / or outer surfaces of the heat dissipating fins are coated with a phase change material coating.

[0012] In some embodiments, the contraction section includes two first inclined plates arranged opposite to each other and two first straight plates arranged opposite to each other, any one of the two first inclined plates of the contraction section gradually approaches the other of the two first inclined plates in the axial direction of the smoke exhaust guide cover, and the angle between the two first inclined plates is α, 55°≤α≤65°, and the two first straight plates of the contraction section are both connected between the two first inclined plates.

[0013] In some embodiments, the contraction section and the first expansion section are arranged axially symmetrically.

[0014] In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust hood also includes a second expansion section, which is arranged at the head of the contraction section facing away from the first expansion section, and is connected and communicated with the contraction section. In the axial direction of the smoke exhaust hood, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second expansion section gradually increases.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second expansion section includes two second inclined plates arranged opposite to each other and two second straight plates arranged opposite to each other, either of the two second inclined plates gradually moves away from the other of the two second inclined plates in the axial direction of the smoke exhaust guide cover, and the angle between the two second inclined plates is β, 40°≤β≤50°, and the two second straight plates are both connected between the two second inclined plates.

[0016] A battery comprising:

[0017] The box body is provided with an explosion-proof valve port;

[0018] An explosion-proof valve, corresponding one-to-one to the explosion-proof valve port, the explosion-proof valve being passed through the corresponding explosion-proof valve port;

[0019] In the smoke exhaust guide device as described in any one of the above embodiments, the contraction section faces the explosion-proof valve.

[0020] An electrical device, characterized by comprising the battery as described in the above embodiment.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The above-mentioned smoke exhaust diversion device, battery and electrical equipment, due to the presence of the contraction section and the first expansion section, can limit the vortex negative pressure zone formed at the explosion-proof valve to the contraction section, and realize positive pressure oxygen blocking, preventing oxygen from entering the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve, so the probability of generating open flames in the smoke exhaust hood and at the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve is low. In addition, the presence of the contraction section and the first expansion section of the smoke exhaust hood reduces the temperature and speed of the smoke discharged through the smoke exhaust hood, so the possibility of the smoke being discharged to the outside of the smoke exhaust hood and burning and generating open flames is also low. Moreover, due to the diversion effect of the contraction section and the first expansion section, a vortex negative pressure zone will not be formed at the smoke outlet of the first expansion section. In this way, it can be seen from the above that the setting of the smoke exhaust hood in this application reduces the generation of open flames and effectively reduces the safety risks of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the smoke exhaust guide device, explosion-proof valve and plate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the smoke exhaust guide device along the AA direction is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the smoke exhaust guide device, the explosion-proof valve and the plate in another embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the smoke exhaust guide device along direction BB is shown;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of a local structure C in the smoke exhaust and guide device shown;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the plate and the explosion-proof valve in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a plate in one embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 1000, battery;

[0032] 100, smoke exhaust guide device; 200, plate; 300, explosion-proof valve;

[0033] 10. Smoke exhaust shroud; 20. Heat dissipation fins; 30. Phase change material coating;

[0034] 11. Contraction section; 111. First inclined plate; 112. First straight plate; 12. Throat section; 13. First expansion section; 14. Second expansion section; 141. Second inclined plate; 142. Second straight plate; 15. Smoke exhaust passage;

[0035] 210, explosion-proof valve port;

[0036] 310, pressure relief port;

[0037] X, axial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0043] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0044] The safety of batteries is particularly important during use, especially when used in new energy vehicles. However, in recent years, accidents such as vehicle fires caused by thermal runaway of batteries have occurred frequently in new energy vehicles. When a vehicle catches fire, it is often easy to cause burns to people or burn damage to items, causing certain personal or property losses to users.

[0045] Related technologies typically focus on reducing battery thermal runaway. However, despite this, it remains difficult to completely prevent thermal runaway. Therefore, it is crucial to further minimize the chain reactions that follow thermal runaway and mitigate the potential damage to personnel and property.

[0046] Taking this as a starting point, the applicant discovered that batteries in the relevant technology usually have explosion-proof valves. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature flue gas ejected from the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve is likely to produce open flames, thereby burning people or burning objects. Therefore, one way to prevent damage to people or objects is to reduce the probability of open flames being produced by the flue gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve.

[0047] After in-depth research, the applicant discovered that open flames are mostly caused by two reasons: First, for some high-energy battery systems, the high-temperature flue gas generated during thermal runaway is even hotter, so that when discharged into the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas can still reach the ignition point of the combustible gas within. In addition, the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve is usually annular. When the high-temperature flue gas rushes out of the annular pressure relief port, due to the influence of vortex, the flue gas forms a vortex negative pressure zone around the explosion-proof valve, causing air to accumulate in this vortex negative pressure zone. In this case, the combustible gas that has reached the ignition point mixes with the oxygen in the air accumulated in the vortex negative pressure zone to ignite an open flame. Second, in addition to releasing high-temperature flue gas, thermal runaway also contains a large number of smoke particles. Especially for ternary batteries, the supersonic smoke particles released by thermal runaway when discharged from the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve may probabilistically ignite the combustible gas discharged along with it. Moreover, due to the support of the oxygen in the air accumulated in the vortex negative pressure zone, an open flame is caused at the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof valve.

[0048] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 7 In view of this, the present application provides a smoke exhaust diversion device 100, which includes a smoke exhaust diversion cover 10. The smoke exhaust diversion cover 10 is used to be sealed with the housing of the battery 1000, and the smoke exhaust diversion cover 10 corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve 300 of the battery 1000. The smoke exhaust diversion cover 10 includes a contraction section 11 and a first expansion section 13 that are sequentially connected and communicated along the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust diversion cover 10. In the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust diversion cover 10, the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 11 gradually decreases, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section 13 gradually increases.

[0049] The smoke exhaust shroud 10 is typically made of a high-temperature-resistant metal material, such as steel, iron, or other metal alloys. Not only is the smoke exhaust shroud 10 unaffected by the high-temperature flue gas, but it also typically possesses superior mechanical strength and a lower risk of deformation under the influence of air pressure during the process of guiding the high-temperature flue gas flow. Furthermore, metal materials generally conduct heat, transferring heat from the high-temperature flue gas to the external environment, thereby lowering its temperature and reducing the risk of open flames.

[0050] The smoke exhaust hood 10 is a shell-shaped part with a certain inner cavity. After the smoke exhaust hood 10 is connected to the box body, a space for high-temperature smoke to flow is formed inside the smoke exhaust hood 10. The smoke exhaust hood 10 is sealed and connected to the box body of the battery 1000, and the smoke exhaust hood 10 corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve 300 of the battery 1000. Therefore, when the smoke exhaust hood 10 is put on the corresponding explosion-proof valve 300, after the explosion-proof valve 300 is triggered, the high-temperature smoke will not flow out along the gap between the smoke exhaust hood 10 and the box body, but will only flow out after passing through the smoke exhaust hood 10. In the present application, the smoke ejected from the explosion-proof valve 300 surrounds the vortex negative pressure area formed (such as Figure 2The region j in the middle is located inside the smoke exhaust guide cover 10.

[0051] Due to the setting of the smoke exhaust guide cover 10, the high-temperature smoke discharged by the explosion-proof valve 300 (the high-temperature smoke flows along the Figure 2 The explosion-proof valve 300 is sprayed in the directions of arrows a and b. Arrows a and b only represent two flow directions of the smoke, and do not mean that the smoke can only flow in the two directions indicated by arrows a and b. The smoke can be wrapped in the smoke exhaust hood 10 and discharged from the smoke exhaust hood 10 after flowing a certain distance. The high-temperature smoke is wrapped in the smoke exhaust hood 10, and the air pressure formed in the smoke exhaust hood 10 is relatively large, and even greater than the air pressure of the external environment. In this way, it can reduce or even prevent the outside air from entering the smoke exhaust hood 10 and gathering in the vortex negative pressure area, forming a positive pressure oxygen barrier, and the possibility of generating an open flame at the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300 is low. Moreover, in the smoke exhaust hood 10, the overall flow direction of the high-temperature smoke is roughly sprayed along the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust hood 10, the smoke discharge is smoother, and the smoke exhaust efficiency is high.

[0052] Furthermore, in the exhaust hood 10, the high-temperature smoke first enters the contraction section 11. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 11 gradually decreases along the axial direction X of the exhaust hood 10, during the flow of the high-temperature smoke, the high-temperature smoke will not be directly discharged from the exhaust port of the contraction section 11 into the first expansion section 13, but will collide with the inner wall of the contraction section 11 and flow for a certain distance in the contraction section 11 before flowing out from the exhaust port of the contraction section 11 (the flow direction of the smoke in the contraction section 11 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 Arrow c to arrow g, arrow c to arrow d to arrow g, arrow e to arrow h, arrow e to arrow f to arrow h, and so on. The above flow directions only represent some flow directions of the flue gas and do not mean that the flue gas can only flow along these flow directions).

[0053] In this process, on the one hand, the high-temperature flue gas collides with the inner wall of the contraction section 11, and in a short period of time, its flow direction changes, and some flue gas rebounds and flows to fill the vortex negative pressure area at the explosion-proof valve 300, so that the vortex negative pressure area is reduced or disappears, thereby reducing the impact of the vortex negative pressure and reducing the risk of the combustible gas of the high-temperature flue gas being ignited when it comes into contact with oxygen in the vortex negative pressure area. Moreover, in this embodiment, the vortex negative pressure area is usually located in the area near its smoke inlet in the contraction section 11. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 11 gradually decreases in the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust guide cover 10, the degree of smoke concentration in the area near its smoke outlet of the contraction section 11 is higher than the degree of smoke concentration in the area near its smoke inlet of the contraction section 11. Therefore, the vortex negative pressure area at the explosion-proof valve 300 can be limited to the area near its smoke inlet in the contraction section 11, and oxygen is prevented from entering the vortex negative pressure area at the explosion-proof valve 300, further achieving positive pressure oxygen blocking. On the other hand, after the high-temperature flue gas collides with the inner wall of the contraction section 11, it is subjected to the resistance of the inner wall, its kinetic energy is reduced, and the flow rate will decrease. Moreover, after it collides with the inner wall of the contraction section 11, the flow direction changes, the flow path becomes longer, and the temperature and flow rate of the high-temperature flue gas will be reduced to a certain extent. Therefore, the high-temperature flue gas discharged outside the smoke exhaust hood 10 is not likely to cause friction.

[0054] Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas with reduced temperature and speed flows out from the exhaust port of the exhaust section of the contraction section 11, enters the first expansion section 13, and after flowing for a certain distance in the first expansion section 13, is finally discharged from the exhaust port of the first expansion section 13 away from the contraction section 11 (the flow direction of the flue gas in the first expansion section 13 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The arrows K, m, and n in the middle indicate the flow directions mentioned above, which only represent some flow directions of the flue gas and do not mean that the flue gas can only flow along these flow directions). Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section 13 gradually increases along the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust hood 10, the diffusion space of the high-temperature flue gas gradually increases during the flow in the first expansion section 13. When the high-temperature flue gas diffuses into a larger space, its heat will also be dissipated into the larger space. The increased heat dissipation causes the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas to decrease. At the same time, when the high-temperature flue gas diffuses into a larger space, its pressure will also decrease, and the flue gas flow rate will also decrease. Therefore, the temperature and flow rate of the flue gas finally discharged from the first expansion section 13 are relatively low, and the combustible gas fails to reach its ignition point at the smoke exhaust port of the first expansion section 13, and will not collide with the smoke particles with reduced speed, further reducing the occurrence of open flames and lowering safety hazards.

[0055] In summary, due to the presence of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13, the vortex negative pressure zone formed at the explosion-proof valve 300 can be confined within the contraction section 11, and positive pressure oxygen is achieved, preventing oxygen from entering the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300. This reduces the probability of an open flame occurring within the smoke exhaust shroud 10 and at the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300. Furthermore, the presence of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 of the smoke exhaust shroud 10 reduces the temperature and velocity of the flue gas flowing through the smoke exhaust shroud 10, thereby reducing the likelihood of the flue gas being discharged outside the smoke exhaust shroud 10 and burning and generating an open flame. Furthermore, due to the diversion effects of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13, an vortex negative pressure zone will not form at the smoke outlet of the first expansion section 13. Thus, as can be seen from the above, the provision of the smoke exhaust shroud 10 in this application reduces the generation of open flames and effectively mitigates the safety risks of the battery 1000.

[0056] For example, the cross-sectional areas of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 can be circular, square, rectangular or other shapes, which can be set according to specific requirements.

[0057] See also Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust shroud 10 further includes a throat section 12, which is connected and communicated between the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13. The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 11 is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat section 12 is S2, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section 13 is S3, where S2 ≤ S1 and S2 ≤ S3.

[0058] The throat section 12 connects and communicates with the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13, making the smoke exhaust hood 10 roughly "dumbbell" shaped. There are rounded corners between the throat section 12 and the contraction section 11, and between the throat section 12 and the first expansion section 13.

[0059] The cross-sectional area of ​​the throat section 12 may be circular, square, rectangular or other shapes, and may be specifically set according to requirements.

[0060] The cross-sectional area of ​​the throat section 12 is smaller than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 11, and is also smaller than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section 13. In the process of the smoke flowing from the contraction section 11 into the throat section 12 (the flow direction of the smoke flowing into the throat section 12 is as follows Figure 2 The arrows g and h in the figure only indicate some of the flow directions of the smoke, and do not mean that the smoke can only flow along these directions). Since the space of the throat section 12 is relatively narrow, the smoke flowing into the throat section 12 is accelerated compared with the smoke flowing into the exhaust port of the contraction section 11 close to the contraction section 11, which increases the smoke flow rate in the throat section 12 (the flow direction of the smoke in the throat section 12 is shown in FIG. Figure 2The flow direction indicated by the middle arrow i only represents one direction of smoke flow and does not mean that smoke can only flow along this direction. The degree of smoke acceleration within the throat section 12 is related to the narrowness of the throat section 12. To improve the structural stability and simplicity of the smoke exhaust hood 10, the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat section 12 is typically designed to be slightly smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 11 and slightly smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section 13. In this embodiment, the smoke within the throat section 12 is slightly accelerated before entering the first expansion section 13. Due to the sudden increase in space, the degree of deceleration of the accelerated smoke entering the first expansion section 13 is more significant than the degree of deceleration of the smoke entering the first expansion section 13 before acceleration, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the smoke within the first expansion section 13. This reduces the smoke flow velocity of the smoke flowing out of the expansion section and prevents friction due to the low flow velocity, thus improving safety.

[0061] In a test experiment, the exhaust shroud 10 was installed on the housing of a battery 1000. Measurements showed that the flue gas ejected from the pressure relief vent 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300, after passing through the exhaust shroud 10, and discharged from the exhaust vent of the first expansion section 13, had a flow rate reduced by at least 85% and a temperature reduced by at least 50% compared to the flow rate at the pressure relief vent 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300. Specifically, the flue gas temperature at the pressure relief vent 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300 was approximately 300°C, and the flue gas flow rate was approximately 13 m / s (meters per second). The flue gas temperature measured at the exhaust vent of the first expansion section 13 of the exhaust shroud 10 was approximately 140°C, and the flue gas flow rate was approximately 1.6 m / s. This indicates that installing the exhaust shroud 10 of the embodiment of the present application on the battery 1000 significantly reduces the flow rate and temperature of the flue gas generated by thermal runaway, thereby significantly reducing the probability of an open flame.

[0062] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust guide device 100 further includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins 20, all of which are arranged in the first expansion section 13 at intervals along a direction intersecting the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust guide cover 10, and are separated into a plurality of smoke exhaust channels 15 in the first expansion section 13.

[0063] For example, taking the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust deflector 10 as the horizontal direction, the direction intersecting the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust deflector 10 may be a vertical direction, or may be another horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust deflector 10 .

[0064] All the heat dissipating fins 20 are arranged at intervals, and in the layout direction of all the heat dissipating fins 20, a smoke exhaust channel 15 is defined between the first heat dissipating fin 20 and the inner wall of the first expansion section 13 facing the first heat dissipating fin 20, between each two adjacent heat dissipating fins 20, and between the last heat dissipating fin 20 and the inner wall of the first expansion section 13 facing the last heat dissipating fin 20.

[0065] Exemplarily, the heat dissipating fins 20 may be made of aluminum, copper, or other metal materials with high thermal conductivity.

[0066] The flue gas flowing out of the throat section 12 enters the first expansion section 13 and is then discharged through the exhaust channels 15. During this process, the flue gas comes into contact with the heat dissipation fins 20 and transfers heat to them, lowering the temperature of the flue gas. As a result, the temperature of the combustible gases in the flue gas discharged after passing through the first expansion section 13 does not reach its ignition point, further reducing the risk of open flames and improving safety.

[0067] In some embodiments, the inner walls of the throat section 12 and the first expansion section 13 are both covered with a phase change material coating 30 , and / or the outer surface of the heat dissipation fins 20 is covered with a phase change material coating 30 .

[0068] Preferably, the inner walls of the throat section 12 and the first expansion section 13 , as well as the outer surfaces of the heat dissipation fins 20 are all covered with a phase change material coating 30 .

[0069] For example, the thickness of the phase change material coating 30 may be 1 mm (millimeter), 2 mm or other thicknesses, which may be set according to specific requirements.

[0070] The phase change material coating 30 is generally understood to be a solid coating that changes phase when heated to form a liquid or gaseous state. For example, the phase change material coating 30 can be a paraffin coating, a fatty acid coating, an inorganic hydrated salt coating, etc., and can be specifically set according to needs.

[0071] Taking the example of the phase change material coating 30 that changes phase when heated to form a gas, and the inner walls of the throat section 12 and the first expansion section 13, and the outer surfaces of the heat dissipating fins 20 are all covered with the phase change material coating 30, when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the throat section 12 and the various smoke exhaust channels 15, the phase change material coating 30 on the inner wall of the roar section, the inner wall of the expansion section and the heat dissipating fins 20 absorbs the heat of the flue gas and changes phase to form an airflow that is discharged outside the smoke exhaust hood 10, so that when the flue gas flows through the throat section 12 and the various smoke exhaust channels 15, the temperature of the flue gas decreases successively, so the temperature of the combustible gas in the flue gas discharged from the first expansion section 13 cannot reach its ignition point, further reducing the risk of open flames.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the phase change material coating 30 is not provided in the contraction section 11. Therefore, within this section, the flue gas in the contraction section 11 does not cool as much as within the first expansion section 13. As the temperature increases, the flue gas velocity and pressure increase. This allows the flue gas to form a higher pressure within the contraction section 11, making it more difficult for outside air to enter the contraction section 11 and fill the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300. This creates a positive pressure oxygen barrier with excellent oxygen barrier properties.

[0073] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the contraction section 11 includes two first inclined plates 111 and two first straight plates 112 arranged opposite to each other. Any one of the two first inclined plates 111 of the contraction section 11 gradually approaches the other of the two first inclined plates 111 in the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust hood 10, and the angle between the two first inclined plates 111 is α, 55°≤α≤65°, and the two first straight plates 112 of the contraction section 11 are both connected between the two first inclined plates 111.

[0074] For example, taking the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust hood 10 as the left and right direction, the two first inclined plates 111 of the smoke exhaust hood can be spaced apart along the vertical direction perpendicular to the left and right direction, and the two first straight plates 112 can be spaced apart along the front-to-back direction perpendicular to both the left and right direction and the vertical direction.

[0075] Alternatively, α may be 55°, 60°, 65°, and so on.

[0076] By designing the included angle of the two first inclined plates 111 to be α, 55°≤α≤65°, the degree of contraction between the two first inclined plates 111 is relatively appropriate. During the flow of smoke, the smoke changes the flow direction of the smoke by colliding with the first inclined plates 111. On the one hand, the smoke flows back to the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300, which can reduce or even eliminate the formation of the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300. On the other hand, due to the continuous shrinkage of the size of the contraction section 11, the smoke can also gather in the area of ​​the contraction section 11 close to its smoke exhaust port, and form a higher air pressure in this area to prevent oxygen from entering the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300 through this area, thereby achieving positive pressure oxygen resistance.

[0077] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 are arranged axially symmetrically, that is, the first expansion section 13 and the contraction section 11 have the same structure but are arranged in opposite ways.

[0078] In this embodiment, the overall weight of the smoke exhaust shroud 10 is evenly distributed, facilitating its stable installation on the housing. Furthermore, the angle between the two first inclined plates 111 of the first expansion section 13 in this embodiment is also 55°≤α≤65°. In the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust shroud 10, the spatial volume of the first expansion section 13 is significantly expanded, allowing the velocity of the smoke entering the first expansion section 13 to be rapidly reduced, thereby effectively reducing the speed of the smoke.

[0079] It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the throat section 12 can be designed to be a hollow rectangular shape, which has a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and a front side plate and a rear side plate arranged opposite to each other in the front-to-back direction, the two first inclined plates 111 located on the top side of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 and the top plate of the throat section 12, the two first inclined plates 111 located on the bottom side of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 and the bottom plate of the throat section 12, the two first straight plates 112 located on the front side of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 and the front side plate of the throat section 12, and the two first straight plates 112 located on the rear side of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 and the rear side plate of the throat section 12 are all arranged integrally.

[0080] The front, back, left, right and vertical directions in this application are all based on Figure 1 The position of the middle smoke exhaust guide cover 10 is used as a reference.

[0081] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust shroud 10 further includes a second expansion section 14, which is disposed at the head of the contraction section 11 facing away from the first expansion section 13, and is connected and communicated with the contraction section 11. In the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust shroud 10, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second expansion section 14 gradually increases.

[0082] The exhaust shroud 10 in this embodiment is generally shaped like a goldfish. The second expansion section 14 and the contraction section 11 together form a goldfish head, the throat section 12 forms the body, and the first expansion section 13 forms the tail.

[0083] The explosion-proof valve 300 and the eddy negative pressure zone formed at the explosion-proof valve 300 are both located in the second expansion section 14 .

[0084] Initially, the flue gas flows in various directions from the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300 (high-temperature flue gas flows along the Figure 4 The explosion-proof valve 300 is ejected in the directions of arrows p, q, and r. Arrows p, q, and r only represent three flow directions of the smoke, and do not mean that the smoke can only be ejected in the three directions indicated by arrows p, q, and r. The second expansion section 14 can guide the smoke to climb and flow along the inner wall of the second expansion section 14 (such as Figure 4The arrow s in the middle indicates that the above flow direction only represents a climbing flow direction of the smoke, and does not mean that the smoke can only climb and flow along this direction). In this way, when the smoke enters the contraction section 11, the smoke collides with the inner wall of the contraction section 11 and the flow direction changes (the flow direction of the smoke in the contraction section 11 is as shown in FIG. Figure 4 (The flow directions indicated by arrows t, u, and v, or t, w, represent only two possible directions for the flue gas and do not necessarily indicate that the flue gas can only flow in these two directions.) The flue gas flow is not excessively chaotic, resulting in turbulence. It is understood that the generation of turbulence can easily cause the flue gas to form a rotational motion, which can draw air into the exhaust shroud 10 and increase the oxygen content in the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300. Reducing the generation of turbulence can maintain the positive pressure oxygen barrier function within the contraction section 11 and confine the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300 to the second expansion section 14.

[0085] In the test experiment, the smoke flow rate of the smoke outlet of the first expansion section 13 in the smoke exhaust shroud 10 in this embodiment is reduced by more than 70% compared with the smoke flow rate of the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300, and the temperature is reduced by more than 30%.

[0086] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the second expansion section 14 includes two second inclined plates 141 arranged opposite to each other and two second straight plates 142 arranged opposite to each other, and either of the two second inclined plates 141 gradually moves away from the other of the two second inclined plates 141 in the axial direction X of the smoke exhaust hood 10, and the angle between the two second inclined plates 141 is β, 40°≤β≤50°, and the two second straight plates 142 are both connected between the two second inclined plates 141.

[0087] The two second inclined plates 141 correspond one-to-one with the two first inclined plates 111 of the contraction section 11 and are integrally formed. The two second straight plates 142 correspond one-to-one with the two first straight plates 112 of the contraction section 11 and are integrally formed.

[0088] Alternatively, β may be 40°, 45°, 50°, etc.

[0089] By designing the angle 40°≤β≤50°, the angle between the two second inclined plates 141 is optimal, ensuring that they can interact with and guide the flue gas ejected from the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300. Furthermore, the angles 55°≤α≤65° and 40°≤β≤50° indicate that the slope of the first inclined plate 111 is steeper than that of the second inclined plate 141. As a result, the contracting section 11 can better concentrate the flue gas within the second expanding section 14, increasing the air pressure within the contracting section 11. This prevents oxygen from entering the negative pressure vortex region at the explosion-proof valve 300 within the second expanding section 14, achieving positive pressure oxygen blocking.

[0090] See also Figures 1 to 4 ,as well as Figure 6 and Figure 7 On the second aspect, the present application also provides a battery 1000, which includes multiple battery cells, a box body, an explosion-proof valve 300 and the smoke exhaust diversion device 100 in any of the above embodiments, all the battery cells are arranged in the box body, and an explosion-proof valve port 210 is opened on the box body. The explosion-proof valve 300 corresponds to the explosion-proof valve port 210 one by one, and the explosion-proof valve 300 is inserted into the corresponding explosion-proof valve port 210, and the contraction section 11 faces the explosion-proof valve 300.

[0091] Specifically, all battery cells can be electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel. In addition, multiple battery cells can be first connected in series and / or in parallel to form a battery module 1000, and then multiple battery modules 1000 can be electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel.

[0092] The box body is formed by a plurality of plates 200, and an explosion-proof valve port 210 can be provided on one or more plates 200 in the box body. Figure 6 and Figure 7 For example, three explosion-proof valve ports 210 are opened on the same plate 200. At the same time, there are also three explosion-proof valves 300 and three smoke exhaust diversion devices 100. The explosion-proof valves 300 and the smoke exhaust diversion devices 100 correspond one-to-one to the explosion-proof valve ports 210, and the smoke exhaust diversion cover 10 in the smoke exhaust diversion device 100 is sealed and connected to the plate 200 where the corresponding explosion-proof valve ports 210 are set.

[0093] The battery 1000 in the present application can reduce the generation of open flames at the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300 by arranging a smoke exhaust diversion device 100 on the box body, thereby effectively reducing the safety hazards of the battery 1000.

[0094] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes the battery 1000 described in the above embodiment. The electrical device in the present application has the effects brought by any of the above embodiments, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0095] Among them, the above-mentioned electrical equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, electric tools, energy storage equipment, amusement equipment, elevators and lifting equipment, etc. Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.; spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.; electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys or electric airplane toys, etc.; power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.; energy storage equipment can be energy storage walls, base station energy storage, container energy storage, etc.; amusement equipment can be carousels, bungee jumping machines, etc. This application does not impose any special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.

[0096] In summary, the smoke exhaust hood 10, battery 1000, and electrical equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application, due to the presence of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13, can confine the vortex negative pressure zone formed at the explosion-proof valve 300 to the contraction section 11, and achieve positive pressure oxygen blocking, preventing oxygen from entering the vortex negative pressure zone at the explosion-proof valve 300. Therefore, the probability of an open flame occurring within the smoke exhaust hood 10 and at the pressure relief port 310 of the explosion-proof valve 300 is low. In addition, the presence of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13 of the smoke exhaust hood 10 reduces the temperature and velocity of the smoke flowing through the smoke exhaust hood 10 and exhausting it. Therefore, the possibility of the smoke being discharged to the outside of the smoke exhaust hood 10 and burning and producing an open flame is also low. Moreover, due to the guiding effect of the contraction section 11 and the first expansion section 13, an vortex negative pressure zone will not be formed at the smoke outlet of the first expansion section 13. Thus, it can be seen from the above that the provision of the smoke exhaust deflector 10 in the present application reduces the generation of open flames and effectively reduces the safety hazards of the battery 1000.

[0097] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0098] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust guide device, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust guide device comprises a smoke exhaust guide cover (10), the smoke exhaust guide cover (10) is used for sealing connection with the battery box, and the smoke exhaust guide cover (10) corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve (300) of the battery; The smoke exhaust shroud (10) comprises a contraction section (11) and a first expansion section (13) which are sequentially connected and communicated along the axial direction (X) thereof; in the axial direction (X) of the smoke exhaust shroud (10), the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section (11) gradually decreases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section (13) gradually increases.

2. The smoke exhaust guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust shroud (10) further comprises a throat section (12), wherein the throat section (12) is connected to and communicates between the contraction section (11) and the first expansion section (13); The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section (11) is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat section (12) is S2, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the first expansion section (13) is S3, S2≤S1, and S2≤S3.

3. The smoke exhaust guide device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust guide device further comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins (20), all of the heat dissipation fins (20) being arranged in the first expansion section (13) at intervals along a direction intersecting the axial direction (X) of the smoke exhaust guide cover (10), and being separated into a plurality of smoke exhaust channels (15) within the first expansion section (13).

4. The smoke exhaust guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner walls of the throat section (12) and the first expansion section (13) are both covered with a phase change material coating (30), and / or the outer surface of the heat dissipation fin (20) is covered with a phase change material coating (30).

5. The smoke exhaust guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contraction section (11) comprises two first inclined plates (111) arranged opposite to each other and two first straight plates (112) arranged opposite to each other, wherein either of the two first inclined plates (111) of the contraction section (11) gradually approaches the other of the two first inclined plates (111) in the axial direction (X) of the smoke exhaust hood (10), and the included angle between the two first inclined plates (111) is α, 55°≤α≤65°, and the two first straight plates (112) of the contraction section (11) are both connected between the two first inclined plates (111).

6. The smoke exhaust guide device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contraction section (11) and the first expansion section (13) are arranged in an axisymmetric manner.

7. The smoke exhaust guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust shroud (10) further comprises a second expansion section (14), which is arranged at the head of the contraction section (11) facing away from the first expansion section (13), and is connected to and communicates with the contraction section (11). In the axial direction (X) of the smoke exhaust shroud (10), the cross-sectional area of ​​the second expansion section (14) gradually increases.

8. The smoke exhaust guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second expansion section (14) comprises two second inclined plates (141) arranged opposite to each other and two second straight plates (142) arranged opposite to each other, wherein either of the two second inclined plates (141) gradually moves away from the other of the two second inclined plates (141) in the axial direction (X) of the smoke exhaust hood (10), and the angle between the two second inclined plates (141) is β, 40°≤β≤50°, and the two second straight plates (142) are both connected between the two second inclined plates (141).

9. A battery, characterized in that: include: The box body is provided with an explosion-proof valve port (210); An explosion-proof valve (300) corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve port (210), and the explosion-proof valve (300) is disposed through the corresponding explosion-proof valve port (210); and In the smoke exhaust guide device according to any one of the above claims, the contraction section (11) faces the explosion-proof valve (300).

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery as claimed in claim 9 above.

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