Battery type hydraulic excavator

Abstract

A battery-type hydraulic shovel (1) is provided with: an operator seat (14) disposed on a vehicle body (10); an openable and closable cover (15) having a driver's seat (14) attached to the top in the vertical direction; a removable battery (30) disposed below the cover (15) in the vertical direction; a hydraulic pump (43) disposed below the battery (30) and below the cover (15) in the vertical direction; and an electric motor (42) disposed below the battery (30) and below the cover (15) in the vertical direction, the attachment / detachment direction of the battery (30) being parallel to the opening / closing axis (AX1) of the cover (15).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a battery-type hydraulic excavator. Background Art

[0002] A known technology includes a work vehicle equipped with a battery cover having a driver's seat. When replacing the battery, the battery cover is opened by tilting the cover and the driver's seat backward using a hinge (see, for example, Patent Document 1). A known small hydraulic excavator includes a rearward-opening engine hood and a driver's seat provided on the engine hood (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

[0003] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-322765

[0004] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-199965 Summary of the Invention

[0005] Battery-powered hydraulic excavators, often called mini excavators, are smaller than work vehicles, but have limited interior space. Therefore, there is room for improvement in properly arranging batteries and various components within these compact battery-powered hydraulic excavators.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to appropriately arrange various components in a limited space below a driver's seat in a small battery hydraulic excavator.

[0007] According to the present disclosure, a battery-type hydraulic excavator is provided, comprising: a driver's seat, which is arranged on the body of the battery-type hydraulic excavator; an openable and closable cover, on which the driver's seat is mounted vertically above; a detachable battery, which is arranged vertically below the cover; a hydraulic pump, which is arranged vertically below the cover and below the battery; and an electric motor, which is arranged vertically below the cover and below the battery, and the detachment direction of the battery is parallel to the opening and closing axis of the cover.

[0008] According to the present disclosure, in a small battery hydraulic excavator, various components can be appropriately arranged in the limited space below the operator's seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment as viewed from the left front.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a perspective view showing a state where the cover is opened.

[0011] Figure 3 It is a plan view showing the layout of the components arranged below the cover.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a side view of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment as viewed from the right side, and is a diagram showing the layout of various components arranged below the cover.

[0013] Figure 5 It is a perspective view showing the layout of the components arranged below the cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The constituent elements of the embodiments described below can be combined as appropriate. In addition, there are also cases where some constituent elements are not used.

[0015] Implementation Method

[0016] Battery hydraulic excavator

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a battery hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the left front. A battery hydraulic excavator (hereinafter referred to as a "hydraulic excavator") 1 is a battery 30 (see FIG. Figure 2 ) is an electric hydraulic excavator with ) as the power source.

[0018] In the following, in the hydraulic excavator 1, the side where the work machine 12 is arranged is the front, and the side opposite to the front is the rear. In this embodiment, left and right refer to left and right relative to the front. The left and right direction is the width direction of the body 10 of the hydraulic excavator 1. The top is the side that is orthogonal to the plane (ground plane) with which the left and right pair of crawlers 18 are in contact and faces the body 10. The bottom is the opposite side of the top. The axis that faces the front and rear direction of the body 10 and passes through the center in the width direction of the body 10 is called the front and rear axis (center axis), and the axis that is orthogonal to the center axis, parallel to the setting plane, and faces the vehicle width direction of the body 10 is called the left and right axis. The axis that faces the up and down direction of the body 10 is called the up and down axis. The up and down axis is orthogonal to both the center axis and the left and right axis. The center axis is the X axis, the up and down axis is the Y axis, and the left and right axis is the Z axis.

[0019] The hydraulic excavator 1 of this embodiment is what is generally called a mini excavator. A mini excavator is a small hydraulic excavator with a working machine mass of less than 1 ton.

[0020] The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a vehicle body 10, a work implement 12, an operating unit 13, a driver's seat 14, a cover 15, a floor 16, and a pair of left and right crawler tracks 18. The vehicle body 10 has a frame 11. The frame 11 supports the work implement 12, the operating unit 13, the driver's seat 14, the cover 15, the components within the cover 15, and the floor 16. The crawler tracks 18 are disposed at the left and right ends of the vehicle body 10.

[0021] The operating unit 13 is disposed in front of the operator's seat 14. The operating unit 13 includes various operating levers and the like used by the operator to operate the hydraulic excavator 1. More specifically, the operating unit 13 includes various operating levers and the like used by the operator to control the travel of the hydraulic excavator 1 and the work performed by the work implement 12.

[0022] The operator's seat 14 is an operator's seat where the operator of the hydraulic excavator 1 sits. The operator's seat 14 is disposed on the vehicle body 10 of the hydraulic excavator 1. The operator's seat 14 is attached to an upper portion of a cover 15.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram showing a state where the cover is opened. The cover 15 is in the shape of a box with an opening at the bottom. The cover 15 is configured to cover at least the battery 30. The cover 15 accommodates the battery 30 and the like on its inner side. The cover 15 is arranged on the body 10 of the hydraulic excavator 1. The driver's seat 14 is mounted vertically above the cover 15. When viewed from the top and bottom, the cover 15 has a rectangular shape that is larger than the periphery of the driver's seat 14 by about 10 cm. In this embodiment, for example, the length of the cover 15 in the left-right direction and the length in the front-back direction are approximately several tens of centimeters, and the height in the top-bottom direction is approximately several tens of centimeters.

[0024] The cover 15 can be opened or closed by rotating around the opening and closing axis AX1. The opening and closing axis AX1 of the cover 15 is arranged in the left-right direction at the rear of the vehicle body 10. When the cover 15 is in the closed state, the lower end of the cover 15 is located at the same height as the base plate 16. The cover 15 is opened by lifting the front side around the opening and closing axis AX1 and tilting it backward. The cover 15 rotates about 90° around the opening and closing axis AX1. When the cover 15 is in the open state, the entire battery 30 is exposed and can be disassembled. When the cover 15 is in the open state, the driver's seat 14 tilts backward. When the cover 15 is in the closed state, the battery 30 is stored inside. When the cover 15 is in the closed state, the operator can sit on the driver's seat 14.

[0025] The floor 16 is a flat surface for the operator to rest their feet. It is located on the body 10 of the hydraulic excavator 1. It is located below the driver's seat 14 and behind the operating unit 13. The floor 16 is located above the vehicle frame 11. The height of the floor 16 from the ground is, for example, approximately 50 cm.

[0026] Inside the cover

[0027] use Figures 3 to 5 , the interior of the cover 15 will be described. Figure 3 It is a plan view showing the layout of the components arranged below the cover. Figure 4This is a side view of the excavator according to the embodiment as viewed from the right side, and is a diagram showing the layout of various components arranged below the cover. Figure 5 This is a perspective view showing the layout of the components located under the cover. The cover 15 houses the support platform 20, battery 30, auxiliary battery 39, hydraulic oil tank 41, electric motor 42, hydraulic pump 43, power control unit (PCU) 45, blower 47, swing motor 51, and electronic equipment unit (EEU) 53.

[0028] The support platform 20 is fixed to the vehicle frame 11. The support platform 20 is erected upward from the vehicle frame 11. The support platform 20 supports the battery 30. The support platform 20 includes a leg portion 22, a wall portion 21, and a wall portion 23.

[0029] The support legs 22 extend upward from the vehicle frame 11. In this embodiment, four support legs 22 are provided. One support leg 22 is provided at the front right, front left, rear right, and rear left sides, respectively. The four support legs 22 support the wall 21 and the wall 23.

[0030] The wall portion 21 and the wall portion 23 are supported by four leg portions 22. The wall portion 21 is an L-shaped plate. The wall portion 21 is formed integrally into an L-shape by the wall portion 21a and the wall portion 21b. The wall portion 21a is arranged along a plane parallel to the bottom plate 16. The wall portion 21a is arranged to face upward. The wall portion 21b is erected upward from the front end portion of the wall portion 21a. The wall portion 21b is arranged to be perpendicular to the wall portion 21a. The wall portion 21b is arranged to face forward. There is a gap of about 10 cm between the wall portion 21b and the wall portion on the front side of the cover 15 in the closed state. The wall portion 23 is arranged opposite to the wall portion 21b. The lower end portion of the wall portion 23 is fixed to the rear end portion of the wall portion 21a. The wall portion 23 is arranged to face forward. There is a gap of about several centimeters between the wall portion 23 and the wall portion on the rear side of the cover 15 in the closed state.

[0031] The support stand 20 configured in this manner partitions the internal space of the cover 15 into two layers: an upper layer and a lower layer of the wall portion 21 a .

[0032] An opening 29 is formed vertically below the support platform 20. Opening 29 is the space between the lower ends of the four legs 22. Opening 29 communicates with the exterior of the vehicle body 11. Air inside the cover 15 is exhausted to the bottom of the vehicle body 10 through opening 29.

[0033] The battery 30 is a power source for the hydraulic excavator 1. The battery 30 is a rechargeable battery that can be attached to and detached from the vehicle body 10. The battery 30 is charged by an AC power source while detached from the vehicle body 10. The battery 30 is, for example, a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lithium-ion battery.

[0034] The battery 30 is located below the operator's seat 14 of the hydraulic excavator 1. The battery 30 is located vertically above the hydraulic pump 43 and the electric motor 42. The battery 30 is mounted on a support platform 20 that extends upward from the vehicle frame 11 of the hydraulic excavator 1. The battery 30 is located above the wall 21a of the support platform 20.

[0035] The battery 30 is housed inside the cover 15. The battery 30 is arranged below the cover 15 in the vertical direction. The battery 30 can be attached and detached when the cover 15 is opened.

[0036] The battery 30 is detachable from one side of the vehicle body 10 in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, the battery 30 is detachable from the right side of the vehicle body 10. Figure 2 , an arrow indicates an attachment and detachment direction A of the battery 30 . The attachment and detachment direction A of the battery 30 is parallel to the opening and closing axis AX1 of the cover 15 .

[0037] The battery 30 has one or more battery packs. In the present embodiment, the battery 30 has a battery pack 31 and a battery pack 32. In the present embodiment, the battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 are arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction at the same height in the vertical direction. The battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 are constructed in the same manner. The battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 are electrically connected in series via wiring not shown. The battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 are plug-in battery packs. When the remaining power is low, the battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 are removed from the vehicle body 10 for charging, or the battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 are exchanged with other charged battery packs.

[0038] The battery 30 is disposed across the central axis C of the vehicle body 10 . Part of the battery 30 , specifically, a portion of the battery pack 31 and a portion of the battery pack 32 on the left side of the left side of the center in the left-right direction, are disposed across the central axis C.

[0039] The weight of the battery 30, in other words, the combined weight of the battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32, is, for example, approximately 20 kg. The length of the battery 30 along the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle body 10, in other words, the length of the battery pack 31 and the battery pack 32 when arranged side by side, along the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle body 10, is longer than the length of the hydraulic oil tank 41 along the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle body 10. The rear end of the battery 30, i.e., the rear end of the battery pack 31, and the rear end of the hydraulic oil tank 41 are arranged at the same position in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle body 10.

[0040] Auxiliary battery 39 is an auxiliary battery. Auxiliary battery 39 is positioned along the side of battery 30. Auxiliary battery 39 is positioned on the side surfaces of battery 30, excluding the side surface facing the opening and closing axis AX1. In this embodiment, auxiliary battery 39 is positioned on the side surface of battery 30 that faces the front.

[0041] The hydraulic oil tank 41 is a tank for the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic excavator 1. The hydraulic oil tank 41 and the battery 30 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the vehicle body 10. The hydraulic oil tank 41 is arranged on the vehicle frame 11. The hydraulic oil tank 41 is arranged on the other side of the vehicle body 10 in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, the hydraulic oil tank 41 is arranged on the left side of the vehicle body 10 in the left-right direction. The weight of the hydraulic oil tank 41 is, for example, approximately 10 kg. The length of the hydraulic oil tank 41 in the front-to-back direction of the vehicle body 10 is shorter than the length of the battery 30 in the front-to-back direction of the vehicle body 10.

[0042] The electric motor 42 is the power source of the hydraulic excavator 1. The electric motor 42 supplies power for driving the hydraulic excavator 1. The electric motor 42 is driven based on the power supplied by the battery 30. The electric motor 42 is used to drive the hydraulic pump 43, etc. The electric motor 42 has an axis AX2 arranged along the left-right direction of the vehicle body 10. The electric motor 42 and the hydraulic pump 43 are arranged coaxially. The electric motor 42 is arranged on the vehicle frame 11. The electric motor 42 is arranged below the battery 30 in the vertical direction of the cover 15. The electric motor 42 is arranged on the lower side of the wall 21 of the support platform 20. The electric motor 42 and the power supply control unit 45 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction. The electric motor 42 is arranged closer to the center of the power supply control unit 45 in the left-right direction.

[0043] The hydraulic pump 43 supplies hydraulic oil for operating the working machine 12 of the hydraulic excavator 1. The hydraulic pump 43 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 41 and the electric motor 42. In the hydraulic pump 43, an axis AX2 is arranged along the left-right direction of the vehicle body 10. The hydraulic pump 43 and the motor are arranged coaxially. The hydraulic pump 43 is arranged on the vehicle frame 11. The hydraulic pump 43 is arranged on the lower side of the wall portion 21 of the support platform 20. The hydraulic pump 43 is arranged below the battery 30 in the vertical direction of the cover 15. The hydraulic pump 43 is arranged on the left side of the electric motor 42 in the left-right direction. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 43 is supplied to the actuator (not shown) for driving the working machine 12 via the hydraulic piping (not shown). The hydraulic piping is arranged between the base plate 16 and the vehicle frame 11.

[0044] The power control unit 45 controls the power from the battery 30. The power control unit 45 includes, for example, an inverter for driving the electric motor 42 or a converter for controlling the voltage. The power control unit 45 is located below the wall 21 of the support platform 20. The power control unit 45 is located vertically below the cover 15 and below the battery 30. The power control unit 45 is arranged side by side with the electric motor 42 in the left-right direction. The power control unit 45 is located to the right of the electric motor 42 in the left-right direction.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown by arrow B, fan 47 draws air from outside to inside of vehicle body 10. Fan 47 is arranged on the right side of power control unit 45 in the left-right direction. Fan 47 is arranged to face the vent hole formed in the wall portion on the right side of the outer shell of vehicle body 10.

[0046] The swing motor 51 is a swing motor for generating a driving force for swinging the swing body of the hydraulic excavator 1. The swing motor 51 is driven by the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 43.

[0047] The electronic device unit 53 is arranged side by side with the auxiliary battery 39 in the left-right direction. The electronic device unit 53 is arranged closer to the center in the left-right direction than the auxiliary battery 39. The electronic device unit 53 is erected from the vehicle frame 11.

[0048] Effect

[0049] As described above, this embodiment includes: a driver's seat 14; an openable and closable cover 15 with the driver's seat 14 mounted vertically above the cover 15; a detachable battery 30 disposed vertically below the cover 15; a hydraulic pump 43 disposed below the battery 30; and an electric motor 42 disposed below the battery 30. According to this embodiment, in a hydraulic excavator 1 having a compact body 10, various components can be appropriately arranged within the limited space below the driver's seat 14.

[0050] In this embodiment, the attachment and detachment direction A of the battery 30 is parallel to the opening and closing axis AX1 of the cover 15. According to this embodiment, the battery 30 can be attached and detached without interfering with the cover 15 being opened and closed.

[0051] In this embodiment, the battery 30 can be attached and detached in a state where the cover 15 is opened. According to this embodiment, the battery 30 can be easily charged or replaced.

[0052] In this embodiment, the cover 15 is opened or closed by rotating about an opening and closing axis AX1 disposed laterally behind the vehicle body. According to this embodiment, the cover 15 can be opened widely, allowing the operator to easily access the battery 30 from the side of the vehicle body 10.

[0053] Explanation of symbols

[0054] 1…Hydraulic excavator; 10…Vehicle body; 11…Vehicle frame; 12…Work implement; 13…Operating unit; 14…Operating seat; 15…Cover; 16…Floor plate; 18…Crawler tracks; 20…Support platform; 21…Wall; 21a…Wall; 21b…Wall; 22…Support leg; 23…Wall; 30…Battery; 31…Battery pack; 32…Battery pack; 39…Auxiliary battery; 41…Hydraulic oil tank; 42…Electric motor; 43…Hydraulic pump; 45…Power control unit; 47…Blower; 51…Swing motor; 53…Electronic equipment unit; A…Assembly and disassembly direction; AX1…Opening and closing axis; AX2…Axis; C…Center axis.

Claims

1. A battery hydraulic excavator, characterized in that: have: A driver's seat, which is arranged on a body of the battery hydraulic excavator; An openable and closable cover, with the driver's seat mounted vertically above the cover; a detachable battery disposed vertically below the cover; a hydraulic pump disposed vertically below the cover and below the battery; and an electric motor disposed vertically below the cover and below the battery; The disassembly and assembly direction of the battery is parallel to the opening and closing axis of the cover.

2. The battery hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery can be installed and removed when the cover is opened.

3. The battery hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that The opening and closing axis of the cover is arranged in the left-right direction at the rear of the vehicle body. The cover is opened or closed by rotating about the opening and closing axis.

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