Intelligent fertilizer preparation sprinkling irrigation system and application method thereof

Abstract

The intelligent fertilizer preparation sprinkling irrigation system comprises an aluminum alloy rail erected on the top of a greenhouse and a fertilizer preparation sprinkling irrigation vehicle, the fertilizer preparation sprinkling irrigation vehicle comprises a vehicle body which is slidably arranged on the aluminum alloy rail through driving of a walking mechanism, and the walking mechanism is electrically connected with a positioning system to achieve high-precision stopping. A multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank for preparing and storing fertilizer liquid is arranged on the vehicle body, a plurality of telescopic spraying arms are arranged on the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank in a communicating manner, and each telescopic spraying arm has a drip irrigation mode and an atomization spraying mode; the intelligent control system is electrically connected with the fertilizer preparation sprinkling irrigation vehicle and is used for controlling the sprinkling irrigation frequency and the sprinkling irrigation mode of the fertilizer preparation sprinkling irrigation vehicle by monitoring the soil environment, the evaporation capacity and the crop growth data in the greenhouse, and the internet-of-things cooperative system is used for adjusting the humidity in the greenhouse by controlling the opening degree of a curtain wall in the greenhouse and the rotating speed of a circulating fan. The intelligent fertilizer preparation and spray irrigation method applies the intelligent fertilizer preparation and spray irrigation system to perform fertilizer preparation and spray irrigation operation, and has the advantages of small irrigation blind area, high fertilizer utilization rate and low disease occurrence rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system and an application method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizer distribution vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The development of the intelligent fertilizer-matching sprinkler irrigation system stems from the multiple bottlenecks of traditional greenhouse irrigation technology: early sprinkler irrigation systems relied on a fixed pipe network layout and were unable to adapt to the mobility requirements of large-span (≥60m) cultivation units in Venlo greenhouses, resulting in an irrigation blind spot rate of over 15%. Traditional water-fertilizer matching was manually controlled, with EC (Electrical Conductivity) adjustment errors exceeding ±0.5mS / cm, resulting in fertilizer waste rates as high as 30%. Environmental control and irrigation systems operated independently, and greenhouse humidity fluctuations exceeding ±20%RH were prone to diseases such as downy mildew. Furthermore, while existing intelligent irrigation equipment incorporates soil moisture monitoring, it lacks multi-parameter collaborative decision-making (e.g., it does not dynamically optimize spraying strategies by combining CO2 concentration and light intensity), and the positioning accuracy of mobile sprinklers is only ±10cm, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-density, three-dimensional cultivation.

[0003] Therefore, this field is in urgent need of a new type of intelligent fertilizer distribution and sprinkler irrigation system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system has a large irrigation blind area, a high fertilizer waste rate, and a high incidence of diseases caused by the separation of environmental control and irrigation. A small amount of intelligent control irrigation equipment is difficult to meet the needs of high-density three-dimensional cultivation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system and its application method, which can realize precise irrigation with small irrigation blind area, and achieve precise operation with water and fertilizer utilization rate increased by 30% and disease incidence reduced by 25%.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives and effects, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system, comprising a high-precision aluminum alloy track and a fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation vehicle, wherein the aluminum alloy track is mounted on the top of a greenhouse, the fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation vehicle comprises a traveling mechanism, a vehicle body, a multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank, and a telescopic spray arm, wherein the vehicle body is driven and slidably mounted on the aluminum alloy track by the traveling mechanism, the traveling mechanism is electrically connected to an external positioning system to achieve a parking accuracy of ±5 cm, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank is mounted on the vehicle body for configuring and storing fertilizer liquid, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank has a dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system that performs dynamic fertilizer distribution compensation and real-time regulation of the fertilizer liquid ratio according to the crop growth cycle, the telescopic spray arm is connected to the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank and is axially spaced at multiple intervals around the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank, and the telescopic spray arm has two sprinkler irrigation modes: drip irrigation and atomizing spraying;

[0008] It also includes an intelligent control system and an Internet of Things collaborative system. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the fertilizer sprinkler truck, and controls the sprinkler frequency and sprinkler mode of the fertilizer sprinkler truck by monitoring the soil environment, evaporation and crop growth data in the greenhouse; the Internet of Things collaborative system adjusts the humidity in the greenhouse by controlling the curtain wall opening and the circulation fan speed in the greenhouse.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank is a four-channel fertilizer liquid mixing tank, which has four independent storage tanks for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements and a mixing tank body. The four independent storage tanks are connected to the mixing tank body through a multi-channel fertilizer liquid proportional valve. Mass flow meters are provided in the four independent storage tanks, and a pH sensor and an EC sensor are provided in the mixing tank body; the dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system has a built-in variety of crop growth models according to planting needs, and automatically switches the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio scheme according to the crop planting cycle.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank is also provided with at least one dual-spectrum camera for real-time monitoring of the color of crop leaves during sprinkler irrigation. The dual-spectrum camera feeds back the NDVI value to the dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system to drive the fertilizer distribution sprinkler truck to perform topdressing operations.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic spray arm includes a telescopic arm rod, a pressure-compensating dripping arrow and a rotary centrifugal nozzle. The telescopic arm rod has a telescopic front end arranged away from the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank. The pressure-compensating dripping arrow and the rotary centrifugal nozzle are both arranged on the telescopic front end and are respectively connected to the mixing tank body.

[0012] Furthermore, the intelligent control system is equipped with an edge computing gateway and integrated with a CO2 sensor. The edge computing gateway is electrically connected to the CO2 sensor and the rotary centrifugal nozzle respectively. The edge computing gateway starts the rotary centrifugal nozzle during the peak period of crop photosynthesis.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent control system also integrates multiple soil moisture sensors electrically connected to the edge computing gateway, and the multiple soil moisture sensors are buried in the planting soil and have multiple burial depths.

[0014] Furthermore, the edge computing gateway accesses weather station data.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixing tank is a Venturi fertilizer mixer.

[0016] Preferably, the traveling mechanism has a high-precision servo motor to drive the movement of the vehicle body, and the external positioning system is a UWB positioning system.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation method, which uses the above-mentioned intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system to perform fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation operations, including the following steps:

[0018] Hardware deployment: setting up the high-precision aluminum alloy track on the top of the greenhouse and installing the fertilizer sprinkler truck on the aluminum alloy track;

[0019] The dynamic compensation fertilizer allocation system allocates fertilizer liquid according to the crop growth cycle;

[0020] The fertilizer sprinkler truck selects the sprinkler mode according to the crop environment;

[0021] The traveling mechanism drives the vehicle body, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank and the telescopic spray arm to move synchronously to perform cruise sprinkler irrigation operations;

[0022] The IoT collaborative system adjusts the humidity in the greenhouse by controlling the curtain wall opening and the speed of the circulating fan.

[0023] The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system and its application method provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0024] The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system of the present invention achieves precise movement (positioning error ±5cm) through an aluminum alloy track system. It is equipped with an intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation vehicle, dynamically adjusts the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio according to the crop growth stage (such as 1:3:2 during the flowering period), and integrates soil moisture conditions, weather forecasts and leaf optical data. It adopts drip irrigation and atomization dual-mode spraying, combined with environmental linkage control (automatic adjustment of temperature and humidity), to achieve precise operation that increases water and fertilizer utilization by 30% and reduces disease incidence by 25%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an intelligent fertilizer distribution and sprinkler irrigation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a workflow diagram of an intelligent fertilizer distribution and sprinkler irrigation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1-Aluminum alloy track; 2-Fertilizer mixing sprinkler; 21-Travel mechanism; 22-Car body; 23-Multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank; 231-Independent tank body; 232-Mixing tank body; 24-Telescopic spray arm; 241-Telescopic arm rod; 242-Pressure-compensated drip arrow; 243-Rotary centrifugal sprinkler head; 3-Control body; 4-CO2 sensor; 5-Dual-spectrum camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 An intelligent fertilizer sprinkler irrigation system includes a high-precision aluminum alloy track 1 and a fertilizer sprinkler irrigation vehicle 2. The aluminum alloy track 1 is erected on the top of the greenhouse. The span of the aluminum alloy track 1 is preferably 60m. The fertilizer sprinkler irrigation vehicle 2 is installed on the top of the greenhouse through the guidance sliding of the aluminum alloy track 1 to sprinkle fertilizer liquid on the crops in the greenhouse on the path of the aluminum alloy track 1.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 The fertilizer mixing and irrigation vehicle 2 includes a traveling mechanism 21 , a vehicle body 22 , a multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 and a telescopic spray arm 24 .

[0032] The vehicle body 22 is driven and slid onto the aluminum alloy track 1 by a running mechanism 21. The running mechanism 21 is electrically connected to an external positioning system to achieve a docking accuracy of ±5cm. Specifically, the running mechanism 21 is a running wheel driven by a high-precision servo motor to drive the movement of the vehicle body 22, preferably moving at a speed of 0.5-2m / min along the greenhouse roof track. The external positioning system uses a UWB positioning system to achieve a docking accuracy of ±5cm. For example, the Feirui Intelligent UWB SIP chip integrates RF circuits and filters into a 9×9mm module. Through a 22nm process and hardware acceleration algorithms, it achieves ±5mm dynamic accuracy and low power consumption of <100mW, meeting the needs of cross-regional coordinated operations. The UWB positioning system is connected to the high-precision servo motor signal. The UWB tag communicates bidirectionally with multiple base stations via nanosecond pulse signals, measuring the signal round-trip time and calculating the distance. Combined with a triangulation positioning algorithm, the target coordinates are calculated using ranging data from at least three base stations, with a theoretical accuracy of within 20cm. The system utilizes a six-element linear array antenna design, employing beamforming technology to improve the signal-to-noise ratio by 18dB. Combined with a TDOA-AOA hybrid positioning algorithm (formula: θ = α·TDOA + (1-α)·AOA), it reduces positioning error to ±1.2cm. 5G communications (latency <10ms) transmit positioning data in real time, and BeiDou RTK technology extends outdoor positioning continuity, creating a seamless indoor and outdoor positioning closed loop. This is existing technology, so we won't elaborate on it here.

[0033] The multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 is installed on the vehicle body 22 for the configuration and storage of fertilizer liquid. The multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 has a dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system that performs dynamic fertilizer compensation according to the crop growth cycle to adjust the fertilizer liquid ratio in real time. The telescopic spray arm 24 is connected to the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 and is arranged at multiple axial intervals around the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23. The telescopic spray arm 24 has two sprinkler irrigation modes: drip irrigation and atomization spraying, and the coverage width is between 8-12m.

[0034] Specifically, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 is a four-channel fertilizer liquid mixing tank, which has four independent storage tanks for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements and a mixing tank body 232. The four independent storage tanks are connected to the mixing tank body 232 through a multi-channel fertilizer liquid proportional valve. Mass flow meters with an error of ≤1% are installed in the four independent storage tanks. A pH sensor and an EC sensor are provided in the mixing tank body 232. In this embodiment, the mixing tank body 232 adopts a Venturi fertilizer mixer. The element stock solutions in the four independent storage tanks are controlled by mass flow meters to enter the mixing tank body 232, and then the mother liquor is accurately mixed (with an error of ±0.2mS / cm) by the Venturi fertilizer mixer. The pH value and conductivity value of the mixed fertilizer solution are monitored by the pH sensor and the EC sensor to further ensure the fertilizer mixing accuracy. The telescopic spray arm 24 is installed and connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank body 232.

[0035] The dynamic compensation fertilizer allocation system has built-in multiple crop growth models according to planting needs, such as tomato, cucumber and other crop growth models. According to the crop planting cycle: seedling stage / flowering / fruiting, it automatically switches the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio scheme. For example, during the flowering period, the NPK ratio scheme is adjusted to 1:3:2.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 At least one dual-spectrum camera 5 is also installed on the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 for real-time monitoring of the color of crop leaves during sprinkler irrigation. The dual-spectrum camera 5 feeds back the NDVI value to the dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system to drive the fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation vehicle 2 to perform topdressing operations. The dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system also presets a minimum threshold of the NDVI value, such as 0.6. When the NDVI value is ≥0.6, topdressing is triggered, and then fertilizer liquid is sprinkled again through the telescopic sprinkler arm 24 to achieve dynamic fertilizer distribution compensation.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The telescopic spray arm 24 includes a telescopic arm 241, a pressure-compensating drip arrow 242 and a rotary centrifugal nozzle 243. The telescopic arm 241 adopts an electric telescopic rod, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail. The telescopic arm 241 has a telescopic front end set away from the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23. The pressure-compensating drip arrow 242 and the rotary centrifugal nozzle 243 are both installed on the telescopic front end and are respectively connected to the mixing tank body 232 through pipes. The flow rate of the pressure-compensating drip arrow 242 is controlled at 1.2-2.5L / h. In drip irrigation mode, the PID algorithm is used to maintain the pipe network pressure at 0.15MPa±5%, which is suitable for fixed row spacing cultivation and used for base wetting; the droplet particle size of the rotary centrifugal nozzle 243 is controlled at 50-150μm for canopy fertilization.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 An intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system also includes an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system is integrated into a control body 3 and electrically connected to a fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation vehicle 2. The control body 3 is mounted on a vehicle body 22 and controls the sprinkler irrigation frequency and pattern of the fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation vehicle 2 by monitoring the soil environment, evaporation, and crop growth data in the greenhouse.

[0039] Specifically, the intelligent control system is equipped with an edge computing gateway and integrated with a CO2 sensor 4. The edge computing gateway preferably has a computing power of 4TOPS. The dynamic compensation fertilizer system is deployed in the edge computing gateway, such as the XGBoost algorithm. The edge computing gateway is electrically connected to the CO2 sensor 4 and the rotary centrifugal nozzle 243 respectively. The CO2 sensor 4 has a range of 0-2000ppm and is used to monitor the CO2 output of crops in the sprinkler operation area, and then judge the current photosynthesis status of the crops. The edge computing gateway starts the rotary centrifugal nozzle 243 during the peak period of crop photosynthesis, and then implements foliar fertilizer spraying during the peak period of photosynthesis.

[0040] Furthermore, the intelligent control system also integrates multiple soil moisture sensors electrically connected to the edge computing gateway. These sensors are buried in the planting soil at various depths, including but not limited to 20, 40, and 60 cm, for real-time and accurate monitoring of soil moisture content and other related parameters, such as temperature and conductivity. The edge computing gateway simultaneously accesses weather station data and crop growth monitoring data to implement a triple control strategy:

[0041] Time trigger: Start the first round of irrigation one hour after sunrise;

[0042] Threshold trigger: Automatic water replenishment when the moisture content of the 20cm soil layer is less than 65%;

[0043] Prediction trigger: Adjust irrigation volume based on the probability of rainfall in the next 72 hours (accuracy ≥ 85%), saving up to 40% water.

[0044] Furthermore, the control unit 3 is also equipped with an IoT collaboration system. This system is linked to the greenhouse environment control equipment via 5G-MEC. During sprinkler irrigation, it synchronously adjusts the curtain wall opening (≥30%) and the circulation fan speed (800-1200 rpm) to avoid high humidity environments (RH>85%) lasting for more than 2 hours, thereby reducing the incidence of diseases such as downy mildew. In this embodiment, the curtain wall and circulation fan are common equipment in existing greenhouse cultivation and will not be described in detail.

[0045] At the same time, the intelligent control system can also synchronously upload fertilization data to the cloud during the fertilization process to generate a three-dimensional nutrient heat map, thereby increasing water and fertilizer utilization by 40%, reducing labor costs by 60%, and increasing crop yields by 25%-35% year-on-year. It also has remote fault diagnosis and mobile irrigation path planning functions.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 In a second aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation method, which uses the above-mentioned intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system to perform fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation operations, including the following steps:

[0047] S1, hardware deployment: set up a high-precision aluminum alloy track 1 on the top of the greenhouse and install the fertilizer sprinkler truck 2 on the aluminum alloy track 1;

[0048] S2, the dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system configures fertilizer solution according to the crop growth cycle, and accurately mixes the mother solution through the Venturi fertilizer mixer (error ±0.2mS / cm);

[0049] S3, the fertilizer sprinkler truck 2 selects the sprinkler mode according to the crop environment, automatically switches between drip irrigation (base wetting) and misting (canopy fertilization) according to the canopy density, and inputs weather forecast data and real-time leaf NDVI values ​​(threshold 0.6) into the decision-making system;

[0050] S4, the traveling mechanism 21 drives the vehicle body 22, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank 23 and the telescopic spray arm 24 to move synchronously, and the mobile vehicle body 22 cruises along the preset path to perform cruise sprinkler irrigation operations;

[0051] S5, the IoT collaborative system adjusts the humidity in the greenhouse by controlling the curtain wall opening and the speed of the circulating fan, completing the closed-loop control of water-fertilizer-air-heat.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form or substance. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and supplements without departing from the present invention, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with this profession without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system, characterized in that: It includes a high-precision aluminum alloy track and a fertilizer sprinkler truck. The aluminum alloy track is installed on the top of the greenhouse. The fertilizer sprinkler truck includes a traveling mechanism, a vehicle body, a multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank and a telescopic spray arm. The vehicle body is driven and slid on the aluminum alloy track by the traveling mechanism. The traveling mechanism is electrically connected to an external positioning system to achieve a parking accuracy of ±5cm. The multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank is arranged on the vehicle body for the configuration and storage of fertilizer liquid. The multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank has a dynamic compensation fertilizer system that performs dynamic fertilizer compensation according to the crop growth cycle and adjusts the fertilizer liquid ratio in real time. The telescopic spray arm is connected to the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank and is arranged at multiple intervals around the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank axially. The telescopic spray arm has two sprinkler irrigation modes: drip irrigation and atomization spraying. It also includes an intelligent control system and an Internet of Things collaborative system. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the fertilizer sprinkler truck, and controls the sprinkler frequency and sprinkler mode of the fertilizer sprinkler truck by monitoring the soil environment, evaporation and crop growth data in the greenhouse; the Internet of Things collaborative system adjusts the humidity in the greenhouse by controlling the curtain wall opening and the circulation fan speed in the greenhouse.

2. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank is a four-channel fertilizer liquid mixing tank, which has four independent storage tanks for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements and a mixing tank body. The four independent storage tanks are connected to the mixing tank body through a multi-channel fertilizer liquid proportional valve. Mass flow meters are provided in the four independent storage tanks, and a pH sensor and an EC sensor are provided in the mixing tank body. The dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system has built-in multiple crop growth models according to planting needs, and automatically switches the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio scheme according to the crop planting cycle.

3. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank is also provided with at least one dual-spectrum camera for real-time monitoring of the color of crop leaves during sprinkler irrigation. The dual-spectrum camera feeds back the NDVI value to the dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system to drive the fertilizer distribution sprinkler truck to perform topdressing operations.

4. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic spray arm includes a telescopic arm rod, a pressure-compensating dripping arrow and a rotating centrifugal nozzle. The telescopic arm rod has a telescopic front end arranged away from the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank. The pressure-compensating dripping arrow and the rotating centrifugal nozzle are both arranged on the telescopic front end and are respectively connected to the mixing tank body.

5. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent control system is equipped with an edge computing gateway and an integrated CO2 sensor. The edge computing gateway is electrically connected to the CO2 sensor and the rotary centrifugal nozzle, respectively. The edge computing gateway starts the rotary centrifugal nozzle during the peak period of crop photosynthesis.

6. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent control system also integrates multiple soil moisture sensors electrically connected to the edge computing gateway, and the multiple soil moisture sensors are buried in the planting soil and have multiple burial depths.

7. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The edge computing gateway accesses weather station data.

8. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing tank is a Venturi fertilizer mixer.

9. The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling mechanism has a high-precision servo motor to drive the movement of the vehicle body, and the external positioning system is a UWB positioning system.

10. An intelligent fertilizer distribution and sprinkler irrigation method, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to perform fertilizer distribution sprinkler irrigation operations, comprising the following steps: Hardware deployment: setting up the high-precision aluminum alloy track on the top of the greenhouse and installing the fertilizer sprinkler truck on the aluminum alloy track; The dynamic compensation fertilizer distribution system configures fertilizer liquid according to the crop growth cycle; The fertilizer sprinkler truck selects the sprinkler mode according to the crop environment; The traveling mechanism drives the vehicle body, the multi-stage fertilizer mixing tank and the telescopic spray arm to move synchronously to perform cruise sprinkler irrigation operations; The IoT collaborative system adjusts the humidity in the greenhouse by controlling the curtain wall opening and the speed of the circulating fan.

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