Stereoscopic planting temperature control greenhouse

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional planting temperature control greenhouse, the top of the greenhouse is provided with a thin film, the periphery of the greenhouse is provided with an insect-proof net, and the greenhouse is characterized by comprising a control system which controls opening and closing of the thin film and the insect-proof net; the three-dimensional planting groove comprises a planting layer, a flow guide cavity and a heat insulation layer, the flow guide cavity is provided with a plurality of flow guide pieces used for enhancing the heat exchange efficiency, and the flow guide cavity is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the heat insulation layer is filled with heat insulation materials. According to the greenhouse, the built-in flow guide cavities are integrated in the bottoms of the three-dimensional planting grooves and connected with an external motor-pumped well cold source, active, accurate and efficient cooling of high-temperature parts of crop root zones is achieved, the problem of vertical temperature gradient existing in three-dimensional planting is effectively solved, and under cooperative regulation and control of an intelligent control system, the temperature of the crop root zones can be effectively reduced. Environment regulation and control, water saving, energy saving and crop growth requirements are organically combined, and the temperature control efficiency of the three-dimensional greenhouse and the crop growth environment quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of crop planting greenhouses, and in particular to a three-dimensional planting temperature-controlled greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] As agricultural planting technology develops towards intensification and efficiency, three-dimensional planting greenhouses are becoming more and more widely used in agricultural production scenarios where land resources are becoming increasingly scarce because they can make full use of the vertical space in the greenhouse and increase the planting yield per unit area. However, the three-dimensional planting structure forms a temperature gradient in the vertical space, and the hot air gathers at the top of the greenhouse, causing the temperature of the cultivation trough area on the upper layer to be significantly higher than that in the middle and lower layers. High temperature stress can seriously inhibit the growth and development of crops, affect the efficiency of photosynthesis, and ultimately lead to quality decline and reduced production. Therefore, temperature control in three-dimensional planting greenhouses, especially precise control of the temperature of the upper planting troughs to ensure that the upper crops are in a temperature environment suitable for growth, is a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the current development of three-dimensional planting greenhouse technology. It is of great significance to improving the stability of the three-dimensional planting model, expanding the scope of crop planting, and improving the economic benefits of agricultural production.

[0003] However, existing temperature control technology for vertical greenhouses still has many shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of precise temperature control in the upper planting troughs. In terms of targeted temperature control, existing technologies focus on regulating the overall ambient temperature of the greenhouse, lacking a dedicated temperature control design for the localized high-temperature area of ​​the upper planting troughs. This results in low temperature control accuracy in the upper planting troughs and is unable to effectively alleviate the high temperature stress in this area. Furthermore, in extremely hot summer weather, relying solely on air cooling is limited in effect, unable to quickly and directly remove heat from the crop root zone, and cooling is delayed. Moreover, some crops are particularly sensitive to root zone temperature. Controlling air temperature alone while ignoring root zone temperature still cannot create the most suitable growth environment for crops.

[0004] Therefore, this field urgently needs a technical solution that can efficiently and accurately cool the high-temperature area in the upper layer of the three-dimensional planting greenhouse, especially directly acting on the crop root area, to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a three-dimensional planting temperature-controlled greenhouse, which integrates a guide cavity with a built-in turbulence generator at the bottom of the three-dimensional planting trough and connects to an external machine well cold source, thereby achieving active, precise and efficient cooling of the high-temperature parts of the crop root zone, effectively overcoming the problem of vertical temperature gradient in three-dimensional planting; at the same time, the system uses the heated cooling water for irrigation, realizes the recycling and utilization of heat energy, and under the coordinated control of the intelligent control system, organically combines environmental control, water and energy saving with crop growth needs, significantly improving the temperature control efficiency of the three-dimensional greenhouse and the quality of the crop growth environment.

[0006] In a first aspect, a three-dimensional planting temperature control greenhouse is provided. The greenhouse has a film on the top and a mesh around the periphery. The greenhouse comprises a control system that controls the opening and closing of the film and the mesh. The greenhouse also comprises a three-dimensional planting tank that includes a planting layer, a flow guide cavity, and a thermal insulation layer. The flow guide cavity is provided with a plurality of flow guide pieces for enhancing heat exchange efficiency. The flow guide cavity is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The thermal insulation layer is filled with a thermal insulation material.

[0007] It should be understood that by integrating the flow guide cavity structure with a turbulence generator in the three-dimensional planting tank in the upper high-temperature zone of the greenhouse, and cooperating with the bottom layer thermal insulation design, efficient and accurate active cooling of the crop root zone can be achieved, and the technical problem of excessively high temperature in the upper planting tank in three-dimensional cultivation is solved. At the same time, the thermal insulation layer effectively prevents the loss of cold energy, improves the cooling efficiency, and creates a more suitable growth environment for crops.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the flow guide pieces are arranged on the bottom wall or the top wall of the flow guide cavity. The flow guide pieces are irregularly distributed in the flow guide cavity. The flow guide pieces have a spiral structure, and the height of the flow guide pieces is lower than the height of the flow guide cavity.

[0009] It should be understood that when the fluid flows through, it is forced to move along the spiral path of the twisted piece, generating strong rotational flow. The twisted piece is irregularly arranged and has a spiral structure. This rotational movement constantly mixes the center of the fluid with the surrounding medium, greatly enhancing heat exchange, effectively breaking the laminar flow state of the cooling water in the flow guide cavity, forming sufficient turbulence, and enhancing the heat exchange strength between the cooling medium and the wall surface of the tank, thereby significantly improving the overall uniformity of the planting tank and the heat exchange efficiency, and achieving faster and more uniform cooling of the high temperature in the three-dimensional planting tank.

[0010] It should also be understood that the staggered arrangement of the turbulence generator is equivalent to extending the effective flow path and residence time of the cooling water in the tank bottom, so that the cold energy can be more fully released and exchanged. At the same time, the entire flow guide cavity wall becomes an efficient heat exchange surface, ensuring large-area and uniform heat conduction with the bottom of the planting layer, and avoiding local overheating or insufficient heat exchange.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the water inlet is connected to a well water source, and the water outlet is connected to an irrigation reservoir.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation layer is a composite thermal insulation material of porous ceramic particles and aerogel.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the heat insulation layer further includes an aluminum foil moisture-proof layer, and the aluminum foil moisture-proof layer is arranged between the heat insulation layer and the guide cavity.

[0014] It should be understood that the composite insulation material provides excellent thermal insulation performance, while the aluminum foil moisture-proof layer effectively blocks the erosion of the insulation material by condensed water vapor that may be generated in the diversion cavity. The synergistic effect of the two ensures the long-term dryness and stability of the insulation layer, prevents the cold from dissipating downward, and allows the cooling efficiency to continue to concentrate on the planting area above, thereby ensuring that the cooling effect in the upper high-temperature zone of the greenhouse is long-lasting and reliable.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the control system includes an environmental sensor group, a controller, and an actuator; the environmental sensor group is used to collect environmental parameters inside and outside the greenhouse and transmit them to the controller; the controller generates control instructions to drive the actuator based on the environmental parameters and preset rules, and the actuator controls the opening and closing of the film and the insect-proof net. In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the environmental sensor group includes at least a temperature sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a humidity sensor; the preset rules include: multiple sets of environmental thresholds are preset in the controller, and when the environmental parameters deviate from any of the environmental thresholds, the controller generates corresponding control instructions.

[0016] It should be understood that through the coordinated operation of the environmental sensor group, controller and actuator, intelligent closed-loop control of the opening and closing of the greenhouse film and insect-proof net is achieved. It can quickly respond and accurately adjust the greenhouse environment based on the real-time collected temperature, light and humidity data, thereby effectively curbing the high temperature accumulation phenomenon in the upper planting area, creating a stable growth environment for crops, and significantly improving the temperature control automation level and regulation effect of the three-dimensional greenhouse.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the planting layer is provided with the environmental sensor group, and the controller controls the water inlet of the water inlet according to data collected by the environmental sensor group.

[0018] It should be understood that by directly setting the environmental sensor group in the planting layer of the three-dimensional planting trough, accurate perception of the crop root zone environment is achieved, and this data is used to control the water inlet volume, thereby achieving on-demand and precise cooling of the upper high-temperature zone cultivation trough, effectively avoiding the problems of inaccurate temperature control and water resource waste caused by environmental perception lag or position deviation in traditional methods, and significantly improving the system's cooling efficiency and resource utilization efficiency.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the controller accesses external weather forecast data, and the controller predicts future environmental parameters in the greenhouse based on the weather forecast data, and generates and executes control instructions for the film and the insect-proof net in advance.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the control system further includes a communication module and a user terminal; the controller is connected to the user terminal through the communication module, for remotely transmitting the environmental parameters and equipment status information to the user terminal, and receiving manual control instructions or parameter setting instructions from the user terminal.

[0021] It should be understood that by introducing external weather forecast data, predictive control of environmental regulation is achieved, which can respond to sunlight and temperature changes in advance and optimize equipment response strategies. At the same time, a human-computer interaction channel is constructed with the help of a remote communication module, so that the system can maintain a high degree of automation while having remote monitoring and manual intervention capabilities, thereby significantly enhancing the greenhouse's control foresight and management flexibility for the upper high-temperature environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional planting temperature-controlled greenhouse provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional planting trough provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 A top view of a diversion cavity provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a guide plate provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the control system structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The terminology used in the following description merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the application. As used in this description and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term "at least one" or "one or more" as used in the following description indicates one, two or more than two. The term "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships; for example, A and / or B can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0028] Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other embodiments", "in additional embodiments" and so on, in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, unless otherwise specifically stated. The terms "comprising", "including", "having" and their variants mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically indicated.

[0029] With the development of agricultural intensification, three-dimensional planting greenhouses are widely used due to their space utilization advantages, but their vertical structure is easy to form a temperature gradient, resulting in a significantly higher temperature in the upper cultivation tank. High temperature stress can seriously inhibit plant growth and photosynthesis, affecting quality and yield. Therefore, precise control of the upper root zone temperature has become a key issue to improve the efficiency of three-dimensional planting.

[0030] Existing temperature control technologies are mostly focused on regulating the overall air temperature of the greenhouse, lacking efficient cooling means for the upper planting area, making it difficult to solve the problem of local high temperature. Especially under high temperature conditions in summer, air cooling methods have limited effect and lag, which cannot meet the growth needs of crops sensitive to root zone temperature.

[0031] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a technical solution that can directly act on the upper cultivation tank root zone and achieve efficient and precise cooling, to make up for the existing deficiencies and ensure the high-quality growth of crops.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application provide a three-dimensional planting temperature control greenhouse, which can effectively overcome the above problems.

[0033] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional planting temperature-controlled greenhouse provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional planting trough provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some examples, a film 1 is provided on the top of the greenhouse and an insect-proof net 2 is provided around it. It is characterized in that the greenhouse includes: a control system 3, the control system 3 controls the opening and closing of the film 1 and the insect-proof net 2; a three-dimensional planting trough 4, the three-dimensional planting trough 4 includes a planting layer 41, a guide cavity 42 and an insulation layer 43, the guide cavity 42 is provided with a plurality of guide plates 421 for enhancing heat exchange efficiency, and the guide cavity 42 is provided with a water inlet 422 and a water outlet 423; the insulation layer 43 is filled with insulation material.

[0035] Figure 3 A top view of a diversion cavity provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a guide plate provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some examples, the guide plate 421 is arranged on the bottom wall or the top wall of the guide cavity 42, the guide plate 421 is irregularly distributed in the guide cavity 42, the guide plate 421 is a spiral structure, and the height of the guide plate 421 is lower than the height of the guide cavity 42.

[0036] In some examples, the greenhouse according to claim 2 is characterized in that the water inlet 422 is connected to a well water source, and the water outlet 423 is connected to an irrigation water reservoir.

[0037] Continue to refer Figure 2 In some examples, the thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation layer 43 is a composite thermal insulation material of porous ceramic particles and aerogel.

[0038] Continue to refer Figure 2 In some examples, the heat insulation layer 43 further includes an aluminum foil moisture-proof layer 431 , and the aluminum foil moisture-proof layer 431 is disposed between the heat insulation layer 43 and the guide cavity 42 .

[0039] In one possible implementation, the top of the greenhouse is covered with an openable film 1 and surrounded by insect-proof nets 2. The core of the greenhouse lies in its control system 3 and three-dimensional planting troughs 4. The three-dimensional planting troughs 4 adopt a three-layer composite structure: the upper layer is a planting layer 41, which is used to accommodate crops and cultivation substrates; the middle layer is a closed guide cavity 42, which is provided with a number of spiral guide vanes 421 that are injection-molded integrally with the bottom of the cavity. These guide vanes 421 are irregularly distributed and lower in height than the guide cavity 42, and are used to force the cooling water flowing through to generate turbulence to maximize heat exchange efficiency; the bottom layer is a heat-insulating layer 43 filled with porous ceramic particles and aerogel composite materials. A layer of aluminum foil moisture-proof film 431 is tightly attached between this layer and the guide cavity 42 to isolate moisture to keep the insulation material dry for a long time and maintain stable performance. The water inlet 422 of the diversion cavity 42 is directly connected to low-temperature well water pumped from a deep well. The cooled water, after absorbing heat and heating, is discharged from its outlet 423 into the irrigation reservoir, thus achieving water recycling. The three-dimensional planting trough 4 is tilted on the three-dimensional device frame within the greenhouse, allowing the cooling water entering from the water inlet 422 to flow naturally to the water outlet 423 and then into the irrigation reservoir. The entire system is managed by the controller 32, which can automatically adjust the well water flow rate and the opening and closing of the roof film based on the data from the sensors arranged in the planting layer, thereby accurately and efficiently creating a suitable low-temperature environment for the root zone of the upper crops.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a control system structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 In some examples, the control system 3 includes an environmental sensor group 31, a controller 32 and an actuator 33; the environmental sensor group 31 is used to collect environmental parameters inside and outside the greenhouse and transmit them to the controller 32; the controller 32 generates control instructions based on the environmental parameters and preset rules to drive the actuator 33, and the actuator 33 controls the opening and closing of the film 1 and the insect-proof net 2.

[0041] In some examples, the environmental sensor group 31 includes at least a temperature sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a humidity sensor; the preset rules include: multiple sets of environmental thresholds are preset in the controller 32, and when the environmental parameters deviate from any of the environmental thresholds, the controller 32 generates corresponding control instructions.

[0042] In some examples, the planting layer 41 is provided with the environmental sensor group 31 , and the controller 32 controls the water inlet 422 according to data collected by the environmental sensor group 31 .

[0043] In some examples, the controller 32 is connected to external weather forecast data, and the controller 32 predicts future environmental parameters in the greenhouse based on the weather forecast data, and generates and executes control instructions for the film 1 and the insect-proof net 2 in advance.

[0044] In some examples, the control system 3 also includes a communication module 34 and a user terminal 35; the controller 32 is connected to the user terminal 35 through the communication module 34, and is used to remotely transmit the environmental parameters and equipment status information to the user terminal 35, and receive manual control instructions or parameter setting instructions from the user terminal 35.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the control system 3 of the three-dimensional temperature-controlled greenhouse is composed of an integrated controller 32 as its core. The controller 32 is connected to temperature, light, and humidity sensors distributed inside and outside the greenhouse. One set of sensors is directly installed in the cultivation matrix of the upper planting trough to accurately monitor the root zone environment of the crop. Multiple sets of temperature and humidity thresholds that match the crop growth stage are preset inside the controller 32. When the real-time data deviates from the threshold, the controller 32 immediately drives the actuator 33 to automatically adjust the opening and closing amplitude of the top film 1 and the surrounding insect-proof net 2. At the same time, the controller 32 dynamically adjusts the opening of the electric valve at the water inlet 422 connected to the machine well water source based on the temperature data of the root zone sensor, controls the flow of low-temperature cooling water, and realizes precise regulation of the root zone temperature. The control system 3 is also connected to an external weather forecast service and can take action in advance based on future sunshine and temperature forecasts, such as pre-starting cooling measures before the high temperature at noon. All environmental data and equipment status are uploaded to the farmer's mobile phone APP terminal through the communication module 34, supporting remote real-time monitoring and manual intervention, and ultimately forming a closed-loop intelligent temperature control system for the upper high-temperature area.

[0046] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the contents disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional temperature-controlled greenhouse, wherein a film (1) is provided on the top of the greenhouse and insect-proof nets (2) are provided around the greenhouse, characterized in that: The greenhouse comprises: a control system (3), wherein the control system (3) controls the opening and closing of the film (1) and the insect-proof net (2); a three-dimensional planting trough (4), wherein the three-dimensional planting trough (4) comprises a planting layer (41), a guide cavity (42) and a heat insulation layer (43), wherein the guide cavity (42) is provided with a plurality of guide plates (421) for enhancing heat exchange efficiency, and the guide cavity (42) is provided with a water inlet (422) and a water outlet (423); and the heat insulation layer (43) is filled with a heat insulation material.

2. The greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that The guide plate (421) is arranged on the bottom wall or the top wall of the guide cavity (42), the guide plate (421) is irregularly distributed in the guide cavity (42), the guide plate (421) is a spiral structure, and the height of the guide plate (421) along a first direction is lower than the height of the guide cavity (42) along the first direction.

3. The greenhouse according to claim 2, characterized in that The water inlet (422) is connected to a pumped well water source, and the water outlet (423) is connected to an irrigation reservoir.

4. The greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that The thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation layer (43) is a composite thermal insulation material of porous ceramic particles and aerogel.

5. The greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat-insulating layer (43) further comprises an aluminum foil moisture-proof layer (431), and the aluminum foil moisture-proof layer (431) is arranged between the heat-insulating layer (43) and the flow-guiding cavity (42).

6. The greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The control system (3) comprises an environmental sensor group (31), a controller (32) and an actuator (33); the environmental sensor group (31) is used to collect environmental parameters inside and outside the greenhouse and transmit them to the controller (32); the controller (32) generates control instructions based on the environmental parameters and preset rules to drive the actuator (33), and the actuator (33) controls the opening and closing of the film (1) and the insect-proof net (2).

7. The greenhouse according to claim 6, characterized in that The environmental sensor group (31) includes at least a temperature sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a humidity sensor; the preset rule includes: multiple sets of environmental thresholds are preset in the controller (32), and when the environmental parameter deviates from any of the environmental thresholds, the controller (32) generates a corresponding control instruction.

8. The greenhouse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The planting layer (41) is provided with the environmental sensor group (31), and the controller (32) controls the water inflow of the water inlet (422) according to data collected by the environmental sensor group (31).

9. The greenhouse according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller (32) is connected to external weather forecast data, and the controller (32) predicts future environmental parameters in the greenhouse based on the weather forecast data, and generates and executes control instructions for the film (1) and the insect-proof net (2) in advance.

10. The greenhouse according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control system (3) further comprises a communication module (34) and a user terminal (35); the controller (32) is connected to the user terminal (35) via the communication module (34), and is used for remotely transmitting the environmental parameters and device status information to the user terminal (35), and receiving manual control instructions or parameter setting instructions from the user terminal (35).

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