A soilless seedling cultivation device for landscaping plants

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of soilless cultivation technology for garden seedlings, specifically a soilless seedling cultivation device for garden greening plants. It includes a container, several support mechanisms distributed on the outside of the container, a loosening mechanism for loosening the substrate, a vibration mechanism for vibrating the substrate, and a driving mechanism. Through a combined loosening and lateral vibration mechanism, the device achieves layered treatment of substrate compaction. The loosening component is inserted into the substrate in a low-speed spiral manner to initially break the deep compaction structure. The vibration mechanism drives the loosening component to swing laterally, using non-Newtonian fluid effects to separate compacted particles around the roots and clean the compacted substrate near the roots. Through a gear switching mechanism and a lever-driven plate linkage structure, a single motor drives the three-stage actions of rotational downward movement, lateral vibration, and longitudinal impact, significantly simplifying the complexity of traditional multi-motor drive systems and making it suitable for large-scale garden greening seedling cultivation scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soilless cultivation of garden seedlings, specifically a soilless seedling cultivation device for garden greening plants. Background Technology

[0002] Soilless seedling cultivation for landscaping plants refers to a seedling cultivation technique that does not rely on natural soil. Instead, it uses artificially prepared nutrient solutions or inert substrates to provide plants with water, nutrients, and a root-fixing environment to meet the growth and development needs of seedlings. In landscaping, substrate-based soilless seedling cultivation is mainly suitable for plants with strong root support, those that cannot tolerate prolonged soaking, or those that require high aeration, such as roses, red photinia, and pansies. It has significant advantages, especially in areas with poor soil conditions, in space-constrained settings, and in the cultivation of rare varieties. It allows for precise control of the growth environment, improving survival rates and seedling efficiency.

[0003] Existing soilless seedling cultivation technologies typically include core structures such as seedling containers, plant anchoring components, nutrient solution circulation systems, and environmental control devices. These systems control the seedling environment through automation or semi-automation, improving seedling standardization and survival rates. However, the substrate is prone to compaction during use, especially under the influence of factors such as irrigation, evaporation, and root exudates. This leads to decreased substrate porosity, reduced aeration and water permeability, severely impacting seedling growth.

[0004] Currently, common methods for treating substrate compaction include ultrasonic breaking and drill rod breaking. Ultrasonic technology breaks up compaction through high-frequency vibration, but it can easily cause mechanical damage to seedling roots and may disrupt the stability of the substrate structure. It also suffers from high energy consumption, complex equipment, and is not suitable for large-scale application. In traditional drill rod cleaning methods, the drilling force on the upper and lower layers of the substrate is roughly the same. However, in reality, materials in the substrate undergo particle settling under gravity; for example, coarse particles such as vermiculite and perlite float, while fine particles such as organic matter sink, leading to a significant increase in bottom density. During irrigation, water carries particles downwards; during evaporation, capillary action at the bottom enriches salts / colloids; the taproot zone of seedlings absorbs water intensely, forming localized dry zones; root hairs secrete mucus, accelerating particle adhesion. Under the influence of these factors, compaction in the lower half (deeper layer) of the substrate is usually more severe. Traditional drill rod cleaning methods cannot target the upper and lower layers of the substrate for breaking up compaction without damaging the root system.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a soilless seedling raising device for garden greening plants. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a soilless seedling raising device for garden greening plants, comprising a container, wherein the container is filled with a substrate for cultivating seedlings;

[0008] Several support mechanisms are distributed on the outside of the container. Each support mechanism includes a bracket, a support is movably provided at the top of the bracket, and a lifting seat is slidably provided on the support.

[0009] A loosening mechanism for loosening a substrate, the loosening mechanism comprising: a loosening member movably mounted on a support, the bottom end of the loosening member being fixedly connected to a drill bit;

[0010] An oscillation mechanism for oscillating a substrate includes an oscillation gear rotatably mounted on the lifting seat, an ear seat movably mounted inside the support, the ear seat being sleeved on the outside of the loosening member, and the eccentric part of the oscillation gear being movably hinged to the ear seat via a connecting rod. After the oscillation gear rotates, it drives the loosening member to swing laterally via the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a guiding and positioning mechanism, the guiding and positioning mechanism comprising: a guide member fixed to the support, the loosening member passing through the inside of the guide member for radial guidance of the loosening member; a slider slidably disposed inside the guide member, the bottom end of the guide member having a step for limiting the slider; and a spherical joint disposed at the top end of the loosening member and ball-jointing with the slider, the top end of the loosening member having a conical slope for guidance.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a drive mechanism, which includes: a motor mounted on the support; a drive gear fixed to the output shaft of the motor; a rotating gear mounted on the lifting seat, the rotating gear being sleeved on the outside of the loosening member; a spline mounted on the side wall of the loosening member, the rotating gear being slidably connected to the loosening member through the spline; and a sleeve fixed to the support, the sleeve being sleeved on the outside of the loosening member, the sleeve being used to drive the drill rod to move vertically when rotating.

[0013] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes: a lever plate disposed on the drive gear, the lever plate being inclined; and two driven plates movably disposed on the lifting seat, the driven plates having a ratchet structure, the two driven plates rotating in opposite directions, and the lifting seat moving up and down through the cooperation of the lever plate and the driven plates during the forward and reverse rotation of the motor.

[0014] Preferably, the support mechanism further includes: a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod being inclined, and both ends of the telescopic rod being movably hinged to the bracket and the lifting seat respectively; and an extension spring for pushing the telescopic rod to unfold.

[0015] Preferably, the loosening member is provided with a first groove and a second groove. After the loosening member moves down, the first groove is located inside the sleeve and the second groove is located inside the rotating gear.

[0016] Preferably, the spline includes a wide side segment and a narrow side segment, with the narrow side segment located within the second groove. The wide side segment and the narrow side segment have a smooth transition. The inner wall of the rotating gear is provided with a through groove that mates with the wide side segment. After the loosening member moves down, a gap is left between the narrow side segment and the inner wall of the rotating gear for the loosening member to swing.

[0017] Preferably, the loosening mechanism further includes: a cavity disposed inside the loosening member; and a mass block slidably disposed within the cavity.

[0018] Preferably, both the mass block and the loosening member are made of non-magnetic materials. The loosening mechanism further includes: a magnetically conductive member fixed in the loosening member; a magnet one fixed to the top of the mass block, the mass block being attracted to the bottom of the magnetically conductive member by the magnet one; a magnet two fixed to the bottom of the lifting seat, the magnet two contacting the magnetically conductive member after the lifting seat moves down, the magnetically conductive member being magnetized by the magnet two and repelling the magnet one, thus pushing the mass block down; and an isolation block disposed inside the cavity, the isolation block blocking between the magnet one and the magnetically conductive member.

[0019] Preferably, the second magnet is detachably connected to the lifting seat, and the bottom of the second magnet is provided with a ramp. After the lifting seat moves down and the loose part swings, the magnetic conductor intermittently contacts the second magnet.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The soilless seedling raising device for landscaping plants described in this invention achieves layered treatment of substrate compaction through a combined mechanism of rotational loosening and lateral oscillation. The loosening component is inserted into the substrate in a low-speed spiral manner to initially break the deep compacted structure. The oscillation mechanism drives the loosening component to swing laterally, using non-Newtonian fluid effects to separate compacted particles around the roots and clean the compacted substrate near the roots. The drill bit adopts a composite structure of stainless steel core and silicone outer layer to avoid mechanical damage to the roots. At the same time, low-frequency oscillation reduces the risk of cell wall rupture, significantly improving the efficiency of compaction and the safety of seedlings.

[0022] 2. The soilless seedling cultivation device for landscaping plants described in this invention, by setting up a mass block targeted impact system, uses a tungsten-nickel-iron alloy mass block that slides inside the loosening component and works in conjunction with a magnetic control mechanism to intermittently release longitudinal impact energy during the oscillation phase; when the magnetic conductive component contacts the second magnet, it magnetizes and repels the first magnet, driving the mass block to impact the bottom of the cavity, and through the energy focusing effect, the vibration energy is directionally transmitted to the deep compacted area, solving the defect of traditional technology in not being able to handle the difference in the degree of compaction between the upper and lower layers of the substrate, achieving deep targeted breaking of compaction without the need for additional adjustment of the device power.

[0023] 3. The soilless seedling raising device for landscaping plants described in this invention achieves single-motor drive control of three-stage actions—rotational downward movement, lateral oscillation, and longitudinal impact—through a gear switching mechanism and a lever-driven plate linkage structure. The lifting seat automatically switches the power transmission path as it moves, and the telescopic rod and extension spring maintain structural stability. This significantly simplifies the complexity of traditional multi-motor drive systems, reduces equipment costs and maintenance difficulty, and is suitable for large-scale landscaping seedling raising scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a sectional view of the internal structure of the support;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the loosened part;

[0029] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the loose parts, sleeve, and guide positioning mechanism;

[0030] Figure 6 These are exploded diagrams of the lifting platform, telescopic rod, and magnet.

[0031] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of a motor, a rotating gear, and an oscillating gear;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a side view of the structure where the lever and driven plate work together;

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Container; 2. Support mechanism; 21. Bracket; 22. Support; 23. Lifting seat; 231. Reset plate; 24. Telescopic rod; 25. Extension spring; 3. Loosening mechanism; 31. Loosening component; 311. Drill bit; 312. First groove; 313. Second groove; 32. Cavity; 33. Mass block; 34. Magnetic conductor; 35. Magnet one; 36. Magnet two; 37. Isolation block; 4. Oscillating mechanism; 41. Oscillating gear; 42. Ear seat; 43. Connecting rod; 5. Guiding and positioning mechanism; 51. Guide component; 52. Slider; 53. Ball joint; 6. Drive mechanism; 61. Motor; 62. Driving gear; 63. Rotating gear; 64. Spline; 65. Sleeve; 66. Dial plate; 67. Driven plate. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-7 As shown in the figure, a soilless seedling raising device for landscaping plants according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0037] Container 1, which is filled with a substrate for cultivating seedlings;

[0038] Several support mechanisms 2 are distributed on the outside of the container 1. Each support mechanism 2 includes a bracket 21, a support 22 is movably provided at the top of the bracket 21, and a lifting seat 23 is slidably provided on the support 22.

[0039] A loosening mechanism 3 for loosening the substrate, the loosening mechanism 3 includes: a loosening member 31 movably mounted on the support 22, and a drill bit 311 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the loosening member 31;

[0040] The vibration mechanism 4 for vibrating the substrate includes a vibration gear 41 rotatably mounted on the lifting seat 23, an ear seat 42 movably mounted inside the support 22, the ear seat 42 being sleeved on the outside of the loosening member 31, and the eccentric part of the vibration gear 41 being movably hinged to the ear seat 42 through a connecting rod 43. After the vibration gear 41 rotates, it drives the loosening member 31 to swing laterally through the connecting rod 43.

[0041] Specifically, when using a substrate for soilless cultivation of landscaping plants such as roses, red photinia, and pansies, first, select a container of appropriate size 1 according to the specific type of landscaping plant and place it in a cultivation environment such as a seedling shed. Fill the container 1 with substrate, which can be a mixture of peat and perlite. Plant seedlings or seeds are then planted in the substrate. During the cultivation process, nutrient solution is added as needed. Depending on the situation, plant fixing components can also be used to fix the seedlings.

[0042] The support 21 is placed on the outside of the container 1. The support 22 can move up and down and horizontally relative to the support 21. Initially, the support 22 and the structure inside the support 22 are located on the outside of the container 1 to avoid hindering the growth of the plants inside the container 1. When the substrate becomes compacted and needs to be broken up and cleaned, the support 22 is moved to the inside of the container 1 so that the loosening part 31 is located above the substrate and in a vertical position. Then, the loosening part 31 is rotated and moved down.

[0043] After the loosening component 31 rotates and moves downward, the drill bit 311 is inserted into the substrate to initially loosen and disperse the substrate, thereby eliminating the problem of compaction. The rotational insertion method can destroy the deep compacted structure and loosen the upper substrate, reducing the resistance during subsequent vibration. The initial loosening range is limited to 5cm outside the plant stem to avoid touching the plant roots. Since the growth of plant roots is not completely controllable, there may be some plant roots that are too long and extend below the loosening component 31. The drill bit 311 is made of stainless steel core and silicone outer layer with a silicone thickness of 2mm to avoid damage to the roots if the drill bit 311 comes into hard contact with the plant roots.

[0044] After the loosening part 31 moves down to the bottom, the oscillating gear 41 is started to rotate. The oscillating gear 41 drives the ear seat 42 to swing laterally through the connecting rod 43. The ear seat 42 drives the loosening part 31 to swing, which oscillates the surrounding substrate. The parameters of the small-amplitude oscillation are preferably, but not limited to, a frequency of 2-5Hz and an amplitude of 10-30mm. The vibration wave is transmitted through the substrate, and the non-Newtonian fluid effect is used to separate the compacted particles, thereby achieving secondary loosening of the compacted substrate near the root system.

[0045] As another implementation, the support 21 and the support 22 can be evenly distributed in a ring on the outside of the container 1, or a ring support 21 can be set on the outside of the container 1, and several supports 22 can be evenly distributed in a ring on the support 21.

[0046] As another implementation method, when started, the loosening member 31 is inserted into the substrate in a low-speed spiral manner, and can move the support 21 or the base 22 around the container 1, so that the loosening member 31 moves in a ring within the substrate, forming a ring loosening zone and expanding the range of the broken and compacted substrate.

[0047] With this setup, the device of this application solves the problem of substrate compaction during operation and also has a root protection mechanism: maintaining a safe distance can avoid direct mechanical damage, and low-frequency oscillation is less likely to cause root cell wall rupture than high-frequency vibration.

[0048] It should be noted that the movement of the support 22 can be controlled by manual operation or electric push rod; a spiral groove can be set on the outside of the drill bit 311 to make it easier for the drill bit 311 to drill into the compacted matrix; by restricting the movement range of the ear seat 42 in the lifting seat 23 in different ways, the ear seat 42 can swing in different ways, so that the final lateral swing of the loosening part 31 can be a left-right reciprocating swing or a circumferential swing.

[0049] like Figure 3-5 As shown, it also includes a guide and positioning mechanism 5, which comprises:

[0050] A guide member 51 is fixed to the support 22, and the loosening member 31 passes through the inside of the guide member 51 to provide radial guidance for the loosening member 31;

[0051] A slider 52 is slidably disposed inside the guide member 51, and the bottom end of the guide member 51 is provided with a step to limit the slider 52.

[0052] A spherical joint 53 is provided at the top of the loosening member 31 to ball-joint with the slider 52, and the top of the loosening member 31 is provided with a tapered slope for guidance.

[0053] Specifically, the guide member 51 can adopt a bearing structure, or a roller can be set on the inner wall of the guide member 51 to reduce friction with the loosening member 31. The guide member 51 is located above the loosening member 31, which is in the shape of a round rod. The guide member 51 has a circular groove inside that corresponds to the loosening member 31. The slider 52 can move up and down inside the guide member 51 without falling off. The slider 52 is always connected to the ball joint 53. Initially, the loosening member 31 is located at the upper end inside the guide member 51. When the substrate is initially loosened, the loosening member 31 rotates and moves down inside the guide member 51. When the slider 52 moves to the lowest end inside the guide member 51, the loosening member 31 also moves down to the lowest end. At this time, the loosening member 31 is vibrated. During the vibration, the top of the loosening member 31 is suspended inside the slider 52 through the ball joint 53 to prevent the loosening member 31 from falling off and from excessive amplitude, thereby improving the stability of the vibration operation.

[0054] like Figure 2-7 As shown, it also includes a drive mechanism 6, which includes:

[0055] The motor 61 is mounted on the support 22;

[0056] A drive gear 62 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 61;

[0057] Rotate the rotating gear 63 mounted on the lifting seat 23, the rotating gear 63 being sleeved on the outside of the loosening member 31;

[0058] A spline 64 is provided on the side wall of the loosening member 31, and the rotating gear 63 is slidably connected to the loosening member 31 through the spline 64;

[0059] A sleeve 65 is fixed to the support 22. The sleeve 65 is sleeved on the outside of the loose member 31. The sleeve 65 is used to drive the drill rod to move vertically when rotating.

[0060] Specifically, the height of the rotating gear 63 remains unchanged, and a through spline groove 64 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating gear 63 to allow the loosening part 31 to slide axially. The outer side of the loosening part 31 is provided with external threads, and the inner wall of the sleeve 65 is machined with internal threads that match the loosening part 31. It should be noted that other structures that can allow the loosening part 31 to move up and down during reciprocating rotation are also applicable to the manufacture of the sleeve 65. The rotating gear 63 is located below the oscillating gear 41. After the lifting seat 23 moves up and down, one of the rotating gear 63 and the oscillating gear 41 meshes with the driving gear 62.

[0061] Initially, the lifting seat 23 is located at the top of its movement range, and the drive gear 62 is in contact with the rotating gear 63. When cleaning the substrate compaction, the starting motor 61 drives the drive gear 62 to rotate, and the drive gear 62 drives the rotating gear 63 to rotate. The loosening part 31 moves down during the rotation, thereby inserting into the substrate.

[0062] During the vibration cleaning process, the lifting seat 23 is moved downwards, causing the rotating gear 63 to separate from the driving gear 62 and the vibrating gear 41 to contact the driving gear 62. At this time, the motor 61 drives the vibrating gear 41 to rotate through the driving gear 62, which in turn causes the loosening member 31 to swing, thus vibrating the substrate. This achieves the function of switching between rotational insertion and vibration by moving the position of the lifting seat 23.

[0063] As another implementation method, by selecting and setting the transmission ratio of the rotating gear 63, the oscillating gear 41 and the driving gear 62, it is possible to achieve that after the motor 61 rotates at a constant speed, the rotating gear 63 rotates at a low speed when it contacts the driving gear 62, so that the loosening part 31 is screwed into the matrix at a low speed, and the oscillating gear 41 rotates quickly when it contacts the driving gear 62, thereby increasing the oscillation frequency and force of the loosening part 31 on the matrix.

[0064] like Figure 2-8 As shown, the drive mechanism 6 further includes:

[0065] A ramp 66 is provided on the drive gear 62;

[0066] Two driven plates 67 are movably mounted on the lifting seat 23. The driven plates 67 have a ratchet structure and rotate in opposite directions. During the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 61, the lifting seat 23 is driven to move up and down through the cooperation of the lever plate 66 and the driven plates 67.

[0067] Specifically, there is sufficient space between the two driven plates 67, so that one driven plate 67 will not touch the other driven plate 67 after rotating. One of the driven plates 67 has a notch that mates with the driven plate 67. During the forward rotation of the drive gear 62, the lever 66 drives the lifting seat 23 to move downward through its interaction with one of the driven plates 67. During the reverse rotation of the drive gear 62, the lever 66 drives the lifting seat 23 to move upward through its interaction with the other driven plate 67.

[0068] like Figure 6-8 As shown, the support mechanism 2 further includes:

[0069] Telescopic rod 24, the telescopic rod 24 is inclined, and the two ends of the telescopic rod 24 are respectively hinged to the bracket 21 and the lifting seat 23;

[0070] Extension spring 25 used to push the telescopic rod 24 to unfold.

[0071] Specifically, in Figure 6 Initially, when the lifting seat 23 is in the upper position, the telescopic rod 24 is tilted with the left side lower than the right; after the lifting seat 23 moves down, the telescopic rod 24 is tilted with the left side higher than the right. The telescopic rod 24 remains extended under the push of the extension spring 25, ensuring that the lifting seat 23 remains stable after moving up or down. This improves the stability when the rotating gear 63 or the oscillating gear 41 contacts the driving gear 62.

[0072] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the loosening member 31 is provided with a first groove 312 and a second groove 313. After the loosening member 31 moves down, the first groove 312 is located inside the sleeve 65, and the second groove 313 is located inside the rotating gear 63.

[0073] Specifically, initially, the first groove 312 is located above the sleeve 65, and the second groove 313 is located above the rotating gear 63. The main rod of the loosening member 31 is in contact with the sleeve 65 and the rotating gear 63, ensuring that the loosening member 31 can rotate and move downward stably. When the substrate is cleaned by vibration, the loosening member 31 moves downward. At this time, the first groove 312 is located inside the sleeve 65, and the second groove 313 is located inside the rotating gear 63. A gap appears between the loosening member 31 and the sleeve 65 and the rotating gear 63, leaving space for the loosening member 31 in the horizontal direction so that the loosening member 31 can perform vibration.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, the spline 64 includes a wide side section and a narrow side section, and the narrow side section is located in the second groove 313. The wide side section and the narrow side section are smoothly transitioned. The inner wall of the rotating gear 63 is provided with a through groove that mates with the wide side section. After the loosening member 31 moves down, a gap is left between the narrow side section and the inner wall of the rotating gear 63 for the loosening member 31 to swing.

[0075] Specifically, the width of the narrow side segment is less than the width of the wide side segment. Depending on the requirements, the thickness of the narrow side segment can also be designed to be less than the thickness of the wide side segment. A transition slope is provided between the narrow side segment and the wide side segment so that after the loose part 31 moves up, the wide side segment can be smoothly inserted into the through groove.

[0076] Initially, the wide side section engages with the through groove of the rotating gear 63, constraining the loose part 31 to move only up and down, ensuring that the rotating gear 63 drives the loose part 31 to rotate and move down stably; during vibration cleaning, after the loose part 31 moves down, the narrow side section moves down to align with the through groove of the rotating gear 63, leaving a gap between the second groove 313 and the inner wall of the narrow side section and the rotating gear 63.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] like Figure 3-5 As shown in Example 1, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0079] The loosening mechanism 3 also includes:

[0080] A cavity 32 is provided inside the loosening member 31;

[0081] Mass block 33 is slidably disposed within the cavity 32.

[0082] In soilless seedling cultivation, the compaction of deeper layers of the substrate is usually more severe. Because the degree of compaction differs between the upper and lower layers, different levels of breaking up the compaction are required. Traditional methods do not differentiate between upper and lower layers using breaking or vibrating devices; the breaking force is roughly the same for both. Using excessively high breaking force leads to waste, while using too low a force can result in incomplete removal of deeper compaction. This issue needs to be addressed.

[0083] Specifically, depending on actual needs, a buffer pad can be set on the bottom wall of the cavity 32. The mass block 33 can move up and down inside the cavity 32 to form a built-in impact generator. After the mass block 33 slides to the bottom inside the loosening member 31, according to the energy focusing effect, the center of gravity moves down and the vibration energy is concentrated in the depth. The mass block 33 hits the buffer pad, and the shock wave is transmitted to the matrix below the loosening member 31. By setting the mass block 33 inside the loosening member 31, the energy transmission in the depth is enhanced, and the vibration energy is concentrated in the depth, so as to achieve targeted breaking of the deep compacted matrix.

[0084] During use, the device of this application can target and break up the deep matrix with greater force when the degree of compaction is inconsistent between the upper and lower parts of the matrix. There is no need to adjust the power of the overall device. It not only has a better breaking effect, but is also more convenient to use.

[0085] like Figure 3-5 As shown, both the mass block 33 and the loosening member 31 are made of non-magnetic materials, and the loosening mechanism 3 further includes:

[0086] The magnetic conductive element 34 is fixed in the loosening element 31;

[0087] A magnet 35 is fixed to the top of the mass block 33, and the mass block 33 is attracted to the bottom of the magnetic conductor 34 by the magnet 35.

[0088] The second magnet 36 is fixed to the bottom of the lifting seat 23. After the lifting seat 23 moves down, the second magnet 36 comes into contact with the magnetic conductor 34. After the magnetic conductor 34 is magnetized by the second magnet 36, it repels the first magnet 35, pushing the mass block 33 to move down.

[0089] An isolation block 37 is provided inside the cavity 32, which blocks the magnet 35 and the magnetic conductor 34.

[0090] Specifically, to improve the longitudinal impact effect, the mass block 33 is made of a material with a higher density than the magnet. For example, the mass block 33 is preferably a tungsten-nickel-iron alloy. The density of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy is close to that of pure tungsten, but its toughness is significantly improved. The strength, plasticity, and machinability can be optimized by adjusting the nickel-iron ratio. It is impact-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and suitable for vibration environments. Of course, for convenience, the mass block 33 and the magnet 35 can also be set as an integral magnetic structure.

[0091] Magnet 35 does not directly contact the magnetic conductor 34. By designing the thickness of the isolation block 37, the magnetization effect of magnet 35 on the magnetic conductor 34 is reduced while ensuring that the mass block 33 is attracted below the magnetic conductor 34. This ensures that magnet 36 can successfully magnetize the magnetic conductor 34 after contacting it. During the oscillation phase, when the loosening member 31 swings laterally, the magnetic conductor 34 is magnetized after contacting magnet 36. After being magnetized, the magnetic conductor 34 and the side opposite magnet 35 have the same magnetism, thus repelling each other and pushing the mass block 33 downward.

[0092] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the second magnet 36 is detachably connected to the lifting seat 23. The bottom of the second magnet 36 is provided with a slope. After the lifting seat 23 moves down and the loosening part 31 swings, the magnetic conductor 34 intermittently contacts the second magnet 36.

[0093] Specifically, since the lifting seat 23 can only move up and down and not sideways, during the continuous sideways swing of the loosening part 31, the magnetic guide 34 intermittently contacts the second magnet 36, and the magnetic guide 34 is intermittently magnetized. Under the action of the first magnet 35, it drives the mass block 33 to move up and down reciprocally, thereby achieving continuous targeted breaking of deep caking matrix and improving the breaking effect.

[0094] As another implementation, a reset plate 231 can be provided at the bottom of the lifting seat 23. Both the reset plate 231 and the second magnet 36 have ramps at their bottoms for pushing the second magnet 36 back to its original position. After the lifting seat 23 moves down, the reset plate 231 and the second magnet 36 are located on opposite sides of the magnetic conductor 34, with the distance between them greater than the outer diameter of the magnetic conductor 34. During vibration, the loosened part 31 swings laterally. After the sludge removal is completed, the position of the loosened part 31 may not be directly below the lifting seat 23, but may be slightly to the left or right. To ensure that the second magnet 36 can smoothly move down to contact the magnetic conductor 34 after the lifting seat 23 moves down during the next operation, a reset plate 231 and the second magnet 36 with ramps at their bottoms are provided. The ramps act as guides, allowing for the adjustment of the position of the magnetic conductor 34 if its lateral position deviates.

[0095] Working principle: When using a substrate for soilless cultivation of landscaping plants, first select a container of appropriate size 1 according to the specific type of landscaping plant and place it in a cultivation environment such as a seedling shed. Fill the container 1 with substrate, which can be a mixture of peat and perlite. Plant seedlings or seeds are planted in the substrate. During the cultivation process, nutrient solution is added as needed.

[0096] Initially, the drive gear 62 is in contact with the rotating gear 63, and the loosening member 31 is located at the top of its movement range. During the cultivation process, when substrate compaction occurs and needs to be broken up, the support 22 is moved into the interior of the container 1, so that the loosening member 31 is located above the substrate and in a vertical position. Then, the motor 61 is started to rotate forward, and the direction of rotation is as follows: Figure 8 As indicated by the arrow in the image, the drive gear 62 on the motor 61 drives the rotating gear 63 to rotate at a low speed. With the cooperation of the sleeve 65, the loosening part 31 rotates and moves downward, thereby rotating and inserting into the matrix to initially break up the matrix.

[0097] During the forward rotation of the drive gear 62, Figure 8 In the middle, the lever 66 cooperates with the driven plate 67 with a notch on the right side to push the lifting seat 23 down. It should be noted that in order to extend the downward stroke of the loosening part 31, a speed regulating gear can be set between the driving gear 62 and the rotating gear 63. The lever 66 is installed on the speed regulating gear. After the driving gear 62 rotates multiple times, the loosening part 31 moves down a deeper distance, and then the lever 66 contacts the driven plate 67 on the right side and drives the lifting seat 23 down.

[0098] After the lifting seat 23 moves down, the rotating gear 63 and the vibrating gear move down synchronously, causing the rotating gear 63 to separate from the driving gear 62 and the vibrating gear 41 to contact the driving gear 62. At this time, the motor 61 drives the vibrating gear 41 to rotate through the driving gear 62, which in turn drives the loosening part 31 to swing, vibrating the substrate and breaking up the deep compacted substrate. Furthermore, the vibration can propagate laterally, achieving secondary loosening of the compacted substrate near the root system.

[0099] During the oscillation phase, as the loosening component 31 swings continuously laterally, the magnetic conductive component 34 intermittently contacts the magnet 36, and the magnetic conductive component 34 is intermittently magnetized. Under the action of the magnet 35, it drives the mass block 33 to move up and down reciprocally, thereby achieving continuous targeted breaking of the deep-layer hardened matrix and further improving the breaking effect.

[0100] After the compacted matrix breaking process is completed, the motor 61 is started and reversed. During the reversal of the motor 61, the lever 66 cooperates with the driven plate 67 on the left to push the lifting seat 23 upward and reset. After the lifting seat 23 moves upward, the oscillating gear 41 separates from the driving gear 62 and the rotating gear 63 contacts the driving gear 62. The rotating gear 63 rotates and drives the loosening part 31 to rotate and move upward until it returns to the initial state. In this way, during the use of this device, by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 61, the initial breaking of the compacted matrix by the rotational insertion of the loosening part 31, the secondary breaking of the matrix by the lateral oscillation of the loosening part 31, and the deep targeted breaking of the matrix by the longitudinal movement of the mass block 33 can be achieved. At the same time, it can automatically reset, realizing targeted breaking of the upper and lower layers of the matrix and improving the breaking effect. Moreover, only one motor 61 needs to be controlled to complete the above work. Compared with the traditional method of setting up multiple sets of electrical drive systems, the structure is greatly simplified and the use and maintenance are more convenient.

[0101] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soilless seedling cultivation device for landscaping plants, comprising a container (1) filled with a substrate for seedling cultivation, characterized in that: Also includes: Several support mechanisms (2) distributed on the outside of the container (1) include: a bracket (21), a support (22) movably provided at the top of the bracket (21), and a lifting seat (23) slidably provided on the support (22); a telescopic rod (24), the telescopic rod (24) being inclined, and the two ends of the telescopic rod (24) being movably hinged to the bracket (21) and the lifting seat (23) respectively; and a stretching spring (25) for pushing the telescopic rod (24) to unfold. A loosening mechanism (3) for loosening the substrate, the loosening mechanism (3) comprising: a loosening member (31) movably disposed on a support (22), the bottom end of the loosening member (31) being fixedly connected to a drill bit (311); a cavity (32) disposed inside the loosening member (31); and a mass block (33) slidably disposed within the cavity (32). An oscillation mechanism (4) for oscillating the substrate includes: an oscillation gear (41) rotatably mounted on the lifting seat (23); an ear seat (42) movably mounted inside the support (22); the ear seat (42) is sleeved on the outside of the loose member (31); the eccentric part of the oscillation gear (41) is movably hinged to the ear seat (42) through a connecting rod (43); after the oscillation gear (41) rotates, it drives the loose member (31) to swing laterally through the connecting rod (43); It also includes a guide positioning mechanism (5), which includes: a guide member (51) fixed to the support (22), the loosening member (31) passing through the inside of the guide member (51) for radial guidance of the loosening member (31); a slider (52) slidably disposed inside the guide member (51), the bottom end of the guide member (51) being provided with a step for limiting the slider (52); and a spherical joint (53) disposed at the top end of the loosening member (31) and ball-jointing with the slider (52), the top end of the loosening member (31) being provided with a conical slope for guidance; It also includes a drive mechanism (6), which comprises: a motor (61) mounted on the support (22); a drive gear (62) fixed to the output shaft of the motor (61); a rotating gear (63) mounted on the lifting seat (23), the rotating gear (63) being sleeved on the outside of the loose member (31); a spline (64) mounted on the side wall of the loose member (31), the rotating gear (63) being slidably connected to the loose member (31) through the spline (64); and a sleeve (64) fixed to the support (22). 5) The sleeve (65) is fitted on the outside of the loose part (31). The sleeve (65) is used to move vertically when the drill rod is rotated. The lever (66) is provided on the drive gear (62). The lever (66) is in the shape of a slope. Two driven plates (67) are movably provided on the lifting seat (23). The driven plates (67) are pawl structures. The two driven plates (67) rotate in opposite directions. During the forward and reverse rotation of the motor (61), the lifting seat (23) is driven to move up and down through the cooperation of the lever (66) and the driven plates (67). The loosening member (31) is provided with a first groove (312) and a second groove (313). After the loosening member (31) moves down, the first groove (312) is located inside the sleeve (65), and the second groove (313) is located inside the rotating gear (63). The spline (64) includes a wide side section and a narrow side section, and the narrow side section is located in the second groove (313). The wide side section and the narrow side section are smoothly transitioned. The inner wall of the rotating gear (63) is provided with a through groove that cooperates with the wide side section. After the loosening member (31) moves down, a gap is left between the narrow side section and the inner wall of the rotating gear (63) for the loosening member (31) to swing.

2. The soilless seedling raising device for landscaping plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the mass block (33) and the loosening member (31) are made of non-magnetic materials, and the loosening mechanism (3) further includes: The magnetic conductor (34) is fixed in the loosening member (31); A magnet (35) is fixed to the top of the mass block (33), and the mass block (33) is attracted to the bottom of the magnetic conductor (34) by the magnet (35); The second magnet (36) is fixed to the bottom of the lifting seat (23). After the lifting seat (23) moves down, the second magnet (36) comes into contact with the magnetic conductor (34). After the magnetic conductor (34) is magnetized by the second magnet (36), it repels the first magnet (35) and pushes the mass block (33) down. An isolation block (37) is provided inside the cavity (32), which blocks the magnet (35) and the magnetic conductor (34).

3. The soilless seedling raising device for landscaping plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second magnet (36) is detachably connected to the lifting seat (23). The bottom of the second magnet (36) is provided with a ramp. After the lifting seat (23) moves down and the loose part (31) swings, the magnetic conductor (34) intermittently contacts the second magnet (36).

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