Camellia oleifera fruit grading, rubbing and hull breaking machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a camellia oleifera fruit grading rubbing shell breaking machine which comprises a shell, a base is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a center supporting frame is arranged in the center of the base, and a material shifting device, a partitioning device and a rubbing device which are located on the same axis and a driving system used for driving the material shifting device and the rubbing device to rotate are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom. The device is simple in structure, capable of rubbing fruits according to different diameters in a grading mode, high in shell and seed separation efficiency, low in seed crushing rate and seed damage rate, not prone to material blocking, small in equipment size and high in operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a fruit shelling machine, in particular to a camellia fruit grading and kneading shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera, a key economic crop unique to my country, has a unique fruit structure consisting of oil-rich seeds and oil-free husks, requiring effective separation during processing. Since the husks are oil-free, mixing them with the seeds can severely impact the quality of the tea oil. Therefore, precise hulling is a critical step in tea oil production.

[0003] Camellia oleifera fruits are characterized by significant seasonality, with October and November being the peak harvest period. If the fresh fruits are not shelled promptly after harvest, they are prone to mold and rot, causing serious economic losses. Current mainstream mechanical shelling technologies have significant drawbacks: 1) high rates of seed breakage and damage during the shelling process, and 2) frequent blockages that lead to production interruptions. 3) Fruit sizes vary widely. During the crushing process, the pressure exerted on the surface of the camellia oleifera fruits by a fixed-gap extrusion device causes cracks and ruptures. This pressure is difficult to control, resulting in excessive pressure and damage to the seeds. For some unusually shaped fruits, the processing effect is poor due to limitations in the crushing method. While traditional blasting shelling technology can achieve shell-seed separation, it suffers from high energy consumption and low efficiency, significantly increasing production costs and severely restricting the large-scale development of the camellia oleifera industry.

[0004] CN 109497570 A discloses an oil palm shell crusher and separator, which primarily includes a feeding device, a shell-breaking device, a shell-kernel separation device, a drive system, and a frame. The shell-breaking device consists of a convex roller, a kneading plate, a roller frame, and a spacing bolt. Adjusting the tension of the bolt adjusts the gap between the kneading plate and the convex roller to accommodate oil palm shells of varying sizes. The shell-kernel separation device primarily comprises upper and lower rollers, a roller support, and a separation belt. It primarily utilizes the difference in friction between the oil palm kernels and the crushed shells to separate them. The roller support is primarily used to adjust the angle of the separation belt, thereby adjusting the friction. This solution primarily aims to break the shells, not the kernels. The gap between the shells and the kernels can be freely adjusted according to the size of the shells. However, each adjustment only maintains a single gap. In actual operation, when the diameters of the fruits vary significantly, poor adaptability still exists.

[0005] CN114424829A discloses a new type of rubbing oil-tea camellia fruit hull breaking machine, which comprises a rack (1), a conveying belt unit comprising a conveying belt (4), and a rubbing unit comprising a rubbing plate (11) located above the conveying belt (4), the rubbing plate (11) can move longitudinally and transversely in a plane parallel to the conveying belt (4) to generate extrusion effect and shear effect on the oil-tea camellia fruit between the rubbing plate (11) and the conveying belt (4), and the movement track of any point on the rubbing plate (11) is a circle. Although the fruit is broken and scattered by using the rubbing effect, the gap between the rubbing plate and the conveying belt is still relatively fixed during the rubbing process, and the rubbing effect is limited, so there may still be a small amount of fruit shells that do not break during the rubbing process, and the shell-seed separation efficiency needs to be further improved. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and provide an oil-tea camellia fruit grading rubbing hull breaking machine with simple structure, which can rub and grade fruits according to different diameters, has high shell-seed separation efficiency, low broken seed rate and damaged seed rate, is not easy to block, has small equipment volume and high operation efficiency.

[0007] The technical scheme comprises a shell, a base is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a center support frame is arranged at the center of the base, a poking device, a zoning device and a rubbing device are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom on the same axis, and a driving system is arranged for driving the poking device and the rubbing device to rotate; The poking device comprises a poking disc driven by the driving system, a plurality of material passing gaps are arranged on the poking disc, and a plurality of poking plates are arranged in the radial direction; The zoning device comprises a zoning track disc fixedly installed on the shell, the zoning track disc is centered on a circle center and is divided into a plurality of track regions along different radius directions, each track region has a plurality of tracks, and a material falling gap is arranged between adjacent tracks; a corresponding and independent material falling slide is arranged below each track region, and a rubbing curved wall is arranged below the material falling slide; an opening on the rubbing curved wall is in communication with a discharging port of the material falling slide; along the rotation direction of the poking disc, the material falling gaps of the plurality of track regions gradually increase in stages; The rubbing device comprises a rubbing disc driven by the driving system and located below the plurality of rubbing curved walls; along the rotation direction of the rubbing disc, the rubbing gap between the rubbing curved wall corresponding to each track region and the rubbing disc gradually decreases, the rubbing gaps between the rubbing curved walls of the plurality of track regions and the rubbing disc gradually increase in stages; and a discharging port is arranged on the shell corresponding to the minimum of the rubbing gap of each track region.

[0008] Preferably, the first track area has a smaller material dropping gap than the minimum fruit diameter of the suitable tea fruit for rubbing, and the last track area has a full opening material dropping gap; and the first track area and the last track area share a common material discharging chute connected to the material discharging port.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the shell is provided with a feeding hopper, and the feeding port of the feeding hopper corresponds to the first track area on the partitioned track disc.

[0010] Preferably, the material pushing plate is a straight plate and / or an inclined plate.

[0011] Preferably, the rubbing disc has a center-high and periphery-low umbrella structure, and the rubbing curved wall also correspondingly inclines downward from inside to outside.

[0012] Preferably, the track is an arc-shaped track with the center of the partitioned track disc as the center.

[0013] Preferably, the opening of the rubbing curved wall corresponds to the side of the rubbing gap between the rubbing curved wall and the rubbing disc with a larger opening.

[0014] Preferably, the maximum rubbing gap of the rubbing curved wall corresponding to each track area is greater than or equal to the material dropping gap of the track area, and the minimum rubbing gap is greater than or equal to the seed diameter of the tea fruit falling into the track area.

[0015] Preferably, the surface of the rubbing disc is covered with an elastic layer, and the elastic layer is uniformly provided with spiral ribs.

[0016] Preferably, the rubbing disc is spliced by a plurality of fan-shaped blades, and the rubbing device further comprises a rubbing disc elastic support assembly, which comprises a fan-shaped disc uniformly installed on the bottom surface of each fan-shaped blade, and the fan-shaped disc is connected with a support ring at the center of the bottom surface of the rubbing disc through a pneumatic spring support rod.

[0017] Preferably, the driving system comprises a first motor and a second motor installed on the center support frame, the first motor is fixed on the lower segment of the center support frame and connected with the rubbing device through a first transmission assembly for driving the rubbing device to rotate, and the second motor is fixed on the upper segment of the center support frame and connected with the material pushing device through a second transmission assembly for driving the material pushing device to rotate.

[0018] The present application makes the following improvements in view of the problems in the background art. (1) Design a material-dividing device and a partitioning device to realize automatic classification of materials according to their diameters. In the partitioning device, a plurality of different track areas are provided on the partitioning track disk. Along the rotation direction of the material-dividing disk, the blanking gaps of the plurality of track areas are gradually increased. In this way, when the material falls on the partitioning track disk, as the material-dividing disk rotates, the material moves on the partitioning track disk. Finally, according to the different diameters of the materials, the materials are classified from small to large and fall into their own independent blanking chutes through the blanking gaps of the corresponding track areas, thus realizing the automatic classification of the materials ingeniously. In the present invention, for the extremely large materials that are expected to be picked out and discarded, In the case of small and very large fruits, the blanking gap of the first track area is designed to be slightly smaller than the minimum fruit diameter of the oil-tea fruit suitable for rubbing, so as to separate the extremely small fruits that are not suitable for rubbing and are discarded. At the same time, the blanking gap of the last track area is designed to be fully open, that is, no track is set, which is used to collect the extremely large fruits that are not suitable for rubbing and are discarded. Then, the two track areas will share a common external discharge chute connected to the external discharge port. The blanking chute is cleverly used to collect the extremely large fruits and extremely small fruits and discharge them from the equipment through the external discharge port, so as to realize the automatic separation of discarded fruits; the proportion of tracks in each area.

[0019] (2) A kneading plate is designed to match the kneading curved wall. The kneading gap between the kneading curved wall and the kneading plate gradually decreases. When the kneading plate rotates, it will knead the oil tea fruit entering the kneading gap. In addition, in the same kneading curved wall, as the kneading plate rotates, the force acting on the oil tea fruit will gradually increase. This progressive kneading method can greatly improve the efficiency of shell-seed separation. At the same time, the partitioned track plate classifies the oil tea fruit according to the particle size. Therefore, the particle size of the oil tea fruit falling from the same drop chute into the kneading gap under the same kneading curved wall is relatively uniform and It is controllable, and thus the appropriate kneading curved wall and kneading gap change can be designed according to the diameter range of the oil tea fruits collected in different track areas, so as to achieve the purpose of effective kneading, efficient crushing, low seed crushing rate and seed damage rate; further, the kneading disk is an umbrella-shaped structure with a high center and low surroundings, and the kneading curved wall is also inclined downward from the inside to the outside, which is beneficial to material distribution, increases the kneading stroke and improves the discharge efficiency, and reduces the risk of blockage. When the oil tea fruit falls into the kneading gap, it can gradually slide toward the periphery and backward along the inclined surface, and after being kneaded and crushed, it is finally discharged from the outlet at the minimum kneading gap under the action of force.

[0020] (3) In order to improve the crushing effect and reduce the seed crushing rate and seed damage rate, on the one hand, the surface of the kneading disk is covered with an elastic layer to provide a flexible squeezing force, and spiral ribs are set on the elastic layer to stir the material, increase the material kneading stroke and move the material, and reduce blockage; on the other hand, a kneading disk elastic support component with an umbrella-like structure is set, and the kneading disk is designed as a splicing structure of fan-shaped leaves. The excessive force on each fan-shaped leaf can be transmitted to the kneading disk elastic support component for absorption, realizing elastic kneading, which not only ensures sufficient kneading force but also avoids the problems of seed crushing and seed damage caused by rigid kneading.

[0021] (4) As a driving system for driving the material-dispensing plate and the kneading plate to rotate, a common motor can be used, or two motors can be used separately. It is preferred to use two motors arranged upper and lower to drive the material-dispensing plate and the kneading plate respectively through their respective transmission components. In this way, the rotation speeds of each can be flexibly controlled to meet the needs of material-dispensing and kneading.

[0022] The invention has a simple and compact structure, can grade and knead fruits according to different diameters, and discharge extremely large and extremely small fruits, has good kneading effect, high efficiency in shell-seed separation, low rates of broken and damaged seeds, is not prone to material blockage, has a small equipment volume, and high operating efficiency, can realize continuous and automated production, and is not only suitable for oil-tea tea fruits, but also for other fruits that require shell-seed separation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the general assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the material diverting device.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the partition device.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the kneading device.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the elastic support assembly of the kneading plate.

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the state of the kneading plate and the kneading curved wall.

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the drive system.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external slide.

[0031] Wherein, 1-base, 2-zoning device, 3-feeding hopper, 4-kneading device, 5-stirring device, 6-driving system, 7-outer discharge port, 8-discharge port, 9-housing, 10-central support frame, 11-camellia fruit; 201-support, 202-outer discharge chute, 203-zoning vertical plate, 204-arc-shaped track, 205-E zone track area, 206-D zone track area, 207-C zone track area, 208-B zone track area, 209-A zone track area, 210-feeding chute, 211-kneading curved wall, 212-opening, 213-discharge port, 214-feeding gap, 215-zoning track disc; 301-feeding port; 401-fan-shaped disc, 402-support ring, 403-pneumatic spring support rod, 404-kneading disc, 405-spiral rib, 406-elastic layer, 407-kneading gap, 408-fan-shaped blade; 501-stirring disc, 502-straight plate, 503-inclined plate, 504-feeding gap; 601-first motor, 602-second motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended for illustration and explanation of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The feeding port of the feeding hopper corresponds to the first track area on the zoning track disc.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 , the housing 9 is provided with a feeding hopper 3 at the top and a base 1 at the bottom, the base 1 is provided with a central support frame 10 at the center, the housing 9 is sequentially provided with a stirring device 5, a zoning device 2 and a kneading device 4 on the same axis from top to bottom, and a driving system 6 for driving the stirring device 5 and the kneading device 4 to rotate; Wherein, referring to Figure 2 , the stirring device 5 includes a stirring disc 501 which can be driven to rotate downward by the driving system 6, the stirring disc 501 is provided with a plurality of feeding gaps 504 and a plurality of stirring plates are arranged in the radial direction, the stirring plates can be straight plates 503 or inclined plates 503, or both, and the cooperation of the two can uniformly apply force from different directions when the stirring disc 501 rotates, so that the materials are uniformly distributed and moved on the zoning track disc 215 and fall into the corresponding feeding chute, realizing grading and screening.

[0034] Referring to Figure 3The partitioning device 2 includes a partition track disk 215 fixed to the shell 9 via a bracket 201. The partition track disk 215 is centered on the center of the circle and is divided into multiple track areas along different radial directions. Each track area has multiple tracks. In this embodiment, the track is an arc track 204 with the center of the partition track disk as the center of the circle. There is a blanking gap 214 between adjacent arc tracks 204. Since the partition track disk 215 and the tapping disk 501 have the same center of the circle, the use of the tapping disk 501 that rotates in conjunction with the arc track 204 is conducive to better sliding and distribution of materials on the track, reducing the possibility of accumulation and blockage. A corresponding and independent blanking chute and a kneading curved wall located below the blanking chute are provided under each track area. The opening 212 on the kneading curved wall is directly connected to the blanking port 213 of the blanking chute. The number of track areas can be reasonably selected according to needs. In this embodiment, the partitioned track disc 215 is divided into five track areas along different radial directions, namely the A-zone track area 209, the B-zone track area 208, the C-zone track area 207, the D-zone track area 206, and the E-zone track area 205. Among them, the last track area, the E-zone track area 205, has no track, and the drop gap is fully open, which can collect all materials that cannot fall into the drop gap 214 of the D-zone track area 206. Along the rotation direction of the material selection disc 501, from the A-zone track area 209 to the D-zone track area 206, the drop gap increases step by step. The specific size of each drop gap can be comprehensively considered based on the size distribution of the fruit to be processed and the specific number of grading levels (i.e., the number of track areas). If it is necessary to discard extremely small or extremely large fruits, the following arrangement can be considered: along the rotation direction of the material selection disc 501, the drop gap 214 of the A-zone track area 209 (as the first track area) is slightly smaller than that of the fruit suitable for kneading. The smaller diameter of tea fruit is used to collect extremely small tea fruit or impurity particles that are not suitable for kneading. The drop gaps of track area 208 in zone B, track area 207 in zone C, and track area 206 in zone D are gradually increased. In this way, when tea fruit of corresponding size passes through the track area, it will fall into the drop chute below through the drop interval to achieve the purpose of graded collection. The drop gap of track area 205 in zone E is fully open, and the fruits not collected by track area 206 in zone D will eventually fall into track area 205 in zone E for collection.The size of the material dropping gap of each track area can be set as required, and the proportion of each track area on the partition track disc 215 can also be set as required. For example, if the proportion of camellia fruits with a certain diameter range is large, the proportion of the track area on the partition track disc 215 can be appropriately increased to improve the separation effect. Since very small fruits and very large fruits need to be discarded, the A area track area 209 (the first track area) and the E area track area 205 (the last track area) adjacent to each other share an outer discharge chute 202 that is in communication with the outer discharge port 7 on the shell 9, and the lower portions of the other several track areas, including the B area track area 208, the C area track area 207, and the D area track area 206, each correspond to a separately arranged material dropping chute 210 and rubbing curved wall 211. The material dropping chutes 210 and the rubbing curved walls 211 of adjacent track areas are separated by partition vertical plates 203 (the lower ends of the partition vertical plates 203 should be kept at a very small gap of 3-5 mm below the rubbing disc 404, which does not affect the rotation of the rubbing disc 404, and also enables the rubbing process to be carried out in a partitioned manner, reducing the possibility of material entering another area for rubbing), thereby forming independent spaces. The discharge port 213 of the material dropping chute 210 corresponding to each track area is connected to the opening 212 on the rubbing curved wall 211 of the track area, and the material collected by the track area is directly dropped into the rubbing gap below the corresponding rubbing curved wall 211 for crushing, thereby achieving the purpose of graded collection and rubbing.

[0035] Considering that the material is separated from small to large in stages, the feeding port 301 of the feeding hopper 3 should correspond to the first track area, i.e., the A area track area 204, with the smallest material dropping gap 214 on the partition track disc 215.

[0036] Referring to Figure 4 The rubbing device 4 includes a rubbing disc 404 driven by a driving system and located below the plurality of rubbing curved walls 211. The rubbing disc 404 has a center-high and periphery-low umbrella-shaped structure and is spliced by a plurality of fan-shaped leaves 408. The upper surface of the rubbing disc 404 is covered with an elastic layer 406 (such as rubber material) and is provided with spiral ribs 405. Correspondingly, the rubbing curved walls 211 also slope downward from the inside to the outside. This makes the rubbing gap 405 between the rubbing disc 404 and the rubbing curved walls 211 also maintain a state of outward and downward inclination, which is beneficial to the material being rubbed and transported outward and peripherally under the action of gravity and finally being discharged from the discharge port 8 on the shell 9. Figure 6, along the rotation direction of the kneading disc 404, the kneading gap between the kneading curved wall 211 corresponding to each track area and the kneading disc 404 gradually decreases, realizing the extrusion kneading effect on the materials; the material falling interval 405 of the plurality of track areas is gradually increased, and the kneading gap 405 between the kneading curved wall 211 corresponding to each track area and the kneading disc 404 is gradually increased, and the specific gap size is determined according to the diameter of the fruit shell collected in this area (need to break the shell) and the size of the seed (avoid damaging the seed), such as the maximum kneading gap 407 between the kneading curved wall 211 corresponding to each track area and the kneading disc 404 is greater than or equal to the material falling interval 214 of the track area, so that the materials collected in this area can smoothly enter the kneading gap through the material falling slide, on the other hand, its minimum kneading gap should be greater than or equal to the average diameter of the oil tea fruit seeds falling into the track area, in order to reduce the damage to the seeds during the kneading process. Preferably, the opening on the kneading curved wall 211 corresponds to the side where the kneading gap 211 is larger (more preferably close to the center of the kneading disc 404), and the discharge port 8 is located on the shell corresponding to the minimum kneading gap, so as to ensure sufficient kneading stroke and improve the kneading effect. See Figure 5 The bottom surface of the kneading disc 404 is also provided with a kneading disc elastic support assembly, which includes a plurality of fan-shaped discs 401 uniformly installed on the bottom surface of the kneading disc 404, and the bottom surface of the fan-shaped disc 401 is connected with the support ring 402 at the center of the bottom surface of the kneading disc 404 through a pneumatic spring support rod 403. When the extrusion force on the materials in the kneading gap 407 is too large, the elastic layer 406 and the kneading disc elastic support assembly can release a certain force, reducing the occurrence of seed damage.

[0037] See Figure 7 The driving system can be a motor driving the kneading disc 404 of the kneading device 4 and the pulling disc 501 of the material pulling device 5 through corresponding transmission assemblies, or two motors can be used to drive them respectively. In this embodiment, the driving system 6 includes a first motor 601 and a second motor 602 installed on the center support frame 10. The first motor 601 is fixed on the lower segment of the center support frame 10 and connected with the kneading device 4 through a first transmission assembly to drive the kneading device 4 to rotate. The second motor 602 is fixed on the upper segment of the center support frame 10 and connected with the material pulling device 5 through a second transmission assembly to drive the material pulling device 5 to rotate. The specific structure and transmission principle of the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly can be reasonably designed according to the prior art, such as using gears or other various transmission methods. In order to realize the rotation of the kneading disc 404 and the pulling disc 501, necessary bearings and sealing structures can also be designed to realize the rotation of the kneading disc 404 and the pulling disc 501 respectively. This is the prior art in the field, and those skilled in the art can reasonably design according to the needs and parameters, which is not limited and described in detail.

[0038] The following uses the present invention to perform grading, kneading and shelling of tea fruit as an example to illustrate the working principle of the present invention: Among them, the blanking clearance of each track area is designed as follows: The blanking gap of the track area 209 in zone A is 25mm, which is used to screen out extremely small fruits with a diameter of less than 25mm; the blanking gap of the track area 208 in zone B is 30mm, which is used to screen out oil-tea fruits with a diameter of 25-30mm; the blanking gap of the track area 207 in zone C is 35mm, which is used to screen out oil-tea fruits with a diameter of 30-35mm; the blanking gap of the track area 206 in zone D is 40mm, which is used to screen out oil-tea fruits with a diameter of 35-40mm; the track area 205 in zone E is a fully open area without tracks. After the oil-tea fruits are screened through the four track areas A, B, C, and D according to their movement trajectories, the extremely large fruits with a diameter greater than 40mm are collected from here.

[0039] At the same time, the track area 209 in zone A and the track area 205 in zone E share an external discharge slide 202 connected to the external discharge port 7 on the housing 9. The kneading gaps 407 between the kneading plate 404 and the kneading curved walls 211 corresponding to the track areas 208 in zone B, 207 in zone C, and 206 in zone D are designed as follows: As the kneading disk 404 rotates, the kneading gap on the feed side corresponding to the track area 208 in zone B is 35 mm, and the kneading gap on the discharge side is 15 mm; the kneading gap on the feed side corresponding to the track area 207 in zone C is 40 mm, and the kneading gap on the discharge side is 20 mm; the kneading gap on the feed side corresponding to the track area 206 in zone D is 45 mm, and the kneading gap on the discharge side is 25 mm. A discharge port 8 is provided on the shell 9 corresponding to the minimum kneading gap on each discharge side to discharge the seed shell mixture after shell breaking.

[0040] The oil tea fruits are continuously fed into the A track area 209 from the feeding port 301 of the feeding hopper 3. The oil tea fruits with a diameter less than the dropping gap of the area are directly discharged from the ejection port 7 through the ejection slide 202 below the dropping gap 214 without rubbing. The rest of the oil tea fruits with a diameter greater than the dropping gap of the area are moved to the B track area 208 under the action of the rotating pusher plate 501. Similarly, the oil tea fruits with a diameter less than the dropping gap of the area are dropped into the dropping slide 210 below the B track area 208 through the dropping gap 214, and then enter the rubbing gap 407 between the rubbing wall 211 below the rubbing wall 211 and the rubbing disc 404 through the discharge port 213 and the opening 212 of the rubbing wall 211. Under the action of the rotating rubbing disc 404, the oil tea fruits are moved from the feeding side to the discharge side. During the movement, the rubbing disc 404 produces a shearing and extruding force on the oil tea fruits to rub and break the shells of the oil tea fruits. During the rubbing and breaking process, if the materials are locally accumulated and the action force is too large during the pushing process, the elastic layer 406 and the rubbing disc elastic support assembly can release a certain action force to reduce the occurrence of the damaged seed problem. The broken seed shells continue to be finally continuously discharged from the corresponding discharge port 8 of the area under the driving of the rubbing disc 404. Similarly, the rest of the oil tea fruits are sequentially collected in the C track area 207 and the D track area 206 under the action of the rotating pusher plate 501 to rub the oil tea fruits with a corresponding diameter range, and finally, the extremely large fruits not dropped into the dropping gap of the D track area 206 are moved into the E track area 205 with a full opening under the action of the pusher plate 501, and then discharged directly from the ejection port 7 through the ejection slide 202 below the E track area 205 without rubbing.

[0041] The oil tea fruit grading and rubbing shell breaking machine can screen and discharge extremely large and extremely small fruits, rub the fruits with a suitable size for rubbing, has a good rubbing effect, and has a shelling rate of the oil tea fruits of 94.7% or more, a broken seed rate and a damaged seed rate of 3.5% or less, and is not easy to block, and can realize continuous production.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed by the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tea fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a base is provided at the bottom of the shell, and a central support frame is provided at the center of the base. The invention is characterized in that a material diverting device, a partitioning device and a kneading device are provided in sequence from top to bottom on the same axis in the shell, and a driving system for driving the material diverting device and the kneading device to rotate; The material diverting device includes a material diverting disc driven by a driving system, the material diverting disc is provided with a plurality of material passing gaps, and a plurality of material diverting plates are arranged radially; The partitioning device includes a partitioned track plate fixedly mounted on the housing, the partitioned track plate being centered on the center of a circle and divided into a plurality of track areas along different radial directions, each track area having a plurality of tracks, with a blanking gap between adjacent tracks; a corresponding and independent blanking chute and a kneading curved wall located below the blanking chute are provided below each track area, the opening on the kneading curved wall being connected to the blanking opening of the blanking chute; along the rotation direction of the diverter plate, the blanking gaps of the plurality of track areas increase step by step; The kneading device includes a kneading plate driven by a drive system and located below a plurality of kneading curved walls; along the rotation direction of the kneading plate, the kneading gap between the kneading curved wall corresponding to each track area and the kneading plate gradually decreases, and the kneading gaps between the kneading curved walls of the plurality of track areas and the kneading plate gradually increase; a discharge port is provided on the shell corresponding to the location where the kneading gap corresponding to each track area is the smallest.

2. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the rotation direction of the pulling plate, the blanking gap of the first track area is slightly smaller than the minimum fruit diameter of the oil-tea fruit suitable for kneading, and the blanking gap of the last track area is fully open; the adjacent first track area and the last track area share an external discharge slide connected to the external discharge port.

3. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A feed inlet hopper is provided on the top of the shell, and the feed inlet of the feed hopper corresponds to the first track area on the partitioned track disk.

4. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material-diverting plate is a straight plate and / or an inclined plate.

5. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track is an arc track with the center of the partition track disk as the center of the circle.

6. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The kneading plate is an umbrella-shaped structure with a high center and low surroundings, and the kneading curved wall is also inclined downward from the inside to the outside.

7. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shell-breaking machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The maximum kneading gap between the kneading curved wall corresponding to each track area and the kneading disk is larger than the blanking gap of the track area, and the minimum kneading gap is larger than the average diameter of the oil-tea tea fruit seeds falling into the track area.

8. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shell-breaking machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The surface of the kneading disc is covered with an elastic layer, and spiral ribs are evenly arranged on the elastic layer.

9. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shelling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The kneading plate is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped blades, and the kneading device also includes a kneading plate elastic support component, which includes a fan-shaped plate evenly installed on the bottom surface of each fan-shaped blade, and the fan-shaped plate is connected to the support ring in the center of the bottom surface of the kneading plate via a pneumatic spring support rod.

10. The oil-tea camellia fruit grading, kneading and shell-breaking machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The driving system includes a first motor and a second motor installed on the central support frame. The first motor is fixed to the lower section of the central support frame and is connected to the kneading device via a first transmission assembly, so as to drive the kneading device to rotate; the second motor is fixed to the upper section of the central support frame and is connected to the material dispensing device via a second transmission assembly, so as to drive the material dispensing device to rotate.

Images