Fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescence imaging, and discloses a fluorescence probe near-infrared imaging system and method, and the system comprises a laser which is used for transmitting a laser beam to a target area of a patient body; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is used for receiving the laser beam and generating a fluorescent signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is positioned in veins of a patient; the near-infrared camera is used for acquiring a fluorescence signal by adopting a germanium photoelectric detector and obtaining an image signal according to the fluorescence signal; sending the image signal to an image processing module; the image processing module is used for receiving and processing the image signal to obtain an image result and sending the image result to the display; and the display is used for displaying the image result. The application can sensitively detect the fluorescence signal output of the indocyanine green fluorescence probe under a low-dose injection condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fluorescence imaging technology, and in particular to a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system and method. Background Art

[0002] To obtain sufficiently strong fluorescence signals, existing fluorescence imaging methods typically require high fluorescent probe doses. However, high doses of fluorescent probes pose certain health risks to patients, particularly increasing the burden on the kidneys and the risk of allergic reactions, limiting their widespread application. For patients requiring long-term monitoring, higher fluorescent probe doses can lead to cumulative toxicity, raising safety concerns particularly for the elderly, those with weakened immune systems, or those with specific medical conditions. Therefore, maintaining high-quality imaging while reducing the fluorescent probe dose remains a key technological challenge. Existing fluorescent probe imaging systems mostly rely on silicon-based detectors. While capable of imaging, they lack sensitivity in low-light conditions, making it difficult to effectively capture the weak signals emitted by fluorescent probes. Furthermore, the low signal-to-noise ratio, low spatial resolution, and insufficient sensitivity of traditional silicon-based detectors, which can blur image details, further limit their practical application. This is particularly true for the detection and diagnosis of microscopic lesions, where signal noise interference and resolution issues further hinder their effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system and method. The optimization of the germanium photodetector can sensitively detect the fluorescent signal output of the indocyanine green fluorescent probe under low-dose injection conditions, greatly improving the germanium photodetector's ability to capture fluorescent signals, significantly reducing the patient's dose exposure, and fully leveraging the superior performance of the near-infrared camera within a certain wavelength range, effectively enhancing the photoelectric conversion capability, so that the near-infrared camera still has high imaging sensitivity in a weak-signal fluorescent environment; and can significantly reduce dark current and readout noise, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the near-infrared camera under low illumination conditions, and improve the safety and timeliness of fluorescence imaging.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system, the system comprising:

[0005] a laser for delivering a laser beam to a target area of ​​the patient's body;

[0006] an indocyanine green fluorescent probe, configured to receive a laser beam and generate a fluorescent signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe being located in a vein of the patient;

[0007] A near-infrared camera is used to collect fluorescence signals using a germanium photodetector, obtain image signals based on the fluorescence signals, and send the image signals to an image processing module;

[0008] Image processing module, used to receive and process image signals, obtain image results and send them to the display;

[0009] A display is used to display image results.

[0010] Furthermore, the system also includes a cloud database;

[0011] The image processing module is also used to send the image results and the received analysis data to the cloud database;

[0012] The cloud database is used to receive and store image results and analysis data.

[0013] Furthermore, the image processing module includes a signal processing unit and an image analysis unit;

[0014] The signal processing unit is used to amplify and filter the image signal; apply an image reconstruction algorithm to the processed image signal to obtain a first image; and perform enhancement processing on the first image to obtain a second image;

[0015] The image analysis unit is used to extract the target area and pathological characteristics of the target area in the second image using image segmentation technology; perform quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensity of the target area to obtain physiological indicators of the target area; and send the second image, pathological characteristics and physiological indicators as image results to a display.

[0016] Furthermore, the injection dose range of the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is 0.25 mg / kg-0.5 mg / kg.

[0017] Furthermore, the germanium photodetector includes a Bragg reflector, a first germanium layer, a germanium quantum well absorption layer and a second germanium layer stacked in sequence, as well as a first electrode, a second electrode, a readout circuit and a plurality of grooves with equal intervals; the grooves sequentially penetrate the second germanium layer, the germanium quantum well absorption layer and the first germanium layer; the readout circuit is connected to the first germanium layer through the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0018] Furthermore, the Bragg reflector includes a periodic structure with a preset number of periods; a single period includes a first silicon layer and a second silicon layer superimposed on the first silicon layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the first silicon layer is a silicon nitride layer, and the second silicon layer is a silicon dioxide layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the preset number of cycles is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 10.

[0021] Furthermore, the central wavelength of the Bragg reflector is 830 nm.

[0022] Furthermore, the thickness of the Bragg reflector is less than 1.5 microns.

[0023] Furthermore, the thickness of the well layer of the germanium quantum well absorption layer is 10 nm.

[0024] Furthermore, the first germanium layer is an N-type germanium layer, and the second germanium layer is a P-type germanium layer;

[0025] Alternatively, the first germanium layer is a P-type germanium layer, and the second germanium layer is an N-type germanium layer.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method, the method comprising:

[0027] The laser sends a laser beam to a targeted area on the patient's body;

[0028] The indocyanine green fluorescent probe receives the laser beam and generates a fluorescent signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is located in a vein of the patient;

[0029] The near-infrared camera uses a germanium photodetector to collect fluorescence signals and obtain image signals based on the fluorescence signals; the image signals are sent to the image processing module;

[0030] The image processing module receives and processes the image signal, obtains the image result and sends it to the display;

[0031] The monitor shows the resulting image.

[0032] Furthermore, the fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system also includes a cloud database; the method also includes:

[0033] The image processing module sends the image results and the received analysis data to the cloud database;

[0034] The cloud database receives and stores image results and analysis data.

[0035] Furthermore, the image processing module includes a signal processing unit and an image analysis unit; the image processing module receives and processes the image signal, obtains the image result and sends it to the display, including:

[0036] The signal processing unit amplifies and filters the image signal; applies an image reconstruction algorithm to the processed image signal to obtain a first image; and performs enhancement processing on the first image to obtain a second image;

[0037] The image analysis unit uses image segmentation technology to extract the target area and pathological characteristics of the target area in the second image; performs quantitative analysis on the fluorescence intensity of the target area to obtain physiological indicators of the target area; and sends the second image, pathological characteristics and physiological indicators as image results to a display.

[0038] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] An embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system. The optimization of the germanium photodetector in the above system can sensitively detect the fluorescent signal output of the indocyanine green fluorescent probe under low-dose injection conditions, greatly improving the germanium photodetector's ability to capture fluorescent signals, significantly reducing the patient's dose exposure, and fully leveraging the superior performance of the near-infrared camera within a certain wavelength range, effectively enhancing the photoelectric conversion capability, so that the near-infrared camera still has high imaging sensitivity in a weak-signal fluorescent environment; and can significantly reduce dark current and readout noise, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the near-infrared camera under low illumination conditions, and improve the safety and timeliness of fluorescence imaging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system provided as an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system provided as another exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system provided as another exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 4 A flowchart of a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method provided as an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0045] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] See Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system, the system specifically comprising:

[0047] A laser is used to send a laser beam to a targeted area on the patient's body.

[0048] The laser is a laser with a wavelength of 750-800 nm, and the type of the laser can be a solid-state laser, a laser diode, or an adjustable laser system. The laser beam excites the indocyanine green fluorescent probe, causing it to emit fluorescence. The power, stability, and beam quality of the laser beam can directly affect the effect of fluorescence imaging; stable laser beam helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the imaging system, and adjustable laser can switch the excitation wavelength according to the needs, finally adapt to the use of different fluorescent probes.

[0049] The indocyanine green fluorescent probe is used to receive the laser beam and generate a fluorescence signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is located in the patient's vein.

[0050] The indocyanine green fluorescent probe is usually injected intravenously or applied locally into the body; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is a near-infrared fluorescent dye with an excitation wavelength of 750-800 nm and an emission wavelength in the range of 800-850 nm. The indocyanine green fluorescent probe can quickly enter the blood circulation and combine with target tissues (such as blood vessels, lymphatic system, and tumors, etc.). Its distribution and accumulation in the target tissue are regulated by blood flow and tissue physiological characteristics, and it will usually quickly enter the blood circulation and gradually accumulate in specific biological structures over time, ultimately providing high-sensitivity tissue imaging information; using a low dose of indocyanine green fluorescent probe can effectively reduce the patient's radiation exposure while maintaining sufficient fluorescence intensity, ensuring the imaging quality.

[0051] The near-infrared camera is used to collect the fluorescence signal using a germanium photodetector, and the image signal is obtained according to the fluorescence signal; the image signal is sent to the image processing module.

[0052] The near-infrared camera can be a GeOI near-infrared camera, a CCD camera, a CMOS camera, or an InGaAs camera.

[0053] The GeOI near-infrared camera is equipped with a high-performance germanium photodetector that can effectively respond to near-infrared fluorescence signals in the wavelength range of 750-850 nm. The GeOI near-infrared camera uses a high-density pixel array to provide excellent spatial resolution and high dynamic range, ensuring the capture of weak signals and detailed images. At the same time, it also integrates a low-power design, suitable for long-time imaging operation; it also supports real-time image capture and processing, ensuring fast generation and analysis of image signals.

[0054] Furthermore, GeOI near-infrared cameras can efficiently capture the weak fluorescence signals emitted by fluorescent dyes such as indocyanine green fluorescent probes, ensuring clear imaging even under low-dose conditions. With its high resolution and high dynamic range, GeOI near-infrared cameras can reveal detailed tissue structures or lesions. Furthermore, its low noise characteristics effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio, ensuring image quality. The wide wavelength response of GeOI near-infrared cameras makes them suitable for near-infrared fluorescence imaging applications, enabling real-time image data processing and ensuring rapid imaging and dynamic monitoring requirements.

[0055] The image processing module is used to receive and process image signals, obtain image results and send them to the display.

[0056] The image processing module processes image signals to improve image quality and reduce noise. It significantly optimizes imaging using low-dose indocyanine green fluorescent probes, enhancing contrast and detail, ensuring that even weak fluorescent signals are clearly presented. Finally, multiple algorithms integrate data from multiple angles to generate precise images.

[0057] A display is used to display image results.

[0058] The high-resolution display can quickly and in real time display image results, helping operators monitor, observe, and analyze dynamic processes in real time, allowing doctors to assess lesions or target areas in real time during imaging. For dynamic processes (such as blood flow and tumor growth), real-time image results can help doctors observe changes in the target area, allowing them to make timely assessments and decisions.

[0059] A fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system is provided in the above embodiment. The optimization of the germanium photodetector in the above system can sensitively detect the fluorescence signal output of the indocyanine green fluorescent probe under low-dose injection conditions, greatly improving the germanium photodetector's ability to capture fluorescence signals, significantly reducing the patient's dose exposure, and giving full play to the superior performance of the near-infrared camera within a certain wavelength range, effectively enhancing the photoelectric conversion capability, so that the near-infrared camera still has a high imaging sensitivity in a weak signal fluorescence environment; and can significantly reduce dark current and readout noise, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the near-infrared camera under low illumination conditions, and improve the safety and timeliness of fluorescence imaging.

[0060] In some embodiments, the system further includes a cloud database;

[0061] The image processing module is further used to send the image results and the received analysis data to the cloud database; the cloud database is used to receive and store the image results and analysis data.

[0062] The image results and received analysis data are stored in a cloud database or local database for later review and reexamination. The received analysis data includes imaging images, quantitative analysis results, and relevant patient information. Image results and analysis data are stored and backed up in the cloud database, significantly reducing the risk of data loss. For further analysis, doctors or researchers can use advanced software (such as ImageJ and Matlab) to delve deeper into the data, performing more complex image processing, functional analysis, and model prediction to obtain more precise conclusions and insights.

[0063] In some embodiments, a high-performance computing platform utilizes technologies such as GPU acceleration to process large amounts of image data, including image reconstruction, signal enhancement, and 3D modeling. The processed images are stored in an efficient storage system and backed up via a network or cloud database, ensuring security and accessibility. Furthermore, a remote platform allows patients or researchers to view imaging results and obtain analytical data, facilitating collaborative and remote medical diagnosis.

[0064] In some embodiments, the image processing module includes a signal processing unit and an image analysis unit.

[0065] The signal processing unit is used to amplify and filter the image signal; apply an image reconstruction algorithm to the processed image signal to obtain a first image; and perform enhancement processing on the first image to obtain a second image.

[0066] The image analysis unit is used to extract the target area and pathological characteristics of the target area in the second image using image segmentation technology; perform quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensity of the target area to obtain physiological indicators of the target area; and send the second image, pathological characteristics and physiological indicators as image results to a display.

[0067] The image processing module also analyzes the image results, using image segmentation techniques to extract features such as the boundaries, shape, and size of target regions (such as tumors and blood vessels). Quantitative analysis of image signals allows assessment of fluorescence concentration, blood flow, or other relevant physiological indicators in the target region, which is crucial for clinical applications such as tumor and vascular imaging.

[0068] The collected image signals are amplified and filtered to remove background noise and enhance the visibility of fluorescent signals. The processed image signals are converted into image data, and a first image is generated by image processing and imaging reconstruction algorithms. Subsequently, the algorithms enhance the preliminary image results (such as noise reduction, sharpening, and contrast enhancement, etc.), making the structure and function information of the target region clearer, and obtaining a second image. If the system supports three-dimensional imaging, the image signals based on different perspectives will be reconstructed in three dimensions to help obtain the spatial distribution information of the target structure, and finally the image results are obtained and sent to the display. The combination of various units can accurately process image signals to improve image quality and reduce noise; it can also optimize the imaging effect under low-dose indocyanine green fluorescent probes, enhance the contrast and details of the image results, and ensure that weak fluorescent signals can be clearly presented; finally, advanced algorithms can integrate data from multiple angles to accurately generate image results.

[0069] In some embodiments, the injection dose of the indocyanine green fluorescent probe ranges from 0.25 mg / kg to 0.5 mg / kg.

[0070] The use of low-dose indocyanine green fluorescent probes can effectively reduce the radiation exposure of patients while maintaining sufficient fluorescence intensity to ensure imaging quality. The injection dose ranges from 0.25 mg / kg to 0.5 mg / kg, which is a significant reduction compared to the 0.5-1.0 mg / kg used by traditional silicon detectors and the 0.5-1.0 mg / kg used by traditional InGaAs detectors. When multiple injections are performed on key patients, the patient's dose safety can be ensured, and adverse reactions can be avoided.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the germanium photodetector includes a Bragg reflector, a first germanium layer, a germanium quantum well absorption layer, and a second germanium layer stacked in sequence, as well as a first electrode, a second electrode, a readout circuit, and a plurality of equally spaced grooves; the grooves sequentially penetrate the second germanium layer, the germanium quantum well absorption layer, and the first germanium layer; the readout circuit is connected to the first germanium layer through the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 3 The Bragg reflector includes a periodic structure with a preset number of periods; a single period includes a first silicon layer and a second silicon layer stacked on the first silicon layer; the first silicon layer is a silicon nitride layer, and the second silicon layer is a silicon dioxide layer; the preset number of periods is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 10.

[0073] Among them, the Bragg reflector forms a high-reflection region near the target wavelength of 830nm through a multi-layer interference enhancement mechanism, causing the incident light signal to form multiple reflections within the layers of the germanium photodetector, effectively enhancing the absorption capacity of the germanium quantum well and achieving a resonance-enhanced absorption effect. Secondly, this structure suppresses the passage of non-target wavelengths while reflecting specific wavelengths, thereby effectively reducing the background noise level and significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the imaging system. In addition, the structure of the Bragg reflector has excellent tunability. By adjusting the thickness of the single layer and the number of periods, the reflection center wavelength and bandwidth can be flexibly adjusted to cover the 700-1000nm band, providing wide compatibility for the application of indocyanine green fluorescent probes or other fluorescent dyes. More importantly, the silicon dioxide and silicon nitride materials used are both industrially mature process materials, highly compatible with the CMOS platform, and have advantages such as low-temperature deposition and stress adjustment, which facilitate subsequent large-scale integration and batch production. Therefore, the germanium photodetector not only has obvious advantages in optical performance, but also provides a stable and reliable device foundation for the realization of high-performance, low-dose fluorescence imaging systems.

[0074] Silicon dioxide and silicon nitride do not absorb light signals in the 800-900nm range, enabling the chip to support back-incidence. Bragg reflectors offer excellent reflectivity in the 830nm band, reaching 70%-95%. They are inexpensive to manufacture and easily integrated on silicon-based platforms, making them suitable for large-scale production and well-suited for indocyanine green fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, Bragg reflectors offer reasonable light reflection performance while offering advantages in thermal expansion matching, integration, and cost, ultimately achieving fast, precise imaging at low cost and low energy consumption.

[0075] Specifically, the central wavelength of the Bragg reflector can be 830nm, which can maximize the enhancement of the indocyanine green fluorescence signal, making imaging easier. The thickness of the Bragg reflector is less than 1.5 microns, ensuring optical path matching when integrated with the germanium quantum well absorption layer, thereby ensuring image signal quality. The well layer thickness of the germanium quantum well absorption layer can be 10nm, which can control the absorption peak to be 800-850nm, corresponding to the central wavelength of the Bragg reflector, and maximize the reception of the fluorescence signal. The combination of these two maximizes the performance of the germanium photodetector, achieving fast and accurate imaging.

[0076] Please refer to Table 1, which shows the design rules and parameters of the Bragg reflector in the germanium photodetector.

[0077] Table 1

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Please refer to Table 2, which shows the structural parameters of the Bragg reflector.

[0081] Table 2

[0082]

[0083] Please refer to Table 3, which shows the design rules and parameters of germanium photodetectors.

[0084] Table 3

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Please refer to Table 4, which shows the typical parameters of germanium photodetectors when used for near-infrared indocyanine green fluorescent probe imaging.

[0088] Table 4

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] In some embodiments, the first germanium layer is an N-type germanium layer, and the second germanium layer is a P-type germanium layer; or the first germanium layer is a P-type germanium layer, and the second germanium layer is an N-type germanium layer.

[0092] Specifically, by constructing an equidistant groove structure running through the first germanium layer, the germanium quantum well absorption layer, and the second germanium layer, combined with the alternating arrangement of NP or PN type germanium layers, the overall performance of the germanium photodetector can be significantly improved. The groove structure effectively increases the effective surface area for light absorption and enhances the efficiency of the germanium photodetector's absorption layer in capturing incident photons, especially in the near-infrared band, and can exhibit excellent light response characteristics. The germanium quantum well absorption layer in the germanium photodetector significantly improves the localization effect of photogenerated carriers and reduces dark current noise through band modulation. At the same time, the vertical pn junction formed by the NP type germanium layer optimizes the carrier separation path and accelerates the directional migration efficiency of photogenerated carriers. The three-dimensional composite structure, through synergistic action, enables the germanium photodetector to combine high quantum efficiency, wide spectral response, and fast response speed, making it particularly suitable for high-sensitivity imaging in low-light environments, opening up more space for the flexible application of germanium photodetectors.

[0093] See Figure 4 Another embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method, the method comprising:

[0094] In step S1 , a laser sends a laser beam to a target area of ​​a patient's body.

[0095] In step S2, the indocyanine green fluorescent probe receives the laser beam and generates a fluorescent signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is located in the patient's vein.

[0096] In step S3, the near-infrared camera uses a germanium photodetector to collect the fluorescence signal, obtains an image signal according to the fluorescence signal, and sends the image signal to the image processing module.

[0097] Step S4: The image processing module receives and processes the image signal, obtains an image result and sends it to the display.

[0098] Step S5: The display shows the image result.

[0099] In some embodiments, the fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system further includes a cloud database; and the method further includes:

[0100] In step S41 , the image processing module sends the image results and the received analysis data to a cloud database.

[0101] Step S42: The cloud database receives and stores the image results and analysis data.

[0102] In some embodiments, the image processing module includes a signal processing unit and an image analysis unit; the image processing module receives and processes the image signal, obtains the image result and sends it to the display, including:

[0103] The signal processing unit amplifies and filters the image signal; applies an image reconstruction algorithm to the processed image signal to obtain a first image; and performs enhancement processing on the first image to obtain a second image.

[0104] The image analysis unit uses image segmentation technology to extract the target area and pathological characteristics of the target area in the second image; performs quantitative analysis on the fluorescence intensity of the target area to obtain physiological indicators of the target area; and sends the second image, pathological characteristics and physiological indicators as image results to a display.

[0105] The specific limitations of a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method provided in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiment of a fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0106] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0107] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system, characterized in that: include: a laser for delivering a laser beam to a target area of ​​the patient's body; an indocyanine green fluorescent probe, configured to receive the laser beam and generate a fluorescent signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is located in a vein of the patient; A near-infrared camera, configured to collect the fluorescence signal using a germanium photodetector, obtain an image signal based on the fluorescence signal, and send the image signal to an image processing module; The image processing module is used to receive and process the image signal, obtain an image result and send it to the display; The display is used to display the image result.

2. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes cloud database; The image processing module is further configured to send the image result and the received analysis data to the cloud database; The cloud database is used to receive and store the image results and the analysis data.

3. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The image processing module includes a signal processing unit and an image analysis unit; The signal processing unit is used to amplify and filter the image signal; apply an image reconstruction algorithm to the processed image signal to obtain a first image; and perform enhancement processing on the first image to obtain a second image; The image analysis unit is used to extract the target area and the pathological features of the target area in the second image by using image segmentation technology; performing quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensity of the target area to obtain physiological indicators of the target area; The second image, the pathological features, and the physiological indicators are sent to the display as the image results.

4. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection dosage range of the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is 0.25 mg / kg-0.5 mg / kg.

5. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The germanium photodetector includes a Bragg reflector, a first germanium layer, a germanium quantum well absorption layer, and a second germanium layer stacked in sequence, as well as a first electrode, a second electrode, a readout circuit, and a plurality of grooves with equal spacing; the grooves sequentially penetrate the second germanium layer, the germanium quantum well absorption layer, and the first germanium layer; the readout circuit is connected to the first germanium layer through the first electrode and the second electrode.

6. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The Bragg reflector includes a periodic structure with a preset number of periods; a single period includes a first silicon layer and a second silicon layer stacked on the first silicon layer.

7. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first silicon layer is a silicon nitride layer, and the second silicon layer is a silicon dioxide layer.

8. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of preset cycles is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 10.

9. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central wavelength of the Bragg reflector is 830 nm.

10. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the Bragg reflector is less than 1.5 microns.

11. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the well layer of the germanium quantum well absorption layer is 10 nm.

12. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first germanium layer is an N-type germanium layer, and the second germanium layer is a P-type germanium layer; Alternatively, the first germanium layer is a P-type germanium layer, and the second germanium layer is an N-type germanium layer.

13. A fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method, characterized in that: include: The laser sends a laser beam to a targeted area on the patient's body; The indocyanine green fluorescent probe receives the laser beam and generates a fluorescent signal according to the laser beam; the indocyanine green fluorescent probe is located in the patient's vein; The near-infrared camera uses a germanium photodetector to collect the fluorescence signal, obtains an image signal according to the fluorescence signal, and sends the image signal to an image processing module; The image processing module receives and processes the image signal, obtains an image result and sends it to the display; The display displays the image result.

14. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging system further includes a cloud database; the method further includes: The image processing module sends the image result and the received analysis data to the cloud database; The cloud database receives and stores the image results and the analysis data.

15. The fluorescent probe near-infrared imaging method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The image processing module includes a signal processing unit and an image analysis unit; the image processing module receives and processes the image signal, obtains an image result and sends it to the display, including: The signal processing unit amplifies and filters the image signal; applies an image reconstruction algorithm to the processed image signal to obtain a first image; and performs enhancement processing on the first image to obtain a second image; The image analysis unit uses image segmentation technology to extract the target area and the pathological characteristics of the target area in the second image; performs quantitative analysis on the fluorescence intensity of the target area to obtain the physiological indicators of the target area; and sends the second image, the pathological characteristics, and the physiological indicators as the image results to the display.

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