A door type nail

Abstract

The application discloses a door type nail, which comprises a body mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and an anti-rotor mechanism, the body mechanism comprises an arc-shaped body, a pair of base columns are installed at both ends of the arc-shaped body, and nail tips are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the pair of base columns; the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating rod and a mounting groove, the mounting groove is horizontally and penetratingly arranged in the arc-shaped body, and the rotating rod is rotationally connected in the mounting groove. The elastic self-adaptive fitting of the anti-rotor mechanism can avoid the risk of bone necrosis caused by traditional rigid compression; the variable rigidity arc-shaped body realizes intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to medium elastic conduction, matches the biomechanical requirements in different stages of fracture healing; the biological coating and the micro barb structure cooperatively guide the directional climbing growth of bone tissue, realize the double locking of mechanical fixation and biological fusion; and the use effect of the door type nail is remarkably improved through the improvement of the door type nail, so the door type nail has good popularization value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a door-shaped nail. BACKGROUND

[0002] The door-shaped nail is an instrument for fixing human bones with cracks and surrounding soft tissues (such as ligaments) when the human bones have cracks. The door-shaped nail usually comprises two fixing arms for insertion into the human bones and a compression arm for pressing against the soft tissues of the human body, which connects the two fixing arms.

[0003] The conventional metal door-shaped nail has the following problems:

[0004] 1. Insufficient mechanical properties: rigid structure leads to stress shielding, weak resistance to rotation / shearing force;

[0005] 2. Poor adaptability: fixed distance between nail legs, unable to adapt to different bone sizes.

[0006] The information disclosed in this section of the background art is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the application, and should not be considered as acknowledging or in any form implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a door-shaped nail that can solve the problems of insufficient mechanical properties, poor adaptability and high operation risk of existing door-shaped nails.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0009] A door-shaped nail comprises:

[0010] The body mechanism comprises an arc-shaped body, a pair of base columns are installed at both ends of the arc-shaped body, and a pair of nail tips are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the base columns. The base columns and the nail tips form the nail legs of the door-shaped nail. By installing a pair of base columns at both ends of the arc-shaped body, the door-shaped nail can be formed by the arc-shaped body and a pair of nail legs. The conventional door-shaped nail adopts an integrated structure. By improving the door-shaped nail to be composed of an arc-shaped body and a pair of nail legs, and adjusting the distance between the base columns installed at both ends of the arc-shaped body, the distance between the pair of nail legs of the door-shaped nail can be adjusted, so that the door-shaped nail can adapt to different bone sizes.

[0011] The adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating rod and a mounting groove, the mounting groove is opened in the arc-shaped body in a transverse penetrating manner, the rotating rod is rotationally connected in the mounting groove, so that the rotating rod is rotatably mounted in the arc-shaped body through the mounting groove. The two ends of the rotating rod are respectively provided with a nail foot spacing adjusting assembly between the corresponding base columns, and the rotating rod is rotated to cooperate with the nail foot spacing adjusting assembly, so that the spacing of the nail feet can be adjusted. The driving assembly is installed at the central position of the rotating rod, and the driving assembly is used for driving the rotating rod to rotate when adjusting the spacing of the nail feet.

[0012] The anti-rotor mechanism comprises a pair of communication rods, the pair of communication rods are rotationally connected on the left and right side walls of the arc-shaped body, and the ends of the pair of communication rods away from the arc-shaped body are fixedly connected with wing plates. The conventional door-shaped nail mainly provides axial pressure and bending resistance, but is relatively weak in resisting rotation and shear force between fracture ends, so in order to solve this technical problem, the wing plates connected by the pair of communication rods are arranged on the two sides of the arc-shaped body, so that when the door-shaped nail is installed, the wing plates are pressed on the outer surface of the bone, so that the bone and the door-shaped nail form a space triangular truss under the action of the wing plates, so that the rotation force between the fracture ends is converted into compression / tension force, and the shear force is dispersed, and the technical problem of relatively weak resistance to rotation and shear force between fracture ends is solved. At the same time, in order to make the effect of the wing plate after installation better, the wing plate is arranged in a shape matched with the outer surface of the bone.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the application, an Ω-shaped elastic groove is opened in the bottom of the arc-shaped body in a front-to-back penetrating manner, and the Ω-shaped elastic groove provides an axial elastic stroke for the arc-shaped body. The arc-shaped body is a variable stiffness composite structure composed of TC4 titanium alloy and Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer. The TC4 titanium alloy is the main structure, which ensures that the arc-shaped body has sufficient strength. The Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is laser cladded on the bottom of the main structure, and the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is set to have a phase transition temperature of 35-36.5℃, so as to be triggered by the body temperature of the human body, provide dynamic stiffness adjustment, and have a large initial stiffness to stably fix in the early healing period. In the middle healing period, the heat stiffness is triggered to reduce the stiffness to promote stress conduction, so that the arc-shaped body realizes the intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to medium-term elastic conduction.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the base column is made of TC4 titanium alloy to ensure the strength of the nail leg. The nail tip is designed as a conical structure with a pointed bottom, and the lower end of the nail leg is designed as a self-tapping conical structure to facilitate the installation of the door-shaped nail. The nail tip is composed of a porous magnesium alloy frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the base column and a polylactic acid degradation layer laser cladded on the outer sidewall of the porous magnesium alloy frame. The porous magnesium alloy frame provides instantaneous rigidity for the door-shaped nail implantation. After the door-shaped nail is installed, the porous magnesium alloy frame gradually corrodes over time, and the polylactic acid degradation layer maintains degradation while achieving segmented softening of the nail tip by adjusting the molecular weight of the polylactic acid degradation layer.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present application, a pair of first micro bearings are installed on the inner sidewall of the installation slot, the rotating rod is sleeved on the inner sidewall of the pair of first micro bearings, and the two ends of the rotating rod are flush with the two ends of the installation slot. The pair of first micro bearings enables the rotating rod to rotate stably while being installed in the rotating rod.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the nail foot spacing adjustment assembly includes a pair of internal threads and a pair of threaded sleeves. The pair of internal threads are respectively formed on the two ends of the rotating rod, and the rotation directions of the pair of internal threads are arranged in opposite ways. The pair of threaded sleeves are respectively fixedly connected to the sidewalls on the opposite sides of the pair of base columns, and each of the pair of threaded sleeves is integrally formed with an external thread. The pair of threaded sleeves are respectively connected to the pair of internal threads through the external threads. The threaded sleeves are connected to the internal threads through the external threads, enabling the pair of threaded sleeves to be stably installed on the two ends of the rotating rod. Since the rotation directions of the internal threads on the two ends of the rotating rod are arranged in opposite ways, when the pair of threaded sleeves are connected to the internal threads, the pair of threaded sleeves can be driven to move towards or away from each other on the two ends of the rotating rod through the forward and reverse rotation of the rotating rod, thereby achieving the adjustment of the spacing between the pair of threaded sleeves. Since one end of each threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the base column, the adjustment of the spacing between the pair of threaded sleeves can achieve the adjustment of the spacing between the pair of nail feet. Since the pair of nail feet are designed to be non-perpendicular to the arch-shaped body according to the installation requirements, the threaded sleeves are connected to the sidewalls of the base columns according to the inclination angles of the nail feet. In order to ensure the strength of the connection between the arch-shaped body and the base column through the threaded sleeves, the threaded sleeves are made of stainless steel.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present application, a pair of limiting grooves are symmetrically formed on the inner side wall of the mounting groove, a pair of limiting blocks are symmetrically formed on the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve, and the limiting blocks are respectively slidably connected in the limiting grooves. The cooperation of the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves can stabilize the threaded sleeve when it moves on the rotating rod, and ensure that the threaded sleeve will not rotate when it moves. At the same time, the limiting grooves limit the movement range of the limiting blocks, so as to limit the movement range of the base column and ensure that the threaded sleeve will not slip off the rotating rod. An energy-absorbing layer is arranged between the inner side wall of the mounting groove and the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve, and the energy-absorbing layer is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting groove. When the door-shaped nail is subjected to force, the force between the arc-shaped body and the nail foot can be buffered by the energy-absorbing layer.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the driving assembly comprises a first umbrella-shaped gear fixedly connected to the side wall at the center of the rotating rod, a driving groove is formed in the arc-shaped body, the first umbrella-shaped gear is arranged in the driving groove, and a communication groove is formed in the top of the driving groove and penetrates outward from the top of the arc-shaped body.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the driving assembly further comprises a rotating rod rotatably connected in the communication groove, a second umbrella-shaped gear fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating rod, the second umbrella-shaped gear meshingly connected to the first umbrella-shaped gear, a second micro bearing arranged on the inner side wall of the communication groove, the rotating rod sleeved in the second micro bearing, a hexagonal groove driving block fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod, and the hexagonal groove driving block rotatably connected to the upper end of the communication groove. When the door-shaped nail is installed and the distance between the nail feet needs to be adjusted, the hexagonal groove driving block is rotated by a hexagonal wrench, the rotating rod is driven to rotate by the hexagonal groove driving block, the second umbrella-shaped gear is driven to rotate by the rotating rod, the first umbrella-shaped gear is driven to rotate by the second umbrella-shaped gear, the rotating rod is driven to rotate by the first umbrella-shaped gear, and the distance between the nail feet is adjusted by the rotating rod. This design makes it convenient to adjust the distance between the nail feet and ensures the stability of the structure after the distance between the nail feet is adjusted, so that the distance between the nail feet can be adjusted without affecting the strength.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the bottom of the wing plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of barbs in an array, the height of the plurality of barbs is 40-60 microns, and a nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer is arranged between the plurality of barbs on the bottom of the wing plate by laser cladding. After the door-shaped nail is installed, the plurality of barbs are embedded in the bone cortex to disperse the shear force. The nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer can promote the growth of bone cells into micropores, and mechanical-biological double locking is formed after the door-shaped nail is installed for several weeks.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the application, the outer side wall on the left and right sides of the arc-shaped body is provided with a mounting cavity, a ball is rotatably connected in the mounting cavity, the end of the communication rod away from the wing plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the ball, and a biocompatible silica gel gasket is arranged between the inner side wall of the mounting cavity and the outer side wall of the ball, the biocompatible silica gel gasket is used to limit the rotation range of the ball in the mounting cavity, so that the rotation range of the ball in the mounting cavity is ± 20 degrees. The wing plate is self-adaptive to the bone surface curvature within the set rotation range, so that the combined hinge joint of the ball and the communication rod realizes self-adaptation to the curved bone during installation of the door-shaped nail, and mechanical locking is formed through micron-level barbs, finally solving the problem of insufficient anti-rotation of the door-shaped nail.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The micro-barb bone embedding mechanism of the self-adaptive anti-rotation wing and the space triangular truss structure of the application strengthen the weak anti-rotation ability of the traditional door-shaped nail into a systematic anti-torsion system, completely eliminating the risk of rotation displacement of the fracture end; at the same time, the anti-rotation wing mechanism decomposes the shear force into bone integration promoting force and barb anchoring force, solving the problem of lateral instability of the door-shaped nail;

[0024] 2. The application realizes millimeter-level real-time adjustment of the nail foot spacing through the adjusting mechanism, and the operator can correct in situ according to the bone reduction demand, avoiding the blindness of the traditional design, so that the door-shaped nail adapts to different bone sizes through adjustment of the nail foot spacing;

[0025] 3. The elastic self-adaptive fitting of the anti-rotation wing avoids the risk of bone necrosis caused by traditional rigid compression; the variable stiffness arc-shaped body realizes intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to medium-term elastic conduction, matching the biomechanical needs of different stages of fracture healing; the biological coating and the micro-barb structure cooperatively guide the directional climbing growth of bone tissue, realizing double locking of mechanical fixation and biological fusion; thereby the use effect of the door-shaped nail is significantly improved through the improvement of the door-shaped nail, and the application has good popularization value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view of a door-shaped nail in an embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 2A perspective view of a door-shaped nail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 A sectional view of a door-shaped nail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 A sectional view of a door-shaped nail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A perspective view of a door-shaped nail in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic view of A in the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic view of B in the present application; Figure 4 A schematic view of C in the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic view of D in the present application; Figure 4 A schematic view of the connection between the threaded sleeve and the mounting groove in the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic view of the threaded sleeve in the present application; Figure 4 A schematic view of the rotating rod in the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 A sectional view of the connection between the limiting block and the limiting groove in the present application.

[0036] Figure 10 A schematic view of the threaded sleeve in the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 A schematic view of the rotating rod in the present application;

[0038] Figure 12 A sectional view of the connection between the limiting block and the limiting groove in the present application.

[0039] Explanation of main reference numerals:

[0040] 1 - body mechanism, 11 - arc-shaped body, 12 - base column, 13 - nail tip, 1301 - porous magnesium alloy frame, 1302 - polylactic acid degradation layer, 14 - Ω-shaped elastic groove, 2 - adjustment mechanism, 21 - rotating rod, 22 - mounting groove, 23 - internal thread, 24 - threaded sleeve, 25 - limiting block, 26 - limiting groove, 27 - energy absorption layer, 28 - first micro bearing, 29 - driving groove, 210 - first umbrella gear, 211 - second umbrella gear, 212 - communication groove, 213 - rotating rod, 214 - second micro bearing, 215 - hexagonal groove driving block, 3 - anti-rotation wing mechanism, 31 - connecting rod, 32 - wing plate, 33 - barb, 34 - nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer, 35 - mounting cavity, 36 - sphere, 37 - biocompatible silica gel gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] As shown in Figures 1-4 An embodiment of the present application, a door-shaped nail, comprises a body mechanism 1, an adjusting mechanism 2 and an anti-rotation mechanism 3.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1-4 The body mechanism 1 comprises an arc-shaped body 11, and a pair of base columns 12 are installed at both ends of the arc-shaped body 11. The lower ends of the pair of base columns 12 are fixedly connected with nail tips 13, and the base columns 12 and the nail tips 13 constitute the nail legs of the door-shaped nail. By installing the pair of base columns 12 at both ends of the arc-shaped body 11, the door-shaped nail can be composed of the arc-shaped body 11 and the pair of nail legs. The conventional door-shaped nail adopts an integrated structure. By improving the door-shaped nail to be composed of the arc-shaped body 11 and the pair of nail legs, and since the base columns 12 are installed at both ends of the arc-shaped body 11 to be adjustable in spacing, the spacing of the pair of nail legs of the door-shaped nail can be adjusted, so that the door-shaped nail can be adapted to the sizes of different bones.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom center of the arc-shaped body 11 is provided with an Ω-shaped elastic groove 14 in a front-to-back penetrating manner, which provides the arc-shaped body 11 with an axial elastic stroke. The arc-shaped body 11 is composed of a TC4 titanium alloy and a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer into a variable stiffness composite structure. The TC4 titanium alloy is the main body structure, which ensures that the arc-shaped body 11 has sufficient strength. The Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is laser cladded on the bottom of the main body structure, and the phase transition temperature of the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is set to 35-36.5℃, so as to be triggered by the body temperature to provide dynamic stiffness adjustment. The initial stiffness is relatively large to stably fix in the early healing period, and the thermal stiffness is triggered in the healing medium period, so as to reduce the stiffness to promote stress conduction, so that the arc-shaped body 11 realizes the intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to medium elastic conduction.

[0045] As shown in Figure 4 in combination with Figure 5As shown, the base column 12 is made of TC4 titanium alloy, which ensures the strength of the nail leg. The nail tip 13 is provided as a conical structure with a pointed bottom, so that the lower end of the nail leg is self-tapping conical structure, so as to facilitate the installation of the door-shaped nail. The nail tip 13 is composed of a porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 and a polylactic acid degradation layer 1302, the porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base column 12, and the polylactic acid degradation layer 1302 is laser cladded on the outer side wall of the porous magnesium alloy frame 1301. The porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 provides the instantaneous rigidity of the door-shaped nail implantation, and the porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 gradually corrodes over time after the door-shaped nail is installed, and the polylactic acid degradation layer 1302 maintains degradation, while the segmented softening of the nail tip 13 is realized by adjusting the molecular weight of the polylactic acid degradation layer 1302.

[0046] As shown in Figures 3-6 , the adjusting mechanism 2 includes a rotating rod 21 and a mounting groove 22, the mounting groove 22 is opened in the arc-shaped body 11 in a transversely penetrating manner, and the rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected in the mounting groove 22, so that the rotating rod 21 is rotatably mounted in the arc-shaped body 11 through the mounting groove 22. The two ends of the rotating rod 21 are respectively provided with a nail foot spacing adjusting assembly between the corresponding base columns 12, and the rotating rod 21 can adjust the nail foot spacing by cooperating with the nail foot spacing adjusting assembly when rotating. The driving assembly is installed at the central position of the rotating rod 21, and the driving assembly is used to drive the rotating rod 21 to rotate when adjusting the nail foot spacing.

[0047] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 11 , a pair of first micro bearings 28 are installed on the inner side wall of the mounting groove 22, the rotating rod 21 is sleeved on the inner side wall of the pair of first micro bearings 28, and the two ends of the rotating rod 21 are flush with the two ends of the mounting groove 22. The rotating rod 21 is installed in the rotating rod 21 to rotate while being stable in structure through the pair of first micro bearings 28.

[0048] As shown in Figure 6 , Figures 9-11As shown, the pin foot spacing adjustment assembly comprises a pair of internal threads 23 and a pair of threaded sleeves 24, the pair of internal threads 23 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the rotating rod 21, and the rotation directions of the pair of internal threads 23 are arranged in opposite ways, the pair of threaded sleeves 24 are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls on the opposite sides of the pair of base columns 12, and the pair of threaded sleeves 24 are integrally formed with external threads in the interiors, and the pair of threaded sleeves 24 are respectively threadedly connected to the pair of internal threads 23. The threaded sleeve 24 is threadedly connected to the internal thread 23, so that the threaded sleeve 24 is installed on the rotating rod 21 in a threaded connection manner, and the pair of threaded sleeves 24 are installed at the two ends of the rotating rod 21 in a stable structure. At the same time, since the rotation directions of the internal threads 23 at the two ends of the rotating rod 21 are arranged in opposite ways, when the pair of threaded sleeves 24 are threadedly connected to the internal threads 23, the rotating rod 21 can drive the pair of threaded sleeves 24 to move at the two ends of the rotating rod 21 in a way of approaching or moving away from each other through the forward and reverse rotation, so as to adjust the spacing between the pair of threaded sleeves 24. Since one end of the threaded sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the base column 12, the adjustment of the spacing between the pair of threaded sleeves 24 can realize the adjustment of the spacing of the pin feet. At the same time, the rotating rod 21 drives the pin feet to move in a micron level when rotating, so as to realize the high-precision adjustment of the spacing of the pin feet. Since the pair of pin feet are designed in a non-vertical state relative to the arc-shaped main body 11 according to the installation requirements, the threaded sleeve 24 is connected to the side wall of the base column 12 according to the inclination angle of the pin feet when being fixedly connected to the side wall of the base column 12, and in order to ensure the strength when the arc-shaped main body 11 and the base column 12 are connected together through the threaded sleeve 24, the threaded sleeve 24 is made of stainless steel.

[0049] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 12 , a pair of limiting grooves 26 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting groove 22, a pair of limiting blocks 25 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve 24, and the pair of limiting blocks 25 are respectively slidably connected to the pair of limiting grooves 26. Through the cooperation of the limiting block 25 and the limiting groove 26, the threaded sleeve 24 is stable when moving on the rotating rod 21, and it is ensured that the threaded sleeve 24 will not rotate when moving. At the same time, the limiting groove 26 limits the movement range of the limiting block 25, so as to limit the movement range of the base column 12, and it is ensured that the threaded sleeve 24 will not slip off the rotating rod 21. An energy-absorbing layer 27 is arranged between the inner side wall of the mounting groove 22 and the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve 24, and the energy-absorbing layer 27 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting groove 22. Through the energy-absorbing layer 27, the force between the arc-shaped main body 11 and the pin feet can be buffered when the door-shaped nail is subjected to a force.

[0050] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 11As shown, the driving assembly comprises a first umbrella gear 210 fixedly connected to the side wall at the center of the rotating rod 21, the arc-shaped body 11 is provided with a driving groove 29, and the first umbrella gear 210 is arranged in the driving groove 29. The top of the driving groove 29 is provided with a communication groove 212 which penetrates to the outside of the top of the arc-shaped body 11.

[0051] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, the driving assembly further comprises a rotating rod 213 rotatably connected in the communication groove 212, the bottom of the rotating rod 213 is fixedly connected with a second umbrella gear 211, the second umbrella gear 211 is meshingly connected to the first umbrella gear 210, the inner side wall of the communication groove 212 is provided with a second micro bearing 214, the rotating rod 213 is sleeved in the second micro bearing 214, the upper end of the rotating rod 213 is fixedly connected with a hexagonal groove driving block 215, and the hexagonal groove driving block 215 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the communication groove 212. When the door-shaped nail is installed and the nail leg spacing needs to be adjusted, the hexagonal groove driving block 215 is rotated by a hexagonal wrench, the hexagonal groove driving block 215 can drive the rotating rod 213 to rotate, the rotation of the rotating rod 213 drives the second umbrella gear 211 to rotate, the rotation of the second umbrella gear 211 drives the first umbrella gear 210 to rotate, the rotation of the first umbrella gear 210 can drive the rotating rod 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating rod 21 makes a pair of threaded sleeves 24 move at the end of the rotating rod 21, thereby achieving the adjustment of the nail leg spacing. This design makes the nail leg spacing adjustment convenient and ensures the stability of the structure after the nail leg spacing adjustment, so that the door-shaped nail spacing can be adjusted without affecting the strength.

[0052] As shown in Figures 1-4 The anti-rotor mechanism 3 comprises a pair of communication rods 31 rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the arc-shaped body 11, and the ends away from the arc-shaped body 11 of the pair of communication rods 31 are fixedly connected with wing plates 32. The conventional door-shaped nail mainly provides axial pressure and bending resistance, but is relatively weak in resisting rotation and shear force between fracture ends. Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, the wing plates 32 connected by the pair of communication rods 31 are arranged on the two sides of the arc-shaped body 11, so that when the door-shaped nail is installed, the wing plates 32 are pressed on the outer surface of the bone, so that the bone and the door-shaped nail form a spatial triangular truss under the action of the wing plates 32, thereby converting the rotational force between the fracture ends into pressure / tension force, and dispersing the shear force, thereby solving the technical problem of relatively weak resistance to rotation and shear force between fracture ends. In order to make the effect of the wing plate 32 after installation better, the wing plate 32 is arranged in a shape matching the outer surface of the bone.

[0053] As shown in Figure 4 In combination Figure 8As shown, the bottom of the wing plate 32 is fixedly connected with a plurality of barbs 33 in an array, the plurality of barbs 33 are set to a height of 40-60 μm, and the bottom of the wing plate 32 is provided with a nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer 34 between the plurality of barbs 33 by laser cladding. After the installation of the door-shaped nail, the plurality of barbs 33 are embedded in the bone cortex to disperse the shear force. The nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer 34 can promote the growth of bone cells into the micropores, and the mechanical-biological double locking is formed after the installation of the door-shaped nail for several weeks.

[0054] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4 In combination Figure 6 As shown, the outer side walls on the left and right sides of the arc-shaped body 11 are each provided with an installation cavity 35, a sphere 36 is rotatably connected in the installation cavity 35, the end of the communication rod 31 away from the wing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sphere 36, and a biocompatible silica gel gasket 37 is arranged between the inner side wall of the installation cavity 35 and the outer side wall of the sphere 36, which is used to limit the rotation range of the sphere 36 in the installation cavity 35, so that the rotation range of the sphere 36 in the installation cavity 35 is ±20 degrees. The wing plate 32 is self-adaptive to the bone surface curvature within the set rotation range, so that the self-adaptive of the curved bone during the installation of the door-shaped nail is realized by the combined hinged joint of the sphere 36 and the communication rod 31, and the mechanical locking is formed by the micron-level barbs 33, thereby finally solving the problem of insufficient anti-rotation of the door-shaped nail.

[0055] In use, when the door-shaped nail is installed on the bone, the nail foot spacing needs to be adjusted to adapt to the bone, the operator can drive the rotating rod 21 to rotate through the driving mechanism by rotating the hexagonal groove driving block 215, so that the screw sleeve 24 at both ends can move when the rotating rod 21 rotates, thereby adjusting the nail foot spacing through the movement of the screw sleeve 24, so that the nail foot spacing matches the bone, thereby facilitating the installation of the door-shaped nail; the nail foot is inserted into the installation hole formed on the bone, and under the action of the nail tip 13, the installation of the door-shaped nail is facilitated, when the nail foot is completely installed in the installation hole, the bottom of the wing plate 32 contacts the bone surface, the wing plate 32 is self-adaptive to the bone surface curvature by rotating, and the plurality of barbs 33 are embedded in the bone cortex, so as to strengthen the weak anti-rotation ability of the traditional door-shaped nail into a systematic anti-torsion system through the self-adaptive anti-rotation wing micro-barb bone embedding mechanism and the space triangular truss structure, and completely eliminate the risk of rotation displacement of the fracture end, and the anti-rotation wing mechanism 3 decomposes the shear force into bone integration promoting force and barb anchoring force, thereby solving the problem of lateral instability of the door-shaped nail; the installed door-shaped nail realizes the intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to medium-term elastic conduction by using the variable stiffness arc-shaped body, matches the biomechanical requirements of different stages of fracture healing, and cooperates with the micro-barb structure to guide the directional climbing growth of bone tissue, thereby realizing the dual locking of mechanical fixation and biological fusion.

[0056] It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments and can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No reference signs in the claims should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims to the identity of the reference signs therein.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the description is made on the basis of the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A type of door nail, characterized in that, include: The main body includes an arc-shaped main body, with a pair of base columns installed at both ends of the arc-shaped main body, and nail tips fixedly connected to the lower ends of each pair of base columns; The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating rod and a mounting groove. The mounting groove is opened horizontally through the bow-shaped body. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the mounting groove. The two ends of the rotating rod are respectively provided with nail foot spacing adjustment components between them and the corresponding base columns. A drive component is installed at the center of the rotating rod. The anti-rotor mechanism includes a pair of connecting rods, which are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the bow-shaped main body, respectively. A wing plate is fixedly connected to the end of each connecting rod away from the bow-shaped main body. Multiple barbs are fixedly connected to the bottom of each wing plate in an array, so that after the portal pin is installed, the barbs embed into the bone cortex, dispersing the shear force. An installation cavity is provided on the outer side wall of each of the left and right sides of the bow-shaped main body. A sphere is rotatably connected within the installation cavity. The end of each connecting rod away from the wing plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sphere. A biocompatible silicone gasket is provided between the inner side wall of the installation cavity and the outer side wall of the sphere to limit the rotation range of the sphere within the installation cavity.

2. The door-type nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the center of the bow-shaped main body is provided with an Ω-shaped elastic groove that runs through the front and back. The bow-shaped main body is composed of a variable stiffness composite structure of TC4 titanium alloy and Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer. The TC4 titanium alloy is the main structure, and the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is laser-clad onto the bottom of the main structure.

3. A door-type nail according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base column is made of TC titanium alloy, and the nail tip is set as a conical structure with the bottom as the tip. The nail tip is composed of a porous magnesium alloy frame and a polylactic acid degradation layer. The porous magnesium alloy frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base column, and the polylactic acid degradation layer is laser-fused onto the outer wall of the porous magnesium alloy frame.

4. A door-type nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pair of first miniature bearings are installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove, and the rotating rod is sleeved on the inner wall of the pair of first miniature bearings. The two ends of the rotating rod are flush with the two ends of the mounting groove.

5. A door-type nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin spacing adjustment assembly includes a pair of internal threads and a pair of threaded sleeves. The pair of internal threads are respectively opened at both ends of the rotating rod, and the rotation directions of the pair of internal threads are set in opposite ways. The pair of threaded sleeves are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls on opposite sides of the pair of base columns. Each pair of threaded sleeves has an external thread integrally formed inside, and the pair of threaded sleeves are respectively threaded to the pair of internal threads through the external threads.

6. A door-type nail according to claim 5, characterized in that, A pair of limiting grooves are symmetrically provided on the inner sidewall of the mounting groove, and a pair of limiting blocks are symmetrically provided on the outer sidewall of the threaded sleeve. The pair of limiting blocks are slidably connected in the pair of limiting grooves. An energy-absorbing layer is provided between the inner sidewall of the mounting groove and the outer sidewall of the threaded sleeve. The energy-absorbing layer is fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the mounting groove.

7. A door-type nail according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a first bevel gear, which is fixedly connected to the side wall at the center of the rotating rod. A drive groove is provided inside the bow-shaped body, and the first bevel gear is placed inside the drive groove. A connecting groove is provided at the top of the drive groove in a manner that extends outward from the top of the bow-shaped body.

8. A door-type nail according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive assembly also includes a rotating rod, which is rotatably connected to the communicating groove. A second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating rod, and the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. A second miniature bearing is installed on the inner wall of the communicating groove, and the rotating rod is sleeved in the second miniature bearing. A hexagonal slot drive block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod, and the hexagonal slot drive block is rotatably connected to the upper port of the communicating groove.

9. A door-type nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the multiple barbs is set to 40-60μm, and a layer of nano-hydroxyapatite particles is provided on the bottom of the wing plate between the multiple barbs by laser cladding.

10. A door-type nail according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sphere can rotate within the mounting cavity within a range of ±20 degrees.

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