Automatic monitoring system for contrast agent exosmosis of high-pressure injector

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of contrast agent leakage monitoring, in particular to a high-pressure injector contrast agent leakage automatic monitoring system which comprises a microcontroller, a pressure detection module, a communication module and an execution module. The pressure detection module, the communication module and the communication module are connected with the microcontroller; the pressure detection module is used for detecting a puncture part pressure signal in real time and converting the pressure signal into a digital signal; the communication module is used for performing data interaction with a high-pressure injector or a mobile terminal; the execution module is used for cutting off an injection pipeline or triggering sudden stop; when the pressure value output by the pressure detection module is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, it is judged that contrast agent exosmosis exists; and the microcontroller controls the execution module to start emergency response, and sends an injection stop instruction or an emergency stop signal to the high-pressure injector through the communication module. The high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation pressure signal detection device has the advantages that high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation pressure signals are filtered through the analog hardware, converted through the A / D converter and filtered through the digital domain multi-stage algorithm in sequence, and the accuracy of pressure data is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of contrast agent leakage monitoring, in particular to an automatic monitoring system for contrast agent extravasation of a high-pressure injector. Background Art

[0002] In medical practice, high-pressure injectors are widely used in procedures such as CT-enhanced angiography, cardiovascular angiography, and MRI-enhanced scanning. These procedures require the rapid and accurate injection of large amounts of contrast media into the patient's body within a short period of time to provide diagnostic imaging of lesions. However, due to the high injection pressure and rapid flow rate, contrast media can sometimes leak. Leakage of contrast media outside of blood vessels can cause severe irritation to surrounding tissues, leading to skin redness, swelling, pain, numbness, and, in severe cases, tissue ulceration, necrosis, and joint dysfunction.

[0003] Several monitoring devices have been developed to address contrast agent leakage. For example, these devices employ an external balloon and a bandage secured to the puncture site, generating an alarm by monitoring changes in balloon pressure. However, these devices have drawbacks such as high operational requirements, low reliability, and loosening of the balloon and bandage over time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide an automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast agents in high-pressure injectors, which uses hardware and digital signal processing algorithms to perform dual processing on the pressure signal through the pressure detection module, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the pressure data.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution created by the present invention is implemented as follows: a high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation automatic monitoring system is used for data exchange with an external high-pressure injector or mobile terminal, including: a microcontroller, a pressure detection module, a communication module and an execution module; the microcontroller serves as the system main control unit, and the pressure detection module, the communication module and the execution module are connected to the microcontroller; the pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure signal of the puncture site in real time and convert it into a digital signal; the pressure detection module includes a pressure sensor, a pressure signal processing circuit and an A / D converter; the pressure sensor converts the detected pressure signal into an analog signal, and the analog signal is amplified and filtered by the pressure signal processing circuit and then processed by the pressure sensor. The A / D converter converts the signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the microcontroller; the communication module is used to exchange data with the high-pressure injector or mobile terminal; the execution module is used to cut off the injection line or trigger an emergency stop; the execution module includes a solenoid valve, an emergency stop signal output interface and an audible and visual alarm; the solenoid valve is used to cut off the injection line of the high-pressure injector; the emergency stop signal output interface is used to output an emergency stop signal; the audible and visual alarm is used to issue an alarm signal; when the pressure value output by the pressure detection module is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the microcontroller determines that it is contrast agent extravasation; the microcontroller controls the execution module to initiate an emergency response, sends a stop injection instruction or an emergency stop signal to the high-pressure injector through the communication module, and / or pushes an alarm message to the mobile terminal.

[0006] Furthermore, the pressure signal processing circuit includes a differential amplifier circuit, a secondary amplifier circuit, an industrial frequency filter circuit and a low-pass filter circuit; the differential amplifier circuit performs primary amplification on the analog signal output by the pressure sensor; the secondary amplifier circuit amplifies the analog signal after the primary amplification to a preset voltage range; the analog signal after the secondary amplification passes through the industrial frequency filter circuit in turn to filter out industrial frequency interference, and then passes through the low-pass filter circuit to filter out high-frequency noise; the conditioned analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter and transmitted to the microcontroller.

[0007] Furthermore, the microcontroller sequentially performs pulse interference prevention filtering, annular sliding window filtering and mean filtering on the input digital signal; the pulse interference prevention filtering is used to eliminate transient interference signals; the annular sliding window filtering is used to achieve local data smoothing processing; and the mean filtering is used to output the pressure value.

[0008] Furthermore, in the process of the microcontroller performing anti-pulse interference filtering on the input digital signal: Calculate the arithmetic mean of multiple consecutive sampling values ​​​​Y(k) ; Compare any sample value Y(k) with the arithmetic mean If any sample value Y(k) satisfies , then use Replace the value of Y(k) if s is less than or equal to 8, otherwise keep the original sampling value Y(k).

[0009] Further, after completing the anti-pulse interference filtering, the microcontroller performs a ring sliding window filtering, and the expression of the ring sliding window filtering is ; wherein, is the i th data after anti-pulse interference filtering; is the t th data to be filtered;N is the length of the ring sliding window.

[0010] Further, the data after the ring sliding window filtering is subjected to mean filtering to obtain a pressure value: ; wherein, is the i th data after the ring sliding window filtering, n is the number of data acquisition, is the pressure value after mean filtering.

[0011] Further, the communication module includes a WiFi module, a network port, a Bluetooth module and a serial communication interface;The WiFi module initially works in an AP mode, the WiFi module is built-inly connected with a hotspot name and a password, and supports modifying the hotspot name and the password after being connected through a mobile terminal APP;The modified hotspot name and password take effect after being reset by the high-pressure syringe contrast medium exosmosis automatic monitoring system;The WiFi module is configured to perform the following network parameter settings: setting the IP address, port number and gateway of the network port;Configuring the authentication parameters and communication rate of the Bluetooth module;Setting the baud rate, data bits and check mode of the serial communication interface.

[0012] Further, the communication module supports any one of the following data transmission modes: transmission through the network port in the TCP / IP protocol;Transmission through the Bluetooth module in the pairing connection mode;Transmission through the serial communication interface in the asynchronous serial protocol.

[0013] Further, the high-pressure syringe contrast medium exosmosis automatic monitoring system supports an independent working mode: when the high-pressure syringe is not connected, if the pressure value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to a preset time, the microcontroller controls the electromagnetic valve to cut off the injection pipeline;When the high-pressure syringe is connected, the microcontroller sends a stop instruction through the communication module or triggers an emergency stop through the emergency stop signal output interface.

[0014] Further, the microcontroller synchronously performs the following operations when detecting exosmosis: starting the audible and visual alarm;Pushing alarm information to the mobile terminal through the communication module.

[0015] The application can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) High-pressure syringe contrast agent exosmosis pressure signal is filtered in sequence by analog hardware (power frequency / low pass), converted by 32-bit A / D converter and filtered by multi-stage algorithm in digital domain (anti-pulse interference+ring sliding window+mean filter), so that high-precision monitoring is realized with anti-interference and real-time (50ms refresh) taken into account, and the accuracy of pressure data is ensured.

[0016] 2) Through interactive hotspot management of the AP mode of WiFi and the mobile terminal, plug-and-play and dynamic security reinforcement are realized without configuration. The redundant design of multi-protocol transmission channels (network port, Bluetooth module and serial communication interface) ensures the communication reliability in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0017] 3) The application realizes autonomous monitoring and emergency processing of high-pressure syringe contrast agent exosmosis, and supports three working modes: Independent system mode: running as an independent monitoring device; Communication linkage mode: interacting with the high-pressure syringe control system through a communication module (such as TCP / IP, Bluetooth); Hardware emergency stop mode: directly connecting the emergency stop switch circuit of the high-pressure syringe through the emergency stop signal output interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are intended to provide further understanding of the application and are incorporated herein for a purpose of explanations. The schematic embodiments of the application and their descriptions are used to explain the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the application. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a high-pressure syringe contrast agent exosmosis automatic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the application; Fig. 2 is a block schematic diagram of a pressure detection module according to an embodiment of the application.

[0019] The reference signs include: 1, microcontroller; 2, pressure detection module; 21, pressure sensor; 22, pressure signal processing circuit; 23, A / D converter; 3, communication module; 4, execution module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application clearer and more apparent, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and do not constitute a limitation on the application.

[0021] It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second" and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast agents from a high-pressure injector, which is used for data interaction with an external high-pressure injector or mobile terminal, and includes: a microcontroller 1, a pressure detection module 2, a communication module 3, and an execution module 4. The microcontroller 1 serves as the main control unit of the system, and the pressure detection module 2, the communication module 3, and the execution module 4 are connected to the microcontroller 1. The pressure detection module 2 is used to detect the pressure signal at the puncture site in real time and convert it into a digital signal. The communication module 3 is used to interact with data with a high-pressure injector or a mobile terminal. The execution module 4 is used to cut off the injection line or trigger an emergency stop.

[0026] The pressure detection module 2 includes a pressure sensor 21, a pressure signal processing circuit 22, and a 32-bit A / D converter 23. The pressure sensor 21 converts the detected pressure signal into an analog signal, which is then amplified and filtered by the pressure signal processing circuit 22 and then converted into a digital signal by the 32-bit A / D converter 23.

[0027] The pressure signal processing circuit 22 comprises a differential amplification circuit, a secondary amplification circuit, a power frequency filtering circuit and a low-pass filtering circuit. The differential amplification circuit performs primary amplification on the analog signal output by the pressure sensor 21. The secondary amplification circuit amplifies the analog signal after primary amplification to a preset voltage range (0-5V). The analog signal after secondary amplification is sequentially filtered to remove power frequency interference by the power frequency filtering circuit, and then filtered to remove high-frequency noise by the low-pass filtering circuit. The conditioned analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the 32-bit A / D converter 23 and transmitted to the microcontroller 1.

[0028] In the present embodiment, the 32-bit A / D converter 23 adopts an AD7177 chip, the reference voltage of which is selected to be an internal 2.5V reference source, the working mode is configured to be noiseless resolution 20.2 bits, and the sampling rate is set to be 2.5kSPS. The microcontroller 1 performs 100 times of sliding average filtering on the raw data output by the AD7177, and the refresh period of the final pressure value is 50ms.

[0029] The microcontroller 1 sequentially performs three levels of digital filtering processing on the digital signal input by the 32-bit A / D converter 23. First, abnormal data points are eliminated by anti-pulse interference filtering, then data smoothing is realized by ring sliding window filtering, and finally a stable pressure value is output by mean filtering.

[0030] Specifically, in the process of anti-pulse interference filtering performed by the microcontroller 1 on the input digital signal: the arithmetic mean of a plurality of (in the present embodiment, specifically 100) sampling values Y(k) is calculated .

[0031] Each sampling value Y(k) is compared with the arithmetic mean. If any sampling value Y(k) satisfies , then the value of Y(k) is replaced by , otherwise the original sampling value Y(k) is retained. Wherein, s is less than or equal to 8. In the present embodiment, s=5.

[0032] After completing the anti-pulse interference filtering, the microcontroller 1 performs ring sliding window filtering, and the expression of the ring sliding window filtering is: ; wherein, is the i-th data after anti-pulse interference filtering; is the t-th data to be filtered; N is the length of the ring sliding window. In the present embodiment, N=5.

[0033] The data after ring sliding window filtering is subjected to mean filtering to obtain the pressure value: ; wherein, For the i-th data filtered by the ring sliding window, n is the number of data acquisition, For the pressure value filtered by the mean value.

[0034] The high-pressure injector contrast medium extravasation pressure signal is sequentially filtered by analog hardware (power frequency / low pass), converted by a 32-bit A / D converter, and filtered by a multi-stage algorithm in the digital domain (anti-pulse interference+ring sliding window+mean value filtering), realizing high-precision monitoring with anti-interference and real-time (50ms refresh) consideration. The accuracy of the pressure data is ensured.

[0035] The communication module 3 includes a WiFi module, a network port, a Bluetooth module, and a serial communication interface. The WiFi module initially works in AP (Access Point) mode, the WiFi module has a built-in connection hotspot name and password, and supports modifying the connection hotspot name and password after connecting through the mobile APP. The modified hotspot name and password takes effect after the high-pressure injector contrast medium extravasation automatic monitoring system is reset.

[0036] The WiFi module is configured to perform the following network parameter settings: set the IP address, port number and gateway of the network port; configure the authentication parameters and communication rate of the Bluetooth module; set the baud rate, data bits and check mode of the serial communication interface.

[0037] The communication module 3 supports the following any one of the extravasation data transmission methods: transmission through the network port by TCP / IP protocol; transmission through the Bluetooth module by pairing connection; transmission through the serial communication interface by asynchronous serial protocol.

[0038] It should be noted that the WiFi module, network port, Bluetooth module and serial communication interface described above have no essential difference from the WiFi module, network port, Bluetooth module and serial communication interface of the prior art, and their structures and principles are similar. No detailed description is given here.

[0039] The interactive hotspot management of the WiFi AP mode and the mobile APP realizes plug-and-play and dynamic security reinforcement. The redundant design of the multi-protocol transmission channel (network port, Bluetooth module and serial communication interface) ensures the communication reliability in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0040] The execution module 4 includes a solenoid valve, an emergency stop signal output interface, and an audible and visual alarm. When the pressure value output by the pressure detection module 2 is greater than or equal to the preset threshold (‌350psi), it is determined that the contrast medium extravasates. The microcontroller 1 controls the execution module 4 to start the emergency response, sends a stop injection instruction or an emergency stop signal to the high-pressure injector through the communication module 3, and / or pushes the alarm information to the mobile terminal.

[0041] Specifically, when the microcontroller 1 detects extravasation, it starts the audible and visual alarm and pushes the alarm information to the mobile terminal APP through the WiFi module or the Bluetooth module.

[0042] The high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation automatic monitoring system supports an independent working mode: when the high-pressure injector is not connected, if the pressure value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value and the duration is greater than or equal to the preset time, the microcontroller 1 controls the electromagnetic valve to directly cut off the injection pipeline of the high-pressure injector. When the high-pressure injector is connected, the communication module 3 sends a stop command or the emergency stop signal output interface triggers an emergency stop.

[0043] The working process of the high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation automatic monitoring system will be described below in combination with the drawings: The pressure sensor 21 is fixed at the puncture site through a bandage. The pressure sensor 21 converts the detected pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the pressure signal processing circuit 22. The pressure signal processing circuit 22 amplifies and filters the analog signal, and then converts it into a digital signal by the 32-bit A / D converter 23 and transmits it to the microcontroller 1. The microcontroller 1 performs anti-pulse interference filtering, ring sliding window filtering, and mean filtering on the digital signal input by the A / D converter in turn, and finally outputs a stable pressure value through mean filtering. When the pressure value is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold value of 350 psi, the microcontroller 1 controls the electromagnetic valve to cut off the injection pipeline of the high-pressure injector, and sends an audible and visual alarm signal through the audible and visual alarm to prompt the staff that contrast agent extravasation has occurred. At the same time, the microcontroller 1 sends a stop injection command or an emergency stop signal control command to the high-pressure injector through the communication module 3, and outputs an emergency stop signal through the emergency stop signal output interface.

[0044] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation automatic monitoring system for data exchange with an external high-pressure injector or mobile terminal, characterized in that: include: Microcontroller, pressure detection module, communication module and execution module; the microcontroller serves as the system main control unit, and the pressure detection module, communication module and execution module are connected to the microcontroller; The pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure signal at the puncture site in real time and convert it into a digital signal; the pressure detection module includes a pressure sensor, a pressure signal processing circuit and an A / D converter; the pressure sensor converts the detected pressure signal into an analog signal, the analog signal is amplified and filtered by the pressure signal processing circuit, and then converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter and transmitted to the microcontroller; The communication module is used to exchange data with the high-pressure injector or the mobile terminal; The execution module is used to cut off the injection line or trigger an emergency stop; the execution module includes a solenoid valve, an emergency stop signal output interface and an audible and visual alarm; the solenoid valve is used to cut off the injection line of the high-pressure injector; the emergency stop signal output interface is used to output an emergency stop signal; the audible and visual alarm is used to send an alarm signal; When the pressure value output by the pressure detection module is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the microcontroller determines that it is contrast agent extravasation; the microcontroller controls the execution module to initiate an emergency response, sends a stop injection instruction or an emergency stop signal to the high-pressure injector through the communication module, and / or pushes an alarm message to the mobile terminal.

2. The automatic monitoring system for high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure signal processing circuit includes a differential amplifier circuit, a secondary amplifier circuit, a power frequency filter circuit and a low-pass filter circuit; The differential amplifier circuit performs primary amplification on the analog signal output by the pressure sensor; the secondary amplifier circuit amplifies the analog signal after primary amplification to a preset voltage range; The analog signal after the secondary amplification passes through the power frequency filter circuit to filter out power frequency interference, and then passes through the low-pass filter circuit to filter out high-frequency noise; The conditioned analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter and transmitted to the microcontroller.

3. The automatic monitoring system for high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microcontroller sequentially performs pulse interference prevention filtering, annular sliding window filtering and mean filtering on the input digital signal; the pulse interference prevention filtering is used to eliminate transient interference signals; the annular sliding window filtering is used to achieve local data smoothing processing; and the mean filtering is used to output the pressure value.

4. The automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast media from a high-pressure injector according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the process of the microcontroller performing anti-pulse interference filtering on the input digital signal: Calculate the arithmetic mean of multiple consecutive sampling values ​​Y(k) ; Compare any sample value Y(k) with the arithmetic mean If any sample value Y(k) satisfies , then use Replace the value of Y(k), otherwise retain the original sample value Y(k); where s is less than or equal to 8.

5. The automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast media from a high-pressure injector according to claim 4, characterized in that: After completing the anti-pulse interference filtering, the microcontroller performs annular sliding window filtering. The expression of the annular sliding window filtering is: ； in, is the data after the i-th pulse interference prevention filtering; is the tth data to be filtered; N is the length of the annular sliding window.

6. The automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast media from a high-pressure injector according to claim 5, characterized in that: Perform mean filtering on the data filtered by the annular sliding window to obtain the pressure value: ； in, is the i-th data after filtering by the circular sliding window, n is the number of data collection, is the pressure value after mean filtering.

7. The automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast media from a high-pressure injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module includes a WiFi module, an Ethernet port, a Bluetooth module, and a serial communication interface; the WiFi module initially operates in AP mode, has a built-in hotspot name and password, and supports modification of the hotspot name and password after connection via a mobile app; the modified hotspot name and password take effect after being reset by the high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation automatic monitoring system; The WiFi module is configured to perform the following network parameter settings: Set the IP address, port number and gateway of the network port; Configure the Bluetooth module's authentication parameters and communication rate; Set the baud rate, data bits and parity mode of the serial communication interface.

8. The automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast media from a high-pressure injector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The communication module supports any of the following data transmission methods: Transmitted via the network port using TCP / IP protocol; Transmitted via Bluetooth module in pairing connection mode; Transmitted via the serial communication interface using an asynchronous serial protocol.

9. The automatic monitoring system for extravasation of contrast media from a high-pressure injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation automatic monitoring system supports independent working mode: When the high-pressure injector is not connected, if the pressure value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold and the duration is greater than or equal to a preset time, the microcontroller controls the solenoid valve to cut off the injection line; When a high-pressure injector is connected, the microcontroller sends a stop instruction through the communication module or triggers an emergency stop through the emergency stop signal output interface.

10. The automatic monitoring system for high-pressure injector contrast agent extravasation according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the microcontroller detects extravasation, it synchronously performs the following operations: starts the sound and light alarm; and pushes the alarm information to the mobile terminal through the communication module.

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