Waste gas treatment device and method for precious metal purification

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precious metal purification. The waste gas treatment device comprises a metal reaction chamber, an absorption cavity, a gas crushing assembly, a spraying assembly and a gas suction assembly, the metal reaction chamber is of a vertical cylindrical structure and is used for purification reaction of precious metal; the absorption cavity is coaxially nested in the metal reaction chamber and is used for absorbing waste gas generated in the metal reaction chamber; the gas crushing assembly is arranged at the upper part of the absorption cavity and is used for crushing massive waste gas, the spraying assembly is arranged at the lower part of the absorption cavity and is used for spraying the waste gas, the absorption cavity is separated from the bottom of the metal reaction chamber through a bottom plate, and a communicating hole is formed in the bottom plate, so that the absorption cavity is communicated with the lower space of the metal reaction chamber; and an annular waste gas flowing space is formed between the absorption cavity and the inner wall of the metal reaction chamber. The problem that waste gas generated during purification of precious metal is difficult to treat is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precious metal purification, and more particularly to a waste gas treatment device and method for precious metal purification. Background Art

[0002] At present, precious metals (such as gold, silver, platinum group metals, etc.) have irreplaceable application value in the fields of electronics, chemical industry, medical treatment and new energy due to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, precious metals are often found in trace amounts in ores, electronic waste or industrial waste. Their purification process usually involves complex physical and chemical separation steps, and it is necessary to overcome technical bottlenecks such as low resource utilization, high energy consumption and environmental pollution. In the existing technology, the purification of precious metals mainly relies on chemical leaching (such as cyanidation), solvent extraction, electrolytic refining and other methods.

[0003] The related technology reference patent number is a Chinese patent CN110863116B, which discloses a precious metal platinum purification device, which includes a stirring cup, a positioning card arranged on the inner side of the stirring cup, a baffle placed on the positioning card, a perforation provided on the baffle, an agitator provided on the baffle, a heating device connected to the stirring cup, a filter plate provided at the bottom of the stirring cup, a liquid outlet pipe provided at the bottom of the stirring cup, a regulating control valve provided on the liquid outlet pipe, a sedimentation tank provided below the stirring cup, a chute provided on the sedimentation tank, a protective plate provided on the sedimentation tank, a liquid inlet hole provided on the protective plate, a sampling hole provided on the protective plate, and a groove provided on the sedimentation tank.

[0004] In the above-mentioned related technologies, the waste gas containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), acidic gases (such as HCl, SO2) and heavy metal particles generated during the purification process, if traditional adsorption (such as activated carbon) or alkaline solution washing method is used, is prone to problems such as frequent adsorbent regeneration and incomplete neutralization reaction, resulting in waste gas emissions that do not meet standards and a high risk of secondary pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the waste gas generated by the purification of precious metals is difficult to treat. In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a waste gas treatment device and method for precious metal purification are provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] on the one hand

[0008] A waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification, comprising a metal reaction chamber, an absorption chamber, a gas fragmentation assembly, a spray assembly, and an air suction assembly; the metal reaction chamber is a vertical cylindrical structure, and is used for precious metal purification reaction; the absorption chamber is coaxially nested inside the metal reaction chamber, and is used to absorb waste gas generated in the metal reaction chamber;

[0009] The gas breaking component is arranged at the upper part of the absorption chamber, and is used to break up large groups of exhaust gas;

[0010] The spray assembly is arranged at the lower part of the absorption chamber, and is used to spray the exhaust gas; a partition plate is provided on the top of the absorption chamber, and a connecting hole is opened on the partition plate. The air suction assembly transfers the exhaust gas in the metal reaction chamber to the absorption chamber through the connecting hole; an annular exhaust gas flow space is formed between the absorption chamber and the inner wall of the metal reaction chamber.

[0011] This technical solution utilizes a vertical cylindrical metal reaction chamber with a coaxially nested absorption chamber within it, creating an annular exhaust gas flow space between them. Exhaust gas is extracted through the connecting holes in the partition plate by an intake assembly, while the gas fragmentation assembly and spray assembly work together to treat the exhaust gas. Exhaust gas is drawn in from the upper center of the metal reaction chamber, flowing along the annular space, upward through the connecting holes into the absorption chamber, and then through the gas fragmentation assembly to the spray assembly. The annular space extends exhaust gas residence time, while multi-stage treatment improves purification efficiency. The nested structure saves space and is suitable for the high-temperature and high-pressure environments of precious metal purification.

[0012] Preferably, the gas-breaking assembly includes a ring-arranged gas-breaking pipe, and an optionally rotatable spiral blade assembly is coaxially sleeved on the gas-breaking pipe. The spiral blade assembly includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of spiral blades spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft; both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the gas-breaking pipe through bearings, and the edges of the spiral blades are provided with serrated notches.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotational power of the spiral blades is derived from the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow: when the air intake assembly directs the exhaust gas from the metal reaction chamber into the upper part of the absorption chamber, the exhaust gas first enters the annular gap between the gas pipe and the spiral blade assembly, that is, the space between the outer wall of the gas pipe and the inner wall of the absorption chamber. During the upward flow of the exhaust gas, part of the airflow enters the gas pipe through the serrated notch of the spiral blade, impacting the windward surface of the spiral blade, generating tangential thrust, and driving the spiral blade to rotate clockwise around the rotation axis. As the spiral blade rotates, the gap between its outer edge and the inner wall of the gas pipe forms a shear zone, cutting large clumps of exhaust gas into small particles. The spiral blade and the serrated notch cut and break up large clumps of exhaust gas, forming small bubbles. Passive rotation does not require additional power, increases the contact area between the exhaust gas and the reaction liquid, improves absorption efficiency, and has a simple and reliable structure with low maintenance costs.

[0014] Preferably, the broken air pipe is a double-layer coaxial structure, including an upper broken air pipe and a lower broken air pipe, the spiral direction of the upper broken air pipe is opposite to that of the lower broken air pipe, and the pitch of the upper broken air pipe is greater than the pitch of the lower broken air pipe.

[0015] By adopting this technical solution, the shearing action of the inner and outer layers of counter-rotating spiral blades enhances the efficiency of breaking up large clumps of exhaust gas. Turbulence forms between the two layers of exhaust pipes. The large pitch of the outer layer guides the macroscopic flow, while the small pitch of the inner layer enhances microscopic disturbances. This multi-angle and multi-level fragmentation of exhaust gas promotes gas-liquid mixing, increasing reaction rates and adapting to the treatment of exhaust gases of varying flow rates and compositions.

[0016] Preferably, the spray assembly includes a spirally wound spray pipe, the outer circumference of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the absorption chamber; a plurality of retractable spray heads are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner circumference of the spray pipe, each of the spray heads includes a main pipe connected to the spray pipe and a sliding sleeve sleeve mounted outside the main pipe, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve slides with the outer wall of the main pipe, a conical spray hole is provided at the front end of the sliding sleeve, and an elastic piston is provided at the front end of the main pipe; the sliding sleeve can slide axially on the main pipe, and the sliding sleeve is used to adjust the opening angle of the conical spray hole; the inlet end of the spray pipe is connected to a reaction liquid circulation component, and the outlet end of the spray pipe is closed.

[0017] By adopting this technical solution, the opening angle of the tapered spray holes can be adjusted by pushing the sliding sleeve axially along the main pipe, thereby varying the spray coverage. The retractable spray heads are evenly distributed around the inner perimeter of the spray pipe. They consist of a main pipe, a sliding sleeve, and an elastic piston. The sliding sleeve has a tapered spray hole at its front end. Pushing the sliding sleeve changes the opening angle of the tapered spray holes, and an elastic clip engages with a positioning groove to lock them in place. The spray range is dynamically adjusted based on exhaust gas concentration and flow rate, improving reaction liquid utilization, avoiding blind spots, and adapting to diverse operating conditions.

[0018] Preferably, the spray assembly also includes an auxiliary spray pipe coaxially arranged with the spray pipe, the auxiliary spray pipe is located above the spray pipe, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner circumference of the auxiliary spray pipe, and the atomizing nozzles are connected to the spray pipe through a capillary.

[0019] By adopting this technical solution, the atomizing nozzle sprays a fine mist of reaction liquid, which forms a layered washing process with the main spray liquid from the spray pipe. The reaction liquid enters the atomizing nozzle through the capillary tube to form droplets, which work together with the spray liquid below to treat the exhaust gas. The droplets increase the gas-liquid contact area, improving absorption efficiency. The combined treatment adapts to pollutants of different particle sizes and reduces energy consumption.

[0020] Preferably, a positioning groove is provided on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve of the spray head, and an elastic buckle is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the spray pipe corresponding to the positioning groove, and the elastic buckle is engaged with the positioning groove.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, after adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve, the elastic clip is locked into the positioning groove, and the sliding sleeve can be fixed at any adjustment position to lock the spray angle, ensure the stability of the spray angle, cope with airflow impact and vibration, improve reliability, and simplify the operation process.

[0022] Preferably, the air intake assembly includes an induced draft fan and an absorption pipe, the end of the absorption pipe passes through the top wall of the metal reaction chamber and extends to the upper and middle part of the metal reaction chamber, and two branch pipes are provided on the absorption pipe, which pass through the bottom and the connecting hole of the absorption chamber respectively, and the induced draft fan is installed on the pipe section at the end of the absorption pipe.

[0023] By adopting this technical solution, negative pressure simultaneously extracts waste gas from the middle and upper sections of the metal reaction chamber and diverts it to the lower section of the absorption chamber through two branch pipes, achieving uniform waste gas distribution. The induced draft fan provides power, allowing waste gas to enter the absorption chamber through the branch pipes, while the bottom branch pipe replenishes fresh air. This creates a stable airflow path, with sampling in the middle and upper sections ensuring representative waste gas, and replenishing air at the bottom to optimize reaction conditions and improve treatment efficiency.

[0024] Preferably, the reaction liquid circulation component includes a circulation pipe, a liquid storage tank and a circulation tank. The circulation pipe connects the absorption chamber, the liquid storage tank and the circulation tank. The spray pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank and the circulation tank. Pumps are provided at the ends of the circulation pipe and the spray pipe.

[0025] By adopting this technical solution, a pump drives the reaction liquid to circulate, and waste liquid from the absorption chamber flows into a liquid storage tank. After treatment, it returns to the spray pipe through the circulation tank. This allows the reaction liquid to be reused, reducing operating costs. The liquid storage tank facilitates the addition of reagents and monitoring, and the circulation tank ensures stable spray pressure.

[0026] on the other hand

[0027] A method for treating waste gas for precious metal purification comprises the following steps:

[0028] The induced draft fan generates negative pressure in the upper part of the metal reaction chamber to extract the waste gas generated by the precious metal purification reaction;

[0029] guiding the exhaust gas to flow upward along the annular exhaust gas flow space between the metal reaction chamber and the coaxially nested absorption chamber;

[0030] The exhaust gas passes through the connecting hole of the partition plate at the top of the absorption chamber and enters the absorption chamber;

[0031] The kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow is used to drive the spiral blade assembly on the broken gas pipe to rotate;

[0032] The exhaust gas is cut into micro bubbles by the serrated notches of the spiral blades and the shearing action of the double-layer reverse spiral blades;

[0033] The reaction liquid is sprayed through a retractable spray head in the lower layer of the absorption chamber, and the sliding sleeve is axially adjusted to change the coverage of the conical spray hole according to the exhaust gas concentration / flow rate;

[0034] In the upper layer, the exhaust gas is sprayed with atomizing nozzles to form layered washing;

[0035] The reaction liquid after spraying is collected and pumped back to the spray pipe and auxiliary spray pipe through the liquid storage tank and circulation tank for reuse.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] 1. By installing a gas fragmentation component at the top of the absorption chamber and a spray component at the bottom of the absorption chamber, a vertical cylindrical metal reaction chamber is adopted, and the absorption chamber is coaxially nested inside, forming an annular exhaust gas flow space between the two. The exhaust gas is extracted through the connecting hole of the partition plate by the suction component, and the gas fragmentation component and the spray component work together to treat the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is sucked in from the upper part of the metal reaction chamber, flows along the annular space, and enters the absorption chamber upward through the connecting hole, first passing through the gas fragmentation component and then to the spray component. The annular space prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas, the multi-stage treatment improves the purification efficiency, and the nested structure saves space, adapting to the high temperature and high pressure environment of precious metal purification;

[0038] 2. By setting up an air-breaking component, the rotational power of the spiral blades comes from the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow: when the air intake component guides the exhaust gas in the metal reaction chamber into the upper part of the absorption chamber, the exhaust gas first enters the annular gap between the air-breaking pipe and the spiral blade component, that is, the space between the outer wall of the air-breaking pipe and the inner wall of the absorption chamber; during the upward flow of the exhaust gas, part of the air flow enters the interior of the air-breaking pipe through the serrated notch of the spiral blade, impacting the windward side of the spiral blade, generating tangential thrust, and pushing the spiral blade to rotate clockwise around the rotation axis; when the spiral blade rotates, the gap between its outer edge and the inner wall of the air-breaking pipe forms a shear zone, cutting large clumps of exhaust gas into small particles; the spiral blades and the serrated notch cut and break up large clumps of exhaust gas to form small bubbles. Passive rotation does not require additional power, increases the contact area between the exhaust gas and the reaction liquid, improves the absorption efficiency, has a simple and reliable structure, and low maintenance costs;

[0039] 3. The spray assembly is designed to adjust the opening angle of the tapered spray holes by pushing a sliding sleeve axially along the main pipe, thereby varying the spray coverage. The spirally wound spray pipe features evenly distributed retractable spray heads, which consist of a main pipe, sliding sleeve, and elastic piston. The sliding sleeve has a tapered spray hole at its tip. Pushing the sliding sleeve changes the opening angle of the tapered spray holes, and an elastic clip locks the position with a positioning groove. The spray range is dynamically adjusted based on exhaust gas concentration and flow rate, improving reaction liquid utilization, avoiding blind spots, and adapting to varying operating conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive efforts.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the absorption chamber in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shower head according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the shower head according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Metal reaction chamber; 2. Absorption chamber; 21. Partition plate; 22. Connecting hole; 3. Gas breaking assembly; 31. Gas breaking pipe; 311. Lower gas breaking pipe; 312. Upper gas breaking pipe; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Spiral blade; 34. Serrated notch; 4. Spray assembly; 41. Spray pipe; 42. Spray head; 43. Main pipe; 431. Elastic piston; 44. Sliding sleeve; 45. Conical spray hole; 46. Auxiliary spray pipe; 47. Atomizing nozzle; 48. Positioning groove; 49. Elastic buckle; 5. Suction assembly; 51. Draft fan; 52. Absorption pipe; 53. Branch pipe; 6. Reaction liquid circulation assembly; 61. Circulation pipe; 62. Liquid storage tank; 63. Circulation tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the following will be a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 3As shown, a waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification includes a metal reaction chamber 1, an absorption chamber 2, a gas fragmentation component 3, a spray component 4, an air suction component 5, and a reaction liquid circulation component 6; the metal reaction chamber 1 is a vertical cylindrical structure, and the metal reaction chamber 1 is used for the purification reaction of precious metals; the absorption chamber 2 is coaxially nested inside the metal reaction chamber 1, and the absorption chamber 2 is used to absorb the waste gas generated in the metal reaction chamber 1;

[0049] The system utilizes a vertical cylindrical metal reaction chamber 1, with an absorption chamber 2 coaxially nested within it, forming an annular exhaust gas flow space between them. Exhaust gas is extracted through the connecting hole 22 of the partition plate 21 by an air intake assembly 5, while the gas fragmentation assembly 3 and the spray assembly 4 work together to treat the exhaust gas. Exhaust gas is drawn in from the upper center of the metal reaction chamber 1, flowing along the annular space, upward through the connecting hole 22 into the absorption chamber 2, and then through the gas fragmentation assembly 3 to the spray assembly 4. The annular space extends exhaust gas residence time, while multi-stage treatment improves purification efficiency. The nested structure saves space and is suitable for the high-temperature and high-pressure environments of precious metal purification.

[0050] The gas breaking assembly 3 is arranged at the upper part of the absorption chamber 2, and the gas breaking assembly 3 is used to break up large clumps of exhaust gas; the gas breaking assembly 3 includes a ring-shaped gas breaking pipe 31, and the gas breaking pipe 31 is coaxially sleeved with an optionally rotatable spiral blade 33 assembly, and the spiral blade 33 assembly includes a rotating shaft 32 and a plurality of spiral blades 33 spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 32; both ends of the rotating shaft 32 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the gas breaking pipe 31 through bearings, and the edges of the spiral blades 33 are provided with serrated notches 34.

[0051] The rotational power of spiral blade 33 is derived from the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow: when the air intake assembly 5 directs the exhaust gas from the metal reaction chamber 1 into the upper portion of the absorption chamber 2, the exhaust gas first enters the annular gap between the gas-crushing pipe 31 and the spiral blade 33 assembly—that is, the space between the outer wall of the gas-crushing pipe 31 and the inner wall of the absorption chamber 2. As the exhaust gas flows upward, a portion of the air flows through the serrated notches of spiral blade 33 and enters the interior of the gas-crushing pipe 31, impacting the windward surface of spiral blade 33, generating tangential thrust that propels spiral blade 33 clockwise around rotation axis 32. As spiral blade 33 rotates, the gap between its outer edge and the inner wall of the gas-crushing pipe 31 forms a shear zone, cutting large clumps of exhaust gas into small particles. The spiral blade 33 and the serrated notches cut and break up large clumps of exhaust gas, forming small bubbles. This passive rotation requires no additional power, increases the contact area between the exhaust gas and the reaction liquid, and improves absorption efficiency. It features a simple, reliable structure and low maintenance costs.

[0052] The gas pipe 31 is a double-layer coaxial structure, including an upper gas pipe 31231 and a lower gas pipe 31131 . The spiral directions of the upper gas pipe 31231 and the lower gas pipe 31131 are opposite, and the pitch of the upper gas pipe 31231 is greater than the pitch of the lower gas pipe 31131 .

[0053] The shearing action of the inner and outer layers of counter-rotating spiral blades 33 enhances the efficiency of breaking up large clumps of exhaust gas. Turbulent flow forms between the double-layered gas fragmentation tubes 31. The large pitch of the outer layer guides the macroscopic flow, while the small pitch of the inner layer enhances microscopic disturbances. This multi-angle and multi-level fragmentation of exhaust gas promotes gas-liquid mixing, increasing reaction rates and adapting to the treatment of exhaust gases of varying flow rates and compositions.

[0054] The spray assembly 4 is arranged at the lower part of the absorption chamber 2, and the spray assembly 4 is used to spray the exhaust gas; a partition plate 21 is provided on the top of the absorption chamber 2, and a connecting hole 22 is opened on the partition plate 21. The air intake assembly 5 transmits the exhaust gas in the metal reaction chamber 1 to the absorption chamber 2 through the connecting hole 22; an annular exhaust gas flow space is formed between the absorption chamber 2 and the inner wall of the metal reaction chamber 1. The spray assembly 4 includes a spirally wound spray pipe 41, the outer circumference of which is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the absorption chamber 2; a plurality of retractable spray heads 42 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner circumference of the spray pipe 41, each spray head 42 includes a main pipe 43 connected to the spray pipe 41 and a sliding sleeve 44 sleeved on the outside of the main pipe 43, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 44 slides with the outer wall of the main pipe 43, a conical spray hole 45 is provided at the front end of the sliding sleeve 44, and an elastic piston 431 is provided at the front end of the main pipe 43; the sliding sleeve 44 can slide axially on the main pipe 43, and the sliding sleeve 44 is used to adjust the opening angle of the conical spray hole 45; the inlet end of the spray pipe 41 is connected to the reaction liquid circulation assembly 6, and the outlet end of the spray pipe 41 is closed. A positioning groove 48 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 44 of the spray head 42 , and an elastic buckle 49 is provided on the outer circumference of the spray pipe 41 corresponding to the positioning groove 48 , and the elastic buckle 49 is engaged with the positioning groove 48 .

[0055] As an optional embodiment, the sliding sleeve 44 can be adjusted manually or by using a micro motor (such as a stepper motor or a servo motor) as the core power source, combined with transmission mechanisms such as a screw-nut transmission and a synchronous pulley set, to drive the sliding sleeve 44 in the spray assembly 4 to move axially along the main pipe 43, thereby adjusting the opening angle of the conical spray hole 45; the system can control the start and stop and steering of the motor through PLC or single-chip computer programming to achieve precise position adjustment, and can dynamically adjust the spray hole state based on real-time feedback from sensor signals such as exhaust gas concentration and flow rate.

[0056] By pushing the sliding sleeve 44 to move axially along the main pipe 43, the opening angle of the conical spray hole 45 can be adjusted, thereby changing the spray coverage range. The retractable spray head 42 is evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the spray pipe 41, which consists of the main pipe 43, the sliding sleeve 44, and the elastic piston 431. The front end of the sliding sleeve 44 has a conical spray hole 45. Pushing the sliding sleeve 44 changes the opening angle of the conical spray hole 45, and the elastic clip 49 cooperates with the positioning groove 48 to lock the position. The spray range is dynamically adjusted according to the exhaust gas concentration and flow rate, improving the utilization rate of the reaction liquid, avoiding dead angles, and adapting to different working conditions. After adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve 44, the elastic clip 49 is locked into the positioning groove 48. The sliding sleeve 44 can be fixed at any adjustment position to achieve the locking of the spray angle, ensure the stability of the spray angle, cope with airflow impact and vibration, improve reliability, and simplify the operation process.

[0057] The spray assembly 4 also includes an auxiliary spray pipe 4641 coaxially arranged with the spray pipe 41. The auxiliary spray pipe 4641 is located above the spray pipe 41. A plurality of atomizing nozzles 47 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner circumference of the auxiliary spray pipe 4641. The atomizing nozzles 47 are connected to the spray pipe 41 through capillaries.

[0058] Atomizing nozzle 47 sprays a fine mist of reaction liquid, which forms a layered wash with the main spray liquid from spray pipe 41. The reaction liquid enters atomizing nozzle 47 through the capillary tube to form droplets, which work together with the spray liquid below to treat the exhaust gas. The droplets increase the gas-liquid contact area, improving absorption efficiency. The combined treatment can adapt to pollutants of different particle sizes and reduce energy consumption.

[0059] The air intake assembly 5 includes an induced draft fan 51 and an absorption pipe 52. The end of the absorption pipe 52 passes through the top wall of the metal reaction chamber 1 and extends to the upper middle part of the metal reaction chamber 1. Two branch pipes 53 are provided on the absorption pipe 52. The two branch pipes 53 pass through the bottom of the absorption cavity 2 and the connecting hole 22 respectively. The induced draft fan 51 is installed on the pipe section at the end of the absorption pipe 52.

[0060] Negative pressure simultaneously extracts waste gas from the upper and middle sections of metal reaction chamber 1 and diverts it to the lower section of absorption chamber 2 via two branch pipes 53, achieving uniform waste gas distribution. Induced draft fan 51 provides power, allowing waste gas to enter absorption chamber 2 through branch pipes 53, while fresh air is replenished through the bottom branch pipe 53. This creates a stable airflow path. Sampling in the upper and middle section ensures representative waste gas, while replenishing air at the bottom optimizes reaction conditions and improves treatment efficiency.

[0061] The reaction liquid circulation component 6 includes a circulation pipe 61, a liquid storage tank 62 and a circulation tank 63. The circulation pipe connects the absorption chamber 2, the liquid storage tank 62 and the circulation tank 63. The spray pipe 41 is connected to the liquid storage tank 62 and the circulation tank 63. Pumps are provided at the ends of the circulation pipe 61 and the spray pipe 41.

[0062] The pump drives the reaction liquid to circulate, and the waste liquid from the absorption chamber 2 flows into the liquid storage tank 62. After treatment, it returns to the spray pipe 41 through the circulation tank 63. This enables the reaction liquid to be reused and reduces operating costs. The liquid storage tank 62 facilitates the addition of reagents and monitoring, and the circulation tank 63 ensures stable spray pressure.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A method for treating waste gas for precious metal purification comprises the following steps:

[0065] The induced draft fan 51 generates negative pressure in the upper part of the metal reaction chamber 1 to extract the waste gas generated by the precious metal purification reaction;

[0066] The exhaust gas is guided to flow upward along the annular exhaust gas flow space between the metal reaction chamber 1 and the coaxially nested absorption chamber 2;

[0067] The exhaust gas passes through the connecting hole 22 of the top partition plate 21 of the absorption chamber 2 and enters the absorption chamber 2;

[0068] The kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow is used to drive the spiral blades 33 on the gas crushing pipe 31 to rotate;

[0069] The exhaust gas is cut into microbubbles by the serrated notches 34 of the spiral blades 33 and the shearing action of the double-layer reverse spiral blades 33;

[0070] The reaction liquid is sprayed through the retractable spray head 42 in the lower layer of the absorption chamber 2, and the sliding sleeve 44 is axially adjusted to change the coverage of the conical spray hole 45 according to the exhaust gas concentration / flow rate;

[0071] In the upper layer, the exhaust gas is sprayed with atomizing nozzles 47 to form layered washing;

[0072] The reaction liquid after spraying is collected and pumped back to the spray pipe 41 and the auxiliary spray pipe 46 through the liquid storage tank 62 and the circulation tank 63 for reuse.

[0073] The implementation principle of the waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: a structure in which a metal reaction chamber 1 and an absorption chamber 2 are coaxially nested is adopted, the waste gas generated in the metal reaction chamber 1 is transmitted to the absorption chamber 2 via the air intake component 5, the large clumps of waste gas are broken up by the gas breaking component 3, and the spray component 4 performs spray treatment. The implementation principle is as follows: the waste gas enters the absorption chamber 2 through the air intake component 5, the spiral structure and sawtooth design of the gas breaking component 3 break up the waste gas, increasing the contact area with the reaction liquid; the adjustable spray head 42 and atomizing nozzle 47 of the spray component 4 achieve precise treatment of the waste gas, while the reaction liquid circulation component 6 ensures the reuse of the reaction liquid. It saves space, extends the residence time of the waste gas, and improves purification efficiency; the adjustable components adapt to different working conditions and dynamically optimize the treatment effect; the reaction liquid circulation reduces operating costs, and the overall device is highly efficient and energy-saving, with a compact structure, and can effectively treat the waste gas generated during the precious metal purification process, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0074] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification, characterized in that: It includes a metal reaction chamber, an absorption chamber, a gas fragmentation component, a spray component, and an air suction component; the metal reaction chamber is a vertical cylindrical structure, and is used for the purification reaction of precious metals; the absorption chamber is coaxially nested inside the metal reaction chamber, and is used to absorb the exhaust gas generated in the metal reaction chamber; The gas breaking component is arranged at the upper part of the absorption chamber, and is used to break up large groups of exhaust gas; The spray assembly is arranged at the lower part of the absorption chamber, and is used to spray the exhaust gas; a partition plate is provided on the top of the absorption chamber, and a connecting hole is opened on the partition plate. The air suction assembly transfers the exhaust gas in the metal reaction chamber to the absorption chamber through the connecting hole; an annular exhaust gas flow space is formed between the absorption chamber and the inner wall of the metal reaction chamber.

2. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-breaking assembly includes a ring-shaped gas-breaking pipe, and a coaxial sleeve on the gas-breaking pipe is provided with an optionally rotatable spiral blade assembly, and the spiral blade assembly includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of spiral blades spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft; the two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the gas-breaking pipe through bearings, and the edges of the spiral blades are provided with serrated notches.

3. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 2, characterized in that: The broken air pipe is a double-layer coaxial structure, including an upper broken air pipe and a lower broken air pipe. The spiral direction of the upper broken air pipe is opposite to that of the lower broken air pipe, and the pitch of the upper broken air pipe is greater than the pitch of the lower broken air pipe.

4. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly includes a spirally wound spray pipe, the outer circumference of which is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the absorption chamber; a plurality of retractable spray heads are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner circumference of the spray pipe, each of the spray heads includes a main pipe connected to the spray pipe and a sliding sleeve sleeve mounted outside the main pipe, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve slides with the outer wall of the main pipe, a conical spray hole is provided at the front end of the sliding sleeve, and an elastic piston is provided at the front end of the main pipe; the sliding sleeve can slide axially on the main pipe, and the sliding sleeve is used to adjust the opening angle of the conical spray hole; the inlet end of the spray pipe is connected to a reaction liquid circulation assembly, and the outlet end of the spray pipe is closed.

5. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spray assembly also includes an auxiliary spray pipe coaxially arranged with the spray pipe, the auxiliary spray pipe is located above the spray pipe, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner circumference of the auxiliary spray pipe, and the atomizing nozzles are connected to the spray pipe through capillaries.

6. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning groove is provided on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve of the spray head, and an elastic buckle is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the spray pipe corresponding to the positioning groove, and the elastic buckle is engaged with the positioning groove.

7. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake assembly includes an induced draft fan and an absorption pipe. The end of the absorption pipe passes through the top wall of the metal reaction chamber and extends to the upper and middle part of the metal reaction chamber. Two branch pipes are provided on the absorption pipe. The two branch pipes pass through the bottom and the connecting hole of the absorption chamber respectively. The induced draft fan is installed on the pipe section at the end of the absorption pipe.

8. The waste gas treatment device for precious metal purification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reaction liquid circulation component includes a circulation pipe, a liquid storage tank and a circulation tank. The circulation pipe connects the absorption chamber, the liquid storage tank and the circulation tank, and the spray pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank and the circulation tank; pumps are provided at both ends of the circulation pipe and the end of the spray pipe to drive the reaction liquid to circulate between the spray assembly, the liquid storage tank and the circulation tank.

9. A method for treating waste gas for precious metal purification, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The induced draft fan generates negative pressure in the upper part of the metal reaction chamber to extract the waste gas generated by the precious metal purification reaction; guiding the exhaust gas to flow upward along the annular exhaust gas flow space between the metal reaction chamber and the coaxially nested absorption chamber; The exhaust gas passes through the connecting hole of the partition plate at the top of the absorption chamber and enters the absorption chamber; The kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow is used to drive the spiral blade assembly on the broken gas pipe to rotate; The exhaust gas is cut into micro bubbles by the serrated notches of the spiral blades and the shearing action of the double-layer reverse spiral blades; The reaction liquid is sprayed through a retractable spray head in the lower layer of the absorption chamber, and the sliding sleeve is axially adjusted to change the coverage of the conical spray hole according to the exhaust gas concentration / flow rate; In the upper layer, the exhaust gas is sprayed with atomizing nozzles to form layered washing; The reaction liquid after spraying is collected and pumped back to the spray pipe and auxiliary spray pipe through the liquid storage tank and circulation tank for reuse.

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