Over-spraying-free spray gun and spraying method

Abstract

The invention discloses an over-spraying-free spray gun and a spraying method. The over-spraying-free spray gun comprises a spray gun body. A plurality of nozzle units are arranged on the spray gun body, each nozzle unit comprises a spray hole formed in the spray gun body, a gun needle is arranged in the spray hole, the gun needle is in sliding fit with the spray hole and blocks the spray hole, one end of the gun needle is connected with a sealing sliding block, and the sealing sliding block is in sliding fit with the spray gun body. An elastic piece is arranged at the other end of the sealing sliding block; a plurality of groups of air supply channels and material supply channels are arranged on the spray gun body, and each nozzle unit corresponds to one group of air supply channels and material supply channels. The spraying gun composed of the multiple nozzle units is adopted for spraying, sprayed paint cannot drift away and cannot exceed the range of a spraying area, the boundary of the spraying area can be accurately controlled, the effect that the spraying boundary is clear can be achieved without shielding, and the spraying efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of spraying, and in particular relates to a spray gun and a spraying method without overspray. Background Art

[0002] Currently, spraying is mainly done with air spray guns, which use compressed air to atomize the paint and then spray it onto the product surface to form a paint film. However, due to the rebound and dispersion of the atomized paint mist, the paint coverage rate is only about 30%, which is low.

[0003] When spraying two or more colors on a product surface, the paint mist from the airborne spray can drift beyond the intended spray area, necessitating shielding to protect the unsprayed areas. This protection effort is considerable. Furthermore, after spraying one color, the surface must be heated and dried before the next. To apply the next color, the shielding must be removed and then re-protected. Masking and drying the coatings consume significant manpower, material resources, and time, and the disposal of hazardous waste is also costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a spray gun and a spraying method without overspray, so as to solve the problems of low operating efficiency and high cost in existing spraying operations.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] Overspray-free spray gun, including the gun body;

[0007] A plurality of nozzle units are provided on the spray gun body, each of which includes a spray hole provided on the spray gun body, a gun needle provided in the spray hole, the gun needle slidingly engaging with the spray hole and sealing the spray hole, one end of the gun needle is connected to a sealing slider, the sealing slider slidingly engaging with the spray gun body, and an elastic member provided at the other end of the sealing slider, the elastic member being used to provide an elastic force for the sealing slider to move toward the spray hole;

[0008] Multiple groups of air supply channels and material supply channels are provided on the spray gun body, and each nozzle unit corresponds to one group of air supply channels and material supply channels. One end of the feed channel is connected to the spray hole, and one end of the air supply channel is connected to the position where the sealing slider is located. When air is supplied to the air supply channel, the sealing slider can be driven to move away from the spray hole, thereby releasing the gun's blockage of the feed channel and allowing the paint in the feed channel to be sprayed out through the spray hole.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle units are arranged side by side at equal intervals on the spray gun body.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the spacing between adjacent nozzle units is the leveling width of the coating sprayed by the nozzle units.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent nozzle units is no greater than 200 μm.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the nozzle hole is no greater than 100 μm.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for spraying without overspray, which uses the spray gun without overspray to spray, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S01. Obtaining the spray gun width and maximum spray width based on the spacing between the nozzle units and the number of nozzle units. The spray gun width is the spacing between the nozzle units at both ends, and the maximum spray width is the width reached by the paint after spraying by the spray gun;

[0015] S02. Determine the distance between the first motion track and the pattern boundary and the distance between adjacent motion tracks during spraying based on the maximum spray width of the spray gun;

[0016] S03, dividing the area to be sprayed into multiple sub-spraying areas of equal width according to the width of the area to be sprayed and the maximum spray width of the spray gun, and obtaining the width of the remaining spraying area in the area to be sprayed, where the remaining spraying area is an area in the area to be sprayed that is close to the edge of the spraying area after the area to be sprayed is divided and has a width smaller than the maximum spray width of the spray gun;

[0017] S04. Obtaining the number of nozzle units required for spraying the remaining spraying area according to the width of the remaining spraying area;

[0018] S05. Develop a spray control plan based on the distance between the first motion trajectory and the pattern boundary during spraying, the distance between adjacent motion trajectories, the number of divided sub-spraying areas, and the number of nozzle units required for spraying the remaining spraying areas;

[0019] S06. Control the spray gun to perform spraying according to the spraying control plan to complete the spraying operation on the area to be sprayed.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance D1 between the first motion trajectory and the pattern boundary during spraying is D max / 2, where D max It is the maximum spray width of the spray gun.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent motion trajectories is equal to the maximum spray width.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area is a straight line, the number of spraying passes for spraying the remaining spraying area is set to 1, and the number of nozzle units required for spraying is calculated;

[0023] When the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area is a curve, the number of spray passes required for spraying and the number of nozzle units required for spraying are calculated; or the number of nozzle units required for spraying is adjusted in real time according to the curve of the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, a spraying control plan for another area to be sprayed is formulated according to steps S02 to S06 to complete the spraying operation on the other area to be sprayed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention adopts a spray gun composed of multiple nozzle units for spraying. The sprayed paint will not float and will not exceed the range of the spraying area. The boundary of the spraying area can be accurately controlled. The effect of clear spraying boundary can be achieved without shielding, thereby improving the spraying efficiency.

[0027] The present invention integrates a row of nozzle units with tiny spray holes on the spray gun body, and through independent control of each nozzle unit, it can realize arbitrary adjustment of the spray width, accurately control the boundaries of different color spraying areas, and realize continuous spraying of areas with different paint colors. After completing the spraying of one area, there is no need to wait for the paint to dry before spraying another area, which improves the spraying efficiency and is very suitable for the spraying operation of camouflage and striped patterns.

[0028] Since the spraying volume of each nozzle unit is small, there is no paint scattering, and the paint application rate can be increased to 90%, which improves the paint utilization rate, reduces the pollution to the spraying environment, and reduces the emission of hazardous waste.

[0029] Since masking is not required, the use of consumables such as masking materials is reduced, and the spraying cost is reduced.

[0030] The present invention adopts a spray hole with a tiny space, does not need to set up a paint atomizing air pipeline, does not need air and high pressure to atomize the paint, and avoids the situation of overspray of paint mist. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spray gun structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the nozzle unit in the spray gun according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the nozzle unit, air supply channel and material supply channel on the spray gun body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a spray gun spraying paint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a perspective schematic diagram of a spray gun spraying paint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the spraying motion trajectory of the spray gun according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the spray width and the motion trajectory spacing of the spray gun according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the spraying motion trajectory when the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area in the part spraying area is a straight line according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of an area that cannot be sprayed by the curved edge when the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area in the part spraying area is a curve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a spraying method implementation when the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area in the part spraying area is a curve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of another spraying method implementation when the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area in the part spraying area is a curve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] in:

[0044] 11. Spray gun body, 12. Nozzle unit, 13. Air supply channel, 14. Material supply channel, 15. Paint leveling edge line, 16. Paint spray line;

[0045] 121. Nozzle hole, 122. Gun needle, 123. Sealing slider, 124. Elastic member, 125. Nozzle sleeve, 126. Spring guide column;

[0046] 131. Threaded segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the overspray-free spray gun includes a spray gun body 11;

[0049] A plurality of nozzle units 12 are provided on the spray gun body 11. The nozzle unit 12 includes a spray hole 121 provided on the spray gun body, a gun needle 122 is provided in the spray hole, and the gun needle 122 slides with the spray hole 121 to seal the spray hole. One end of the gun needle 122 is connected to a sealing slider 123, which slides with the spray gun body 11. An elastic member 124 is provided at the other end of the sealing slider 123. The elastic member 124 is used to provide an elastic force for the sealing slider to move toward the spray hole.

[0050] A plurality of groups of air supply channels 13 and material supply channels 14 are provided on the spray gun body 11. Each nozzle unit 12 corresponds to a group of air supply channels 13 and material supply channels 14. One end of the feed channel 14 is connected to the spray hole 121. One end of the air supply channel 13 is connected to the position where the sealing slider 123 is located. When air is supplied to the air supply channel 13, the sealing slider can be driven to move away from the spray hole, thereby releasing the gun's blockage of the feed channel and allowing the paint in the feed channel to be sprayed out through the spray hole.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 The nozzle unit 12 includes a nozzle sleeve 125 mounted on the spray gun body 11. A sealing slider 123 is disposed within the nozzle sleeve 125 and slides therewith in a sealed manner. When gas is introduced into the air supply passage, the incoming gas enters one end of the nozzle sleeve and drives the sealing slider to slide within the nozzle sleeve. Threads are provided on the nozzle sleeve to facilitate connection and installation of the spray gun.

[0052] The elastic member 124 is a spring, which provides elastic force for the sealing slider 123, and can drive the sealing slider to quickly reset when the gas supply channel stops supplying gas, so that the gun needle can quickly block the feeding channel. The sealing slider 123 is provided with a spring guide column 126, and one end of the spring is sleeved on the spring guide column, so that the sealing slider and the spring are cooperatively installed.

[0053] The end of the gas supply channel 13 is provided with a threaded section 131, which is used to facilitate the connection of the gas supply channel and the gas supply pipeline.

[0054] In some embodiments, the nozzle units 12 are arranged on the spray gun body 11 at equal intervals and side by side. A plurality of nozzle units with small hole diameters and small intervals are arranged on the spray gun body in an integrated manner, and through the arrangement of the nozzle unit structure, independent control of each nozzle unit can be realized, thereby realizing arbitrary adjustment of the spray width.

[0055] In some embodiments, the interval between adjacent nozzle units 12 is the leveling width of the paint sprayed by the nozzle unit.

[0056] In some embodiments, the interval between adjacent nozzle units 12 is not greater than 200 μm. The interval between adjacent nozzle units is leveled by the self-leveling property of the paint, and the interval between nozzle units can be determined according to the leveling property of different paints and the size of the spray hole diameter.

[0057] In some embodiments, the hole diameter of the spray hole 121 is not greater than 100 μm. The spray hole has a small hole diameter, which prevents over-spraying of the paint, and does not require additional paint atomization equipment for atomization treatment of the paint.

[0058] The nozzle unit with a small hole diameter can prevent the sprayed paint from drifting, and can accurately control the boundary of the sprayed pattern without shielding.

[0059] In combination with the structural characteristics of the adopted nozzle unit, dense arrangement of the nozzle unit on the spray gun body can be realized.

[0060] On the other hand, the present application also provides a non-over-spraying spraying method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S01, according to the interval between the nozzle units and the number of nozzle units, the spray gun width and the maximum spray width are obtained, the spray gun width is the interval between the nozzle units at both ends, and the maximum spray width is the width reached by the leveling of the paint after spraying by the spray gun;

[0062] S02, according to the maximum spray width of the spray gun, the distance between the first movement track and the pattern boundary and the distance between adjacent movement tracks during spraying are determined;

[0063] S03, dividing the area to be sprayed into multiple sub-spraying areas of equal width according to the width of the area to be sprayed and the maximum spray width of the spray gun, and obtaining the width of the remaining spraying area in the area to be sprayed, where the remaining spraying area is an area in the area to be sprayed that is close to the edge of the spraying area after the area to be sprayed is divided and has a width smaller than the maximum spray width of the spray gun;

[0064] S04. Obtaining the number of nozzle units required for spraying the remaining spraying area according to the width of the remaining spraying area;

[0065] S05. Develop a spray control plan based on the distance between the first motion trajectory and the pattern boundary during spraying, the distance between adjacent motion trajectories, the number of divided sub-spraying areas, and the number of nozzle units required for spraying the remaining spraying areas;

[0066] S06. Control the spray gun to perform spraying according to the spraying control plan to complete the spraying operation on the area to be sprayed.

[0067] Specifically, the spraying method of the present invention using the overspray-free spray gun is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.

[0068] The specific steps are as follows:

[0069] S01、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, calculate the width of all nozzle units. The width of all nozzle units is recorded as D, and the spacing between nozzle units is recorded as D g , that is, the distance between adjacent paint spray lines 16, the number of nozzle units is n, then D = D g* (n-1).

[0070] S02, such as Figure 5 As shown, calculate the maximum spray width. The maximum spray width of the spray gun is D max , D max It is the width of the paint sprayed by the spray gun after it is leveled, that is, the distance between the two outermost paint leveling edge lines 15.

[0071] The leveling width of the paint sprayed by each nozzle unit is equal to the distance D between the micro spray guns g , maximum spray width D max =D+D g =D g* n.

[0072] S03, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance D1 between the first motion trajectory of the robot and the pattern boundary during spraying is determined; then D1=D / 2+D g / 2=D max / 2, i.e. the distance between the center line of the robot movement trajectory and the pattern boundary.

[0073] As shown in Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the center line of the robot movement trajectory is the center of the spray gun, for example, a spray gun with 69 nozzle units as shown in the present application Figure 5 (not limited to the spray gun with 69 nozzle units), the center line of the spray gun is the center line of the 35th nozzle unit, and the center line of the robot movement trajectory is also the center line of the 35th micro spray gun.

[0074] S04, after determining the first movement trajectory of the robot spraying, the distance between adjacent movement trajectories is determined, as shown in Figure 7 , the distance between the two trajectories is equal to the spray width D max , so the distance between the two movement trajectories is D max .

[0075] S05, as shown in Figure 8 , determine the area of the part that needs to be sprayed, and record the width L of the sprayed area that needs to be divided into movement trajectory directions.

[0076] S06, as shown in Figure 8 , divide the sprayed area into N areas with a size of D max , i.e. N = L / D max , N is rounded down, and when the division reaches the edge of the part and is less than one maximum spray width D max , calculate the width Ls of the remaining sprayed area.

[0077] S07, as shown in Figure 8 , calculate the remaining sprayed area width Ls, Ls = L-N*D max .

[0078] S08, calculate the number of nozzle units Ng and the number of remaining spraying Nd required for the remaining sprayed area. Since the spray width can be changed arbitrarily, as shown in Figure 8 , the narrowed spray width is denoted as Dz.

[0079] As shown in Figure 8 , when the pattern edge is a straight line, Nd = 1, then Dz = Ls, and the number of nozzle units Ng required for spraying is calculated as Ng = Dz / Dg (rounded down).

[0080] When the pattern edge is a curve, as shown in Figure 9 , there is a part of the area that cannot be sprayed, and to achieve the curve effect, the following two methods can be used:

[0081] Method 1: as shown in Figure 10 ,As shown, the spray width Dz can be narrowed to achieve a curved effect. The remaining spray width Ls is now unequal to the spray width Dz. In this case, Nd = Ls / Dz (rounded down), and the number of nozzle units required for each spray pass is calculated as Ng = Dz / Dg (rounded down).

[0082] Method 2: If Figure 11 As shown, when the spray gun runs to the edge of the pattern, the nozzle unit whose paint spraying line intersects the pattern edge curve is closed, and the operation continues until all nozzle units are closed.

[0083] S09. Develop the spray control procedure for the first color.

[0084] The first motion trajectory takes the center of the spray gun as the trajectory center, and the distance between the first motion trajectory and the edge of the spraying area is D1 (obtained by step S03). The program trajectory after the first spraying is written according to step S04, and the trajectory of the edge spraying program is written according to the number of spraying passes Nd calculated in step S07 and the narrowed spray width Dz.

[0085] If the remaining width to be sprayed on the edge is less than the spacing Dg between one complete nozzle unit, a trajectory with only one or two nozzle units running along the edge is compiled.

[0086] S010. According to steps S03 to S09, a spraying control program for the second color is formulated.

[0087] S011. Send the control program to the spraying robot. After spraying the first color paint, the second color spraying program is called for spraying without waiting for the first paint to dry and protect the first color area.

[0088] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. used to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0089] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" in the description of the present invention does not necessarily imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0090] In the description of the present application, it also needs to be explained that, unless explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect" appear, they should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0091] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, not any form of limitation on the present application, any simple modification, equivalent change of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A spray gun without overspray, characterized in that: Including the spray gun body; A plurality of nozzle units are provided on the spray gun body, each of which includes a spray hole provided on the spray gun body, a gun needle provided in the spray hole, the gun needle slidingly engaging with the spray hole and sealing the spray hole, one end of the gun needle is connected to a sealing slider, the sealing slider slidingly engaging with the spray gun body, and an elastic member provided at the other end of the sealing slider, the elastic member being used to provide an elastic force for the sealing slider to move toward the spray hole; Multiple groups of air supply channels and material supply channels are provided on the spray gun body, and each nozzle unit corresponds to one group of air supply channels and material supply channels. One end of the feed channel is connected to the spray hole, and one end of the air supply channel is connected to the position where the sealing slider is located. When air is supplied to the air supply channel, the sealing slider can be driven to move away from the spray hole, thereby releasing the gun's blockage of the feed channel and allowing the paint in the feed channel to be sprayed out through the spray hole.

2. The overspray-free spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that The nozzle units are arranged side by side at equal intervals on the spray gun body.

3. The overspray-free spray gun according to claim 2, characterized in that The distance between adjacent nozzle units is the leveling width of the paint sprayed by the nozzle units.

4. The overspray-free spray gun according to claim 3, characterized in that The distance between adjacent nozzle units is no greater than 200 μm.

5. The overspray-free spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that The diameter of the nozzle hole is no more than 100 μm.

6. A spraying method without overspray, characterized in that: Spraying using the overspray-free spray gun according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: S01. Obtaining the spray gun width and maximum spray width based on the spacing between the nozzle units and the number of nozzle units. The spray gun width is the spacing between the nozzle units at both ends, and the maximum spray width is the width reached by the paint after spraying by the spray gun; S02. Determine the distance between the first motion track and the pattern boundary and the distance between adjacent motion tracks during spraying based on the maximum spray width of the spray gun; S03, dividing the area to be sprayed into multiple sub-spraying areas of equal width according to the width of the area to be sprayed and the maximum spray width of the spray gun, and obtaining the width of the remaining spraying area in the area to be sprayed, where the remaining spraying area is an area in the area to be sprayed that is close to the edge of the spraying area after the area to be sprayed is divided and has a width smaller than the maximum spray width of the spray gun; S04. Obtaining the number of nozzle units required for spraying the remaining spraying area according to the width of the remaining spraying area; S05. Develop a spray control plan based on the distance between the first motion trajectory and the pattern boundary during spraying, the distance between adjacent motion trajectories, the number of divided sub-spraying areas, and the number of nozzle units required for spraying the remaining spraying areas; S06. Control the spray gun to perform spraying according to the spraying control plan, and complete the spraying operation on the area to be sprayed.

7. The overspray-free spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the first motion trajectory and the pattern boundary during spraying is D1 = D max / 2, where D max It is the maximum spray width of the spray gun.

8. The overspray-free spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent motion trajectories is equal to the maximum spray width.

9. The overspray-free spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area is a straight line, the number of spraying passes for spraying the remaining spraying area is set to 1, and the number of nozzle units required for spraying is calculated; When the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area is a curve, the number of spray passes required for spraying and the number of nozzle units required for spraying are calculated; or the number of nozzle units required for spraying is adjusted in real time according to the curve of the pattern edge of the remaining spraying area.

10. The overspray-free spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to steps S02 to S06, a spraying control plan for another area to be sprayed is formulated to complete the spraying operation for the other area to be sprayed.

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