A vulcanizing machine for lightning arrester production

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment manufacturing technology, and provides a vulcanizing machine for surge arrester production, including a frame, a lower mold, an upper mold, and two rotating drive mechanisms. When the upper mold descends along the frame to fit against the lower mold, the upper mold vulcanizing groove on the bottom surface of the upper mold and the lower mold vulcanizing groove on the top surface of the lower mold together form a vulcanizing cavity for accommodating the core and rubber raw materials. The two rotating drive mechanisms are installed on opposite sides of the lower mold; the rotating drive mechanisms are detachably connected to the ends of the core. This technical solution provides stable support for the core, ensuring its precise and stable position within the vulcanizing cavity and preventing core misalignment that could lead to uneven insulation jacket wall thickness. Furthermore, the rotating drive mechanisms drive the core and insulation jacket to rotate within the vulcanizing cavity, allowing the flash to be sheared off synchronously during the insulation jacket vulcanization process, eliminating the need for additional flash removal procedures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of power system overvoltage protection, surge arresters require their insulating jackets to simultaneously meet excellent electrical insulation performance, weather resistance, mechanical strength, and sealing reliability. Currently, the mainstream materials used are silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and other polymer materials, molded through a vulcanization process. The vulcanization process is the core step in surge arrester jacket production, and its process stability directly determines the dimensional accuracy and performance consistency of the jacket.

[0003] In existing technologies, surge arrester jacket vulcanization typically employs a general-purpose rubber vulcanizing machine. After the upper and lower molds are closed, a high temperature of 150-200℃ and a pressure of 10-25MPa are applied, causing the rubber raw material to complete a cross-linking reaction within the mold cavity. Because surge arrester jackets often have an umbrella-like irregular structure, the mold parting surface design is complex. Furthermore, the rubber raw material exhibits volume expansion during vulcanization, easily forming excess flash (waste edges) in the parting surface gaps and at the edges of the venting grooves. These flash edges undergo cross-linking simultaneously with the jacket body during vulcanization, resulting in high bonding strength. Due to the multiple corners and grooves in the umbrella-like structure, the flash edge morphology is irregular.

[0004] Currently, industry attempts to improve the flash problem mainly fall into two categories: one focuses on source control during the vulcanization process, such as improving the machining accuracy of the mold parting surface or precisely controlling the amount of raw material injected to reduce flash generation. However, the manufacturing cost of high-precision molds increases significantly, and the amount of raw material injected is difficult to control precisely due to the influence of vulcanization volume shrinkage, which can easily lead to the risk of material shortage. The other category targets the flash removal process, developing various specialized tooling and devices, including:

[0005] Mechanical trimming device: This device uses custom-designed blades that match the contour of the surge arrester's outer casing. A cylinder or motor drives the blades to move along the flash distribution path to cut and clean the flash. While this type of device can replace some manual operation, it is prone to damaging the outer casing surface due to the rigid contact of the blades with the flash on complex curved surfaces such as the inner side of the skirt.

[0006] Ultrasonic cleaning equipment: This equipment uses high-frequency vibration to drive abrasive media (such as ceramic beads) to impact and remove burrs. While effective at removing small burrs, it is time-consuming, and the abrasive media can easily get stuck in the gaps between the skirts, requiring an additional separation process. It is suitable for small-batch precision parts processing but cannot meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0007] Laser cutting device: It achieves melting and cutting by scanning along the flash contour with a focused laser beam. It has high cleaning accuracy, but the equipment purchase cost is high, and the laser action can easily cause thermal oxidation of the rubber surface, resulting in a decrease in local insulation performance. It is not suitable for surge arrester housings with strict electrical performance requirements.

[0008] In summary, existing flash removal tools / devices may have problems such as incomplete cleaning, product damage, increased production steps, excessive costs, and low efficiency, and cannot fundamentally solve the technical bottleneck of flash treatment after the surge arrester jacket is vulcanized. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, embodiments of the present invention provide a vulcanizing machine for the production of surge arresters, which solves the technical problem that the flash formed on the surge arrester jacket after vulcanization requires manual or additional equipment to remove, resulting in high production costs.

[0010] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters, used for vulcanizing an insulating jacket around a core body to form a surge arrester, comprising:

[0011] frame;

[0012] The lower mold is mounted on the machine frame, and the top surface of the lower mold is provided with a vulcanization groove.

[0013] The upper mold is lifted and mounted on the frame and located above the lower mold. The bottom surface of the upper mold has an upper mold vulcanization groove. When the upper mold descends and closes with the lower mold, the upper mold vulcanization groove and the lower mold vulcanization groove together enclose and form a vulcanization cavity.

[0014] Two rotary drive mechanisms are mounted on the frame and located on both sides of the lower mold. The two rotary drive mechanisms are detachably connected to both ends of the core to drive the core and the insulating jacket to rotate in the vulcanization cavity, and to shear the vulcanization flash on the outer periphery of the insulating jacket through the mold parting surface of the upper and lower molds.

[0015] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the upper mold includes an upper mold base and an upper clamping plate that is lifted and disposed below the upper mold base. The bottom of the upper mold base is provided with a plurality of guide columns that extend downward and penetrate through it. The lower end of the guide columns is provided with a limiting boss for supporting and limiting the upper clamping plate. The bottom surface of the upper mold base is provided with an upper mold groove. The upper clamping plate is provided with an upper plate groove. The upper mold groove and the upper plate groove are interconnected and together form an upper mold vulcanizing groove.

[0016] The lower mold includes a lower mold base and a lower clamping plate that is lifted and lowered on the lower mold base. The top surface of the lower mold base is provided with a lower mold groove, and the lower clamping plate is provided with a lower plate groove. The lower mold groove and the lower plate groove are interconnected to form a lower mold vulcanization groove.

[0017] After the surge arrester is vulcanized, when the upper mold base rises, the upper clamping plate can rise behind the upper mold base under the combined action of its own weight and the limiting boss, so that the insulating jacket can be removed from the upper mold groove; the lower clamping plate can rise to maintain its fit with the upper clamping plate, and drive the core and the insulating jacket to rise, thereby allowing the insulating jacket to be removed from the lower mold groove.

[0018] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a locking mechanism is provided between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. After the upper clamping plate moves down and fits against the lower clamping plate, the locking mechanism can lock the lower clamping plate onto the upper clamping plate so as to drive the lower clamping plate to rise.

[0019] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for arrester production provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the rotation drive mechanism includes:

[0020] A connecting sleeve is used for detachable connection with the end of the core. An eccentric boss is provided on the end face of the connecting sleeve away from the lower mold.

[0021] A guide plate is mounted on the frame and located on the side of the lower mold. A guide groove is provided on the guide plate. The extension direction of the guide groove is set at an angle with the vertical direction. An eccentric boss extends into the guide groove and rolls and slides with the guide groove.

[0022] As the upper and lower clamping plates drive the surge arrester and connecting sleeve plate to rise, the eccentric boss rolls and slides along the guide groove, so as to drive the surge arrester to rotate between the upper and lower clamping plates through the connecting sleeve plate and cut off the sulfurized flash on the outer periphery of the insulating jacket.

[0023] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the upper clamping plate has a plurality of snap-fit ​​protrusions, each of which is provided with a radially penetrating snap-fit ​​groove; the lower clamping plate is provided with snap-fit ​​through holes corresponding one-to-one with the snap-fit ​​protrusions for the snap-fit ​​protrusions to pass through, and the inner peripheral wall of the snap-fit ​​through hole is provided with a radially extending sliding channel, and the snap-fit ​​mechanism includes:

[0024] The snap-fit ​​block is slidably connected within the sliding channel;

[0025] A snap-fit ​​elastic element is provided in the sliding channel. The snap-fit ​​elastic element is used to elastically push the snap-fit ​​block out of the sliding channel. The top of the snap-fit ​​block has an inclined abutment surface, and the inclined abutment surface gradually slopes downward on the side near the center of the snap-fit ​​through hole.

[0026] When the upper clamping plate descends, the snap-fit ​​boss can abut against the inclined abutment surface to push the snap-fit ​​block to compress the snap-fit ​​elastic element and retract into the sliding channel;

[0027] When the upper clamping plate is attached to the lower clamping plate, the snap-fit ​​groove is connected to the sliding channel. The snap-fit ​​block can enter the snap-fit ​​groove under the pushing action of the snap-fit ​​elastic element to lock the relative position of the lower clamping plate and the upper clamping plate.

[0028] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the upper clamping plate is provided with a plurality of clearance slots that correspond one-to-one with the snap-fit ​​protrusions. The clearance slots pass through the upper clamping plate and the snap-fit ​​protrusions, and are arranged perpendicularly to the through direction of the snap-fit ​​slots and are connected to the snap-fit ​​slots.

[0029] The upper part of the frame is provided with several downward-extending abutment rods that correspond one-to-one with the clearance slots;

[0030] When the upper clamping plate drives the lower clamping plate to rise to its limit position, the lower end of the abutment rod can extend into the clearance groove and abut against the inclined abutment surface to push the locking block back into the sliding channel, thereby releasing the positional restriction of the lower clamping plate relative to the upper clamping plate.

[0031] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of damping cylinders are embedded on the top surface of the lower mold base, and a plurality of damping pistons are provided on the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate in a damping cooperation corresponding to the damping cylinders.

[0032] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a feeding platform is provided on the side of the frame, and the lower mold is slidably disposed on the frame and can slide towards or away from the upper mold. A feeding groove communicating with the guide groove is opened on the side wall of the guide plate near the feeding platform. The feeding groove extends along the sliding direction of the lower mold, and the eccentric boss can slide along the feeding groove to enter the guide groove.

[0033] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the end of the feeding trough near the feeding platform has a flared section.

[0034] For example, in a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of clearance holes are provided on the lower mold, which correspond one-to-one with the guide posts, and the limiting boss can slide up and down within the clearance holes.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] In this invention, two rotating drive mechanisms are detachably connected to both ends of the core. On the one hand, this provides stable support for the core, ensuring accurate installation of the core within the vulcanizing cavity and preventing core misalignment that could lead to uneven insulation jacket wall thickness, thus guaranteeing the basic accuracy of the insulation jacket molding. On the other hand, the rotating drive mechanisms can drive the core and insulation jacket to rotate within the vulcanizing cavity. Combined with the parting surface formed by the upper and lower molds, the relative motion between the parting surface and the flash during rotation generates a shearing effect, causing the flash to be sheared and removed simultaneously during the vulcanization of the insulation jacket. This eliminates the need for additional flash treatment processes, solving the problems of complex production processes and increased costs caused by separate flash treatment in existing technologies. It also avoids potential electrical or sealing performance issues caused by incomplete manual cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional portion of the vulcanizing machine in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional portion of the vulcanizing machine in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the third cross-sectional section of the vulcanizing machine in the embodiment;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the upper and lower clamping plates of the vulcanizing machine in the embodiment;

[0046] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view at point D;

[0047] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fourth cross-sectional section of the vulcanizing machine in the embodiment;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0049] Figure 12 for Figure 1 The embodiment shows a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading state structure of the vulcanizing machine.

[0050] In the diagram: 100, Core; 200, Insulating Outer Jacket; 1, Frame; 2, Lower Mold; 3, Upper Mold; 4, Rotation Drive Mechanism; 31, Upper Mold Base; 32, Upper Clamping Plate; 33, Guide Post; 331, Limiting Boss; 311, Upper Mold Groove; 321, Upper Plate Groove; 21, Lower Mold Base; 22, Lower Clamping Plate; 211, Lower Mold Groove; 221, Lower Plate Groove; 5, Snap-fit ​​Mechanism; 41, Connecting Sleeve; 411, Eccentric Boss; 42, Guide Plate 421. Guide groove; 51. Snap-fit ​​boss; 52. Snap-fit ​​groove; 53. Snap-fit ​​through hole; 54. Sliding channel; 55. Snap-fit ​​block; 56. Snap-fit ​​elastic element; 551. Inclined abutment surface; 57. Clearance through groove; 58. Abutment rod; 24. Damping cylinder; 25. Damping piston; 11. Feeding platform; 422. Feeding groove; 423. Flared section; 26. Clearance hole; 6. Driving element; 7. Lead screw; 8. Sliding guide rail; 9. Positioning protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0052] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the disclosure; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0053] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0056] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] Surge arresters are core protection devices in power systems against overvoltage surges, and their operational reliability is directly related to the safety and stability of the power grid. The insulating jacket 200 of the surge arrester must simultaneously meet excellent electrical insulation performance, weather resistance, mechanical strength, and sealing reliability. Currently, the mainstream materials used in the industry are high-molecular materials such as silicone rubber and ethylene propylene rubber, which are molded onto the outer periphery of the core 100 through a vulcanization process to form a complete surge arrester insulation protection structure.

[0058] The vulcanization process is the core step in the production of the surge arrester insulation jacket 200, and its process stability directly determines the dimensional accuracy and performance consistency of the insulation jacket 200. In existing technologies, the insulation jacket 200 is mostly a rotating body, and the vulcanization of the surge arrester insulation jacket 200 often uses a general-purpose rubber vulcanizing machine. The basic working principle is to fill the mold cavity with rubber raw material, and after the upper mold 3 and lower mold 2 are closed, a high temperature of 150-200℃ is applied to cause the rubber raw material to undergo a cross-linking reaction. At the same time, a pressure of 10-25MPa is applied to ensure that the raw material fills the cavity and forms a dense structure. However, because the surge arrester insulation jacket 200 is mostly an umbrella-shaped irregular structure, the mold parting surface design is complex, and the rubber raw material has a volume expansion characteristic during vulcanization, excess vulcanization flash is easily formed in the gap of the parting surface and the edge of the venting groove. These flash edges are cross-linked synchronously with the outer casing, resulting in high bonding strength. However, the umbrella skirt structure has multiple corners and grooves, leading to irregular flash edge shapes. Existing general-purpose vulcanizing machines lack flash edge control and separation structures for this irregular structure, requiring additional subsequent processes for flash removal. This not only increases production complexity and cost but may also leave product performance issues due to incomplete cleaning. Therefore, this invention provides a vulcanizing machine for surge arrester production, aiming to solve the aforementioned flash edge problem and improve the production quality and efficiency of surge arrester outer casings.

[0059] The vulcanizing machine for arrester production provided by this invention has the following overall structure: Figure 1 As shown, the machine mainly includes a frame 1, a lower mold 2, an upper mold 3, and two rotating drive mechanisms 4. Optionally, for ease of material loading, a loading platform 11 is also provided on the side of the frame 1. The frame 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire vulcanizing machine, supporting all components such as the lower mold 2, the upper mold 3, and the rotating drive mechanisms 4. The lower mold 2 is mounted on the frame 1, and its top surface has a lower mold vulcanizing groove for accommodating the rubber raw material and the core 100. The upper mold 3 is mounted on the frame 1 in a liftable manner and is located directly above the lower mold 2. The bottom surface of the upper mold 3 has an upper mold vulcanizing groove adapted to the lower mold vulcanizing groove. The two rotating drive mechanisms 4 are respectively fixed on the frame 1 and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lower mold 2 for connecting to both ends of the core 100.

[0060] Its basic working process is the same as that of a general vulcanizing machine. First, the core 100 is placed in the lower mold vulcanizing groove of the lower mold 2, and then the rubber raw material is filled into the lower mold vulcanizing groove and the outer periphery of the core 100. Then, the upper mold 3 descends along the frame 1 and closes with the lower mold 2. At this time, the upper mold vulcanizing groove and the lower mold vulcanizing groove together form a closed vulcanizing cavity. Next, the heating system of the vulcanizing machine applies a high temperature of 150-200℃ to the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 2, and at the same time, the pressurizing system applies a closing pressure of 10-25MPa, so that the rubber raw material completes the cross-linking reaction in the vulcanizing cavity and is formed into an insulating outer jacket 200. After vulcanization is completed, the upper mold 3 rises and the formed surge arrester is removed. Here, the terms are defined as follows: vulcanizing cavity refers to the closed space formed by the vulcanizing grooves of the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 2 after the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 2 are closed. It is the area where the rubber raw material completes the vulcanization reaction; parting surface refers to the mating surface when the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 2 are closed. This surface is also the edge interface of the vulcanizing cavity. When the rubber raw material expands, it is easy to overflow from the tiny gaps of the parting surface; vulcanizing flash refers to the excess waste material formed by the rubber raw material after it overflows from the gaps of the parting surface or the venting groove due to volume expansion during the vulcanization process and then cools and solidifies. It is combined with the insulating jacket 200 body through vulcanization cross-linking and is difficult to separate.

[0061] To address the flash problem present in existing general-purpose vulcanizing machines, the core improvement of this solution lies in setting up two rotating drive mechanisms 4, which, through their cooperation with the core 100, achieve synchronous shearing and removal of flash during the vulcanization process of the insulating jacket 200. For example... Figure 1 , Figures 4-5 As shown, the two rotary drive mechanisms 4 are located on both sides of the lower mold 2 and are both fixed on the frame 1. Each rotary drive mechanism 4 has a detachable connection structure adapted to the end of the core 100, which is used to dock and fix the core 100 to both ends after the core 100 is placed in the vulcanizing tank of the lower mold.

[0062] During the vulcanization process of the insulating jacket 200, after the rubber raw material completes the cross-linking reaction, the rotation drive mechanism 4 starts to operate, driving the core 100 to rotate around its own axis through its internal structure. The core 100 then drives the already formed insulating jacket 200 to rotate synchronously within the vulcanization cavity. At this time, the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 2 are still in the closed state, and their parting surfaces remain in contact. The flash formed by the expansion of the insulating jacket 200 is located precisely at the parting surface. As the insulating jacket 200 rotates, the parting surface exerts a continuous shearing effect on the flash. The edge of the parting surface acts like a scissor blade, cutting off the flash piece by piece as the insulating jacket 200 rotates, thus separating the flash from the main body of the insulating jacket 200.

[0063] This core improvement achieves multiple benefits through the combined action of the rotating drive mechanism 4, which drives the core 100 and the insulating jacket 200 to rotate, and the parting surface shears the flash. First, it eliminates the need for additional post-flash removal processes, reducing production complexity and costs. In existing technologies, flash needs to be removed manually or by grinding with specialized equipment after the arrester is removed. In this solution, the flash is simultaneously sheared by the parting surface during the rotation of the insulating jacket 200. After vulcanization, the arrester removed has no noticeable flash, eliminating the need for subsequent processing and reducing production steps and the investment in manpower and equipment. Second, flash removal is more thorough, improving product quality stability. Because the surge arrester jacket has an umbrella-shaped irregular structure, it is difficult to clean the burrs at the corners and grooves of the umbrella skirt manually or with conventional equipment in the existing technology. However, in this solution, the rotation of the insulating jacket 200 can cause all the burrs on its outer periphery to come into contact with the parting surface in sequence. The shearing action of the parting surface can cover the entire outer periphery of the insulating jacket 200, ensuring that the burrs are removed without dead corners, avoiding electric field distortion or poor sealing caused by burr residue, and improving the operational reliability of the surge arrester. Thirdly, it does not affect the stability of the vulcanization process and does not require additional increase in equipment size. The rotation drive mechanism 4 only drives the core 100 to rotate after vulcanization is completed, and does not intervene in the heating and pressurization process during vulcanization. Therefore, it will not interfere with the crosslinking reaction of the rubber raw material. At the same time, the rotation drive mechanism 4 is set on both sides of the lower mold 2, utilizing the side space of the frame 1, without occupying the space directly above or below the upper mold 3 or the lower mold 2, avoiding an increase in the overall size of the equipment and adapting to the installation space of existing production lines.

[0064] In this solution, the core function of the rotary drive mechanism 4 is to drive the core 100 to rotate, which can be achieved in several ways. The first alternative is direct motor drive. Servo motors are fixed on both sides of the frame 1. These motors require high-temperature resistant housings to withstand the high temperatures of the vulcanization environment. The motor output shaft is detachably connected to the end of the core 100 via a coupling. After vulcanization, the servo motors start, driving the coupling to rotate via their output shafts, thereby driving the core 100 and the insulating jacket 200 to rotate, thus shearing the flash at the parting surface. The advantage of this method is that the rotation speed is controllable, and the speed can be adjusted according to different flash thicknesses. The disadvantage is that it requires additional servo motors, controllers, and high-temperature resistant components, resulting in higher equipment costs. Furthermore, the motor's power lines must avoid high-temperature areas, increasing wiring complexity. The second alternative is cylinder-driven gear transmission. Cylinders are installed on both sides of the frame 1, with racks fixed to the piston rods of the cylinders. Gears are also fixed to the end of the core 100, meshing with the racks. After vulcanization, the cylinder drives the piston rod to reciprocate, the rack drives the gear to rotate, and in turn drives the core to rotate 100 degrees.

[0065] To further optimize the demolding effect, feeding convenience, and structural stability of the vulcanizing machine, this solution refines the design of the upper and lower molds 2, the snap-fit ​​mechanism 5, and the damping structure, based on the core improvements.

[0066] Firstly, regarding the split structure of the upper and lower molds 2, to address the deformation problem caused by the insulating jacket 200 easily sticking to the mold during demolding in existing vulcanizing machines, this solution designs both the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 2 as split structures, specifically as follows: Figures 2-3 , Figures 6-7 As shown. The upper mold 3 includes an upper mold base 31 and an upper clamping plate 32. The upper mold base 31 is the main frame of the upper mold 3 and can be raised and lowered along the frame 1. The upper clamping plate 32 is set below the upper mold base 31 in a raiseable manner. Several downwardly extending guide posts 33 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the upper mold base 31. The guide posts 33 are set through the upper clamping plate 32, and the lower end of the guide posts 33 is provided with a limiting boss 331. The limiting boss 331 is used to support the upper clamping plate 32, prevent the upper clamping plate 32 from falling off the guide posts 33, and limit the sliding distance and limit position of the upper clamping plate 32 relative to the upper mold base 31. The bottom surface of the upper mold base 31 is provided with an upper mold groove 311. The upper clamping plate 32 is provided with an upper plate groove 321 along its own thickness direction. The upper mold groove 311 and the upper plate groove 321 are interconnected to form the vulcanizing groove of the upper mold.

[0067] The lower mold 2 includes a lower mold base 21 and a lower clamping plate 22. The lower mold base 21 is fixed on the frame 1, and the lower clamping plate 22 is positioned above the lower mold base 21 in a liftable manner. The top surface of the lower mold base 21 has a lower mold groove 211, and the lower clamping plate 22 has a lower plate groove 221 extending through it along its own thickness direction. The lower mold groove 211 and the lower plate groove 221 are interconnected to form a lower mold vulcanization groove.

[0068] The demolding process works as follows: After vulcanization, the upper mold base 31 begins to rise under the action of the drive mechanism. Because the upper clamping plate 32 has its own gravity, and the limiting boss 331 exerts an upward supporting force on it, the rising of the upper clamping plate 32 lags behind that of the upper mold base 31. When the upper mold base 31 rises, the upper clamping plate 32 remains temporarily stationary. The insulating outer sleeve 200, due to its adhesion to the inner wall of the upper mold groove 311, remains stationary with the upper clamping plate 32, and thus detaches from the upper mold groove 311 of the rising upper mold base 31. Subsequently, the lower clamping plate 22 needs to rise to maintain its contact with the upper clamping plate 32, and simultaneously raise the core 100 and the insulating outer sleeve 200, causing the insulating outer sleeve 200 to detach from the lower mold groove 211.

[0069] In practical applications, the lifting action of the lower clamping plate 22 can be achieved in various ways, one common method being the configuration of a separate lifting drive device. This lifting drive device can be a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric push rod, and its number can be set according to the size and weight of the lower clamping plate 22, and is evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the top surface of the lower mold base 21. The fixed end of the lifting drive device is connected to the frame 1 or the lower mold base 21, while the output end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate 22. After vulcanization is completed, the upper mold base 31 begins to rise, and the upper clamping plate 32 rises lagging behind. At the same time, the control system sends a signal to the lifting drive device, which starts, and its output end extends upward, driving the lower clamping plate 22 to rise along the lower mold base 21. By setting a position sensor or limit switch, the relative position of the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22 can be monitored in real time, ensuring that the rising speed of the lower clamping plate 22 matches that of the upper clamping plate 32, maintaining their contact at all times, thereby stably driving the core 100 and the insulating jacket 200 to rise, completing the separation of the insulating jacket 200 from the lower mold groove 211.

[0070] The advantage of using a separate lifting drive device is that the lifting speed and stroke of the lower clamping plate 22 can be precisely controlled by the drive device. It can also be adapted to insulating jackets 200 of different thicknesses and weights after changing different vulcanizing molds, ensuring that the insulating jacket 200 is subjected to uniform force during demolding and avoiding deformation caused by excessively fast or slow lifting speed.

[0071] To ensure that the lower clamping plate 22 can rise more stably and at a lower cost following the upper clamping plate 32, this solution includes a locking mechanism 5 between the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figures 6-9 As shown. The bottom of the upper clamping plate 32 has several locking protrusions 51 spaced apart along its outer periphery. Each locking protrusion 51 has a radially penetrating locking groove 52 on its side wall. The lower clamping plate 22 has several locking through holes 53, the number of which corresponds one-to-one with the locking protrusions 51, and the hole diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the locking protrusions 51, allowing the locking protrusions 51 to pass through. Each locking through hole 53 has a radially extending sliding channel 54 on its inner peripheral wall, the extension direction of which is perpendicular to the axis of the locking through hole 53.

[0072] The latching mechanism 5 includes a latching block 55 and a latching elastic element 56. The latching block 55 is slidably connected within the sliding channel 54, and its length is adapted to the depth of the sliding channel 54. The latching elastic element 56 can be a compression spring, disposed within the sliding channel 54 at one end away from the center of the latching through hole 53. One end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding channel 54, and the other end is fixed to the latching block 55. It applies an elastic force toward the center of the latching through hole 53 to the latching block 55, causing a portion of the latching block 55 to extend outward from the sliding channel 54 in its normal state. The top of the latching block 55 has an inclined abutment surface 551, which gradually slopes downward on the side closest to the center of the latching through hole 53. The inclination angle of the inclined abutment surface 551 needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that the latching block 55 can slide within the sliding channel 54 when the lower end of the latching boss 51 abuts against the inclined abutment surface 551.

[0073] The locking process is as follows: when the upper clamping plate 32 descends, the lower end of the locking boss 51 first contacts the inclined abutment surface 551 of the locking block 55. As the upper clamping plate 32 continues to descend, the locking boss 51 applies downward pressure to the inclined abutment surface 551. This pressure is decomposed along the inclined abutment surface 551 into a force that pushes the locking block 55 back into the sliding channel 54. The locking block 55 then compresses the locking elastic element 56 until the locking boss 51 completely penetrates the locking through hole 53. When the bottom surface of the upper clamping plate 32 is in contact with the top surface of the lower clamping plate 22, the locking groove 52 on the locking boss 51 is aligned and connected with the sliding channel 54. The locking elastic element 56 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the locking block 55 to move towards the center of the locking through hole 53. Finally, a part of the locking block 55 enters the locking groove 52, thus locking the relative positions of the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22.

[0074] To achieve automatic unlocking of the locking mechanism 5, the upper clamping plate 32 is provided with several clearance slots 57. The number of clearance slots 57 corresponds one-to-one with the locking protrusions 51, and they are arranged in a vertical direction perpendicular to the penetration direction of the locking groove 52. They also penetrate the top surface of the upper clamping plate 32 and the side wall of the locking protrusions 51, communicating with the locking groove 52. Several downwardly extending abutment rods 58 are fixedly provided on the upper part of the frame 1. The number of abutment rods 58 corresponds one-to-one with the clearance slots 57, and their axes are aligned with the clearance slots 57. When the upper clamping plate 32 and lower clamping plate 22, locked by the locking mechanism 5, drive the surge arrester to the limit position, the lower end of the abutment rod 58 extends into the clearance slot 57 and contacts the inclined abutment surface 551 of the locking block 55. The abutment rod 58 applies downward pressure to the inclined abutment surface 551. This pressure pushes the locking block 55 back into the sliding channel 54 until the locking block 55 is completely disengaged from the locking groove 52. The relative position restriction between the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22 is then released, allowing the lower clamping plate 22 to descend under gravity. Here, the limit position is defined as the position of the upper clamping plate 32 when the upper mold base 31 rises to its highest position.

[0075] The locking mechanism 5 enables automatic locking and unlocking of the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22 without manual intervention. During locking, the descent of the upper clamping plate 32 automatically triggers the retraction of the locking block 55, which then automatically locks after fitting, ensuring a tight fit between the upper and lower clamping plates 22 after mold closing and preventing gaps at the parting surface during vulcanization that could lead to increased flash. During unlocking, the upper clamping plate 32 only needs to rise to its limit position to automatically push the locking block 55 back via the abutment rod 58, requiring no additional power or manual operation, thus improving the automation level of the equipment. Furthermore, the locking mechanism 5 has a compact structure, integrated within the locking boss 51, locking through hole 53, and sliding channel 54, without occupying extra space in the upper and lower clamping plates 22. The multiple locking mechanisms 5 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery, ensuring uniform force distribution on the upper and lower clamping plates 22 after locking and preventing deformation of the clamping plates due to localized stress concentration.

[0076] To enable the rotation drive mechanism 4 to drive the core 100 to rotate without additional power, this solution refines the structure of the rotation drive mechanism 4, as follows: Figures 4-5 , Figures 10-11 As shown. The rotation drive mechanism 4 includes a connecting sleeve 41 and a guide plate 42. The end face of the connecting sleeve 41 near the lower mold 2 has an inner hole adapted to the end of the core 100 for docking and fixing with the end of the core 100. The fixing of the connecting sleeve 41 to the end of the core 100 can be achieved by tightening with a set screw or by using a chuck-like structure for connection and locking. An eccentric boss 411 is integrally formed on the end face of the connecting sleeve 41 away from the lower mold 2. The axis of the eccentric boss 411 is parallel to but does not coincide with the axis of the connecting sleeve 41.

[0077] The guide plate 42 is fixed to the frame 1 and located on the side of the lower mold 2. The guide plate 42 has a guide groove 421 on the side facing the connecting sleeve 41. The extension direction of the guide groove 421 forms a preset angle with the vertical direction, such as 10°-20°. The eccentric boss 411 of the connecting sleeve 41 extends into the guide groove 421, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss contacts the inner wall of the guide groove 421, allowing it to roll and slide along the extension direction of the guide groove 421.

[0078] The driving rotation process is as follows: when the upper clamping plate 32 and lower clamping plate 22 locked by the locking mechanism 5 drive the surge arrester to rise, the surge arrester drives the connecting sleeve plate 41 to rise synchronously through the core 100. When the connecting sleeve plate 41 rises, the eccentric boss 411 at its end rolls and slides along the inner wall of the guide groove 421. Since the guide groove 421 is at an angle to the vertical direction, the eccentric boss 411 will generate a rotational displacement around the axis of the connecting sleeve plate 41 during its movement along the guide groove 421. This rotational displacement is transmitted to the core 100 through the connecting sleeve plate 41, thereby driving the core 100 and the insulating jacket 200 to rotate between the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22, and finally achieving flash shearing through the parting surface.

[0079] The core effect of this structure lies in power reuse. The demolding power generated by the upward movement of the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22 is directly converted into the power for the rotation of the core 100. This eliminates the need for additional power components such as motors and cylinders, reducing equipment costs and energy consumption, and avoiding interference between power components and high-temperature environments. Simultaneously, the included angle design of the guide groove 421 can be flexibly adjusted by replacing different models of guide plates 42 to regulate the rotation speed of the surge arrester during its ascent. By changing the angle between the guide groove 421 and the vertical direction, the rotation speed of the core 100 can be controlled, ensuring that flash of varying thicknesses is fully sheared by the parting surface. The rolling and sliding cooperation between the eccentric boss 411 and the guide groove 421 further reduces frictional loss, extends component lifespan, and ensures smooth movement, preventing vibrations during the core 100's rotation that could lead to uneven flash shearing.

[0080] To prevent the lower clamping plate 22 from rigidly colliding with the lower mold base 21 due to rapid falling under gravity after the locking mechanism 5 is unlocked, this solution incorporates a damping buffer structure between the lower mold base 21 and the lower clamping plate 22, as detailed below. Figure 3 , Figure 11 As shown. A plurality of damping cylinders 24 are embedded at intervals along the outer periphery of the top surface of the lower mold base 21. The axis of the damping cylinders 24 is arranged in the vertical direction, the cylinder body is fixed to the lower mold base 21, and the cylinder opening faces upward. A plurality of damping pistons 25 are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate 22. The number of damping pistons 25 corresponds one-to-one with the damping cylinders 24, and their outer diameters are adapted to the inner diameters of the damping cylinders 24. The lower ends of the damping pistons 25 extend into the damping cylinders 24, forming a damping fit with the inner wall of the damping cylinders 24. The gap between the damping cylinders 24 and the damping pistons 25 is filled with damping oil or damping gas.

[0081] When the locking mechanism 5 unlocks, the lower clamping plate 22 begins to descend under its own weight, causing the damping piston 25 to slide downwards along the inner wall of the damping cylinder 24. At this time, the damping medium in the damping cylinder 24 needs to slowly flow out from the gap between the damping piston 25 and the cylinder wall, forming a damping force that hinders the descent of the damping piston 25. This damping force significantly slows down the descent speed of the lower clamping plate 22. When the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate 22 contacts the top surface of the lower mold base 21, the damping piston 25 has just descended to the bottom of the damping cylinder 24, and the lower clamping plate 22 is placed stably on the lower mold base 21 without rigid collision.

[0082] The damping buffer structure effectively protects the lower clamping plate 22 and the lower mold base 21, preventing structural damage caused by rigid collisions and extending the service life of the mold components. Simultaneously, the slow descent of the lower clamping plate 22 allows for stable placement of the surge arrester, preventing relative displacement between the core 100 and the insulating jacket 200 due to impact, or cracks in the skirt of the insulating jacket 200. Furthermore, this structure requires no additional control components; buffering is achieved solely through mechanical coordination, resulting in high reliability. The damping force can be controlled by adjusting the viscosity of the damping medium or the gap size, adapting to lower clamping plates 22 and surge arresters of varying weights.

[0083] To improve the ease of loading and alignment accuracy of the core 100, this solution includes a sliding lower mold 2 and a loading groove 422 with a flared section 423, as detailed below. Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 12 As shown. A loading platform 11 is fixedly provided on the side of the frame 1. This platform is used to place the core 100 to be loaded and the rubber raw material. The lower mold 2 can slide horizontally towards or away from the upper mold 3. The lower mold 2 and the frame 1 are guided by a sliding guide rail 8. A driving component 6 is provided on the frame 1. A lead screw 7 is connected to the rotation output end of the driving component 6 through a coupling. The lead screw 7 is threadedly connected to the lower mold 2. The driving component 6 can drive the lead screw 7 to rotate, so as to drive the lower mold 2 to slide on the frame 1. The frame 1 is provided with positioning protrusions 9 that match the loading station and processing station of the lower mold 2.

[0084] After the lower mold 2 slides to directly below the upper mold 3, the side of the lower mold 2 closest to the drive component 6 can abut against the positioning protrusion 9 to position the processing station of the lower mold 2.

[0085] When the lower mold 2 slides onto the loading platform 11, the side of the lower mold 2 away from the drive component 6 can abut against the positioning protrusion 9 located on the loading platform 11 to position the unloading station of the lower mold 2.

[0086] A feeding groove 422 is provided on the side wall of the guide plate 42 near the feeding platform 11. The extension direction of the feeding groove 422 is consistent with the sliding direction of the lower mold 2, and one end is connected to the lower end of the guide groove 421, while the other end extends to the edge of the guide plate 42 near the feeding platform 11. When feeding, the lower mold 2 slides to the feeding position, and the core 100 is placed in the vulcanizing tank of the lower mold. Its two ends are connected to the connecting sleeve 41, and the eccentric boss 411 of the connecting sleeve 41 is aligned with the opening end of the feeding groove 422. The driving mechanism of the lower mold can drive the lower mold 2 to slide towards the mold closing position. The connecting sleeve 41 moves synchronously with the core 100, and the eccentric boss 411 slides along the inner wall of the feeding groove 422 until the lower mold 2 reaches the mold closing position. At this point, the eccentric boss 411 enters the guide groove 421, completing the docking between the rotation driving mechanism 4 and the core 100.

[0087] The feeding groove 422 has a flared section 423 at one end near the feeding platform 11. The opening size of the flared section 423 gradually increases in the direction away from the guide groove 421, and the inner wall is a smoothly transitioning slope. The minimum opening size of the flared section 423 corresponds to the width of the main body of the feeding groove 422, and the maximum opening size is greater than the outer diameter of the eccentric boss 411. When feeding, even if there is a slight deviation in the placement position of the core 100, causing the eccentric boss 411 to be misaligned with the axis of the main body of the feeding groove 422, the slope of the flared section 423 can still guide the eccentric boss 411. The eccentric boss 411 first contacts the slope of the flared section 423, and as the lower mold 2 slides, it automatically adjusts its position along the slope and finally slides into the main body of the feeding groove 422, avoiding feeding jamming caused by misalignment.

[0088] The sliding lower mold 2 works in conjunction with the loading platform 11 to transfer the loading operation to an area away from the upper mold 3, avoiding operators working below the upper mold 3 and significantly improving operational safety. Simultaneously, the spacious loading area facilitates the placement of the core 100 and filling rubber material, reducing loading difficulty. The loading groove 422 and the flared section 423 improve loading efficiency and alignment accuracy. The loading groove 422 ensures that the eccentric boss 411 automatically enters the guide groove 421 as the lower mold 2 slides, eliminating the need for manual adjustment of the connecting sleeve 41. The flared section 423 reduces the alignment accuracy requirements for loading; even if the core 100 is slightly misplaced, it can be automatically corrected by the inclined guide, avoiding loading failure and improving the equipment's fault tolerance.

[0089] To prevent interference between the guide post 33 and the lower mold 2 when the upper mold 3 descends and closes, this design incorporates clearance holes 26 on the lower mold 2, as detailed below. Figure 3 , Figure 6As shown. The lower clamping plate 22 and lower mold base 21 of the lower mold 2 are both provided with several clearance holes 26. The number of clearance holes 26 corresponds one-to-one with the guide pillars 33 of the upper mold 3, and their axes are aligned with the guide pillars 33. The diameter of the clearance hole 26 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide pillar 33, and its depth meets the maximum stroke requirement of the guide pillar 33 when it descends. That is, when the upper mold 3 is closed, the lower end of the guide pillar 33 can be completely inserted into the clearance hole 26. Simultaneously, the outer diameter of the limiting boss 331 at the lower end of the guide pillar 33 is smaller than the diameter of the clearance hole 26, allowing it to slide up and down within the clearance hole 26 along with the guide pillar 33.

[0090] When the upper mold 3 descends and closes, the guide post 33 descends synchronously with the upper mold base 31, and its lower end gradually extends into the clearance hole 26. The limiting boss 331 also slides within the clearance hole 26 until the upper mold 3 is fully closed. The lower end of the guide post 33 remains within the clearance hole 26 and does not contact the lower mold base 21. When the upper mold 3 rises, the guide post 33 rises synchronously with the upper mold base 31 and is pulled out from the clearance hole 26.

[0091] The design of the clearance hole 26 completely solves the interference problem between the guide post 33 and the lower mold 2, ensuring smooth mold closing. At the same time, the one-to-one correspondence between the clearance hole 26 and the guide post 33 further enhances the guiding effect during mold closing. When the guide post 33 slides within the clearance hole 26, the inner wall of the clearance hole 26 can constrain the radial displacement of the guide post 33, preventing the guide post 33 from bending or shifting due to excessive mold closing pressure. This ensures the alignment accuracy of the vulcanizing groove of the upper mold and the vulcanizing groove of the lower mold, thereby guaranteeing the dimensional stability of the vulcanizing cavity.

[0092] To more clearly demonstrate the overall operation of this solution, the complete work process is described below.

[0093] During the loading stage, the lower mold 2 slides along the frame 1 to the loading position, aligning with the loading platform 11. The operator places the core 100 into the lower plate groove 221 of the lower clamping plate 22, and then fills the lower mold vulcanizing tank and the outer periphery of the core 100 with rubber raw material. Subsequently, the connecting sleeve 41 is connected and fixed to both ends of the core 100, and the eccentric boss 411 of the connecting sleeve 41 is aligned with the flared section 423 of the loading groove 422. The lower mold 2 is pushed to slide towards the mold closing position, and the eccentric boss 411 slides along the inclined surface of the flared section 423 into the main body of the loading groove 422, and finally enters the guide groove 421, so that the lower mold 2 is directly below the upper mold 3.

[0094] During the mold closing and vulcanization stages, the upper mold base 31 of the upper mold 3 drives the upper clamping plate 32 to descend. During the descent, the guide post 33 extends into the clearance hole 26 of the lower mold 2, ensuring precise alignment between the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22. The locking boss 51 of the upper clamping plate 32 contacts the locking block 55 of the lower clamping plate 22, pushing the locking block 55 back until the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22 are in contact. Under the action of the locking elastic element 56, the locking block 55 enters the locking groove 52, achieving locking. The upper mold base 31 continues to descend, applying mold closing pressure. At the same time, the heating system is activated, applying high temperature to the vulcanization cavity, and the rubber raw material begins the vulcanization reaction.

[0095] During the flash shearing stage, after the rubber raw material is vulcanized, the upper mold base 31 begins to rise, while the upper clamping plate 32 rises later due to gravity, simultaneously driving the locked lower clamping plate 22 to rise synchronously. The lower clamping plate 22 drives the core 100, insulating jacket 200, and connecting sleeve 41 to rise. The eccentric boss 411 of the connecting sleeve 41 slides along the guide groove 421, driving the core 100 and insulating jacket 200 to rotate. During the rotation of the insulating jacket 200, the parting surface shears the flash on its outer periphery, causing the flash to fall off.

[0096] During the demolding and unlocking phase, after the upper clamping plate 32 and the lower clamping plate 22 rise to their extreme positions, the abutment rod 58 of the frame 1 extends into the clearance slot 57, pushing the locking block 55 to retract and releasing the locking mechanism. The lower clamping plate 22 descends under gravity, and the damping piston 25 slides along the damping cylinder 24, generating a buffering force, allowing the lower clamping plate 22 to descend smoothly onto the lower mold base 21. The upper mold base 31 continues to rise, causing the upper clamping plate 32 to rise, and the insulating jacket 200 completely detaches from the upper mold vulcanizing tank.

[0097] During the material feeding stage, the lower mold 2 slides to the feeding position, and the operator removes the connecting sleeve 41 to take the formed surge arrester out of the vulcanizing tank of the lower mold, completing one production cycle.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters, used for vulcanizing and molding an insulating jacket (200) around a core (100) to form a surge arrester, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); The lower mold (2) is provided on the frame (1), and the top surface of the lower mold (2) is provided with a lower mold vulcanization groove; The upper mold (3) is lifted and mounted on the frame (1) and located above the lower mold (2). The bottom surface of the upper mold (3) has an upper mold vulcanization groove. When the upper mold (3) descends and closes with the lower mold (2), the upper mold vulcanization groove and the lower mold vulcanization groove together enclose and form a vulcanization cavity. Two rotating drive mechanisms (4) are both mounted on the frame (1) and located on both sides of the lower mold (2). The two rotating drive mechanisms (4) are respectively used to detachably connect to both ends of the core (100) to drive the core (100) and the insulating jacket (200) to rotate in the vulcanization cavity, and to shear the vulcanization flash on the outer periphery of the insulating jacket (200) through the mold closing and parting surfaces of the upper mold (3) and the lower mold (2). The upper mold (3) includes an upper mold base (31) and an upper clamping plate (32) that is lifted and disposed below the upper mold base (31). The bottom of the upper mold base (31) is provided with a plurality of downwardly extending and through guide posts (33). The lower end of the guide posts (33) is provided with a limiting boss (331) for supporting and limiting the upper clamping plate (32). The bottom surface of the upper mold base (31) is provided with an upper mold groove (311). The upper clamping plate (32) is provided with an upper plate groove (321). The upper mold groove (311) and the upper plate groove (321) are interconnected to form the vulcanizing groove of the upper mold. The lower mold (2) includes a lower mold base (21) and a lower clamping plate (22) that is lifted and lowered on the lower mold base (21). The lower mold base (21) has a lower mold groove (211) on its top surface. The lower clamping plate (22) has a lower plate groove (221) that passes through it. The lower mold groove (211) and the lower plate groove (221) are interconnected to form the lower mold vulcanization groove. When the surge arrester is vulcanized, as the upper mold base (31) rises, the upper clamping plate (32) can rise behind the upper mold base (31) under the combined action of its own weight and the limiting boss (331), so that the insulating jacket (200) can be separated from the upper mold groove (311); the lower clamping plate (22) can rise to maintain its contact with the upper clamping plate (32), and drive the core (100) and the insulating jacket (200) to rise, thereby causing the insulating jacket (200) to be separated from the lower mold groove (211). The lower mold (2) is provided with a plurality of clearance holes (26) that correspond one-to-one with the guide post (33), and the limiting boss (331) can slide up and down within the clearance holes (26).

2. The vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 1, characterized in that, A locking mechanism (5) is provided between the upper clamping plate (32) and the lower clamping plate (22). After the upper clamping plate (32) moves down and fits against the lower clamping plate (22), the locking mechanism (5) can lock the lower clamping plate (22) onto the upper clamping plate (32) so as to drive the lower clamping plate (22) to rise.

3. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation drive mechanism (4) includes: A connecting sleeve (41) is used for detachable connection with the end of the core (100), and an eccentric boss (411) is provided on the end face of the connecting sleeve (41) away from the lower mold (2). A guide plate (42) is provided on the frame (1) and located on the side of the lower mold (2). A guide groove (421) is provided on the guide plate (42). The extension direction of the guide groove (421) is set at an angle with the vertical direction. The eccentric boss (411) extends into the guide groove (421) and rolls and slides with the guide groove (421). When the upper clamping plate (32) and the lower clamping plate (22) drive the surge arrester and the connecting sleeve plate (41) to rise, the eccentric boss (411) rolls and slides along the guide groove (421) so as to drive the surge arrester to rotate between the upper clamping plate (32) and the lower clamping plate (22) through the connecting sleeve plate (41) and cut off the vulcanized flash on the outer periphery of the insulating jacket (200).

4. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper clamping plate (32) has several snap-fit ​​protrusions (51), each of which has a radially penetrating snap-fit ​​groove (52); the lower clamping plate (22) has snap-fit ​​through holes (53) corresponding to the snap-fit ​​protrusions (51) for the snap-fit ​​protrusions (51) to pass through, and the inner peripheral wall of the snap-fit ​​through hole (53) has a radially extending sliding channel (54); the snap-fit ​​mechanism (5) includes: The snap-fit ​​block (55) is slidably connected within the sliding channel (54); A snap-fit ​​elastic element (56) is provided in the sliding channel (54). The snap-fit ​​elastic element (56) is used to elastically push the snap-fit ​​block (55) out of the sliding channel (54). The top of the snap-fit ​​block (55) has an inclined abutment surface (551). The inclined abutment surface (551) gradually slopes downward on the side near the center of the snap-fit ​​through hole (53). When the upper clamping plate (32) descends, the snap-fit ​​boss (51) can abut against the inclined abutment surface (551) to push the snap-fit ​​block (55) to compress the snap-fit ​​elastic member (56) and retract into the sliding channel (54); When the upper clamping plate (32) is attached to the lower clamping plate (22), the snap-fit ​​groove (52) is connected to the sliding channel (54), and the snap-fit ​​block (55) can enter the snap-fit ​​groove (52) under the pushing action of the snap-fit ​​elastic member (56) to lock the relative position of the lower clamping plate (22) and the upper clamping plate (32).

5. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper clamping plate (32) is provided with a plurality of clearance slots (57) that correspond one-to-one with the snap-fit ​​protrusions (51). The clearance slots (57) pass through the upper clamping plate (32) and the snap-fit ​​protrusions (51). The clearance slots (57) are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction through which the snap-fit ​​grooves (52) pass and are connected to the snap-fit ​​grooves (52). The upper part of the frame (1) is provided with several downward extending abutment rods (58) that correspond one-to-one with the clearance through slots (57). When the upper clamping plate (32) drives the lower clamping plate (22) to rise to the limit position, the lower end of the abutting rod (58) can extend into the clearance through groove (57) and abut against the inclined abutting surface (551) to push the locking block (55) back into the sliding channel (54), thereby releasing the position restriction of the lower clamping plate (22) relative to the upper clamping plate (32).

6. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the lower mold base (21) is provided with a number of damping cylinders (24), and the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate (22) is provided with a number of damping pistons (25) that correspond one-to-one with the damping cylinders (24) for damping.

7. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a loading platform (11) on its side. The lower mold (2) is slidably mounted on the frame (1) and can slide towards or away from the upper mold (3). The guide plate (42) has a loading groove (422) on its side wall near the loading platform (11) that communicates with the guide groove (421). The loading groove (422) extends along the sliding direction of the lower mold (2). The eccentric boss (411) can slide along the loading groove (422) to enter the guide groove (421).

8. A vulcanizing machine for producing surge arresters according to claim 7, characterized in that, The feeding trough (422) has a flared section (423) at one end near the feeding platform (11).

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