Special screw extruder for PBT melt spinning

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of screw extruders, in particular to a PBT melt spinning special screw extruder which comprises a machine base, an extruder body fixed to the top of the machine base and a hopper fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body. A plurality of first connecting supports which are evenly distributed and a plurality of second connecting supports which are evenly distributed are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper, and first spray heads and second spray heads are rotationally installed at one ends of the first connecting supports and one ends of the second connecting supports correspondingly. A first driving mechanism and a first adjusting mechanism matched with the first driving mechanism are arranged outside the hopper, and a plurality of evenly-distributed second adjusting mechanisms are arranged outside the hopper. The PBT extruder has the beneficial effects that air is prevented from entering the extruder body to react with PBT in a molten state, so that the color and the viscosity of PBT melt are prevented from changing, and the quality of a final product is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of screw extruders, in particular to a screw extruder dedicated for PBT melt spinning. Background Art

[0002] PBT melt spinning is a process of melting polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) by heating and then extruding it into fibers. In this process, a screw extruder is used. The screw extruder melts the solid PBT (granules or powder) into a viscous flow state at high temperature, and then extrudes a thin stream through a spinneret. After cooling and solidification, it forms a continuous fiber.

[0003] When molten (240-260°C), PBT is susceptible to thermal oxidation reactions with oxygen, leading to molecular chain breakage. The hopper of a traditional screw extruder is usually open, and when raw materials are poured into the hopper, some air is carried into the screw extruder. The molten PBT inside the screw extruder reacts with the oxygen in the air, changing the color of the PBT melt to yellow or brown. The viscosity of the PBT melt also decreases, which in turn reduces the strength of the extruded fiber and the quality of the final product. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a screw extruder dedicated for PBT melt spinning to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A screw extruder dedicated to PBT melt spinning, comprising a machine base, an extruder body fixed to the top of the machine base, and a hopper fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body, the outside of the hopper is provided with a nitrogen delivery mechanism, the inner wall of the hopper is fixedly provided with a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets 1 and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets 2, one end of the plurality of connecting brackets 1 and the plurality of connecting brackets 2 are respectively rotatably provided with nozzles 1 and nozzles 2, the outside of the hopper is provided with a driving mechanism 1 and an adjusting mechanism 1 cooperating therewith, the outside of the hopper is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed adjusting mechanisms 2, the outside of the hopper is provided with a driving mechanism 2 and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting mechanisms cooperating therewith.

[0006] Preferably, the nitrogen delivery mechanism includes two annular nitrogen nozzles, which are distributed up and down and fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hopper. The two annular nitrogen nozzles are connected to a plurality of evenly distributed hoses on one side close to the hopper. The ends of the plurality of hoses away from the annular nitrogen nozzles are respectively connected to the corresponding nozzles 1 and 2, and one end of the two annular nitrogen nozzles is commonly connected to a delivery pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a rotating disk, which is rotatably installed on the outside of the hopper, and a plurality of evenly distributed transmission grooves are opened at the end of the rotating disk, and a transmission rod is movably installed inside the plurality of transmission grooves, and an adjusting rod is fixedly installed on the outside of the top end of the plurality of transmission rods, and the plurality of adjusting rods are slidably connected to the hopper, and a connecting rod is rotatably installed at the end of the plurality of adjusting rods away from the rotating disk, and the top ends of the plurality of connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzles.

[0008] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a gear and a gear ring. The driving motor is fixedly installed on one side of the hopper, the output shaft end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the gear, the gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk, and the gear is meshed with the gear ring.

[0009] Preferably, the second adjusting mechanism includes a second adjusting rod, the second adjusting rod is slidably connected to the hopper, the end of the second adjusting rod close to the multiple nozzles is connected to a second connecting rod, the top of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzle, the external fixed sleeve of the second adjusting rod away from the end of the second connecting rod is provided with a limiting ring plate, the external sleeve of the end of the second adjusting rod away from the end of the second connecting rod is provided with a spring, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the outside of the second adjusting rod and the outside of the hopper.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a mounting block and a rectangular frame, the mounting block is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the corresponding transmission rod one, the mounting block is movably arranged inside the rectangular frame, the rectangular frame is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting rod two, a lifting rod is slidably mounted inside the mounting block, the transmission rod two is fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod, and push blocks are slidably mounted at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block, and a gear group one is fixedly mounted on the side of the two push blocks away from each other, a transmission groove two is provided inside the two push blocks, and the two transmission rods two are respectively slidably mounted inside the two transmission grooves two, and a gear group two is fixedly mounted on both sides of the rectangular frame close to the inner wall of the corresponding adjusting rod two, and the two groups of gear groups one cooperate with the two groups of gear groups two respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the second driving mechanism includes an annular connecting plate and a cylinder, two guide rods are slidably sleeved on both ends of the annular connecting plate, and multiple guide rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper, the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper, and the telescopic shaft end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the annular connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of evenly distributed sliding grooves are opened at the end of the annular connecting plate, and a limiting slider is slidably installed inside the plurality of sliding grooves, and the bottoms of the plurality of limiting sliders are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding transmission rods 2.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The nitrogen delivery mechanism is set up to deliver nitrogen to the interior of the multiple nozzles 1 and the multiple nozzles 2 to replace the air inside the hopper. When the PBT raw material is poured in, the air carried by the PBT raw material can be discharged to prevent the air from entering the extruder body and reacting with the molten PBT, thereby preventing the color and viscosity of the PBT melt from changing, thereby ensuring the quality of the final product.

[0014] By cooperating with the driving mechanism 1 and the adjusting mechanism 1, when the PBT raw material is powder, the adjusting mechanism 1 can adjust the angles of the multiple nozzles 1 so that the openings of the multiple nozzles 1 are tilted downward, thereby reducing the possibility of the multiple nozzles 1 being blocked by the powdered PBT raw material rising.

[0015] Through the provided driving mechanism 2 and multiple connecting mechanisms, the transmission rod 1 can be connected to the corresponding adjusting rod 2. Then, through the operation of the driving mechanism 1, the rotating disk rotates back and forth, the multiple adjusting rods 2 and the multiple adjusting rods 1 move synchronously, and the multiple nozzles 1 and the multiple nozzles 2 rotate repeatedly to achieve a swinging effect. When the inside of the hopper is blocked by PBT raw materials, the inside of the hopper can be dredged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the hopper of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of multiple nozzles and an annular nitrogen nozzle according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating disk and the annular connecting plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rotating disk of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of multiple nozzles 2 and an annular nitrogen nozzle according to the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission rod of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting rod 2 of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 7Schematic diagram of the local structure in.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each reference number is as follows: 1. Machine base; 2. Extruder body; 3. Hopper; 4. Annular nitrogen nozzle; 5. Hose; 6. Delivery pipe; 7. Nozzle 1; 8. Nozzle 2; 9. Rotating disk; 10. Transmission groove 1; 11. Transmission rod 1; 12. Adjusting rod 1; 13. Connecting rod 1; 14. Driving motor; 15. Gear; 16. Gear ring; 17. Adjusting rod 2; 18. Connecting rod 2; 19. Limiting ring plate; 20. Spring; 21. Mounting block; 22. Lifting rod; 23. Transmission rod 2; 24. Push block; 25. Gear group 1; 26. Transmission groove 2; 27. Rectangular frame; 28. Gear group 2; 29. ​​Annular connecting plate; 30. Cylinder; 31. Guide rod; 32. Slide; 33. Limiting slider; 34. Connecting bracket 1; 35. Connecting bracket 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention provides a technical solution: Figures 1-12 The screw extruder shown is dedicated to PBT melt spinning, comprising a machine base 1, an extruder body 2 fixed to the top of the machine base 1, and a hopper 3 fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body 2. A nitrogen delivery mechanism is provided on the outside of the hopper 3. A plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets 1 34 and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets 2 35 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper 3. A nozzle 1 7 and a nozzle 2 8 are rotatably installed on one end of the plurality of connecting brackets 1 34 and the plurality of connecting brackets 2 35 respectively. A driving mechanism 1 and an adjusting mechanism 1 cooperating therewith are provided on the outside of the hopper 3. A plurality of evenly distributed adjusting mechanisms 2 are provided on the outside of the hopper 3. A driving mechanism 2 and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting mechanisms cooperating therewith are provided on the outside of the hopper 3.

[0020] The nitrogen delivery mechanism includes two annular nitrogen nozzles 4, which are distributed up and down and fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hopper 3. The two annular nitrogen nozzles 4 are connected to a plurality of evenly distributed hoses 5 on the side close to the hopper 3. The ends of the plurality of hoses 5 away from the annular nitrogen nozzles 4 are respectively connected to the corresponding nozzle 1 7 and nozzle 2 8. One end of the two annular nitrogen nozzles 4 is connected to a delivery pipe 6.

[0021] The adjusting mechanism includes a rotating disk 9, which is rotatably installed on the outside of the hopper 3. A plurality of evenly distributed transmission grooves 10 are opened at the end of the rotating disk 9. A transmission rod 11 is movably installed inside the plurality of transmission grooves 10. An adjusting rod 12 is fixedly installed on the outside of the top end of the plurality of transmission rods 11. The plurality of adjusting rods 12 are all slidingly connected to the hopper 3. A connecting rod 13 is rotatably installed on the end of the plurality of adjusting rods 12 away from the rotating disk 9. The top ends of the plurality of connecting rods 13 are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzles 7.

[0022] The driving mechanism 1 includes a driving motor 14, a gear 15 and a gear ring 16. The driving motor 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the hopper 3. The output shaft end of the driving motor 14 is fixedly connected to the gear 15. The gear ring 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk 9, and the gear 15 and the gear ring 16 are meshed.

[0023] The second adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting rod 2 17, which is slidingly connected to the hopper 3. The end of the adjusting rod 2 17 close to the multiple nozzles 2 8 is connected to the connecting rod 2 18, and the top of the connecting rod 2 18 is rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzle 2 8. The external fixed sleeve of the adjusting rod 2 17 away from the end of the connecting rod 2 18 is provided with a limiting ring plate 19, and the external sleeve of the adjusting rod 2 17 away from the end of the connecting rod 2 18 is provided with a spring 20. The two ends of the spring 20 are respectively fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting rod 2 17 and the outside of the hopper 3.

[0024] The connecting mechanism includes a mounting block 21 and a rectangular frame 27. The mounting block 21 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the corresponding transmission rod 11. The mounting block 21 is movably arranged inside the rectangular frame 27. The rectangular frame 27 is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting rod 2 17. A lifting rod 22 is slidably mounted inside the mounting block 21. Transmission rod 23 is fixedly mounted on both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod 22. Push blocks 24 are slidably mounted on both ends of the bottom of the mounting block 21. A latch gear group 1 25 is fixedly mounted on the side away from each other of the two push blocks 24. A transmission groove 26 is provided inside the two push blocks 24. The two transmission rods 23 are respectively slidably mounted inside the two transmission grooves 26. A latch gear group 28 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the rectangular frame 27 close to the corresponding adjusting rod 2 17. The two groups of latch gear groups 1 25 respectively cooperate with the two groups of latch gear groups 2 28.

[0025] The second driving mechanism includes an annular connecting plate 29 and a cylinder 30. Two guide rods 31 are slidably sleeved on both ends of the annular connecting plate 29. The multiple guide rods 31 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper 3. The cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper 3, and the telescopic shaft end of the cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular connecting plate 29.

[0026] The end of the annular connecting plate 29 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed slide grooves 32 , and the interiors of the plurality of slide grooves 32 are all slidably installed with limit sliders 33 , and the bottoms of the plurality of limit sliders 33 are respectively fixedly connected to their corresponding transmission rods 23 .

[0027] Working principle: First, nitrogen is transported to the inside of the two annular nitrogen nozzles 4 through the transport pipe 6. In the initial state, the openings of the multiple nozzles 1 7 are tilted upward, and the openings of the multiple nozzles 2 8 are tilted downward. The nitrogen inside the two annular nitrogen nozzles 4 is passed through multiple hoses 5 to the corresponding nozzles 1 7 and nozzles 2 8 and sprayed into the hopper 3. The sprayed nitrogen replaces the air inside the hopper 3 and discharges the air inside the hopper 3. Subsequently, PBT raw materials are poured into the hopper 3. The nitrogen sprayed from the multiple nozzles 7 tilted upward diffuses upward to form an "air plug" effect, which effectively isolates the outside air from infiltrating from the feed port. The air in the PBT raw material is discharged outside the hopper 3. The airflow ejected by the multiple downward-sloping nozzles 8 is concentrated on the upper part of the feed port of the extruder body 2, thereby giving priority to protecting the high-temperature area. The nitrogen delivery mechanism is provided to deliver nitrogen to the interior of the multiple nozzles 7 and the multiple nozzles 8 to replace the air inside the hopper 3. When the PBT raw material is poured in, the air carried by the PBT raw material can be discharged to prevent the air from entering the interior of the extruder body 2 and reacting with the molten PBT, thereby preventing the color and viscosity of the PBT melt from changing, thereby ensuring the quality of the final product. When the PBT raw material is powder, the drive motor 14 is started, driving the gear 15 connected thereto to rotate, and then driving the gear ring 16 to rotate, and the rotating disk 9 rotates, and then driving the multiple transmission grooves 10 at its end to rotate, and the multiple transmission rods 11 drive the corresponding adjustment rods 12 and the mounting blocks 21 at the bottom thereof to move synchronously, and the limiting sliders 33 on the tops of the multiple lifting rods 22 slide in the corresponding slide grooves 32, and the multiple adjustment rods 12 drive the corresponding connecting rods 13 to rotate, and the multiple nozzles 7 rotate in the corresponding connecting brackets 34, so that the openings of the multiple nozzles 7 are tilted downward, thereby reducing the possibility of the multiple nozzles 7 being blocked by the rising powdered PBT raw materials; When the PBT raw material inside the hopper 3 is clogged, the openings of the multiple nozzles 7 are first tilted upward, and then the cylinder 30 is started to push the annular connecting plate 29 down. The annular connecting plate 29 steadily descends along the multiple guide rods 31. The annular connecting plate 29 acts on multiple connecting mechanisms, and the movement process of one of the connecting mechanisms is as follows: as the annular connecting plate 29 moves downward, the limit slider 33 and the lifting rod 22 at the bottom thereof are driven to descend, and the transmission rods 23 at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod 22 slide in their respective corresponding transmission grooves 26. The two push blocks 24 are forced to move away from each other at the same time, thereby driving the two sets of latch gear groups 25 to move synchronously, and the two sets of latch gear groups 25 are respectively engaged in the two sets of latch gear groups. 28, thereby connecting the mounting block 21 to the rectangular frame 27; the movement processes of the remaining multiple connecting mechanisms are the same as described above. At this time, multiple transmission rods 11 are connected to their corresponding adjusting rods 2 17, and then the rotating disk 9 is rotated back and forth through the operation of the driving mechanism 1, and the multiple adjusting rods 2 17 and the multiple adjusting rods 1 12 move synchronously, and the multiple nozzles 1 7 and the multiple nozzles 2 8 are repeatedly rotated to achieve a swinging effect, so that the inside of the hopper 3 can be dredged. After the dredging is completed, the annular connecting plate 29 is raised, and then the multiple groups of latch gear groups 1 25 are disengaged from the corresponding latch gear groups 2 28, and the multiple adjusting rods 2 17 are reset under the action of their corresponding springs 20, thereby resetting the multiple nozzles 2 8.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0029] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A screw extruder for PBT melt spinning, comprising a machine base (1), an extruder body (2) fixed on the top of the machine base (1), and a hopper (3) fixed on one end of the top of the extruder body (2), characterized in that: The outside of the hopper (3) is provided with a nitrogen delivery mechanism, the inner wall of the hopper (3) is fixedly provided with a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets (34) and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets (35), one end of the plurality of connecting brackets (34) and the plurality of connecting brackets (35) are rotatably provided with nozzles (7) and nozzles (8), respectively, the outside of the hopper (3) is provided with a driving mechanism (1) and an adjusting mechanism (1) that cooperates with the driving mechanism (1), the outside of the hopper (3) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed adjusting mechanisms (2), and the outside of the hopper (3) is provided with a driving mechanism (2) and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting mechanisms that cooperate with the driving mechanism (2).

2. A screw extruder dedicated for PBT melt spinning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen delivery mechanism comprises two annular nitrogen nozzles (4), which are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hopper (3) in an upper and lower distribution. The two annular nitrogen nozzles (4) are connected to a plurality of uniformly distributed hoses (5) on one side close to the hopper (3). The ends of the plurality of hoses (5) away from the annular nitrogen nozzles (4) are respectively connected to the corresponding nozzles 1 (7) and 2 (8). One end of the two annular nitrogen nozzles (4) is connected to a delivery pipe (6) in common.

3. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism comprises a rotating disk (9), the rotating disk (9) being rotatably mounted on the outside of the hopper (3), a plurality of evenly distributed transmission grooves (10) being provided at the end of the rotating disk (9), a transmission rod (11) being movably mounted inside the plurality of transmission grooves (10), an regulating rod (12) being fixedly mounted on the outside of the top ends of the plurality of transmission rods (11), the plurality of regulating rods (12) being slidably connected to the hopper (3), a connecting rod (13) being rotatably mounted on the end of the plurality of regulating rods (12) away from the rotating disk (9), and the top ends of the plurality of connecting rods (13) being rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzles (7).

4. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism 1 comprises a driving motor (14), a gear (15) and a gear ring (16); the driving motor (14) is fixedly mounted on one side of the hopper (3); the output shaft end of the driving motor (14) is fixedly connected to the gear (15); the gear ring (16) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk (9); and the gear (15) and the gear ring (16) are meshed.

5. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second regulating mechanism comprises a second regulating rod (17), the second regulating rod (17) being slidably connected to the hopper (3), the second regulating rod (17) being connected to a second connecting rod (18) at one end close to the plurality of nozzles (8), the top end of the second connecting rod (18) being rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzle (8), the second regulating rod (17) being provided with a limiting ring plate (19) on an external fixed sleeve away from one end of the second connecting rod (18), the second regulating rod (17) being provided with a spring (20) on an external sleeve away from one end of the second connecting rod (18), the two ends of the spring (20) being fixedly connected to the outside of the second regulating rod (17) and the outside of the hopper (3), respectively.

6. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes a mounting block (21) and a rectangular frame (27), wherein the mounting block (21) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the corresponding transmission rod 1 (11), and the mounting block (21) is movably arranged inside the rectangular frame (27), and the rectangular frame (27) is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjustment rod 2 (17), and a lifting rod (22) is slidably mounted inside the mounting block (21), and the transmission rod 2 (23) is fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod (22), and the two ends of the bottom of the mounting block (21) are fixedly mounted. A push block (24) is slidably mounted on each of the two push blocks (24), and a latching tooth group (25) is fixedly mounted on the side away from each other of the two push blocks (24). A transmission groove (26) is provided inside each of the two push blocks (24), and the two transmission rods (23) are slidably mounted inside the two transmission grooves (26). A latching tooth group (28) is fixedly mounted on both sides of the rectangular frame (27) close to the inner wall of the corresponding adjustment rod (17), and the two groups of the latching tooth group (25) cooperate with the two groups of the latching tooth group (28) respectively.

7. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism comprises an annular connecting plate (29) and a cylinder (30), two guide rods (31) are slidably sleeved on both ends of the annular connecting plate (29), a plurality of the guide rods (31) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper (3), the cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper (3), and the telescopic shaft end of the cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the annular connecting plate (29).

8. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the annular connecting plate (29) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed sliding grooves (32), and the interiors of the plurality of sliding grooves (32) are all slidably mounted with limiting sliders (33), and the bottoms of the plurality of limiting sliders (33) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding transmission rods (23).

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