Complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle paddle protection device, paddle protection method and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle paddle protection device, a paddle protection method and an unmanned aerial vehicle, the complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle paddle protection device comprises a fixed seat, the fixed seat is used for being arranged on a wing of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the fixed seat comprises a rotating track coaxially arranged with a paddle; the rotary ring is coaxially arranged on the outer part of the paddle in a sleeving manner, and the rotary ring is correspondingly arranged in the rotary track in a rotary manner; the protective cover is connected to the rotary ring, and the protective cover is of a hollow structure and covers the outer parts of the paddles; and the driving mechanisms are arranged on the wings, and the driving mechanisms drive the rotary rings and the protective covers to rotate, so that paddles of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be effectively protected, and the paddles are prevented from being damaged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly relates to a complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle blade protection device, a complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle blade protection method and an unmanned aerial vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nowadays, unmanned aerial vehicles can replace personnel to perform outdoor operations such as climbing, crossing, cargo transportation and inspection, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing operation risks to a certain extent. However, there are still some problems in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. For example, in the operation task in a complex mountain area, due to the complex terrain, cliffs, rocks, falling stones, branches and the like, the flight task will have a damage risk, especially the damage to the blades of the unmanned aerial vehicle, which will directly cause the unmanned aerial vehicle to lose the ability to continue flying, and the loss is large. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and a protection method capable of protecting the blades of the unmanned aerial vehicle. SUMMARY

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle blade protection device, a complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle blade protection method and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can effectively protect the blades of the unmanned aerial vehicle and avoid damage to the blades.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0005] A complex mountain type unmanned aerial vehicle blade protection device, comprising,

[0006] A fixing seat, which is arranged on a wing of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and comprises a rotating track coaxially arranged with a blade;

[0007] A swivel ring, which is coaxially sleeved outside the blade, and is coaxially arranged in the rotating track;

[0008] A protective cover, which is connected to the swivel ring, and is a hollow structure and covers the outside of the blade;

[0009] A driving mechanism, which is arranged on the wing, and drives the swivel ring and the protective cover to swivel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism comprises:

[0011] A transmission assembly, which is transmissionally connected to a shaft of the blade;

[0012] A displacement adjustment mechanism, which is arranged on the wing, and adjusts the engagement or disengagement of the transmission assembly with the swivel ring;

[0013] The protective cover has a protection state and a static state:

[0014] When the transmission assembly engages and drives the slewing ring, the protective cover rotates to form a protective state;

[0015] When the transmission assembly is disengaged from driving the slewing ring, the protective cover is stationary relative to the fixing seat to form a stationary state.

[0016] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a transmission wheel, a pulley, a transmission belt, and a transmission shaft. The transmission shaft movably passes through the wing. The transmission wheel and the pulley are coaxially spaced on the transmission shaft, and the transmission wheel and the pulley are separately arranged on the upper and lower sides of the wing. The transmission wheel is arranged corresponding to the slewing ring, and the transmission belt is transmitted to the pulley and the propeller shaft.

[0017] In the protection state, the transmission wheel drives the slewing ring; in the static state, the transmission wheel is separated from the slewing ring and the transmission belt is in a loose state.

[0018] In some embodiments, a through slot is provided on the wing for the transmission shaft to pass through, the length direction of the through slot is consistent with the movement direction of the transmission shaft when engaging or disengaging the transmission, the through slot guides the radial movement of the transmission shaft, and the guide slot limits the starting point and end point of the radial movement of the transmission shaft.

[0019] In some embodiments, the displacement adjustment mechanism includes:

[0020] A movable seat, the movable seat being movably arranged at the bottom of the wing in a direction parallel to the radial line of the slewing ring, the transmission shaft being axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable arranged on the movable seat;

[0021] An elastic component is provided at the bottom of the wing, and a movable end of the elastic component is connected to a side wall of the movable seat in the movable direction, and the movable seat is elastically moved back and forth in a direction parallel to the radial line of the slewing ring by the elastic component;

[0022] A magnetic member is provided on the other side wall of the movable seat opposite to the elastic component;

[0023] The magnetic generating component is fixedly arranged on the wing relative to the magnetic component, and the magnetic generating component generates magnetic force to pull the movable seat to move relative to the wing.

[0024] In some embodiments, the elastic component includes a support, a guide rod, and a spring member, wherein the support is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the wing, the guide rod is movably arranged on the support along the radial direction of the slewing ring, one end of the guide rod is connected to the movable seat, and the spring member is sleeved on the rod body of the guide rod located between the movable seat and the support, and the two ends of the spring member are respectively connected to the movable seat and the support;

[0025] When the spring member is in a free state, the protective cover is in a stationary state.

[0026] In some embodiments, the mounting includes:

[0027] A fixed half ring, wherein the inner ring side of the fixed half ring is concavely provided with a coaxial semi-ring groove, the two fixed half rings are joined together to form a circular ring structure, and the two semi-ring grooves are combined to form a rotating ring groove;

[0028] A locking accessory, which is provided corresponding to the joint of the two fixed half rings and locks the two fixed half rings;

[0029] The pressure sensing element is correspondingly arranged at the joint of the two fixed half rings and is used to detect whether the fixed half rings collide.

[0030] A method for protecting blades of a drone, comprising:

[0031] A fixing seat is provided on the wing of the UAV, wherein the fixing seat includes a rotating track coaxially arranged with the blade;

[0032] A slewing ring is rotatably arranged in the rotating track, and a protective cover is arranged on the slewing ring. The protective cover is a hollow structure and is arranged outside the blade;

[0033] In the running state, the slewing ring and the protective cover can be selectively driven to rotate by the driving mechanism to protect the blades.

[0034] In certain embodiments, a displacement adjustment mechanism is provided on the wing, and a transmission assembly is provided on the displacement adjustment mechanism. The transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the propeller shaft. The adjustment action of the displacement adjustment mechanism drives the transmission assembly to engage or disengage the transmission with the slewing ring, so that the protective cover has an activated protective state and a normal static state.

[0035] The UAV itself includes a collision detection module or a collision detection element is provided on the blade protection device. When it is detected that the UAV has suffered a collision or is actively stimulated by humans, the displacement adjustment mechanism drives the transmission assembly to engage with the slewing ring, thereby driving the protective cover to rotate to form a protective surface on the outside of the blade;

[0036] Under normal conditions or when the cover is manually closed, the displacement adjustment mechanism drives the transmission assembly to disengage the transmission from the slewing ring, and the protective cover is stationary relative to the fixing seat to form a stationary state, thereby reducing wind resistance.

[0037] A UAV having the blade protection device, or including the UAV blade protection method.

[0038] At least one of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0039] In this technical solution, by adding a fixing seat, a slewing ring and a protective cover to the wing, an all-round protective surface can be formed on the outside of the blade to avoid damage from obstacles such as trees and rocks during mountain flight, and the blades can be protected from damage even when the drone collides and overturns.

[0040] In this technical solution, the shift-adjustable transmission assembly engages and disengages the slewing ring, allowing the shield to have two states: static and protective. This allows the shield to enter different operating modes depending on the needs of the aircraft or the presence of a collision. In the static state, the shield remains stationary relative to the wing, reducing both energy consumption and wind resistance above the blades. Furthermore, the transmission assembly cleverly utilizes the kinetic energy of the blades, eliminating the need for additional mechanical components and significantly reducing the overall weight of the drone.

[0041] In this technical solution, through the coordinated arrangement of the displacement adjustment mechanism and the transmission assembly, a protective response can be performed in a very short time, which not only protects the blades from damage, but also greatly reduces the failure rate through the ingenious mechanical structure design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the UAV blade protection device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A top view of the UAV blade protection device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 AA half-section schematic diagram of the UAV blade protection device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part B of the UAV blade protection device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the drone blade protection device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 The figure is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a UAV with a UAV blade protection device according to the present invention.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 1. Fixed seat; 11. Rotating track; 2. Slewing ring; 3. Protective cover; 31. Rod structure;

[0050] 4. Driving mechanism;

[0051] 5. Transmission assembly; 51. Transmission wheel; 52. Pulley; 53. Transmission belt; 54. Transmission shaft; 55. Through slot;

[0052] 6. Displacement adjustment mechanism; 61. Moving seat 62. Elastic component 63. Magnetic member 64. Magnetic generating member; 620. Support; 621. Guide rod 622; Spring member;

[0053] 12. Fixed half ring; 111. Half ring groove; 13. Locking accessory; 14. Pressure sensing element;

[0054] 100. UAV; 101. Wing; 102. Propeller blade; 1021. Propeller shaft; 103. Propeller motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] For example, in complex mountainous terrain, where the terrain is complex and includes cliffs, rocks, fallen rocks, and branches, there is a risk of damage. Damage to the drone's propellers, in particular, can directly render the drone incapable of continuing to fly, resulting in significant losses. Therefore, comprehensive protection is required for the propellers of drones in flight to prevent damage.

[0057] As attached Figures 1-5 As shown, this case proposes a complex mountain-type UAV blade protection device, including:

[0058] A fixing base 1, which is used to be installed on the wing 101 of the UAV, and includes a rotating track 11 coaxially arranged with the blade 102;

[0059] A slewing ring 2 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the blade 102 and rotatably arranged in the rotating track 11;

[0060] A protective cover 3 is connected to the rotating ring 2, and the protective cover 3 is a hollow structure and covers the outside of the paddle 102.

[0061] A driving mechanism 4 is arranged on the wing 101, and the driving mechanism 4 drives the rotating ring 2 and the protective cover 3 to rotate.

[0062] The present scheme describes a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle paddle protection device suitable for complex mountain, mainly by fixed seat 1, rotating ring 2, protective cover 3 and driving mechanism 4.It is installed on the wing 101 of unmanned aerial vehicle in fixed seat 1, inside is equipped with with paddle 102 coaxial rotating track 11;Rotating ring 2 is covered in paddle 102 outside and can rotate in track;Protective cover 3 is connected in rotating ring 2, it is hollow structure, for covering paddle 102 and providing protection;Driving mechanism 4 is installed on wing 101, for driving rotating ring 2 and protective cover 3 rotation.

[0063] The design aims to effectively protect paddle 102 in complex mountain environment by rotatable protective cover 3, while maintaining its light and functionality.Can form all-around protective surface on the outside of paddle 102, avoid the damage of obstacles such as trees and rocks in mountain flight, also can protect paddle from damage when unmanned aerial vehicle collides and overturns.

[0064] As shown in Figures 1-3 And Figure 5 The design of protective cover 3 can form protection above paddle, but cannot affect the flight of unmanned aerial vehicle 100.Therefore, the structure of protective cover 3 above paddle 102 should be as little as possible.In the embodiment, protective cover 3 includes at least one arc-shaped rod structure 31, and both ends of the rod structure are connected to rotating ring 2.Because protective cover 3 can rotate in the present case, the structure of protective cover 3 can only include one arc-shaped rod structure.

[0065] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present scheme, the structure of protective cover 3 is two arc-shaped rod structures 31 arranged in cross, both ends of the rod structure are used for fixedly connected to rotating ring 2, and the intersection of the two arc-shaped rod structures is fixed, such as welding or binding operation.Under the premise of not affecting the flight of unmanned aerial vehicle, the strength and stability of protective cover can be increased.

[0066] Through the cooperative design of fixed seat 1, rotating ring 2 and protective cover 3, dynamic protection system is constructed outside paddle 102.The rotating track on fixed seat 1 is coaxially arranged with paddle, so that rotating ring 2 can rotate along the accurate path;Protective cover adopts arc-shaped rod structure 31 hollow structure to cover paddle, which forms physical barrier and avoids excessive weight gain.

[0067] Its core benefit lies in the following: when a drone encounters obstacles such as branches and rock faces in mountainous environments, the rotating shield 3 actively shatters or deflects the object, significantly reducing the risk of damage to the propeller blades 102. Furthermore, because the shield 3 cooperates with the rotating track 11 via a slewing ring, its motion trajectory remains coaxial with the propeller blades 102, minimizing airflow interference. The drive mechanism 4 directly controls the shield's start and stop, enabling on-demand activation of protective modes and addressing the inherent wind resistance inherent in traditional fixed protective nets.

[0068] In order to enable the square protective cover 3 to be started or closed as needed and to avoid adding heavy accessories such as additional motors, in some specific embodiments, the driving mechanism includes:

[0069] A transmission assembly 5, wherein the transmission assembly 5 is connected to the propeller shaft 1021 of the propeller 102;

[0070] A displacement adjustment mechanism 6 is provided on the wing 101 and adjusts the displacement of the transmission assembly 5 to engage or disengage the transmission with the slewing ring 2;

[0071] The protective cover 3 has a protective state and a static state:

[0072] When the transmission assembly 5 engages and drives the slewing ring 2, the protective cover 3 rotates to form a protective state;

[0073] When the transmission assembly 5 stops driving the slewing ring 2 , the protective cover 3 is stationary relative to the fixing base 1 to form a stationary state.

[0074] This embodiment defines that the drive mechanism 4 controls the meshing state of the transmission assembly 5 and the slewing ring 2 through the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 to realize the intelligent switching of the working mode of the protective cover 3. In the protective state, the transmission assembly 5 engages the slewing ring 2, so that the protective cover 3 rotates with the blade 102 to form a dynamic protective ring. In the static state, the transmission assembly 5 disengages the meshing ring, and the protective cover 3 remains fixed to the fixed seat 1 to reduce wind resistance. The key advantages of this design are: on the one hand, mechanical engagement is used to ensure that the protective cover 3 is always in an effective protective state in complex terrain; on the other hand, the disengagement mechanism eliminates energy consumption under non-essential working conditions, significantly improving the endurance. Without the need to add additional motors and batteries, it can not only meet the protective function at the same time, but also eliminate the turbulence effect of the protective cover during flight. As the execution unit of mode switching, the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 provides core technical guarantees for the drone 100 to adapt to multi-scenario flight requirements.

[0075] Among them, the structure of the transmission component 5 can be set according to needs, such as a magnetic engagement transmission mechanism, a belt transmission mechanism, a planetary gear set structure, etc., which can realize the transmission connection between the propeller shaft 1021 and the slewing ring 2.

[0076] In some specific embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a transmission wheel 51, a pulley 52, a transmission belt 53, and a transmission shaft 54. The transmission shaft 54 ​​movably passes through the wing 101. The transmission wheel 51 and the pulley 52 are coaxially spaced apart on the transmission shaft 54. The transmission wheel 54 is located above the wing 101 and corresponds to the inner wall of the slewing ring 2. The pulley 52 is located below the wing 101. The transmission wheel 51 and the pulley 52 are separately arranged on the upper and lower sides of the wing 101. The transmission wheel 51 is arranged corresponding to the slewing ring 2, that is, the transmission wheel 51 corresponds to the slewing ring 2 and can be meshed with the slewing ring 2 for transmission. The transmission belt 53 transmits power to the pulley 52 and the propeller shaft 1021. In the protected state, the transmission wheel 51 drives the slewing ring 2; in the static state, the transmission wheel 51 is detached from the slewing ring 2 and the transmission belt 53 is in a relaxed state, disconnecting the transmission path.

[0077] The transmission wheel 51 has an external gear structure, while the slewing ring 2 has an internal gear structure. This allows for meshing between the two and provides greater stability. Furthermore, since the propeller shaft 1021 rotates at high speed, the meshing transmission between the transmission wheel 51 and the slewing ring 2 also reduces the speed somewhat, preventing the protective cover from rotating at excessive speeds.

[0078] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the transmission assembly 5 is refined, and the transmission shaft 54 ​​passes through the wing 101 and separates the transmission wheel 51 and the pulley 52 to build an efficient power transmission chain. The pulley 52 is connected to the propeller shaft 1021 through the transmission belt 53 to obtain power, and the transmission wheel 51 directly drives the slewing ring 2. The radial movement of the transmission shaft 54 ​​enables the transmission wheel 51 to accurately engage or disengage the slewing ring 2; in the protective state, the transmission belt 53 is tensioned to transmit power, and in the static state, the transmission belt 53 is relaxed, the transmission is released, the slewing ring 2 stops rotating, and idling wear is avoided. This design not only maintains the reliability of power transmission, but also solves the turbulence effect of the fixed protective device on the blade 102 in the traditional solution through the detachable transmission, and solves the problem of the increase in weight caused by the need to add an additional power source for the rotating protective device, while simplifying the mechanical structure layout.

[0079] Preferably, in order to ensure smooth transmission, another pulley can be provided on the propeller shaft 1021 corresponding to the transmission belt. The pulley 52 can be a pulley or a gear, and the transmission belt 53 can be a belt or a gear belt. Specifically, the wing 101 is provided with a through slot 55 for the transmission shaft 54 ​​to pass through from top to bottom. The slot length direction of the through slot 55 is consistent with the movement direction of the transmission shaft 54 ​​for engaging or disengaging the transmission. The through slot 55 guides the radial movement of the transmission shaft 54, that is, the transmission shaft 54 ​​is displaced in the slot length direction of the through slot 55, and switches between the engaged transmission or disengaged transmission state according to different position states. The guide slot 55 limits the starting point and end point of the radial movement of the transmission shaft 54 ​​to prevent the transmission shaft 54 ​​from excessive movement and causing motion interference.

[0080] For example, when the transmission wheel 51 is a gear and the rotating ring 2 is an internal gear, the groove width of the through groove 55 is greater than the tooth height of the transmission wheel 51, that is, when the transmission wheel 51 is away from the rotating ring 2 by a distance of one tooth height, the transmission wheel 51 is disengaged from the rotating ring 2 and the power is disconnected. At this time, the degree of slackness of the transmission belt will not be too large, which can avoid problems such as excessive slackness of the transmission belt 53 causing motion interference. Moreover, the movement distance is short, and the transmission wheel 51 and the rotating ring 2 can quickly establish a transmission connection in the event of a sudden collision.

[0081] The length of the through-slot 55 aligns with the direction of motion of the transmission shaft 54 ​​during position switching, ensuring linear accuracy during radial movement. The ends of the slot define the starting and ending points of travel, providing rigid mechanical positioning for engagement and disengagement. This structure physically constrains the motion trajectory of the transmission shaft 54, avoiding the offset errors associated with traditional slide rail mechanisms. The end-of-travel positioning eliminates the need for complex electronic sensor control systems, reducing manufacturing costs while improving operational reliability. This is particularly useful in the high-frequency vibration environments experienced during mountain flight.

[0082] There are many ways to adjust the displacement of the transmission assembly 5, such as using displacement modules such as electric push rods and screw mechanisms, which can enable the transmission assembly 5 to move toward the slewing ring 2 to establish a transmission connection, and move away from the slewing ring 2 to disconnect the transmission connection. However, the above two methods require the addition of a motor as an actuator, which will introduce additional heavy components and is obviously not the optimal solution. In response to this, this solution provides a more preferred embodiment:

[0083] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 includes:

[0084] A movable seat 61 is provided at the bottom of the wing 101 in a direction parallel to the radial line of the slewing ring 2, and the transmission shaft 54 ​​is fixed axially and rotatably provided on the movable seat 61;

[0085] An elastic component 62 is provided at the bottom of the wing 101, and a movable end of the elastic component is connected to a side wall of the movable seat 61 in the movable direction. The movable seat 61 is elastically moved back and forth in a direction parallel to the radial line of the slewing ring 2 by the elastic component 62;

[0086] The magnetic member 63 is provided on the other side wall of the movable base 61 opposite to the elastic component 62 ; the magnetic member is a metal member, such as steel, iron, etc., and can be adsorbed on a magnet under the action of a magnetic field.

[0087] The magnetic generating component 64, that is, the electromagnetic mechanism, can generate magnetic force when powered on. Its power supply can be directly connected to the power supply of the drone. The magnetic generating component 64 is fixedly arranged on the wing 101 relative to the magnetic component 63. The magnetic generating component 64 generates magnetic force to magnetically attract the magnetic component, thereby pulling the movable seat 61 to move relative to the wing 101.

[0088] When the magnetic generating member 64 does not generate magnetic force, the magnetic generating member 64 is arranged at a distance from the magnetic member 63, and the elastic component 62 is in a natural state, and the transmission wheel 54 is separated from the rotating ring 2; when the magnetic generating member 64 generates magnetic force, it attracts the magnetic member 63 and drives the movable seat 61 to move toward the rotating ring 2 until the transmission wheel 51 engages with the rotating ring 2 for transmission.

[0089] The movable base 61 carries the drive shaft and guides its movement radially; the elastic component 62 provides the reset force; and the magnetic component 63 and the magnetic generating component 64 achieve active displacement through magnetic attraction. Its technical advantages lie in: the magnetic drive provides rapid response, ensuring immediate activation of the protective state; the elastic component 62 acts as a reset component, implementing a reset mechanism that forces the device back to its stationary state when no magnetic field is pulling it; and the guide design of the movable base 61 ensures precise movement. This dual-mode magnetoelastic drive fundamentally addresses the switching hysteresis and lack of reliability associated with traditional electric actuators and lead screws, as well as the inherent reliability limitations of purely electromagnetic mechanisms.

[0090] The movable base 61 is a block-shaped structure for carrying and mounting the transmission shaft 54. The specific shape is not limited. For example, the movable base 61 of this embodiment is a U-shaped block-shaped structure, and the two end plates of the movable base 61 are used to respectively set the magnetic member 63 and the connecting elastic component 62.

[0091] The U-shaped opening of the movable seat 61 faces the bottom wall of the wing 101, forming a mounting cavity between the movable seat 61 and the wing. The pulley 52 is disposed within this cavity, primarily providing space for its installation. Because the drive belt 53 is aligned with the pulley 52, when the drive belt 53 slackens, the bottom of the U-shaped movable seat 61 supports the drive belt 53, preventing it from falling axially along the pulley, ensuring that the drive belt 53 always aligns with the pulley 52 and ensuring transmission accuracy.

[0092] In addition, the width of the movable seat 61 is smaller than the diameter of the pulley 52 , that is, the movable seat 61 is located inside the rotation area of ​​the transmission belt 53 .

[0093] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the elastic component 62 includes a support 620, a guide rod 621 and a spring member 622. The support 620 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the wing, and the guide rod 621 is movably arranged on the support 620 along the radial direction of the slewing ring. One end of the guide rod 621 is connected to the moving seat 61. The guide rod is located between the moving seat 61 and the support 620 and is sleeved with a spring member 622. The two ends of the spring member 622 are respectively connected to the moving seat 61 and the support 620; when the spring member 622 is in a free state, the protective cover 3 is in a stationary state.

[0094] In a free state, the spring member 622 causes the movable seat 61 to move away from the direction of the slewing ring 2, that is, the magnetic member 63 is disengaged from the magnetic generating member 64 and the spacing is set. At this time, the protective cover 3 maintains a static mode, and is guided by the guide rod 621 when moving, and the spring member 622 is compressed by the movable seat 61 and the support 620 to store energy. Its core benefit is that when the magnetic drive fails, the spring member 622 automatically resets to disengage the transmission. The guide rod constrains the compression direction of the spring to avoid jamming problems caused by unbalanced loads. While simplifying the control logic, this design increases mechanical-level protection compared to traditional electric drive methods. At the same time, due to the simplicity of the structural parts, the weight of additional components can be greatly reduced.

[0095] In some specific embodiments, the fixing base 1 includes:

[0096] A fixed half ring 12, wherein the inner ring side of the fixed half ring 12 is concavely provided with a coaxial semi-annular groove 111, two fixed half rings 12 are joined together to form a circular ring structure, and the two semi-annular grooves 111 are combined to form a rotating ring groove 11;

[0097] Locking accessories 13, which are arranged corresponding to the splicing of the two fixed half-rings 12 and lock the two fixed half-rings; the locking accessories 13 can be connected and fixed by welding or bolts and nuts and the like, and have simple structure and are easy to disassemble and assemble. Correspondingly, the two ends of the fixed half-rings 12 are provided with mounting ears for mounting the locking accessories 13.

[0098] Generally, whether the unmanned aerial vehicle collides can be directly judged by the collision sensing module of the unmanned aerial vehicle itself, and the propeller protection device can be directly triggered to the protection state when colliding. However, in order to further accurately detect whether the propeller of the unmanned aerial vehicle collides, a pressure sensing element 14 is added in the propeller protection device itself, which is arranged corresponding to the splicing of the two fixed half-rings 12 and is used for detecting whether the fixed half-rings 12 collide. When the unmanned aerial vehicle collides, the collision pressure of one of the fixed half-rings 12 on the outside can be transmitted to the pressure sensing element 14. When the unmanned aerial vehicle collision detection module fails, the problem that the propeller protection cannot be responded in time is avoided.

[0099] The fixed seat 1 is composed of two fixed half-rings 12 with half-ring grooves, is fastened by locking accessories 13, and is provided with a pressure sensing element at the splicing. The split structure allows direct installation and maintenance without disassembling the propeller, greatly reducing the operation and maintenance difficulty; the pressure sensing element monitors the collision force change in real time, and provides key safety data for the protection system. The complete rotation track formed by the half-ring grooves breaks through the installation limitation of the integral structure while ensuring the rotation accuracy, which is a major progress in the adaptability design of large unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0100] Also provided is a propeller protection method of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising:

[0101] A fixed seat 1 is arranged on the wing 101 of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the fixed seat 1 comprises a rotation track 11 coaxially arranged with the propeller 102;

[0102] A rotating ring 2 is rotatably arranged in the rotation track 11, and the rotating ring 2 is provided with a protective cover 3, which is a hollow structure and covers the outside of the propeller 102;

[0103] In the running state, the rotating ring 2 and the protective cover 3 can be selectively driven to rotate by a driving mechanism 4 to protect the propeller 102.

[0104] This solution describes a method for protecting the blades of a UAV suitable for use in complex mountainous terrain. The method mainly consists of a fixing base 1, a slewing ring 2, a protective cover 3, and a driving mechanism 4. The fixing base 1 is mounted on the UAV wing 101 and is provided with a rotating track 11 coaxial with the blade 102; the slewing ring 2 is sleeved on the outside of the blade 102 and can rotate within the track; the protective cover 3 is connected to the slewing ring 2 and is a hollow structure used to cover the blade 102 and provide protection; the driving mechanism 4 is mounted on the wing 101 and is used to drive the slewing ring 2 and the protective cover 3 to rotate. The design aims to effectively protect the blade 102 in a complex mountainous environment through the rotatable protective cover 3 while maintaining its lightness and functionality. It can form an all-round protective surface on the outside of the blade 102 to avoid damage from obstacles such as trees and rocks during mountain flight, and can protect the blade from damage even when the UAV collides and overturns.

[0105] Through the coordinated design of the fixed base 1, the slewing ring 2 and the protective cover 3, a dynamic protection system is constructed on the outside of the blade 102. The rotating track on the fixed base 1 is coaxial with the blade, so that the slewing ring can 2 rotate along a precise path; the protective cover adopts an arc-shaped rod structure 31 with a hollow structure to cover the blade, which not only forms a physical barrier but also avoids excessive weight gain. Its core benefit is that when the UAV encounters obstacles such as branches and rock walls in a mountainous environment, the rotating protective cover 3 can actively smash or deflect the collision object, greatly reducing the risk of damage to the blade 102. At the same time, because the protective cover 3 cooperates with the rotating track 11 through the slewing ring, its motion trajectory remains coaxial with the blade 102, reducing airflow interference. The drive mechanism 4 directly controls the start and stop of the protective cover, realizes the on-demand activation of the protection state, and solves the defect that the traditional fixed protective net always increases wind resistance.

[0106] A displacement adjustment mechanism 6 is provided on the wing 101, and a transmission assembly 5 is provided on the displacement adjustment mechanism 6. The transmission assembly 5 is in transmission connection with the propeller shaft 1021. The adjustment action of the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 drives the transmission assembly 5 to engage or disengage the transmission with the slewing ring 2, so that the protective cover 3 has an activated protective state and a normal static state.

[0107] The drone 100 itself includes a collision detection module or a collision detection element is provided on the blade protection device. When it detects that the drone has suffered a collision or is actively stimulated by humans, the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 drives the transmission assembly 5 to engage with the slewing ring 2, thereby driving the protective cover 3 to rotate to form a protective surface on the outside of the blade 102;

[0108] Under normal conditions or when manually closed, the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 drives the transmission assembly 5 to disengage the transmission from the slewing ring 2, and the protective cover 3 is stationary relative to the fixing base 1 to form a stationary state, thereby reducing wind resistance.

[0109] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 controls the engagement state of the transmission assembly 5 and the slewing ring 2 through the displacement adjustment mechanism 6, thereby realizing the intelligent switching of the working mode of the protective cover 3. In the protective state, the transmission assembly 5 engages the slewing ring 2, so that the protective cover 3 rotates with the blade 102 to form a dynamic protective ring; in the static state, the transmission assembly 5 disengages the meshing ring, and the protective cover 3 remains fixed to the fixed seat 1 to reduce wind resistance. The key advantages of this design are: on the one hand, the mechanical engagement ensures that the protective cover 3 is always in an effective protective state in complex terrain; on the other hand, the disengagement mechanism eliminates energy consumption under non-essential working conditions, significantly improving the endurance. Without the need to add additional motors and batteries, it can not only meet the protective function at the same time, but also eliminate the turbulence effect of the protective cover during flight. As the execution unit of mode switching, the displacement adjustment mechanism 6 provides the core technical guarantee for the drone 100 to adapt to the flight requirements of multiple scenarios.

[0110] As attached Figure 6 As shown, a UAV is provided, which has the blade protection device described above, or includes the UAV blade protection method described above, and has all the beneficial effects of the blade protection device and the blade protection method, which will not be repeated here.

[0111] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly specified and specifically limited. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0112] The above steps are merely provided to help understand the method, structure, and core concept of the present application. A person skilled in the art may make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A blade protection device for a complex mountainous drone, characterized in that: include, A fixing seat (1), the fixing seat (1) being used for being arranged on a wing (101) of a drone, the fixing seat (1) comprising a rotating track (11) arranged coaxially with a blade (102); A slewing ring (2), the slewing ring (2) being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the blade (102), and the slewing ring (2) being rotatably arranged in the rotating track (11); A protective cover (3) is connected to the slewing ring (2), the protective cover (3) being a hollow structure and being arranged outside the blade (102); A driving mechanism (4) is provided on the wing (101), and the driving mechanism (4) drives the slewing ring (2) and the protective cover (3) to slew.

2. The blade protection device for complex mountainous drones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: A transmission assembly (5), the transmission assembly (5) being transmission-connected to the propeller shaft (1021) of the propeller blade (102); A displacement adjustment mechanism (6), the displacement adjustment mechanism (6) is arranged on the wing (101), and the displacement adjustment transmission component (5) is engaged with or disengaged from the slewing ring (2); The protective cover (3) has a protective state and a static state: When the transmission assembly (5) engages and drives the slewing ring (2), the protective cover (3) rotates to form a protective state; When the transmission assembly (5) is disengaged from driving the slewing ring (2), the protective cover (3) is stationary relative to the fixing seat (1) to form a stationary state.

3. The blade protection device for complex mountainous drone according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a transmission wheel (51), a pulley (52), a transmission belt (53) and a transmission shaft (54); the transmission shaft (54) is movable through the wing (101); the transmission wheel (51) and the pulley (52) are coaxially spaced on the transmission shaft (54); the transmission wheel (51) and the pulley (52) are separately arranged on the upper and lower sides of the wing (101); the transmission wheel (51) is correspondingly arranged to the slewing ring (2); the transmission belt (53) is transmitted to the pulley (52) and the propeller shaft (1021); In the protection state, the transmission wheel (51) drives the slewing ring (2); in the static state, the transmission wheel (51) is separated from the slewing ring (2) and the transmission belt is in a loose state.

4. The blade protection device for a complex mountainous drone according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A through slot (55) is provided on the wing (101) for the transmission shaft (54) to pass through. The length direction of the through slot (55) is consistent with the movement direction of the transmission shaft (54) when engaging or disengaging the transmission. The through slot (55) guides the radial movement of the transmission shaft (54), and the guide slot (55) limits the starting point and end point of the radial movement of the transmission shaft (54).

5. The blade protection device for complex mountainous drone according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The displacement adjustment mechanism (6) comprises: A movable seat (61) is provided at the bottom of the wing (101) so as to be movable and guided in a direction parallel to the radial line of the slewing ring (2); the transmission shaft (54) is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable on the movable seat (61); An elastic component (62) is arranged at the bottom of the wing (101), and a movable end of the elastic component is connected to a side wall of the movable seat (61) in the movable direction, and the movable seat (61) is elastically moved back and forth in a direction parallel to the radial line of the slewing ring (2) through the elastic component (62); A magnetic member (63) is provided on the other side wall of the movable seat (61) opposite to the elastic component (62); The magnetic generating member (64) is fixedly arranged on the wing relative to the magnetic member (63), and the magnetic generating member (64) generates magnetic force to pull the movable seat (61) to move relative to the wing (101).

6. The blade protection device for complex mountainous drone according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elastic component (62) includes a support (620), a guide rod (621) and a spring member (622); the support (620) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the wing; the guide rod (621) is movably arranged on the support (620) along the radial direction of the rotating ring; one end of the guide rod (621) is connected to the moving seat (61); the guide rod is located between the moving seat (61) and the support (620); and the spring member (622) is sleeved on the rod body, and the two ends of the spring member (622) are respectively connected to the moving seat (61) and the support (620); When the spring member (622) is in a free state, the protective cover (3) is in a stationary state.

7. The blade protection device for complex mountainous drone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing seat (1) comprises: A fixed half ring (12), wherein the inner ring side of the fixed half ring (12) is concavely provided with a coaxial half ring groove (111), two fixed half rings (12) are joined together to form a circular ring structure, and the two half ring grooves (111) are combined to form a rotating ring groove (11); A locking accessory (13), the locking accessory (13) being provided corresponding to the joint of the two fixing half rings (12) and locking the two fixing half rings; A pressure sensing element (14) is correspondingly arranged at the joint of the two fixed half rings (12) and is used to detect whether the fixed half rings (12) collide.

8. A method for protecting the blades of a drone, characterized in that: include: A fixing seat (1) is provided on the wing (101) of the UAV, wherein the fixing seat (1) includes a rotating track (11) coaxially arranged with the blade (102); A slewing ring (2) is rotatably arranged in the rotating track (11), and a protective cover (3) is arranged on the slewing ring (2). The protective cover (3) is a hollow structure and is arranged outside the blade (102); In the operating state, the driving mechanism (4) can selectively drive the slewing ring (2) and the protective cover (3) to slew to protect the blades (102).

9. The method for protecting blades of a UAV in complex mountainous terrain according to claim 8, characterized in that: A displacement adjustment mechanism (6) is provided on the wing (101), and a transmission assembly (5) is provided on the displacement adjustment mechanism (6). The transmission assembly (5) is in transmission connection with the propeller shaft (1021). The adjustment action of the displacement adjustment mechanism (6) drives the transmission assembly (5) to engage or disengage the transmission with the slewing ring (2), so that the protective cover (3) has an activated protection state and a normal static state. The UAV (100) itself includes a collision detection module or a collision detection element is provided on the blade protection device. When it is detected that the UAV has suffered a collision or is actively stimulated by humans, the displacement adjustment mechanism (6) drives the transmission component (5) to engage with the slewing ring (2) for transmission, thereby driving the protective cover (3) to rotate to form a protective surface on the outside of the blade (102); Under normal conditions or when manually closed, the displacement adjustment mechanism (6) drives the transmission assembly (5) to disengage the transmission from the slewing ring (2), and the protective cover (3) is stationary relative to the fixed seat (1) to form a stationary state, thereby reducing wind resistance.

10. A drone, characterized in that: A blade protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or a method for protecting a drone blade according to any one of claims 8 to 9.

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