A feeding and discharging device and method for high light processing of ring members

Abstract

This invention discloses a loading and unloading device and method for high-gloss processing of ring components. The loading and unloading device includes a device platform, a blister tray, a robot arm, a positioning mechanism, and a fixing fixture. Two sets of robot arms are rotationally symmetrically mounted on the device platform. Each robot arm is equipped with a picking and placing component, which includes a mounting frame fixed to the robot arm. The mounting frame has two sets of clamping mechanisms and one set of flattening mechanisms. The clamping mechanisms are used to clamp several ring components, and the flattening mechanism is used to flatten several ring components to be processed located on the fixing fixture. The positioning mechanism pre-positions the ring components clamped by the clamping mechanisms. The robot arm uses the clamping mechanisms to pick up the ring components and place them onto the fixing fixture. This invention enables batch loading and unloading of small-volume ring components, improving the efficiency of ring component loading and unloading, increasing the processing efficiency of ring components, and providing fully automated operation, ensuring the processing accuracy and quality of the ring components, and reducing labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a loading and unloading device and method for high-gloss treatment of ring components. Background Technology

[0002] Ring-shaped structural components (i.e., ring members) can evenly distribute radial and circumferential loads, avoid stress concentration points, and possess high bending and torsional stiffness. They can effectively constrain internal or external components, prevent deformation and instability, and have rotational symmetry, making them ideal for rotating mechanical parts to ensure dynamic balance and uniform stress distribution. Therefore, ring-shaped structural components are indispensable basic elements in modern engineering technology and daily life, such as watch bezels, bearing rings, and metal O-rings. In existing technologies, ring members are generally obtained by milling a solid plate with a high-gloss engraving and milling machine to achieve a high-gloss finish. While this allows for the production of mirror-finished ring members in a single process, the limited production capacity makes it difficult to meet production demands.

[0003] To improve the processing efficiency of ring components, the process is divided into two steps: one is the whole plate stamping process, which can stamp out a large number of ring component blanks at one time; the other is the high-gloss process, which uses a high-gloss machine to perform high-gloss processing on the surface of the stamped ring component blanks, such as the top and outer surfaces, to achieve a ring component with a mirror effect.

[0004] However, in practice, the loading and unloading of the ring component blanks is required during the high-gloss processing. Since the ring components are small parts, they cannot be stacked or subjected to negative pressure suction, making conventional loading and unloading devices inadequate. Manual loading and unloading is labor-intensive, and using robotic arms to load and unload individual ring components is inefficient and cannot meet the production requirements for high-efficiency ring component processing. Furthermore, conventional loading methods cannot guarantee the flatness of the ring components, leading to uneven high-gloss processing and affecting the overall high-gloss effect. Therefore, this invention discloses a loading and unloading device and method for high-gloss processing of ring components to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a loading and unloading device and method for high-gloss treatment of ring components to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A loading and unloading device for high-gloss finishing of ring components, comprising:

[0008] Device platform;

[0009] Blister tray, the blister tray being used to hold the ring component;

[0010] A robotic arm is mounted on a device platform. The robotic arm is equipped with a material handling assembly, which includes a mounting frame fixed to the robotic arm. The mounting frame is equipped with two sets of gripping mechanisms and one set of flattening mechanisms. The gripping mechanisms are used to grip several ring components, and the flattening mechanism is used to flatten several ring components to be processed located on a fixed fixture.

[0011] The positioning mechanism, located on the device platform, is used to pre-position several ring components to be processed that are held by the clamping mechanism from the blister tray.

[0012] A fixed fixture is set on the worktable of the high-gloss machine for precise positioning and fixing of several ring components to be processed; the robot arm uses a gripping mechanism to grip and place the pre-positioned ring components to be processed onto the fixed fixture, and uses a flattening mechanism to flatten them so that all the ring components on the fixed fixture are on the same plane.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a bracket, the top of which is provided with a matrix of positioning pins, the top surface of which is provided with a tapered guide head, and the bottom outer diameter of the tapered guide head is consistent with the inner diameter of the ring component.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing fixture includes a base plate, a top plate, and a third cylinder. The third cylinder is fixed to the base plate, and the base plate is fixedly connected to the top plate. Several annular sleeves are embedded in the top surface of the top plate, and the distribution spacing of the annular sleeves is consistent with the distribution spacing of the positioning column heads. The side wall of the annular sleeve is provided with a supporting ring platform. The side wall of the annular sleeve is provided with multiple expansion joints arranged in annular array along the axial direction. An inner support member is provided inside the annular sleeve that passes through the top plate. The inner support member is elastically connected to the top plate, and the third cylinder is used to drive and control the lifting and lowering of the inner support member. When the inner support member rises, the annular sleeve contracts; when the inner support member falls, the annular sleeve expands to fix the ring member.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer top wall of the annular sleeve is an inwardly tapered annular surface, the inner top wall of the annular sleeve is a tapered groove, the inner support includes a round rod, the upper end of the round rod is provided with a tapered component integrated with it, the lower end of the round rod passes through the top plate and is fixedly connected to a limiting component, and the limiting component is connected to the top plate by a second spring.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a first cylinder, the telescopic end of which is fixedly connected to a lifting plate frame. A plurality of matrix-distributed finger cylinders are mounted on the lifting plate frame, and the clamping ends of the finger cylinders are fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged clamping fingers. The flattening mechanism includes a second cylinder, the telescopic end of which is fixedly connected to a flat plate. A matrix-distributed pressure tube is slidably connected to the flat plate, the distribution of which matches the distribution of the finger cylinders. The lower end of each pressure tube is provided with an integrally connected pressure cylinder, which is connected to the flat plate by a first spring.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper end of the pressure tube is fixedly connected to an upright connector. The pressure cylinder, pressure tube, and upright connector are interconnected through an air passage. The upright connector is connected to the air pipe of the air pump structure for purging toward the fixed fixture.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a hopper mechanism, which is located in the middle of the device platform and is used to stack and place blister trays. The hopper mechanism includes two sets of hopper components, one set of transfer frame and two sets of tray retrieval mechanisms. The hopper components are respectively located on both sides of the transfer frame. The two sets of hopper components are used to stack and place blister trays. The tray retrieval mechanisms are rotationally symmetrically located on the device platform and correspond one-to-one with the hopper components. The tray retrieval mechanisms are used to transfer blister trays between the hopper components and the transfer frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the ring component is a watch bezel, a bearing ring, or a metal O-ring.

[0020] Furthermore, the number of some of the ring components or ring components to be processed is four.

[0021] The present invention also provides a loading and unloading method, which uses the above-mentioned loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components to perform loading and unloading, including the following steps:

[0022] 1) One of the gripping mechanisms on the robotic arm grips several ring components to be processed inside the blister tray;

[0023] 2) The clamping mechanism places the ring component to be processed into the positioning mechanism for pre-positioning;

[0024] 3) After the clamping mechanism clamps the pre-positioned ring component again, it moves it to the fixed fixture position;

[0025] 4) Another set of gripping mechanisms on the robot arm removes the ring component after glossing from the fixed fixture, and then places the ring component to be processed onto the fixed fixture and flattens it with the flattening mechanism and locks it in place so that it can be gloss processed. At the same time, the robot arm places the ring component after glossing onto the blister tray.

[0026] 5) Repeat steps 1) through 4) until all the ring components inside the blister tray are finished with a high gloss.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention provides a loading and unloading device and method for high-gloss processing of ring components. The loading and unloading device uses a robotic arm to pick up the ring components to be processed. Two sets of gripping mechanisms in the loading and unloading device remove the high-gloss ring components from the fixed fixture and can directly put them into the ring components to be processed. The positioning mechanism pre-positions the ring components to ensure that the ring components are accurately placed onto the fixed fixture. The flattening mechanism flattens the ring components on the fixed fixture to ensure the uniformity of the high gloss. The device can batch load and unload small-volume ring components, improving the loading and unloading efficiency of ring components and thus improving the processing efficiency of ring components. The whole process is fully automated. Combined with the positioning mechanism and the fixed fixture, the processing accuracy and high gloss quality of the ring components are ensured, and the labor intensity is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic plan view of the overall structure of the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hopper mechanism in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the blister tray structure in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the robotic arm, material handling assembly, and fixing fixture in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material handling component in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss processing of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 Another perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material handling component in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss processing of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fixing fixture in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 Another perspective view of the fixing fixture in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the fixing fixture in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the AA section;

[0042] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the material handling assembly in the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the BB cross section;

[0044] Figure 15 for Figure 12 A magnified view of a portion of point C in the middle.

[0045] The markings in the diagram are explained as follows:

[0046] 1. Device platform; 11. Chassis; 2. Hopper mechanism; 21. Hopper assembly; 22. Transfer frame; 23. Tray retrieval mechanism; 3. Blister tray; 31. Material holding groove; 32. Annular protrusion; 33. Edge plate; 4. Robotic arm; 5. Positioning mechanism; 51. Bracket; 52. Positioning column head; 53. Conical guide head; 54. Through groove; 55. Fiber optic sensor; 6. High-precision machine workbench; 7. Fixture; 71. Base plate; 72. Top plate; 73. Third cylinder; 74. Column; 75. Annular sleeve; 76. Support ring platform; 7 7. Expansion joint; 78. Conical groove; 79. Round rod; 710. Conical component; 711. Limiting component; 712. Second spring; 713. Adjusting plate; 714. Perforation; 715. Limiting post; 8. Human-machine interface screen; 9. Material handling assembly; 91. Mounting frame; 92. First cylinder; 93. Lifting plate frame; 94. Finger cylinder; 95. Finger clamping device; 96. Limiting step groove; 97. Second cylinder; 98. Flat plate; 99. Pressure pipe; 910. Vertical connector; 911. Pressure cylinder; 912. First spring; 10. Ring component. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0050] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1-2 A loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components is provided, comprising a device platform 1, a hopper mechanism 2, a blister tray 3, a robotic arm 4, a positioning mechanism 5, a high-gloss machine, and a human-machine interface screen 8. Two sets of housings 11 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the device platform 1. The housings 11 house the electrical components and PLC control system of the equipment. The PLC control system is connected to the human-machine interface screen 8, which is fixed to the device platform 1 for automatic loading and unloading control. The hopper mechanism 2 is installed in the middle of the device platform 1. The blister tray 3 can be stacked on the hopper mechanism 2, and several matrix-distributed ring components 10 are placed on the blister tray 3. The ring component 10 is a circular watch bezel; it can also be a watch bezel, a bearing ring, or a metal O-ring, etc. More specifically, the longitudinal section of the ring component 10 is polygonal, such as Z-shaped (e.g.,...). Figure 15(As shown), L-shaped, rectangular, etc.; the robot arm 4 is a four-axis robot arm. In this embodiment, two sets of four-axis robot arms are used and are rotate symmetrically arranged on the device platform 1 to ensure that the two sets of robot arms 4 will not interfere with each other when working. Each robot arm 4 is equipped with a material handling assembly 9. The material handling assembly 9 includes a mounting frame 91 fixed on the robot arm 4. The mounting frame 91 is equipped with two sets of clamping mechanisms and one set of flattening mechanism. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp several ring components 10, and the flattening mechanism is used to flatten several ring components 10 to be processed located on the fixed fixture 7. The robot arm 4 adopts an existing finished structure. The motion control of the robot arm 4 can be directly input into the control program in the PLC control system. This part is existing conventional technology and will not be described in detail here. The robotic arm 4 has a height-adjustable screw at its front end, and the material handling assembly 9 is fixed to the lower end of the screw, allowing for height adjustment of the material handling assembly 9 during material handling. Two positioning mechanisms 5 are also rotationally symmetrically distributed on both sides of the device platform 1 located in the hopper mechanism 2. Since the ring component 10 is not fixed within the blister tray 3, it may wobble or shift during transport or vibration. Directly gripping and transferring it to the fixed fixture 7 would result in misalignment, affecting material loading. The positioning mechanism 5 is used to pre-position several ring components 10 to be processed, held by the gripping mechanism from the blister tray 3. In this embodiment, after the robotic arm 4 grips multiple ring components 10 via the gripping mechanism on the material handling assembly 9, the material handling assembly 9 places the ring components 10 into the positioning mechanism 5, calibrates the spacing of the multiple ring components 10, and then handles the material handling. The gripping mechanism on the material assembly 9 then grips the ring component 10, thereby ensuring that the distribution spacing of multiple ring components 10 matches the fixed fixture 7, achieving precise material placement. In order to achieve simultaneous high-gloss processing of two sets of ring components 10, two high-gloss machines are set up and are rotate symmetrically arranged on both sides of the device platform 1. The high-gloss machine worktable 6 of the high-gloss machine (the main body of the high-gloss machine is not shown in the figure) is equipped with a fixed fixture 7. The robot arm 4 grips the ring component 10 and places it into the fixed fixture 7 through the material pick-and-place assembly 9. The robot arm 4 grips and places several ring components 10 to be processed after pre-positioning into the fixed fixture 7 through the gripping mechanism, and flattens them through the flattening mechanism so that all the ring components 10 located on the fixed fixture 7 are on the same plane. The processing parts on the high-gloss machine perform high-gloss processing on the top surface and the outer surface with the largest diameter of the ring component 10.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the hopper mechanism 2 includes two sets of hopper components 21 and a transfer frame 22. The two sets of hopper components 21 are respectively located on both sides of the transfer frame 22. The two sets of hopper components 21 are used to stack and place blister trays 3. The blister trays 3 on one set of hopper components 21 hold the ring components 10 after high-gloss processing, and the blister trays 3 on the other set of hopper components 21 hold the ring components 10 to be high-gloss processed. During the high-gloss operation, the blister trays 3 holding the ring components 10 to be processed are moved from the hopper components 21 to the transfer frame 22. The two sets of robotic arms 4 drive the picking and placing components 9 to alternately pick up and place materials from the blister trays 3. Several ring components 10 are clamped. After the ring components 10 are processed by a high-gloss machine, the robot arm 4 places the high-gloss ring components 10 into the empty position of the blister tray 3 on the transfer frame 22. After all the ring components 10 on the transfer frame 22 are processed by high-gloss machine, the blister tray 3 on the transfer frame 22 is moved to another hopper component 21 for stacking. The hopper mechanism 2 also includes two sets of tray picking mechanisms 23. The tray picking mechanisms 23 are rotate symmetrically arranged on the device platform 1 and correspond one-to-one with the hopper components 21. The tray picking mechanisms 23 are used to transfer the blister tray 3 between the hopper component 21 and the transfer frame 22.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to accommodate the holding of the ring components 10, the top surface of the blister tray 3 is provided with eight parallel material holding grooves 31. Ten annular protrusions 32 are provided at equal intervals along the length direction in the material holding grooves 31. The inner wall of the material holding grooves 31 and the annular protrusions 32 is an arc-shaped surface, and the center of the arc-shaped surface is concentric with the annular protrusions 32. The ring components 10 are sleeved on the outside of the annular protrusions 32. Each blister tray 3 can hold eighty ring components 10. In this embodiment, the material handling component 9 picks up four ring components 10 arranged in a matrix each time, so that the four ring components 10 are processed in high gloss at the same time, thereby improving the high gloss processing efficiency of the ring components 10.

[0054] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the positioning mechanism 5 includes a bracket 51. The top of the bracket 51 is provided with four positioning posts 52 arranged in a matrix. The spacing between the positioning posts 52 is the same as the spacing between the pressure tube 99 and the finger cylinder 94. These posts calibrate the spacing of the four ring components 10 gripped by the material handling assembly 9 to achieve pre-positioning, ensuring that the ring components 10 can be accurately placed onto the fixed fixture 7. The top surface of the positioning posts 52 is provided with a tapered guide head 53 to facilitate the placement of the ring components 10. The outer diameter of the bottom of the tapered guide head 53 is the same as the inner diameter of the ring component 10. The diameter of the end of the positioning column 52 near the conical guide head 53 is larger than the diameter of the ring member 10, which can provide support. The conical guide head 53 has a through groove 54 along the radial direction. The top of the bracket 51 is fixedly installed on one side of the positioning column 52. The fiber optic sensor 55 is set correspondingly to the through groove 54. The fiber optic sensor 55 is connected to the fiber optic amplifier. The fiber optic sensor 55 is used to detect whether the ring member 10 on the outside of the positioning column 52 has been removed. If it has not been removed, an alarm will be triggered.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the mounting frame 91 is a T-shaped plate structure. The top surface of the mounting frame 91 is fixedly connected to the screw of the robot arm 4. The gripping mechanism includes a first cylinder 92, which is fixed to one side of the mounting frame 91. The telescopic ends of the first cylinders 92 on both gripping mechanisms are fixedly connected to lifting plates 93. Each lifting plate 93 is equipped with a group of several matrix-distributed finger cylinders 94. In this embodiment, there are four finger cylinders 94. The gripping ends of the finger cylinders 94 are fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged gripping fingers 95. The inner side of the gripping ends of the two gripping fingers 95 is provided with a limiting step groove 96. The finger cylinders 94 drive the two gripping fingers 95 to move closer to each other to grip the ring member 10. The depth of the limiting step groove 96 is the same as the height of the ring member 10 or the depth of the limiting step groove 96 is higher than the height of the ring member 10. The limiting step groove 96 can limit the ring member 10 and improve the gripping stability of the ring member 10, avoiding gripping damage to the ring member 10. One material handling assembly 9 has eight finger cylinders 94. Four finger cylinders 94 form a group, and there are two groups in total. In this way, after one group takes away the processed ring component 10, the other group is directly used to place the ring component 10 to be processed, thereby improving efficiency.

[0056] Using two sets of finger cylinders 94, during the processing of the ring component 10, one set of finger cylinders 94 clamps the ring component 10 to be processed. When the material handling assembly 9 moves to the fixed fixture 7 position on the high-gloss machine worktable 6, the other set of finger cylinders 94 clamps the high-gloss ring component 10. Then, the ring component 10 to be processed is placed into the fixed fixture 7 for fixation. The high-gloss machine performs high-gloss processing. When picking up the material, the processed ring component 10 is placed on the blister tray 3, and the ring component 10 to be processed is picked up again. The two sets of robotic arms 4 repeat this operation until all the ring components 10 on one blister tray 3 are processed. This structural design can reduce the loading and unloading time during the processing of the ring component 10 and improve processing efficiency.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, the flattening mechanism includes a second cylinder 97, which is fixed to the side of a mounting bracket 91. A flat plate 98 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second cylinder 97. Four pressure tubes 99 are slidably connected to the flat plate 98, with the spacing between them matching the spacing of the finger cylinders 94. An upright connector 910 is fixedly connected to the upper end of each pressure tube 99, and a pressure cylinder 911 is integrally connected to the lower end of each tube. The outer diameter of the pressure cylinder 911 is larger than the diameter of the pressure tube 99. The pressure cylinder 911, pressure tubes 99, and upright connector 910 are interconnected via air passages. The pressure cylinder 911 is connected to the flat plate 98 by a first spring 912, allowing the pressure tubes 99 and the flat plate 98 to slide elastically. After the ring component 10 is placed into the fixed fixture 7, the pressure cylinder 911 connected by the pressure pipe 99 is used to press down the ring component 10. Pressing the ring component 10 flat ensures that the ring component 10 is in a horizontal position in the fixed fixture 7. This ensures the uniformity of the highlight of the ring component 10 during processing. If it is not flattened and is directly clamped and fixed, it may be slightly tilted. Some local areas of the ring component 10 will not be highlighted, while some local areas will be over-highlighted, resulting in defective products. In specific implementation, the upright connector 910 is connected to the air pipe of the air pump structure. After the ring component 10 is processed and before the ring component 10 is placed, the air pump blows air into the fixed fixture 7 through the pressure pipe 99 (the pressure pipe 99 is a hollow structure) to blow away the debris on the fixed fixture 7 and keep the processed area clean.

[0058] Specifically, initially, a set of gripping fingers 95 picks up four ring components 10 from the blister tray 3, pre-positions them in the positioning mechanism 5, and then moves them to the fixing fixture 7 for fine positioning and fixing. While the glossing process is underway, the robot arm 4 returns to the blister tray 3 to pick up four new ring components, pre-positions them, and moves them to the fine positioning station. After the glossing process is completed, the robot arm 4 first blows air onto the glossy ring components 10 to remove debris from their surface. Then, another set of empty gripping fingers 95 removes the four glossy ring components 10 and blows air onto the fixing fixture 7 through the pressure tube 99 on the robot arm 4 to ensure that there are no debris on the fixing fixture 7. If there are debris, the ring components 10 cannot be laid flat, which will affect the positioning, fixing, and processing. This process also avoids the debris from abrading the surface of the ring components 10. Then, the four ring components 10 to be processed are placed in the fixing fixture 7 for fine positioning and fixing, awaiting the glossing process.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figures 9-12As shown, the fixing fixture 7 includes a base plate 71, a top plate 72, and a third cylinder 73. The third cylinder 73 is fixed in the middle of the base plate 71. The four corners of the base plate 71 are fixedly connected to the top plate 72 by columns 74, so that a placement space is formed between the base plate 71 and the top plate 72. Several annular sleeves 75 arranged in a matrix are embedded in the top surface of the top plate 72. In this embodiment, there are four annular sleeves 75 arranged in a matrix, and the distribution spacing of the annular sleeves 75 is consistent with the distribution spacing of the positioning column heads 52. The side wall of the annular sleeve 75 is provided with a supporting ring platform 76. The diameter of the supporting ring platform 76 is larger than the diameter of the ring member 10. The supporting ring platform 76 is used to support the ring member 10. At the same time, multiple expansion joints 77 arranged in a ring array are provided along the axial direction on the side wall of the annular sleeve 75, which divide the upper part of the annular sleeve 75 into multiple arc-shaped petals. The annular sleeve 75 has a through-hole through the top plate. The inner support member of 72 is elastically connected to the top plate 72. The lifting and lowering movement of the inner support member causes the arc-shaped petals on the annular sleeve 75 to contract and expand, thereby adjusting the diameter of the outer wall of the upper part of the annular sleeve 75. At the same time, an adjusting plate 713 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the third cylinder 73. The adjusting plate 713 is used to lift the inner support member upward. In the initial state, the inner support member descends under the action of elasticity, and the annular sleeve 75 expands outward. When discharging material, the third cylinder 73 drives the adjusting plate 713 to lift the inner support member, the inner support member rises, and the annular sleeve 75 contracts. The material discharging assembly 9 places the ring member 10 on the outside of the annular sleeve 75. The pressure cylinder 911 connected to the pressure pipe 99 is sleeved on the outside of the annular sleeve 75 to press the ring member 10 downward so that the ring member 10 is placed horizontally on the support ring platform 76. The adjusting plate 713 descends, and the annular sleeve 75 expands outward to fix the ring member 10. Furthermore, the outer top wall of the annular sleeve 75 is an inwardly tapered annular surface, facilitating the insertion of the ring component 10. The inner top wall of the annular sleeve 75 is a tapered groove 78. The inner support includes a round rod 79, the upper end of which is provided with an integrally connected tapered component 710. Both the tapered groove 78 and the tapered component 710 are circular structures. The lower end of the round rod 79 passes through the top plate 72 and is fixedly connected to the limiting component 711. The limiting component 711 and the top plate 72 are connected by a second spring 712. The adjusting plate 713 has a through hole 714 coaxial with the round rod 79, and the bottom of the top plate 72 has two limiting posts 71. 5. Under the action of the second spring 712, the round rod 79 moves downward and the conical part 710 also moves downward. At the beginning, under the action of the second spring 712, the round rod 79 moves downward, causing the petals of the annular sleeve 75 to expand and be in a locked state. When the adjusting plate 713 pushes the round rod 79 upward, the petals of the annular sleeve 75 contract inward and are in an unlocked state, so that the ring component 10 can be inserted. The pressure cylinder 911 presses down on the ring component 10, so that the ring component 10 is horizontal. The round rod 79 follows the adjusting plate 713 to descend, and the petals of the annular sleeve 75 expand, increasing the outer wall size of the upper part of the annular sleeve 75 to fix the ring component 10.

[0060] This invention employs a synergistic effect of air blowing, flattening, and fixing. Air blowing after high-gloss finishing ensures the processed ring component 10 remains clean and free of debris. Air blowing also occurs before placing it into the fixing fixture 7 to ensure the fixture 7 is free of debris, preventing the ring component 10 from being unable to lie flat and affecting the high-gloss process. If it is not flattened, direct expansion and fixing may cause the ring component 10 to tilt slightly, resulting in some areas of the ring component 10 not being able to achieve high gloss, while others are over-glossed, leading to defective products. The expansion and fixing structure, for the annular ring component 10, facilitates further precise positioning, ensuring that the central axis of each ring component 10 is located at the central axis of the fixing fixture 7.

[0061] The present invention also provides a method for loading and unloading ring components during high-gloss treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0062] 1) The blister tray 3 containing the ring component 10 to be processed is stacked on the hopper mechanism 2. Specifically, the tray retrieval mechanism 23 transfers a blister tray 3 from the hopper assembly 21 to the transfer frame 22 and positions and fixes it.

[0063] 2) The robotic arm 4 is started through the human-computer interaction screen 8. The operating program of the robotic arm 4 can be freely set according to the actual coordinates. This part is existing technology.

[0064] 3) One of the gripping mechanisms on the two sets of robotic arms 4 alternately grips the ring components 10 to be processed on the blister tray 3. Specifically, the four finger cylinders 94 on the material handling assembly 9 grip the four ring components 10.

[0065] 4) The clamping mechanism places the ring component 10 to be processed into the positioning mechanism 5 for pre-positioning. Specifically, the four finger cylinders 94 place the four ring components 10 into the four positioning pins 52 to pre-position the ring components 10 and calibrate the spacing of the ring components 10.

[0066] 5) After the clamping mechanism clamps the pre-positioned ring component 10 again, the distance between the ring components 10 clamped by the finger cylinder 94 is the calibrated distance. Move it above the high-gloss machine worktable 6. The flattening mechanism blows the fixing fixture 7 to make its surface free of debris. The fixing fixture 7 is in the unlocked state. Place the ring component 10 into the position of the fixing fixture 7. The pressure cylinder 911 of the flattening mechanism presses down on the ring component 10 so that it is placed horizontally on the fixing fixture 7. Then the fixing fixture 7 is in the locked state to fix the ring component 10, waiting for high-gloss processing.

[0067] 6) The gripping mechanism removes the polished ring component 10 from the fixing fixture 7, and then places the ring component 10 to be processed onto the fixing fixture 7. While the polishing machine performs polishing on the ring component 10, the robot arm 4 drives the gripping mechanism to place the polished ring component 10 onto the blister tray 3. Specifically, initially, a set of finger cylinders 94 picks up 4 ring components from the blister tray 3, performs pre-positioning in the positioning mechanism 5, and then moves to the fixing fixture 7 for precise positioning and fixing. During the polishing process, the gripping mechanism returns to the fixing fixture 7. Four new ring components 10 are picked up from the blister tray 3, pre-positioned, and moved to the precision positioning and fixing station. First, the ring components 10 after glossing are blown off to remove the debris on the surface of the ring components. Then, another set of finger cylinders 94 removes the four ring components 10 after glossing and blows them again to ensure that there are no debris on the fixing fixture 7 station. If there are debris, the ring components 10 cannot be laid flat, which will affect the positioning and processing. Then, the four ring components 10 to be processed are placed in the fixing fixture 7 for precision positioning and fixing, and wait for glossing processing.

[0068] In practice, after the four ring components 10 are finished with a high gloss, the flattening mechanism first blows the fixing fixture 7 to remove the processing debris. The third cylinder 73 drives the adjusting plate 713 to move upward, and the round rod 79 moves upward accordingly. The arc-shaped petals of the annular sleeve 75 retract, and the fixing fixture 7 is in the unlocked state. At the same time, a set of finger cylinders 94 first removes the finished ring component 10 from the annular sleeve 75 of the fixing fixture 7, and then blows the fixing fixture 7 again to remove debris from its surface. Another set of finger cylinders 94 puts the ring component 10 with the calibrated spacing into the ring of the fixing fixture 7. Outside the annular sleeve 75, the pressure cylinder 911 connected to the pressure tube 99 is fitted on the outside of the annular sleeve 75, pressing down to flatten the ring component 10. Then, the third cylinder 73 drives the adjusting plate 713 to move down, and the round rod 79 moves down accordingly. The arc petals of the annular sleeve 75 expand to fix the ring component 10. At this time, the fixing fixture 7 is in a locked state. Finally, the high-gloss component on the high-gloss machine performs high-gloss processing on the top surface and outer wall of the ring component 10. The robot arm 4 drives the finger cylinder 94 to put the high-gloss processed ring component 10 into the blister tray 3 and picks up the ring component 10 to be processed again.

[0069] 7) Repeat steps 3) to 6) sequentially perform high-gloss processing on the ring components 10 on the blister tray 3. After all the ring components 10 in the blister tray 3 on the transfer frame 22 have been high-gloss processed, the tray-retrieving mechanism 23 transfers the blister tray 3 on the transfer frame 22 to another set of hopper components 21.

[0070] The working principle of the loading and unloading device and method for high-gloss processing of ring components provided by the present invention is as follows: The gripping mechanism on the picking and unloading assembly 9 of two sets of robotic arms 4 alternately grips the ring component 10 to be processed. The gripping mechanism on the picking and unloading assembly 9 takes out the high-gloss ring component 10 from the fixed fixture 7 and puts it into the ring component 10 to be processed. The positioning mechanism 5 performs pre-positioning to ensure accurate placement. The two sets of high-gloss machines perform high-gloss processing on the ring component 10 together, which can batch load and unload small-volume ring components 10, improve the loading and unloading efficiency of ring components 10, and thus improve the processing efficiency of ring components 10. Moreover, the whole process is fully automated, ensuring the processing accuracy and quality of ring components 10 and reducing labor intensity.

[0071] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms; rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components, characterized in that, include: Device platform; Blister tray, the blister tray being used to hold the ring component; A robotic arm is mounted on a device platform. The robotic arm is equipped with a material handling assembly, which includes a mounting frame fixed to the robotic arm. The mounting frame is equipped with two sets of gripping mechanisms and one set of flattening mechanisms. The gripping mechanisms are used to grip several ring components, and the flattening mechanism is used to flatten several ring components to be processed located on a fixed fixture. The positioning mechanism, located on the device platform, is used to pre-position several ring components to be processed that are held by the clamping mechanism from the blister tray. A fixed fixture is set on the worktable of the high-gloss machine for precise positioning and fixing of several ring components to be processed; the robot arm uses a gripping mechanism to grip and place the pre-positioned ring components to be processed onto the fixed fixture, and uses a flattening mechanism to flatten them so that all the ring components on the fixed fixture are on the same plane.

2. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism includes a bracket, the top of which is provided with a matrix of positioning columns, the top surface of which is provided with a tapered guide head, and the bottom outer diameter of the tapered guide head is consistent with the inner diameter of the ring component.

3. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing fixture includes a base plate, a top plate, and a third cylinder. The third cylinder is fixed to the base plate, and the base plate is fixedly connected to the top plate. Several annular sleeves are embedded in the top surface of the top plate, and the distribution spacing of the annular sleeves is consistent with the distribution spacing of the positioning column heads. The side wall of the annular sleeve is provided with a supporting ring platform. The side wall of the annular sleeve is provided with multiple expansion joints arranged in annular array along the axial direction. An inner support member is provided inside the annular sleeve that passes through the top plate. The inner support member is elastically connected to the top plate, and the third cylinder is used to drive and control the lifting and lowering of the inner support member. When the inner support member rises, the annular sleeve contracts; when the inner support member falls, the annular sleeve expands to fix the ring member.

4. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer top wall of the annular sleeve is an inwardly tapered annular surface, and the inner top wall of the annular sleeve is a tapered groove. The inner support includes a round rod, the upper end of which is provided with a tapered component integrated with the rod, and the lower end of which passes through the top plate and is fixedly connected to a limiting component. The limiting component and the top plate are connected by a second spring.

5. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gripping mechanism includes a first cylinder, the telescopic end of which is fixedly connected to a lifting plate frame. A plurality of matrix-distributed finger cylinders are mounted on the lifting plate frame. The gripping ends of the finger cylinders are fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged gripping fingers. The flattening mechanism includes a second cylinder, the telescopic end of which is fixedly connected to a flat plate. A matrix-distributed pressure tube is slidably connected to the flat plate. The distribution of the pressure tubes matches the distribution of the finger cylinders. The lower end of each pressure tube is provided with an integrally connected pressure cylinder. The pressure cylinder and the flat plate are connected by a first spring.

6. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the pressure tube is fixedly connected to the upright connector. The pressure cylinder, pressure tube and upright connector are interconnected through an air passage. The upright connector is connected to the air pipe of the air pump structure and is used to purge towards the fixed fixture.

7. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hopper mechanism, which is located in the middle of the device platform and is used to stack and place blister trays. The hopper mechanism includes two sets of hopper components, one set of transfer frame and two sets of tray retrieval mechanisms. The hopper components are respectively located on both sides of the transfer frame. The two sets of hopper components are used to stack and place blister trays. The tray retrieval mechanisms are rotationally symmetrically located on the device platform and correspond one-to-one with the hopper components. The tray retrieval mechanisms are used to transfer blister trays between the hopper components and the transfer frame.

8. A loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The ring component is a watch bezel, a bearing ring, or a metal O-ring.

9. The loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of ring components or ring components to be processed is four.

10. A method for loading and unloading materials, characterized in that, It uses the loading and unloading device for high-gloss treatment of ring components as described in claim 1 for loading and unloading, including the following steps: 1) One of the gripping mechanisms on the robotic arm grips several ring components to be processed inside the blister tray; 2) The clamping mechanism places the ring component to be processed into the positioning mechanism for pre-positioning; 3) After the clamping mechanism clamps the pre-positioned ring component again, it moves it to the fixed fixture position; 4) Another set of gripping mechanisms on the robot arm removes the ring component after glossing from the fixed fixture, and then places the ring component to be processed onto the fixed fixture and flattens it with the flattening mechanism and locks it in place so that it can be gloss processed. At the same time, the robot arm places the ring component after glossing onto the blister tray. 5) Repeat steps 1) through 4) until all the ring components inside the blister tray are finished with a high gloss.

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