Livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and provides a livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation and directional lactylation system. The invention provides a livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactylation system which is used for solving the technical problems that in an existing livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactylation process, due to the defects that the oxygen utilization rate cannot be accurately metered, oxygen supply control loop opening is achieved, and the micro-aerobic environment is unstable, energy is wasted, and the generation efficiency of a lactylated liquid fertilizer is low. Comprising a fermentation tank, an aeration device, a gas monitoring device and a controller, the fermentation tank is used for accommodating waste for fermentation and is provided with an exhaust hole; the aeration device is communicated with the fermentation tank and is used for supplying oxygen-containing gas into the fermentation tank; the gas monitoring device is communicated with the exhaust hole and is used for monitoring oxygen concentration and tail gas flow in tail gas exhausted from the fermentation tank; and the controller is electrically connected with the aeration device and the gas monitoring device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and in particular to a livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system. Background Art

[0002] Lactic acid liquid fertilizer, as an organic fertilizer, is an effective way to convert organic waste, such as livestock and poultry manure, into high-value liquid fertilizer through microbial fermentation. The core of this process is to utilize dominant strains of lactic acid bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria, to metabolize organic matter under specific fermentation conditions, producing a lactic acid-rich liquid product.

[0003] In traditional lactic acid fermentation processes, it is generally believed that the metabolism of lactic acid bacteria needs to be carried out in an anaerobic environment. However, research and production practice have shown that at specific stages of fermentation or for certain efficient strains, a precisely controlled microaeration environment can actually promote bacterial proliferation, increase metabolic activity and shorten the fermentation cycle. For this reason, the prior art usually provides an air intake device (such as an aeration pump) and an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) sensor on a closed fermentation tank. Its control logic is: the redox potential of the liquid in the tank is monitored in real time by an ORP sensor. When the ORP value deviates from the preset range, the control system starts or stops the air intake device, and replenishes or stops the supply of oxygen-containing gas (usually air) into the fermentation tank, in order to maintain the fermentation environment in a set microaerobic state.

[0004] However, this ORP-based control method has inherent technical flaws. First, the ORP value is a comprehensive, indirect indicator, influenced not only by dissolved oxygen concentration but also by a complex array of factors, including the various redox substances in the fermentation broth, pH, and temperature. Therefore, it does not have a simple linear relationship with the actual micro-oxygen level, resulting in signal delays and inaccurate indications.

[0005] More importantly, existing technologies use an open-loop oxygen supply system. After air is introduced into the fermenter, some of the oxygen is consumed by the microorganisms, while a large amount of unused oxygen mixes with exhaust gases such as carbon dioxide produced by fermentation and is directly discharged from the system. Due to the lack of online monitoring of the exhaust gas composition and flow rate, the system is unable to determine the actual oxygen consumption and utilization rate during the fermentation process. This creates a critical "information blind spot": the control system only knows "how much oxygen is supplied" but not "how much oxygen is consumed," making it impossible to perform precise closed-loop feedback adjustments based on the actual needs of the microorganisms.

[0006] This control mode directly leads to two main problems: first, the oxygen utilization efficiency is low, and a large amount of supplemented oxygen is not utilized and is discharged, causing significant waste of energy; second, the micro-oxygen environment control precision is poor, and local oxygen excess or deficiency caused by supply-demand mismatch cannot be avoided, thereby affecting the directional metabolism of dominant bacteria, and ultimately limiting the efficiency of lactic acid fermentation.

[0007] Therefore, how to realize accurate metering and closed-loop control of oxygen supply in the micro-oxygen fermentation process, while improving oxygen utilization rate, and creating a stable and uniform micro-oxygen environment for directional lactic acidification, is a technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application provides a livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system to solve the technical problems of energy waste and low lactic acidification liquid fertilizer production efficiency caused by the defects of inaccurate oxygen utilization rate metering, open-loop oxygen supply control, and unstable micro-aerobic environment in the existing livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification process.

[0009] The above-mentioned object of the present application can be realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present application provides a livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system, comprising: a fermentation tank, an aeration device, a gas monitoring device, and a controller; the fermentation tank is used to contain waste for fermentation and has an exhaust hole; the aeration device is in communication with the fermentation tank and is used to supply oxygen-containing gas into the fermentation tank; the gas monitoring device is in communication with the exhaust hole and is used to monitor the oxygen concentration and tail gas flow rate of the tail gas discharged from the fermentation tank; the controller is electrically connected with the aeration device and the gas monitoring device and is configured to: calculate the actual utilization amount of oxygen in the fermentation process according to the oxygen concentration and tail gas flow rate monitored by the gas monitoring device and the parameters of the oxygen-containing gas supplied by the aeration device; compare the actual utilization amount with a preset oxygen demand amount; and control the operation of the aeration device according to the comparison result to supplement oxygen for the fermentation process.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, an oxidation-reduction potential sensor is further included, which is arranged in the fermentation tank and is electrically connected with the controller; the controller is further configured to: control the start and stop of the aeration device according to the value monitored by the oxidation-reduction potential sensor.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, the controller is configured to: take the value monitored by the oxidation-reduction potential sensor as a basic control signal to control the start and stop of the aeration device; and take the oxygen supplement amount calculated from the difference between the actual utilization amount and the oxygen demand amount as an accurate compensation control signal to drive the aeration device to supplement oxygen supply.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas monitoring device includes an air chamber, an exhaust pipe, an oxygen concentration probe and a gas flow meter; the air chamber has an air cavity, an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet is connected to the air outlet through the air cavity; one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust hole, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the air inlet; the oxygen concentration probe is arranged in the air cavity; and the gas flow meter is arranged in the exhaust pipe.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation tank has a feed hole and a discharge hole; the livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system also includes a solid-liquid separation device, a membrane filtration device and a reflux pipe; the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the discharge hole, for separating solids and liquids, and the solid-liquid separation device has a solid outlet for the solid to flow out and a liquid outlet for the liquid to flow out; the solid is compost; the membrane filtration device is connected to the liquid outlet, and has a first outlet and a second outlet; the first outlet is used to discharge lactic acidified liquid fertilizer; the second outlet is used to discharge concentrated liquid rich in bacteria; one end of the reflux pipe is connected to the second outlet, and the other end of the reflux pipe is connected to the feed hole, and the reflux pipe is used to transport the concentrated liquid to the fermentation tank.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the aeration device includes a plurality of aeration units, an aeration control unit, an aeration pump and an air supply unit; the plurality of aeration units are arranged from top to bottom along the fermentation tank and are located inside the fermentation tank; the aeration control unit is arranged on the air supply unit and is electrically connected to the controller; the aeration pump is connected to the plurality of aeration units through the air supply unit and is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is further configured to: control the aeration control unit so that the plurality of aeration units are aerated simultaneously for a preset time, and then aerate the aeration unit located at the bottom of the fermentation tank separately.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the multiple aeration units include a first aeration unit and a second aeration unit; the first aeration unit is located above the second aeration unit; the air supply unit includes a first air supply pipeline and a second air supply pipeline connected to the aeration pump; the first air supply pipeline is connected to the first aeration unit; the second air supply pipeline is connected to the second aeration unit; the aeration control unit includes a first control valve respectively arranged on the first air supply pipeline and a second control valve on the second air supply pipeline, and the first control valve and the second control valve are electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a stirring device, which includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is arranged in the fermentation tank along the height direction of the fermentation tank; multiple aeration units are fixed on the rotating shaft and are arranged in a blade shape to form an integrated aeration stirring paddle.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shaft is configured as a hollow structure and has a first cavity connected to the first aeration unit and a second cavity connected to the second aeration unit, and the first cavity and the second cavity are separated; the livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system also includes a multi-channel rotary joint, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft through the multi-channel rotary joint; the first air supply pipeline is connected to the first cavity through the multi-channel rotary joint; the second air supply pipeline is connected to the second cavity through the multi-channel rotary joint.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to execute a gas defoaming mode, which includes: when it is detected that the liquid level in the fermentation tank is higher than a preset foam threshold, temporarily closing the air supply of the second air supply pipeline leading to the second chamber, and supplying air to the first chamber only through the first air supply pipeline; at the same time, controlling the drive motor to increase the rotation speed of the rotating shaft so that the blades of the first aeration unit located near the liquid surface perform high-speed mechanical shearing and aeration impact on the foam to achieve bubble breaking.

[0020] The characteristics and advantages of the livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system of the present invention are:

[0021] The aeration device supplies oxygen-containing gas to the fermentation tank containing waste. Microorganisms consume part of the oxygen during the fermentation process, and the remaining oxygen is mixed with other fermentation exhaust gases and discharged through the exhaust hole. At this time, the gas monitoring device connected to the exhaust hole will accurately measure the oxygen concentration and exhaust gas flow in the exhaust gas. After receiving this monitoring data, the controller combines the known parameters of the oxygen-containing gas supplied by the aeration device (such as gas flow rate and initial oxygen concentration) and calculates the difference between "oxygen supply" and "oxygen discharge" to accurately obtain the actual oxygen utilization during the fermentation process. Subsequently, the controller compares the actual utilization with the preset oxygen demand for directional lactic acidification in real time, and dynamically adjusts the operation of the aeration device (such as start and stop or power adjustment) based on the comparison results to achieve accurate oxygen supplementation for the fermentation process. This approach abandons the traditional open-loop control that relies on indirect indicators and forms a closed-loop control of "oxygen supply-oxygen consumption-oxygen measurement-feedback regulation", ensuring that the oxygen supply is precisely matched with the actual needs of microorganisms, thereby creating a stable and uniform micro-oxygen environment for targeted lactic acidification, avoiding energy waste, and improving the efficiency of final product generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the rotary shaft and the multi-channel rotary joint of the present invention in an assembled state;

[0025] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the rotary shaft and the multi-channel rotary joint of the present invention in a separated state;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a front view of the rotary shaft and the multi-channel rotary joint of the present invention in an assembled state;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the A-A direction.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Fermentation tank; 11. Exhaust hole; 12. Feed hole; 13. Discharge hole; 2. Aeration device; 21. First aeration unit; 22. Second aeration unit; 23. Aeration control unit; 231. First control valve; 232. Second control valve; 24. Aeration pump; 25. Air supply unit; 251. First air supply pipeline; 252. Second air supply pipeline; 3. Gas monitoring device; 31. Air chamber; 311. Air cavity; 312. Air inlet; 313. Air outlet; 32. Exhaust pipe; 33. Oxygen concentration probe; 34. Gas flowmeter; 4. Oxidation-reduction potential sensor; 5. Solid-liquid separation device; 51. Solid outlet; 52. Liquid outlet; 6. Membrane filtration device; 61. First outlet; 62. Second outlet; 7. Reflux pipe; 8. Stirring device; 81. Drive motor; 82. Rotating shaft; 821. First cavity; 822. Second cavity; 9. Multi-channel rotary joint; H. Height direction of the fermentation tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used solely for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects. There is no order of precedence between the two, nor should they be understood to indicate or imply relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. The use of the term "may" herein is intended to indicate that any attribute described in "may" is optional.

[0032] In this embodiment, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment based on specific circumstances.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a micro-aerobic fermentation and directional lactic acidification system for livestock and poultry manure, comprising: a fermentation tank 1, an aeration device 2, a gas monitoring device 3 and a controller; the fermentation tank 1 is used to accommodate waste for fermentation and has an exhaust hole 11; the aeration device 2 is connected to the fermentation tank 1 and is used to supply oxygen-containing gas into the fermentation tank 1; the gas monitoring device 3 is connected to the exhaust hole 11 and is used to monitor the oxygen concentration and exhaust gas flow rate in the exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation tank 1; the controller is electrically connected to the aeration device 2 and the gas monitoring device 3 and is configured to: calculate the actual oxygen utilization during the fermentation process based on the oxygen concentration and exhaust gas flow rate monitored by the gas monitoring device 3 and the parameters of the oxygen-containing gas supplied by the aeration device 2; compare the actual oxygen utilization with a preset oxygen demand; and control the operation of the aeration device 2 based on the comparison result to supplement oxygen for the fermentation process.

[0034] During specific implementation, the aeration device 2 supplies oxygen-containing gas to the fermentation tank 1 containing waste. The microorganisms consume part of the oxygen during the fermentation process, and the remaining oxygen is mixed with other fermentation tail gases and discharged through the exhaust hole 11. At this time, the gas monitoring device 3 connected to the exhaust hole 11 will accurately measure the oxygen concentration and tail gas flow in the exhaust gas. After receiving this monitoring data, the controller combines the known parameters of the oxygen-containing gas supplied by the aeration device 2 (such as the gas supply flow and the initial oxygen concentration) and calculates the difference between the "oxygen supply amount" and the "oxygen discharge amount" to accurately obtain the actual oxygen utilization during the fermentation process. Subsequently, the controller compares the actual utilization amount with the oxygen demand preset for achieving directional lactic acidification in real time, and dynamically adjusts the operation of the aeration device 2 (such as starting and stopping or adjusting the power) based on the comparison result to achieve accurate oxygen supplementation for the fermentation process. This approach abandons the traditional open-loop control that relies on indirect indicators and forms a closed-loop control of "oxygen supply-oxygen consumption-oxygen measurement-feedback regulation", ensuring that the oxygen supply is precisely matched with the actual needs of microorganisms, thereby creating a stable and uniform micro-oxygen environment for targeted lactic acidification, avoiding energy waste, and improving the efficiency of final product generation.

[0035] In this embodiment, the exhaust hole 11 may be located at the top of the fermentation tank 1 .

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an oxidation-reduction potential sensor 4 is further included, which is arranged in the fermentation tank 1 and electrically connected to the controller; the controller is further configured to: start and stop the aeration device 2 according to the value monitored by the oxidation-reduction potential sensor 4.

[0037] In practice, the redox potential sensor 4 continuously monitors the macroscopic redox state of the liquid in the fermenter 1. When this value rapidly deviates from the normal threshold due to drastic changes in fermentation (for example, due to excessive anaerobic conditions or excessive aeration), the controller immediately activates and deactivates the aeration device 2 based on this signal, enabling rapid, coarse-tuning intervention to prevent extreme fluctuations in the fermentation environment. This coarse-tuning control complements the precise oxygen consumption control (fine-tuning) based on the gas monitoring device 3, enabling the system to not only accurately and quantitatively replenish oxygen but also respond more promptly to sudden changes in the fermentation process, ensuring that the entire targeted lactation process proceeds under more stable and efficient microaerobic conditions.

[0038] In this embodiment, the redox potential sensor 4 may be a conventional technology.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the controller is configured to: use the value monitored by the redox potential sensor 4 as the basic control signal to start and stop the aeration device 2; and use the oxygen supplement amount calculated based on the difference between the actual utilization amount and the oxygen demand amount as the precise compensation control signal to drive the aeration device 2 to supplement the oxygen supply.

[0040] During specific implementation, the controller first uses the value monitored by the redox potential sensor 4 as the basic control signal to start and stop the aeration device 2. This method can quickly respond to drastic changes in the overall environment of the fermentation liquid, maintain the redox potential within a preset macroscopic range, and play a fast, coarse-tuning "guardian" role to prevent serious deviations in the system state. On this basis, the controller also calculates the amount of oxygen supplement based on the difference between the actual utilization and the oxygen demand, which is used as a precise compensation control signal to drive the aeration device 2 to supplement the oxygen supply. This is equivalent to implementing a quantitative fine-tuning supplement within the framework of coarse control, ensuring that the oxygen supply matches the real-time and precise needs of the microorganisms. This strategy of combining rapid response control of the macroscopic state with precise quantitative control of microscopic oxygen consumption enables the system to respond to sudden changes and achieve fine management, thereby creating and maintaining a stable and efficient micro-oxygen environment for the directional lactic acidification process.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas monitoring device 3 includes an air chamber 31, an exhaust pipe 32, an oxygen concentration probe 33 and a gas flow meter 34; the air chamber 31 has an air cavity 311, an air inlet 312 and an air outlet 313, and the air inlet 312 is connected to the air outlet 313 through the air cavity 311; one end of the exhaust pipe 32 is connected to the exhaust hole 11, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 32 is connected to the air inlet 312; the oxygen concentration probe 33 is arranged in the air cavity 311; the gas flow meter 34 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 32.

[0042] During specific implementation, all the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust hole 11 of the fermentation tank 1 is first guided into the exhaust pipe 32. In this single channel, the gas flowmeter 34 arranged on the exhaust pipe 32 measures the total flow of the exhaust gas in real time. Subsequently, the exhaust gas enters the air inlet 312 of the air chamber 31 through the other end of the exhaust pipe 32 and flows through the internal air cavity 311. Since the oxygen concentration probe 33 is specially arranged in the air cavity 311, it can analyze the components of the exhaust gas flowing through it in an exclusive space with relatively smooth air flow and free from external interference, accurately measure the oxygen concentration therein, and the gas is finally discharged through the air outlet 313. This structural design of arranging the flow measurement and concentration measurement functions in the pipeline and the dedicated air chamber 31 respectively ensures that the measurement environments of the two core data are independent and optimized, avoids mutual interference, and thus ensures that the original data provided for the controller to calculate the oxygen consumption is accurate and reliable.

[0043] In this embodiment, the oxygen concentration probe 33 and the gas flow meter 34 may be existing technologies.

[0044] In some embodiments, a valve may be provided at the air outlet 313 and connected to a controller. The valve is normally closed, and the controller is configured to open the valve after fermentation is completed.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation tank 1 has a feed hole 12 and a discharge hole 13; the livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system also includes a solid-liquid separation device 5, a membrane filtration device 6 and a reflux pipe 7; the solid-liquid separation device 5 is connected to the discharge hole 13, for separating solids and liquids, and the solid-liquid separation device 5 has a solid outlet 51 for solid outflow and a liquid outlet 52 for liquid outflow; the solid is compost; the membrane filtration device 6 is connected to the liquid outlet 52, and has a first outlet 61 and a second outlet 62; the first outlet 61 is used to discharge lactic acidified liquid fertilizer; the second outlet 62 is used to discharge a concentrated liquid rich in bacteria; one end of the reflux pipe 7 is connected to the second outlet 62, and the other end of the reflux pipe 7 is connected to the feed hole 12, and the reflux pipe 7 is used to transport the concentrated liquid to the fermentation tank 1.

[0046] During specific implementation, the mature fermented material enters the solid-liquid separation device 5 from the discharge port 13 of the fermentation tank 1, where the solid compost is first separated, and the resulting liquid portion then enters the membrane filtration device 6. In the membrane filtration device 6, the pure lactic acid liquid fertilizer is discharged from the first outlet 61 as the final product, while the concentrated liquid rich in bacterial strains that has been retained by the membrane is discharged from the second outlet 62. The key point is that this part of the concentrated liquid is not discarded, but is accurately transported back to the feed port 12 of the fermentation tank 1 through the reflux pipe 7, thereby achieving direct replenishment and enrichment of the efficient and dominant bacterial strains. This design ensures that a high concentration of active microorganisms is always maintained in the fermentation tank 1, greatly shortening the fermentation startup time of the newly input material and enhancing the efficiency of directional lactic acidification.

[0047] In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separation device 5 and the membrane filtration device 6 may be existing technologies.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the aeration device 2 includes a plurality of aeration units, an aeration control unit 23, an aeration pump 24 and an air supply unit 25; the plurality of aeration units are arranged from top to bottom along the fermentation tank 1 and are located inside the fermentation tank 1; the aeration control unit 23 is arranged on the air supply unit 25 and is electrically connected to the controller; the aeration pump 24 is connected to the plurality of aeration units through the air supply unit 25 and is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is further configured to: control the aeration control unit 23 so that the plurality of aeration units are aerated simultaneously for a preset time, and then aerate the aeration unit located at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 separately.

[0049] During specific implementation, since the bacteria proliferate evenly throughout the tank in the early stage of fermentation, comprehensive oxygen supply is required; in the middle and late stages of fermentation, high-density materials settle and the oxygen demand at the bottom is greater. Therefore, the controller is made to execute a two-stage aeration program (function). In the first stage, the controller controls the aeration control unit 23 so that multiple aeration units are aerated simultaneously for a preset time. This tank-wide, top-down synchronous aeration can produce strong stirring and mixing effects in a short period of time, quickly break up material clumps, and evenly distribute oxygen, heat, and microorganisms throughout the fermentation tank 1, achieving rapid homogenization. In the second stage, after completing the preliminary mixing, the system switches modes and aerates the aeration units at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 separately. In summary, through the above-mentioned settings, independent and dynamic regulation of oxygen supply to different areas in the fermentation tank 1 is achieved to match the real-time, local needs of microorganisms.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the multiple aeration units include a first aeration unit 21 and a second aeration unit 22; the first aeration unit 21 is located above the second aeration unit 22; the air supply unit 25 includes a first air supply pipeline 251 and a second air supply pipeline 252 connected to the aeration pump 24; the first air supply pipeline 251 is connected to the first aeration unit 21; the second air supply pipeline 252 is connected to the second aeration unit 22; the aeration control unit 23 includes a first control valve 231 and a second control valve 232 respectively arranged on the first air supply pipeline 251 and the second air supply pipeline 252, and the first control valve 231 and the second control valve 232 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0051] In practice, to address the technical challenge of materials settling easily in the late stages of fermentation, resulting in a much greater oxygen demand in the bottom region than in the upper clear liquid region, the controller is configured to open only the second control valve 232, allowing gas to flow solely through the second air supply line 252 to enhance aeration in the lower second aeration unit 22, thereby meeting the high oxygen demand in the bottom region. Simultaneously, the first control valve 231 is closed, halting the ineffective oxygen supply to the upper first aeration unit 21. This prevents direct oxygen escape from the liquid surface, which could wastefully affect the monitoring results of the gas monitoring device 3. In this way, the system achieves a precise spatial match between oxygen supply and microbial activity, significantly improving oxygen utilization and energy efficiency, and effectively resolving the common problem of uneven supply and demand in the fermentation of high-solids materials.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a stirring device 8 is further included, which includes a driving motor 81 and a rotating shaft 82. The rotating shaft 82 is arranged in the fermentation tank 1 along the height direction H of the fermentation tank 1; multiple aeration units are fixed on the rotating shaft 82 and are arranged in a blade shape to form an integrated aeration stirring paddle.

[0053] In specific implementation, when the driving motor 81 drives the rotating shaft 82 to rotate, the blade-shaped aeration unit fixed thereon can not only release gas outward, but more importantly, its blade structure will produce a strong mixing, shearing and pushing effect on the fermentation material, thereby achieving homogenization of the material and improving the utilization rate of oxygen; at the same time, it simplifies the equipment structure, combines two core functional components into one, reduces equipment cost and occupied space, and provides a compact and high-performance solution for achieving an efficient and uniform micro-aerobic fermentation environment.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shaft 82 is configured as a hollow structure and has a first cavity 821 connected to the first aeration unit 21 and a second cavity 822 connected to the second aeration unit 22, and the first cavity 821 and the second cavity 822 are separated; the livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system also includes a multi-channel rotary joint 9, and the output shaft of the drive motor 81 is connected to the rotating shaft 82 through the multi-channel rotary joint 9; the first air supply pipeline 251 is connected to the first cavity 821 through the multi-channel rotary joint 9; the second air supply pipeline 252 is connected to the second cavity 822 through the multi-channel rotary joint 9.

[0055] In practice, airflow from the independent external first and second air supply lines 251, 252 is precisely and independently distributed via the multi-channel rotary joint 9 to the isolated first and second chambers 821, 822 within the rotating shaft 82. The air then enters the corresponding first and second aeration units 21, 22 from the first and second chambers 821, 822, respectively, before ultimately being released into the material. This system not only retains the efficient mixing and mass transfer benefits of stirring, but also enables dynamic, precise, and independent aeration of different spatial regions while rotating.

[0056] In this embodiment, the hollow rotating shaft 82 can be composed of two concentrically mounted tubes: an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner tube can be a thinner tube that is longer than the outer tube, forming a second cavity 822 that is completely continuous from top to bottom, and the side wall of the inner tube has an outlet port connected to the second aeration unit 22. The outer tube can be a thicker tube that is sleeved on the upper portion of the inner tube, and the side wall of the outer tube has an outlet port connected to the first aeration unit 21. The annular space between the inner and outer tubes constitutes the first cavity 821. The multi-channel rotary joint 9 has a first outlet and a second outlet. The first outlet is located at the center of the lower end of the multi-channel rotary joint 9, and the second outlet is located at the lower end of the multi-channel rotary joint 9 and is eccentrically arranged. The first outlet directly interfaces with the inner tube (second cavity 822), and the second outlet interfaces with the annular space between the inner and outer tubes (first cavity 821). The multi-channel rotary joint 9 can be a conventional technology, or can be called a two-inlet, two-outlet gas slip ring, comprising a fixed portion and a rotating portion; the fixed portion can be installed on the top of the fermenter 1, and the side wall of the fixed portion has a first air inlet interface and a second air inlet interface. The output shaft of the drive motor 81 is connected to the rotating shaft 82 through the rotating portion. The gas delivery path is as follows:

[0057] The first air supply line 251 is connected to the first air inlet port of the fixed part. Through this port, the gas enters the annular channel inside the rotary joint, is then guided into the annular first chamber 821 formed by the inner and outer tubes, and finally enters the upper first aeration unit 21 through the opening in the outer tube.

[0058] The second air supply line 252 is connected to the second air inlet port of the fixed portion. Gas enters the central channel inside the rotary joint through this port and is directly introduced into the inner tube (i.e., the second chamber 822). It is then transported downward along this independent pipeline and finally enters the second aeration unit 22 below.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to execute a gas defoaming mode, which includes: when it is detected that the liquid level in the fermentation tank 1 is higher than a preset foam threshold, temporarily closing the air supply of the second air supply line 252 to the second chamber 822, that is, the controller closes the second control valve 232 and only supplies air to the first chamber 821 through the first air supply line 251; at the same time, controlling the drive motor 81 to increase the speed of the rotating shaft 82, so that the blades of the first aeration unit 21 located near the liquid surface perform high-speed mechanical shearing and aeration impact on the foam to achieve bubble breaking.

[0060] In specific implementation, when the system detects excessive foam, the controller strategically changes the operating parameters of the hardware, i.e. concentrates the gas supply to the first aeration unit 21 near the liquid surface and simultaneously increases the rotation speed of the stirring device 8; this makes the first aeration unit 21 originally used for oxygen supply "role switch" to a high-efficiency mechanical-gas combined defoamer in this specific mode. The high-speed rotating blades perform strong mechanical shearing on the liquid surface foam, and the concentrated gas flow forms an aeration impact, both of which work together to quickly destroy the foam structure. This method provides an embedded, intelligent, and zero hardware cost solution to the problem of excessive foam during fermentation.

[0061] It can be understood that the livestock and poultry manure fermentation is serious. Excessive foam will block the exhaust hole 11, affecting the gas discharge. The traditional solution, such as additional installation of a mechanical defoamer, will increase the equipment cost and structural complexity, and is easy to be damaged in the humid environment of the fermentation tank 1; while adding a chemical defoamer requires opening the tank body, which may destroy the micro-oxygen environment in the tank and introduce additional chemicals, increasing the uncontrollability of the process. The present application realizes the function of gas shearing defoaming by using the existing "zoned aeration" hardware, without the need to increase additional defoamers. That is, the first aeration unit 21 is not only used for oxygen supply.

[0062] In some embodiments, a solar panel array, an energy storage device, a power management module, and an inverter can also be included. The solar panel array is composed of multiple solar photovoltaic panels and is installed in a location with sufficient light, which directly converts solar energy into direct current power. The power management module is an intelligent charge and discharge controller, commonly known as a solar controller, which is connected between the solar panel array and the energy storage device. Its main functions include: extracting maximum power from the solar panel array, charging the energy storage device with optimal voltage and current curves, and protecting it from overcharging. The energy storage device can be a set of high-capacity industrial-grade batteries (such as lithium battery packs or deep-cycle lead-acid batteries), which stores direct current power managed by the solar controller and provides stable direct current power to the system at night or on cloudy days without light. The inverter is a key bridge connecting the direct current power source and the alternating current load. The direct current input of the inverter is connected to the energy storage device, and the alternating current output is connected to all alternating current electrical equipment in the system, including the controller, the aeration pump 24 of the aeration device 2, and the drive motor 81 of the stirring device 8. Its function is to convert low-voltage direct current from the energy storage device into high-voltage alternating current that meets industrial standards to drive the alternating current load to work normally. That is, through the above structural arrangement, energy self-sufficiency is achieved, forming a livestock and poultry manure micro-aerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system.

[0063] The above merely illustrates some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the embodiments of the present application according to the content disclosed in the application file without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system, characterized in that: include: Fermentation tank (1), aeration device (2), gas monitoring device (3) and controller; The fermentation tank (1) is used to accommodate waste for fermentation and has an exhaust hole (11); The aeration device (2) is in communication with the fermentation tank (1) and is used to supply oxygen-containing gas into the fermentation tank (1); The gas monitoring device (3) is in communication with the exhaust hole (11) and is used to monitor the oxygen concentration and exhaust gas flow rate in the exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation tank (1); The controller is electrically connected to the aeration device (2) and the gas monitoring device (3), and is configured to: Calculating the actual amount of oxygen used during the fermentation process based on the oxygen concentration and the tail gas flow monitored by the gas monitoring device (3) and the parameters of the oxygen-containing gas supplied by the aeration device (2); comparing the actual utilization with a preset oxygen demand; And according to the comparison result, the operation of the aeration device (2) is controlled to supplement oxygen for the fermentation process.

2. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an oxidation-reduction potential sensor (4), which is arranged in the fermentation tank (1) and is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is further configured to: control the start and stop of the aeration device (2) according to the value monitored by the oxidation-reduction potential sensor (4).

3. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is configured to: Using the value monitored by the redox potential sensor (4) as a basic control signal, the aeration device (2) is started and stopped; The oxygen supplement amount calculated based on the difference between the actual utilization amount and the oxygen demand amount is used as a precise compensation control signal to drive the aeration device (2) to supplement the oxygen supply.

4. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas monitoring device (3) comprises a gas chamber (31), an exhaust pipe (32), an oxygen concentration probe (33) and a gas flow meter (34); The air chamber (31) has an air cavity (311), an air inlet (312), and an air outlet (313), wherein the air inlet (312) is connected to the air outlet (313) through the air cavity (311); One end of the exhaust pipe (32) is connected to the exhaust hole (11), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (32) is connected to the air inlet (312); The oxygen concentration probe (33) is disposed in the air cavity (311); The gas flow meter (34) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (32).

5. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation tank (1) has a feed hole (12) and a discharge hole (13); The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system further comprises a solid-liquid separation device (5), a membrane filtration device (6) and a reflux pipe (7); the solid-liquid separation device (5) is connected to the discharge hole (13) and is used to separate solids and liquids, and the solid-liquid separation device (5) has a solid outlet (51) for the solid to flow out and a liquid outlet (52) for the liquid to flow out; the solid is compost; the membrane filtration device (6) is connected to the liquid outlet (52) and has a first outlet (61) and a second outlet (62); the first outlet (61) is used to discharge lactic acidified liquid fertilizer; the second outlet (62) is used to discharge concentrated liquid rich in bacteria; one end of the reflux pipe (7) is connected to the second outlet (62), and the other end of the reflux pipe (7) is connected to the feed hole (12); the reflux pipe (7) is used to transport the concentrated liquid to the fermentation tank (1).

6. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration device (2) includes a plurality of aeration units, an aeration control unit (23), an aeration pump (24) and an air supply unit (25); A plurality of aeration units arranged from top to bottom along the fermentation tank (1) are located inside the fermentation tank (1); The aeration control unit (23) is arranged on the air supply unit (25) and is electrically connected to the controller; The aeration pump (24) is connected to the plurality of aeration units via the air supply unit (25) and is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is further configured to: control the aeration control unit (23) so that the plurality of aeration units are aerated simultaneously for a preset time, and then aerate the aeration unit located at the bottom of the fermentation tank (1) individually.

7. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of aeration units include a first aeration unit (21) and a second aeration unit (22); the first aeration unit (21) is located above the second aeration unit (22); The air supply unit (25) comprises a first air supply pipeline (251) and a second air supply pipeline (252) connected to the aeration pump (24); the first air supply pipeline (251) is connected to the first aeration unit (21); the second air supply pipeline (252) is connected to the second aeration unit (22); The aeration control unit (23) comprises a first control valve (231) provided on the first air supply pipeline (251) and a second control valve (232) provided on the second air supply pipeline (252), respectively; the first control valve (231) and the second control valve (232) are electrically connected to the controller.

8. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also includes a stirring device (8), wherein the stirring device (8) includes a driving motor (81) and a rotating shaft (82), and the rotating shaft (82) is arranged in the fermentation tank (1) along the height direction (H) of the fermentation tank (1); a plurality of aeration units are fixed on the rotating shaft (82) and are arranged in a blade shape to form an integrated aeration stirring paddle.

9. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (82) is configured as a hollow structure and has a first cavity (821) communicating with the first aeration unit (21) and a second cavity (822) communicating with the second aeration unit (22), wherein the first cavity (821) and the second cavity (822) are separated. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system further includes a multi-channel rotary joint (9), and the output shaft of the drive motor (81) is connected to the rotating shaft (82) via the multi-channel rotary joint (9); The first air supply pipeline (251) is connected to the first cavity (821) via the multi-channel rotary joint (9); The second air supply pipeline (252) is connected to the second cavity (822) via the multi-channel rotary joint (9).

10. The livestock and poultry manure microaerobic fermentation directional lactic acidification system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller is further configured to execute a gas defoaming mode, which includes: when it is detected that the liquid level in the fermentation tank (1) is higher than a preset foam threshold, temporarily closing the air supply of the second air supply pipeline (252) to the second chamber (822), and supplying air to the first chamber (821) only through the first air supply pipeline (251); at the same time, controlling the driving motor (81) to increase the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (82), so that the blades of the first aeration unit (21) located near the liquid surface perform high-speed mechanical shearing and aeration impact on the foam to achieve bubble breaking.

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