Preparation method of high-performance rope with flame-retardant, waterproof, anti-cutting and self-powered health monitoring functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-performance rope with flame-retardant, waterproof, anti-cutting and self-powered health monitoring functions. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) solution; step 2, preparation of PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) fibers; 3, preparing the stretchable conductive yarn; step 4, preparing a flame-retardant solution; step 5, preparing a sheath-core composite fiber; step 6, preparing triboelectric yarns; and 7, preparing the high-performance rope. The prepared high-performance rope can be used for monitoring the state of the rope in real time to achieve an early warning effect, and the safety of firefighters is greatly guaranteed. For a fire department, whether the rope has potential risks or not can be known in advance by monitoring the state of the electric signal in real time, so that the life safety of firefighters is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high-performance fabrics, and in particular to a method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the times, people's requirements for material performance are becoming increasingly stringent. Whether in daily necessities or high-end industrial and special operation equipment, there is an urgent need for a material with multiple excellent properties to meet the needs of complex and changing environments. The development of science and technology has also brought many safety hazards. Electronic equipment is prone to fire and even explosion. Frequent fires cause huge losses of life and property, so fire safety is increasingly valued. Traditional materials often burn rapidly when encountering open flames, becoming accomplices in the spread of fire. Materials with flame retardant properties can effectively prevent or slow the spread of fire, buying precious time for personnel evacuation and fire fighting. Firefighters are the retrogrades in the fire scene, and their lives are under greater threat. To ensure their safety, people are increasingly demanding the intelligence and high performance of firefighting equipment and materials.

[0003] Integrating commercial sensors into firefighting uniforms to create smart firefighting uniforms requires traditional batteries, which expand and even explode when heated, posing new threats to firefighters. Triboelectric nanogenerators, however, are a safe and environmentally friendly new energy technology that harvests mechanical energy. Integrating them into firefighting uniforms allows for self-powered monitoring and energy supply, assisting firefighters in rescue operations. Furthermore, firefighters are vulnerable to injuries such as high temperatures and cuts during emergency rescue operations, so a material that can mitigate these injuries is needed to ensure personnel safety. In fire scenarios, high humidity can affect the electrical properties of triboelectricity, leading to a decrease in electrical properties.

[0004] Document No. 202411343332.X discloses an environmentally friendly, flame-retardant cellulose nanofiber triboelectric nanogenerator, its preparation method, and applications. However, it only possesses flame retardancy and is a cellulose nanofiber triboelectric film, which has significant limitations for use in clothing and reduces comfort. Document No. 202310058934.X discloses a moisture-resistant cellulose triboelectric material for motion sensing and its preparation method. It invents a hydrophobic and moisture-resistant cellulose film. Although it has a certain degree of hydrophobicity, it is still affected by moisture.

[0005] In summary, current research on triboelectric nanogenerators focuses on flame retardancy and moisture resistance, but generally focuses on only one property, with no research on cut resistance. However, integrating triboelectricity into smart firefighting uniforms requires high strength, flame retardancy, and resistance to humidity. Currently reported triboelectric yarns for firefighting and rescue applications still have significant room for improvement in flame retardancy, strength, and moisture resistance. Furthermore, these yarns also need to be endowed with certain cut resistance properties to achieve comprehensive protection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is to provide a method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Evenly mix the PDMS main agent and the PDMS auxiliary agent, and then degas to obtain a PDMS solution;

[0009] Step 2: preparing PDMS nascent fibers by heat-induced wet spinning of the PDMS solution prepared in step 1, and then removing the coagulation bath on the surface of the nascent fibers to obtain PDMS fibers;

[0010] Step 3: Using the PDMS fiber obtained in step 2 as the core yarn and the copper-silver-plated metal wire as the wrapping yarn, the copper-silver-plated metal wire is evenly wound around the PDMS fiber to obtain a stretchable conductive yarn;

[0011] Step 4: evenly dispersing APP and flame retardant in tetrahydrofuran, then adding SEBS particles and dissolving them to obtain a flame retardant solution;

[0012] Step 5: Using the stretchable conductive yarn of step 3 as the core layer and the flame retardant solution of step 4 as the skin layer, a primary core-skin composite fiber is prepared by coaxial wet spinning; the primary core-skin composite fiber is then placed in anhydrous ethanol to achieve phase separation and solidification to obtain a flame retardant and waterproof core-skin composite fiber;

[0013] Step 6: Using the core-sheath composite fiber of step 5 as the core yarn, the PBO fiber is woven onto the outside of the core-sheath composite fiber by a two-dimensional weaving technique to produce a high-performance triboelectric yarn with flame retardant, waterproof, and cut-resistant properties;

[0014] Step 7: Weave the aramid fiber winding yarn on the outside of the aramid fiber core yarn through two-dimensional weaving technology to produce a two-dimensional braided aramid yarn; then use the two-dimensional weaving technology to weave the triboelectric yarn in step 6 and the two-dimensional braided aramid yarn to produce a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) Compared with other existing self-powered yarns, the self-powered yarn provided by the present invention can realize energy supply at the fire scene, and has multifunctional properties such as flame retardancy, waterproofness, and cut resistance. It can be integrated into firefighting uniforms for application.

[0017] (2) The present invention utilizes a layered assembly textile technology to fabricate the self-powered yarn. PDMS and copper-plated silver wire serve as electrodes for the self-powered yarn. SEBS and a mixed flame retardant provide the yarn with waterproof and flame-retardant properties. PBO fiber provides the yarn with high strength and cut resistance, further enhancing its flame-retardant properties. Furthermore, the yarn provided by the present invention exhibits good flexibility and stable electrical properties.

[0018] (3) The fibers and yarns prepared by the present invention have simple solution configuration, simple process operation during fiber and yarn preparation, and easy control of parameters, thereby enabling continuous production.

[0019] (4) The high-performance rope produced by the present invention can be used to monitor the rope status in real time and provide early warning, greatly ensuring the safety of firefighters. For firefighters, by monitoring the status of electrical signals in real time, they can know in advance whether there are potential risks in the rope, thus protecting the lives of firefighters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a comparison diagram of the electrical performance of the high-performance rope in normal state and damaged state according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Voltage diagram of 3.5 cm long high-performance triboelectric yarn prepared in Example 1, Example 2 and Step 6 of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 Graphs showing the limiting oxygen index of the core-skin composite fibers prepared in step 5 of Example 1 and Example 5 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the mechanical properties of the sheath-core composite fiber prepared in step 5 of Example 1 and Example 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. The specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a method for preparing a high-performance rope having flame retardancy, waterproofness, cut resistance and self-powered health monitoring functions (hereinafter referred to as the method), characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 1, preparation of PDMS solution: PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) main agent and PDMS auxiliary agent are mixed evenly, and then degassed to obtain PDMS solution;

[0027] Preferably, in step 1, the mass ratio of the PDMS main agent to the PDMS auxiliary agent is 10:1.

[0028] Preferably, in step 1, the process for uniform mixing is: stirring at room temperature, a stirring speed of 200 to 400 rpm (preferably 300 rpm), and a time of 15 to 30 minutes.

[0029] Preferably, in step 1, the degassing process is: vacuum degassing at room temperature for 10 to 20 minutes, with a vacuum degree of 0.04 to 0.06 MPa.

[0030] Step 2, preparation of PDMS fibers: preparing PDMS nascent fibers by heat-induced wet spinning of the PDMS solution in step 1, and then removing the coagulation bath on the surface of the nascent fibers to obtain PDMS fibers;

[0031] Preferably, in step 2, the heat-induced wet spinning is specifically as follows: the PDMS solution of step 1 is placed in a syringe and vertically arranged directly above the coagulation bath; the PDMS solution is then extruded from the syringe into the coagulation bath for solidification to obtain PDMS nascent fibers; the air bath height (i.e., the distance between the needle and the liquid surface) is 15 to 20 mm, the propulsion speed is 15 to 30 ml / h, and the collection speed is 10 to 20 r / min; the coagulation bath is a high-temperature oil bath of 180 to 230°C, and the oil is dimethyl silicone oil.

[0032] Preferably, in step 2, the PDMS spun fiber is placed in diluted isopropyl alcohol or anhydrous ethanol to remove the coagulation bath on the surface of the spun fiber to obtain the PDMS fiber; the mass fraction of the diluted isopropyl alcohol or anhydrous ethanol is 20 to 40 wt%; and the standing time is 20 to 30 min.

[0033] Step 3, preparation of stretchable conductive yarn: using the PDMS fiber of step 2 as the core yarn and the copper-plated silver metal wire as the wrapping yarn, the copper-plated silver metal wire is evenly wound on the PDMS fiber to obtain a stretchable conductive yarn;

[0034] Preferably, in step 3, the wrapping angle is the angle between the copper-silver-plated metal wire and the PDMS fiber, and the wrapping angle is 30° to 80° (preferably 60° to 80°, more preferably 80°), which is a fixed value.

[0035] Preferably, in step 3, the diameter of the copper-silver-plated metal wire is 0.08 mm.

[0036] Step 4, preparation of flame retardant solution: APP (ammonium polyphosphate) and flame retardant are uniformly dispersed in tetrahydrofuran, and then SEBS particles are added and dissolved to obtain a flame retardant solution;

[0037] Preferably, in step 4, the flame retardant is commercial flame retardant FR-AMC01.

[0038] Preferably, in step 4, the dispersion process is: ultrasonic dispersion at room temperature, the ultrasonic power is 740W to 780W (preferably 760W), and the ultrasonic time is 15 to 45 minutes (preferably 30 minutes).

[0039] Preferably, in step 4, the dissolution process is: stirring at room temperature for at least 12 hours, with a stirring speed of 300 to 500 rpm (preferably 400 rpm).

[0040] Preferably, in step 4, in the flame retardant solution, the mass fraction of APP is 25wt% to 30wt%, the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 25wt% to 30wt%, and the mass fraction of SEBS is 20 to 25wt%.

[0041] Step 5, preparation of sheath-core composite fiber: using the stretchable conductive yarn of step 3 as the core layer and the flame retardant solution of step 4 as the sheath layer, a primary sheath-core composite fiber is prepared by coaxial wet spinning; the primary sheath-core composite fiber is then placed in anhydrous ethanol, and phase separation and solidification are achieved through the exchange of solvent and non-solvent to obtain a flame retardant and waterproof sheath-core composite fiber;

[0042] Preferably, in step 5, the coaxial wet spinning is specifically as follows: the stretchable conductive yarn is used as the core yarn, passed through the core layer of the coaxial needle, the flame retardant solution is placed in the syringe and pushed into the cortex of the coaxial needle at a speed of 40 to 60 ml / h, and then passed through an anhydrous ethanol coagulation bath and collected at a speed of 5 to 15 r / min to form a primary sheath-core composite fiber.

[0043] Preferably, in step 5, the time of placing in anhydrous ethanol is 4 to 8 hours.

[0044] Step 6: Preparation of triboelectric yarn: Using the core-sheath composite fiber of step 5 as the core yarn, PBO fiber is woven onto the outside of the core-sheath composite fiber by two-dimensional weaving technology to produce a high-performance triboelectric yarn with flame retardant, waterproof, and cut-resistant properties;

[0045] Preferably, in step 6, the core-sheath composite fiber (i.e. core yarn) is wound on a fixed bobbin, and a pre-tension is given by a tension device; the PBO fiber (i.e. wrap yarn) is wound on a moving bobbin; during weaving, the moving bobbin rotates counterclockwise and clockwise.

[0046] Step 7, preparation of high-performance rope: the aramid fiber wrap yarn is woven outside the aramid fiber core yarn by two-dimensional weaving technology to obtain two-dimensional woven aramid yarn; the frictional electric yarn of step 6 and the two-dimensional woven aramid yarn are woven to obtain a high-performance rope with the functions of flame retardation, waterproofness, cut resistance and self-powered health monitoring, which can be used for fire fighting.

[0047] Preferably, in step 7, the aramid fiber core yarn is 1000-2000D, and the aramid fiber wrap yarn is 200-600D.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] (1) At room temperature, the main agent and the auxiliary agent of PDMS with a mass ratio of 10:1 are stirred at 300 rpm for 30 min to make them fully mixed and uniform; then, the PDMS solution is prepared by defoaming in a vacuum oven at 0.06 MPa and room temperature for 20 min;

[0050] (2) The PDMS solution is placed in a syringe and vertically arranged above the coagulation bath at a distance of 20 mm from the oil surface; then, the PDMS solution is extruded from the syringe into the dimethyl silicone oil at a speed of 30 ml / h at 200℃ for solidification, and collected at a speed of 15 r / min to obtain PDMS as-spun fiber; then, the PDMS as-spun fiber is placed in a 30wt% isopropanol aqueous solution for 25 min to remove the coagulation bath on the surface of the as-spun fiber, and PDMS fiber is obtained;

[0051] (3) The PDMS fiber is used as the core yarn, and the silver-plated copper wire is used as the wrapping yarn; the silver-plated copper wire with a diameter of 0.08 mm is uniformly wrapped around the PDMS fiber at a wrapping angle of 80° to obtain stretchable conductive yarn;

[0052] (4) At room temperature, the APP and FR-AMC01 are uniformly ultrasonically dispersed in tetrahydrofuran, the ultrasonic power is 760 W, and the ultrasonic time is 30 min; then, the SEBS particles are added, and stirred at 400 rpm for 15 h to obtain a flame-retardant solution; in the flame-retardant solution, the mass fraction of APP is 25wt%, the mass fraction of flame retardant is 25wt%, and the mass fraction of SEBS is 25wt%;

[0053] (5) The stretchable conductive yarn is used as the core yarn and passed through the core layer of the coaxial needle. The flame retardant solution is placed in a syringe and pushed into the cortex of the coaxial needle at a speed of 60 ml / h. Then, it is passed through an anhydrous ethanol coagulation bath and collected at a speed of 10 r / min to prepare a primary core-skin composite fiber. The primary core-skin composite fiber is then placed in anhydrous ethanol and replaced for 6 hours to obtain a flame retardant and waterproof core-skin composite fiber.

[0054] (6) One strand of core-sheath composite fiber (i.e., core yarn) is wound on a fixed bobbin and pre-stretched by a tensioning device; 12 strands of PBO fiber (i.e., winding yarn) are wound on a moving bobbin; during weaving, the moving bobbin rotates counterclockwise and clockwise to weave the PBO fiber onto the outside of the core-sheath composite fiber, thereby preparing a high-performance triboelectric yarn with flame retardant, waterproof, and cut-resistant properties;

[0055] (7) Twelve strands of 400D aramid fiber winding yarn were woven onto the outside of one strand of 1600D aramid fiber core yarn using two-dimensional weaving technology to produce a two-dimensional braided aramid yarn. Then, seven strands of two-dimensional braided aramid yarn and one strand of triboelectric yarn were woven using two-dimensional weaving technology to produce a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions.

[0056] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that when the rope is in an ideal state and intact, the rope will generate electrical signals when the firefighters climb. However, when the rope gradually wears out during long-term use, the rope no longer emits any electrical signals.

[0057] The burning state of the rope is: it will extinguish itself when away from the fire.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] Example 2 is exactly the same as Example 1, except that the wrapping angle in step (3) is 30°.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] Example 3 is exactly the same as Example 1, except that the wrapping angle in step (3) is 60°.

[0062] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the voltages of Examples 1-3 are all relatively high, and the voltage of Example 1 is the highest.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] Example 4 is exactly the same as Example 1, except that in step (4), the mass fraction of SEBS is 20 wt%.

[0065] Example 5:

[0066] Example 5 is identical to Example 1, except that in step (4), the mass fraction of APP is 30 wt %, and the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 30 wt %. The burning state of the rope is self-extinguishing when away from the fire.

[0067] Depend on Figure 3-Figure 4 It can be seen that compared with Example 5, Example 1 has the best comprehensive mechanical and flame retardant properties.

[0068] Comparative Example 1:

[0069] Comparative Example 1 is exactly the same as Example 1, except that in step (4), the mass fraction of SEBS is 15 wt %.

[0070] Comparative Example 2:

[0071] Comparative Example 2 is identical to Example 1, except that in step (4), the mass fraction of APP is 20 wt %, and the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 20 wt %. The burning state of the rope is: it does not extinguish itself after leaving the fire and continues to burn.

[0072] Any matters not described in the present invention are applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Evenly mix the PDMS main agent and the PDMS auxiliary agent, and then degas to obtain a PDMS solution; Step 2: preparing PDMS nascent fibers by heat-induced wet spinning of the PDMS solution prepared in step 1, and then removing the coagulation bath on the surface of the nascent fibers to obtain PDMS fibers; Step 3: Using the PDMS fiber obtained in step 2 as the core yarn and the copper-silver-plated metal wire as the wrapping yarn, the copper-silver-plated metal wire is evenly wound around the PDMS fiber to obtain a stretchable conductive yarn; Step 4: evenly dispersing APP and flame retardant in tetrahydrofuran, then adding SEBS particles and dissolving them to obtain a flame retardant solution; Step 5: Using the stretchable conductive yarn of step 3 as the core layer and the flame retardant solution of step 4 as the skin layer, a primary core-skin composite fiber is prepared by coaxial wet spinning; the primary core-skin composite fiber is then placed in anhydrous ethanol to achieve phase separation and solidification to obtain a flame retardant and waterproof core-skin composite fiber; Step 6: Using the core-sheath composite fiber of step 5 as the core yarn, the PBO fiber is woven onto the outside of the core-sheath composite fiber by a two-dimensional weaving technique to produce a high-performance triboelectric yarn with flame retardant, waterproof, and cut-resistant properties; Step 7: Weave the aramid fiber winding yarn on the outside of the aramid fiber core yarn through two-dimensional weaving technology to produce a two-dimensional braided aramid yarn; then use the two-dimensional weaving technology to weave the triboelectric yarn in step 6 and the two-dimensional braided aramid yarn to produce a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions.

2. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the mass ratio of PDMS main agent to PDMS auxiliary agent is 10:1; In step 1, the mixing process is as follows: stirring at room temperature, a stirring speed of 200 to 400 rpm, and a time of 15 to 30 minutes; In step 1, the degassing process is: vacuum degassing at room temperature for 10 to 20 minutes, with a vacuum degree of 0.04 to 0.06 MPa.

3. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the heat-induced wet spinning is specifically as follows: the PDMS solution of step 1 is placed in a syringe and placed vertically above the coagulation bath; the PDMS solution is then extruded from the syringe into the coagulation bath for solidification to obtain PDMS nascent fibers; the air bath height is 15 to 20 mm, the propulsion speed is 15 to 30 ml / h, and the collection speed is 10 to 20 r / min; the coagulation bath is a high-temperature oil bath at 180 to 230°C, and the oil is dimethyl silicone oil.

4. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the PDMS spun fiber is placed in diluted isopropyl alcohol or anhydrous ethanol to remove the coagulation bath on the surface of the spun fiber to obtain the PDMS fiber; the mass fraction of the diluted isopropyl alcohol or anhydrous ethanol is 20 to 40 wt%; and the standing time is 20 to 30 minutes.

5. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the wrapping angle is 30° to 80°.

6. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the dispersion process is: room temperature ultrasonic dispersion, ultrasonic power is 740W to 780W, and ultrasonic time is 15 to 45 minutes; In step 4, the dissolution process is: stirring at room temperature for at least 12 hours, with a stirring speed of 300-500 rpm.

7. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, in the flame retardant solution, the mass fraction of APP is 25 wt% to 30 wt%, the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 25 wt% to 30 wt%, and the mass fraction of SEBS is 20 to 25 wt%.

8. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the coaxial wet spinning method is as follows: the stretchable conductive yarn is used as the core yarn, passed through the core layer of the coaxial needle, the flame retardant solution is placed in a syringe and pushed into the skin layer of the coaxial needle at a speed of 40 to 60 ml / h, and then passed through an anhydrous ethanol coagulation bath and collected at a speed of 5 to 15 r / min to form a primary skin-core composite fiber; In step 5, the time of placing in anhydrous ethanol is 4 to 8 hours.

9. The method for preparing a high-performance rope with flame retardant, waterproof, cut-resistant and self-powered health monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, in the two-dimensional weaving technology, the core-sheath composite fiber is wound on a fixed bobbin and given a pre-stretching force by a tension device; the PBO fiber is wound on a moving bobbin; during weaving, the moving bobbin rotates counterclockwise and clockwise.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein: In step 7, the aramid fiber core yarn is 1000-2000D, and the aramid fiber winding yarn is 200-600D.

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