Breakwater with embedded oscillating water column wave energy converter adapted to tidal variations

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of breakwater, in particular to a breakwater embedded with oscillating water column type wave power generation device adapting to tidal range change, comprising a breakwater body, a mounting groove is formed on the wave-approaching surface of the breakwater body, the mounting groove is multiple, and is arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, a driving system is arranged in the mounting groove, the driving system is connected with the oscillating water column type wave power generation device, and the oscillating water column type wave power generation device is driven to rise and fall in the vertical direction by the driving system. The oscillating water column type wave power generation device is embedded and mounted at intervals on the wave-approaching surface of the breakwater body, the height and the opening direction of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device are flexibly adjusted by the driving system, so that the tidal range change and the wave direction change of the service sea area are adapted and matched, the energy absorption and capture of the waves with different tidal levels and wave directions are realized in an efficient form on the basis of maintaining the berthing stability in the harbor, and the capture efficiency is maximized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of breakwater, in particular to a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column type wave power generation device adapting to tidal range changes. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important engineering structure for maintaining the berthing conditions of port operations, the breakwater is located at the periphery of the port water area, ensuring that the port has sufficient water depth and a stable water surface to meet the requirements of ships in port for berthing, loading and unloading operations, and navigation. With the continuous development of intelligent technology for wharfs, the corresponding loading and unloading operation technology is innovated, and the requirements for berthing conditions in the harbor basin continue to improve. How to improve the wave dissipation capacity of the breakwater has become a technical problem in the field of port engineering. In view of the demand for maintaining the berthing conditions in the harbor basin, the industry has proposed various solutions from different angles. Among them, the most representative technical measures are to integrate wave power generation devices into breakwater devices, to convert and absorb wave energy through wave power generation devices, to weaken the energy of the water body, and to enhance the effect of wave dissipation.

[0003] Integrating wave power generation devices into breakwaters can achieve the dual functions of wave absorption and coastal protection, while sharing costs, and has a promising development prospect. Patent CN108644057B discloses a breakwater with a double-chamber oscillating water column power generation device, which uses a double-chamber oscillating water column power generation device with high wave energy conversion efficiency to extract energy, block wave impact, and maintain the stability of the water surface in the harbor basin. Patent CN110184993A discloses a square box type floating breakwater with an oscillating water column type wave power generation device, which sets a water inlet on the wave-impinging surface of the square box type floating breakwater. Waves enter and exit the air chamber through the water inlet to achieve gas compression and expansion, complete energy absorption, and provide a stable water environment for the sea area. Patent CN117661502A discloses a wave energy utilization type transparent breakwater with wideband energy capture and wave dissipation, which is based on a transverse water channel structure and designed for resonance period complementation to achieve wideband wave energy capture and wideband wave protection performance, focusing on breaking through the problem of wave energy reduction for long-period waves by transparent breakwaters.

[0004] In summary, in view of the demand for maintaining the berthing conditions in the harbor basin, the above technical solutions all absorb wave energy by integrating wave power generation devices, thereby improving the wave dissipation capacity of the devices. However, for pile foundation type breakwater structures, the design structures in the above technical solutions are all fixed structures, and the wave power generation devices are difficult to adapt to periodic tidal changes, resulting in a loss of captured energy, a reduction in capture efficiency, and a further impact on power generation efficiency. Moreover, when the tidal level is at a lower or higher part of the time period, it may directly cause the wave power generation device to fail to function. SUMMARY

[0005] The invention aims at the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device which can adapt to the change of tidal range, and faces the demand for continuously improving the wave absorbing capacity of the breakwater and the berthing stability in the harbor, and adapts to the change of tidal level and the change of wave direction, etc.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

[0007] The breakwater embedded with the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device which can adapt to the change of tidal range comprises a breakwater body, the wave-approaching surface of the breakwater body is provided with a plurality of installation grooves which are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, a driving system is arranged in the installation grooves, the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device is connected to the driving system, and the driving system drives the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0008] Further, the upper end of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device is connected to the driving system through a connecting assembly, the driving system comprises a driving box arranged in the installation groove and a ball spline arranged vertically in the driving box, one end of the ball spline is connected to the upper end of the connecting assembly, the other end of the ball spline is connected to a lifting plate arranged in the driving box, and the lifting plate is connected to a linear transmission mechanism for driving the lifting plate to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0009] Further, the linear transmission mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder arranged vertically in the driving box, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting plate.

[0010] Further, one end of the lifting plate in the horizontal direction is connected to the ball spline, and the other end of the lifting plate in the horizontal direction is slidingly connected to the driving box in the vertical direction.

[0011] Further, the connecting assembly comprises a support connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device and a lifting column connected to the upper end of the support, the bottom of the driving box is a bottom plate, a through hole is formed in the bottom plate, the lifting column extends vertically into the driving box through the through hole and is connected to one end of the ball spline, and a limiting assembly for limiting the lifting column is arranged in the driving box.

[0012] Further, the limiting assembly comprises a sliding groove arranged on the bottom plate and extending along the circumferential direction of the through hole, one end of a limiting rod is slidingly connected in the sliding groove, a limiting hole for inserting the other end of the limiting rod is arranged on the lifting column, the limiting hole is multiple and is arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the driving box is provided with an inserting and extracting mechanism for driving the limiting rod to be extracted from the limiting hole and inserted into the limiting hole.

[0013] Further, the inserting and extracting mechanism comprises a permanent magnet arranged on the end of the limiting rod away from the lifting column, an electromagnet is arranged on the horizontal circumferential outer side of the permanent magnet, the electromagnet is arranged on the bottom plate, and the inserting and extracting mechanism further comprises a reset spring located in the through hole, one end of the reset spring is connected to the limiting rod, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the bottom plate.

[0014] Further, the air chamber front wall of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device is provided with a slot, the driving system comprises a motor arranged on the lifting plate for driving the ball spline, the connecting assembly and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device to rotate together, the output shaft of the motor is connected with one end of the ball spline, the end of the ball spline connected with the motor is rotatably connected with the lifting plate through a bearing, and a plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the circumferential direction of the lifting column.

[0015] Further, the sliding grooves are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the through hole, the number of the inserting and extracting mechanisms, the limiting rods and the sliding grooves is the same.

[0016] Further, the driving box is provided with a supporting plate, the ball spline is rotatably connected with the supporting plate through a bearing, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0018] The present application is characterized in that a plurality of oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are arranged at intervals on the wave-approaching surface of the breakwater body, and the height and the opening direction of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are flexibly adjusted by the driving system, which is very suitable for the change of tidal range and the direction of incoming waves in the service sea area, and can realize efficient energy absorption and capture of waves with different tidal levels and incoming wave directions on the basis of maintaining the berthing stability in the harbor, thereby maximizing the wave energy capture efficiency. In addition, the height and the opening direction of the adjusted oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are limited and fixed by the limiting assembly, which ensures the stability of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices during service, avoids the direct impact of waves on the driving system, and prolongs the service life of the driving system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present application is characterized in that a plurality of oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are arranged at intervals on the wave-approaching surface of the breakwater body, and the height and the opening direction of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are flexibly adjusted by the driving system, which is very suitable for the change of tidal range and the direction of incoming waves in the service sea area, and can realize efficient energy absorption and capture of waves with different tidal levels and incoming wave directions on the basis of maintaining the berthing stability in the harbor, thereby maximizing the wave energy capture efficiency. In addition, the height and the opening direction of the adjusted oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are limited and fixed by the limiting assembly, which ensures the stability of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices during service, avoids the direct impact of waves on the driving system, and prolongs the service life of the driving system.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the driving system and the oscillating water column wave power generation device in the application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the driving box in the application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is the front view of the driving system in the application (at this time the lifting column is at the highest position);

[0023] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The local enlarged view at A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate in the application;

[0025] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The local enlarged view at B in the middle.

[0026] In the drawings, the reference signs are:

[0027] 1, breakwater body; 11, mounting groove; 2, driving system; 21, driving box; 211, through hole; 212, bottom plate; 22, ball spline; 23, lifting plate; 24, connecting assembly; 241, support; 242, lifting column; 2421, limiting hole; 25, hydraulic cylinder; 251, piston rod; 26, limiting assembly; 261, limiting rod; 262, electromagnet; 263, return spring; 264, flange; 265, sliding groove; 266, permanent magnet; 27, motor; 28, first bearing seat; 29, second bearing seat; 20, support plate; 3, oscillating water column wave power generation device; 31, slotted; 32, air turbine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the personnel in the art better understand the scheme of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0030] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like, indicate directions or positions based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and thus cannot be construed as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus cannot be construed as limiting the present application.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number of technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0032] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figures 1 to 2 The embodiment provides a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column type wave power generation device adapting to tidal range change, which comprises a permeable breakwater body 1 extending in a horizontal direction, a plurality of installation grooves 11 are arranged on a wave-encountering surface (i.e. a front surface) of the breakwater body 1 and are spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction, a driving system 2 is arranged in each installation groove 11, an output end at a lower end of the driving system 2 is fixedly connected with an upper end of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 3, the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 3 is driven to ascend and descend in a vertical direction by the output end of the driving system 2, so that the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 3 can adapt to tidal range change, the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 3 is driven to rotate around the vertical direction by the output end of the driving system 2, so that the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 3 can adapt to change of a wave direction, i.e. the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 3 adapting to tidal range change and change of the wave direction is embedded and installed in the wave-encountering surface of the breakwater body 1.

[0033] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figures 2 to 5The driving system 2 comprises a driving box 21 fixedly installed in the installation groove 11, a ball spline 22, a lifting plate 23 and a linear transmission mechanism arranged in the driving box 21. Specifically, the ball spline 22 is vertically arranged in the driving box 21, the lower end of the ball spline 22 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a connecting assembly 24, the lower end of the connecting assembly 24 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3, the upper end of the ball spline 22 is connected with the front end of the lifting plate 23 (i.e. the front direction of the breakwater body 1), the rear end of the lifting plate 23 (i.e. the back direction of the breakwater body 1) is slidingly connected with the driving box 21 in the vertical direction, the lower end close to the middle of the lifting plate 23 is connected with the output end of the linear transmission mechanism, and the linear transmission mechanism is used to drive the lifting plate 23 to slide up and down in the vertical direction. Since the front end of the lifting plate 23 is connected with the upper end of the ball spline 22, the lower end of the ball spline 22 is connected with the upper end of the connecting assembly 24, and the lower end of the connecting assembly 24 is connected with the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3, when the output end of the linear transmission mechanism drives the lifting plate 23 to slide up and down, the ball spline 22, the connecting assembly 24 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 will be lifted together, so that the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 can adapt to the change of tidal range. Preferably, the linear transmission mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder 25 vertically fixedly arranged in the driving box 21, the end of the piston rod 251 of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lifting plate 23, the piston rod 251 is telescopic in the vertical direction, and drives the lifting plate 23 to slide up and down in the vertical direction. More specifically, the bottom of the driving box 21 is a bottom plate 212, a vertical through hole 211 is formed in the middle of the bottom plate 212, the connecting assembly 24 comprises a bracket 241 and a lifting column 242, wherein the diameter of the through hole 211 is larger than the outer diameter of the lifting column 242, the upper end of the lifting column 242 extends into the driving box 21 through the through hole 211 and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the ball spline 22, the lower end of the lifting column 242 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the bracket 241 outside the driving box 21, the lower end of the bracket 241 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3, and a limiting assembly 26 is arranged in the driving box 21 to limit the position of the lifting column 242. Further, counterweights or other components can be installed on the rear end of the lifting plate 23 to balance the gravity of the front and rear ends of the lifting plate 23, or the mounting point of the piston rod 251 on the lifting plate 23 can be adjusted to balance the torque, so as to ensure that the piston rod 251 can stably slide in the vertical direction when it is extended or retracted, and no jamming phenomenon occurs. Further, a set of linear transmission mechanisms can also be arranged on the symmetrical two sides of the bearing (ball spline 22), which can also ensure that the lifting plate 23 can stably slide in the vertical direction.

[0034] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to Figures 3 to 7The limiting assembly 26 comprises three sliding grooves 265 arranged on the bottom plate 212 and extending outward along the circumferential direction of the through hole 211 respectively, the three sliding grooves 265 are arranged at intervals of 120° along the circumferential direction of the lifting column 242 respectively, and the three limiting rods 261 are all arranged horizontally and connected with one sliding groove 265 respectively. The outer end of the limiting rod 261 is connected with the sliding groove 265, and the lifting column 242 is provided with limiting holes 2421 into which the inner end of the limiting rod 261 is inserted, the limiting holes 2421 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction respectively. Specifically, in the same horizontal direction, there are nine limiting holes 2421 arranged at intervals of 40° along the circumferential direction of the lifting column 242. Three pulling and inserting mechanisms are arranged in the drive box 21, and the inner end of the limiting rod 261 is pulled out of the limiting hole 2421 or inserted into the limiting hole 2421 by the pulling and inserting mechanism.

[0035] For the sake of convenience, please continue to refer to Figures 3 to 7, the extraction and insertion mechanism includes an electromagnet 262, a permanent magnet 266 and a reset spring 263 arranged transversely in the through hole 211. Specifically, the permanent magnet 266 is fixedly installed on the outer side end of the limiting rod 261 (i.e. the end away from the lifting column 242), and the electromagnet 262 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal outer side of the permanent magnet 266 along the through hole 211, that is, the axes of the electromagnet 262, the permanent magnet 266 and the reset spring 263 are all located on the axis of the limiting rod 261, and the sliding direction of the limiting rod 261 on the sliding groove 265 is the same as the axial direction of the limiting rod 261; the limiting rod 261 is provided with a flange 264 on the side close to the lifting column 242 (i.e. the side inserted into the limiting hole 2421 or the side away from the permanent magnet 266), one end of the reset spring 263 is fixedly connected to the flange 264, and the other end of the reset spring 263 is fixedly connected to the through hole 211 of the bottom plate 212. In the initial state, the electromagnet 262 is in a de-energized demagnetization state, the reset spring 263 is in a relaxed state, and one end of the limiting rod 261 is inserted into the limiting hole 2421, that is, the lifting column 242 is in a limiting state; when it is necessary to adjust the position of the lifting column 242, the electromagnet 262 is energized to magnetize, the permanent magnet 266 installed at the end of the limiting rod 261 is moved to the electromagnet 262 under the action of magnetic force, that is, the limiting rod 261 is slid to the electromagnet 262, that is, the limiting rod 261 slides away from the lifting column 242, the end of the limiting rod 261 is extracted from the limiting hole 2421 and separated, and at the same time, the flange 264 on the limiting rod 261 also moves with the limiting rod 261, so that the reset spring 263 is subjected to axial pressure and shrinks, at this time, the lifting plate 23, the ball spline 22, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 are driven to rise and fall together through the straight line transmission mechanism, so as to realize the function of adapting to the change of tidal range of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3; when the position adjustment of the lifting column 242 is completed and it is necessary to limit the lifting column 242, the electromagnet 262 is de-energized to demagnetize, the reset spring 263 resets after releasing the elastic potential energy, pushes the flange 264 close to the lifting column 242 to reset, and then drives the limiting rod 261 to slide horizontally to reset, that is, the end of the limiting rod 261 is inserted horizontally into the limiting hole 2421, so as to realize the limiting of the lifting plate 23, the ball spline 22, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3.

[0036] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figures 2 to 5The air chamber front wall (the wall facing the waves) of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is provided with a slot 31. The drive system 2 further comprises a motor 27 fixedly arranged above the front end of the lifting plate 23. The output shaft of the motor 27 is connected with the upper end of the ball spline 22 through a shaft coupling (or other transmission mechanism, which is not limited here) to realize the transmission of rotary motion. The upper end of the ball spline 22 is rotatably connected with the front end of the lifting plate 23 through a bearing arranged in the first bearing seat 28, and the first bearing seat 28 is fixedly connected with the front end of the lifting plate 23. When it is necessary to adjust the wave-facing surface of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3, first, the three limiting rods 261 are all pulled out of the corresponding limiting holes 2421 through the plug-in mechanism to cancel the limiting state of the lifting column 242; then the ball spline 22 is driven to rotate by a certain angle through the motor 27. Since the ball spline 22, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 always remain relatively fixed, when the ball spline 22 is driven to rotate by the motor 27, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 will also rotate together; finally, the three limiting rods 261 are all inserted into the corresponding limiting holes 2421 through the plug-in mechanism to realize the limiting of the lifting column 242, thereby realizing the steering adjustment of the wave-facing surface of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3.

[0037] Specifically, the ball spline 22 comprises a spline shaft and a spline nut (the spline nut can also be called an outer tube or a nut, etc.), and the spline shaft can move axially relative to the spline nut. A horizontal support plate 20 is fixedly arranged in the middle position inside the drive box 21. The spline nut is rotatably connected with the support plate 20 through a bearing arranged in the second bearing seat 29. The upper end of the spline shaft is rotatably connected with the front end of the lifting plate 23 through a bearing arranged in the first bearing seat 28. The lower end of the spline shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting column 242. The drive system 2 further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected with the components (including the hydraulic cylinder 25, the motor 27, the electromagnet 262, etc.) arranged in the breakwater body 1. The breakwater body 1 is provided with monitoring sensor elements for monitoring the changes of water level and the direction of incoming waves, or the controller is connected with the control center of the port to access and obtain real-time tide level information and incoming wave direction information, so as to flexibly adjust the height and orientation of the oscillating water column wave power generation device.

[0038] Method for using the application:

[0039] For the change of tidal range: in the initial state, the lifting column 242 is in the lowest position and in the limiting state, and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 corresponding to it is also in the lowest position. At this time, the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 can better capture the wave energy when the water level is at the lowest tide. As the water level rises from the lowest tide, the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 in the lowest position cannot better capture the wave energy. At this time, the controller drives all electromagnets 262 to be powered and magnetized, so that the ends of all limiting rods 261 are respectively horizontally slid out of the corresponding limiting holes 2421, canceling the limiting of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3. Then the controller drives the piston rod 251 of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to vertically extend upwards, pushes the lifting plate 23 to vertically slide upwards, drives the motor 27, the spline shaft, the lifting column 242, the support 241 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 to vertically move upwards together, until the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is in the better capturing position, and the limiting rod 261 and the limiting hole 2421 of the corresponding lifting column 242 are in the horizontal coaxial position, that is, the height lifting action of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is completed. Then the controller drives all electromagnets 262 to be powered and magnetized, so that all limiting rods 261 are horizontally inserted into the corresponding limiting holes 2421, realizing the limiting of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3. As the water level rises, the above steps are repeated in turn, and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is gradually lifted to the highest position. At this time, the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 can better capture the wave energy when the water level is at the highest tide.After the water level gradually decreases from the highest tidal level, the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 at the highest position cannot capture wave energy well. At this time, the controller drives all electromagnets 262 to be powered and magnetized, so that the ends of all limit rods 261 are respectively extracted from the corresponding limit holes 2421 and cancel the limitation of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3; then the controller drives the piston rod 251 of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to vertically retract downward, pulls the lifting plate 23 to vertically slide downward, drives the motor 27, the spline shaft, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 to vertically move downward together, until the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is in the optimal capture position, and the limit rod 261 and the corresponding limit hole 2421 of the lifting column 242 are in the horizontal coaxial position, that is, the height reduction action of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is completed; then the controller drives all electromagnets 262 to be powered and magnetized, so that all limit rods 261 are inserted into the corresponding limit holes 2421 to limit the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3; as the water level gradually decreases, the above steps are repeated in turn, and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is gradually lowered to the lowest position, so that the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 can capture wave energy in the optimal capture position during the tidal range change process, and the capture efficiency is maximized.

[0040] For the change of the wave direction: in the initial state, the opening direction of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is the front direction and is in the limiting state, at this time, the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 can preferably capture the wave energy perpendicular to the breakwater body 1, because the front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is provided with a slot 31, the opening direction of which is adapted to the wave direction, under the action of the wave, the water depth of the front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is small, and the water depth of the rear wall is large, that is, the wave energy can be efficiently captured, and converted into mechanical energy through the air turbine 32, and then converted into electrical energy. When the wave direction is inclined and the included angle between the wave direction and the front direction of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is greater than a certain angle, at this time, all electromagnets 262 are energized and magnetized by the controller to drive the end of all limiting rods 261 to be respectively horizontally slid out of the corresponding limiting hole 2421, canceling the limiting of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3; then the motor 27 is driven to rotate by the controller, driving the spline shaft to rotate by a certain angle, and then driving the lifting column 242, the bracket 241 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 to rotate by a certain angle, until the front direction of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is rotated to be close to the wave direction, and the limiting rod 261 and the limiting hole 2421 of the corresponding lifting column 242 are in the horizontal coaxial position, that is, the orientation rotation of the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 is completed; then all electromagnets 262 are de-energized and demagnetized by the controller, so that all limiting rods 261 are horizontally inserted into the corresponding limiting hole 2421, realizing the limiting of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3, and then realizing that the oscillating water column wave power generation device 3 always captures the wave energy in the best orientation during the change of the wave direction, and maximizes the capture efficiency. Because the breakwater body 1 has a large scale feature (one segment of the breakwater body 1 is shown in the drawing), the oscillating water column wave power generation device embedded at different positions may correspond to different wave directions, and the orientation of each oscillating water column wave power generation device can be independently controlled by the controller to realize efficient energy capture and maintain the berthing condition in the harbor.

[0041] Although the present application has been described by the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A breakwater with an embedded oscillating water column wave energy generation device adapted to tidal range changes, comprising a breakwater body (1), characterized in that, The breakwater body (1) has an installation groove (11) on its wave-facing surface. There are multiple installation grooves (11), which are spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction. A drive system (2) is installed in the installation groove (11). The drive system (2) is connected to an oscillating water column wave energy generator (3). The drive system (2) drives the oscillating water column wave energy generator (3) to move up and down in the vertical direction. The upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy generator (3) is connected to the drive system (2) through a connecting component (24). The drive system (2) includes a drive box (21) installed in the mounting slot (11) and a ball spline (22) vertically arranged in the drive box (21). One end of the ball spline (22) is connected to the upper end of the connecting component (24), and the other end of the ball spline (22) is connected to a lifting plate (23) arranged in the drive box (21). The lifting plate (23) is connected to a linear transmission mechanism for driving the lifting plate (23) to rise and fall in the vertical direction. The connecting component (24) includes a bracket (241) connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy generator (3) and a lifting column (242) connected to the upper end of the bracket (241). The bottom of the drive box (21) is a base plate (212), and a through hole (211) is provided on the base plate (212). The lifting column (242) extends vertically through the through hole (211) into the drive box (21) and is connected to one end of the ball spline (22). The drive box (21) is provided with a limiting component (26) for limiting the lifting column (242). The limiting component (26) includes a sliding groove (265) provided on the base plate (212) and extending circumferentially along the through hole (211). One end of the limiting rod (261) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (265). A limiting hole (2421) is provided on the lifting column (242) for inserting the other end of the limiting rod (261). There are multiple limiting holes (2421) and they are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The drive box (21) is provided with a pull-in mechanism for driving the limiting rod (261) to be pulled out from the limiting hole (2421) and driving the limiting rod (261) to be inserted into the limiting hole (2421).

2. The breakwater with an embedded oscillating water column wave energy generation device adapted to tidal range changes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linear transmission mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder (25) that is vertically fixed in the drive box (21), and the piston rod (251) of the hydraulic cylinder (25) is connected to the lifting plate (23).

3. The breakwater with an embedded oscillating water column wave energy generation device adapted to tidal range changes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting plate (23) is connected to the ball spline (22) at one end in the horizontal direction, and the other end in the horizontal direction is slidably connected to the drive box (21) in the vertical direction.

4. The breakwater with an embedded oscillating water column wave energy generation device adapted to tidal range changes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion and withdrawal mechanism includes a permanent magnet (266) disposed on the end of the limiting rod (261) away from the lifting column (242), and an electromagnet (262) disposed on the horizontal circumferential outer side of the permanent magnet (266) along the through hole (211). The electromagnet (262) is disposed on the base plate (212). The insertion and withdrawal mechanism also includes a return spring (263) located in the through hole (211). One end of the return spring is connected to the limiting rod (261), and the other end is connected to the base plate (212).

5. The breakwater with an embedded oscillating water column wave energy generation device adapted to tidal range changes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column wave energy generator (3) is provided with a slot (31). The drive system (2) includes a motor (27) mounted on the lifting plate (23) for driving the ball spline (22), the connecting component (24) and the oscillating water column wave energy generator (3) to rotate together. The output shaft of the motor (27) is connected to one end of the ball spline (22). The end of the ball spline (22) connected to the motor (27) is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (23) through a bearing. A plurality of limiting holes (2421) are provided in the circumferential direction corresponding to the lifting column (242).

6. The breakwater with an embedded adaptive tidal range oscillating water column wave energy generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple grooves (265) are provided at intervals around the through hole (211), and the number of insertion / removal mechanism, limiting rod (261) and groove (265) is the same.

7. The breakwater with an embedded oscillating water column wave energy generation device adapted to tidal range changes as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The drive box (21) is provided with a support plate (20), and the ball spline (22) is rotatably connected to the support plate (20) through a bearing. The hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixedly installed on the support plate (20).

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