Rapid and accurate installation method for large-section asymmetric steel reinforced column

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure construction methods, in particular to a rapid and accurate mounting method for a large-section asymmetric steel reinforced column, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, manufacturing the steel reinforced column and a bracket in a processing plant, firstly welding the steel reinforced column and the bracket by using a support frame on site, and then connecting an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate of the steel reinforced column through a pin shaft; a tower crane is used for slowly hoisting the steel reinforced column, a tie lifting lug is pre-buried in concrete in advance, a chain block and an upper section column are used for tie in the hoisting process, the steel reinforced column is prevented from overturning in the hoisting process, and hoisting and welding of the steel reinforced column are completed under the command of a specially-assigned person. According to the hoisting method, the problem that a large-tonnage truck crane cannot be used due to narrow field and working procedures is solved, various risks caused when the basement roof is pressed are solved, the hoisting steps are simplified, the installation difficulty is reduced, the construction cost is saved, safe, rapid and accurate hoisting of the steel reinforced column is achieved, and the installation period is greatly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel structure construction methods, and in particular to a method for quickly and accurately installing large-section, asymmetric steel column frames. Background Art

[0002] In the field of steel structure construction, steel components are generally hoisted and installed using truck cranes or tower cranes. For the installation of steel columns in steel-concrete structures, most steel column components are symmetrical. According to the actual conditions of each stage of construction, the traditional practice is to use truck cranes for hoisting at low levels and tower cranes for hoisting at high levels.

[0003] For large and heavy steel column components, when the construction height reaches a certain height, the limit of the on-site tower crane cannot meet the lifting requirements, and a large-tonnage truck crane is needed for lifting. Due to the construction process, the garage roof is often not backfilled, and the large-tonnage truck crane requires a large load-bearing capacity. For the lifting of asymmetric large-tonnage steel columns, a precise lifting plan or the cooperation of multiple truck cranes is required, and the standing range of the truck crane needs to be backed up. In addition, the cost of large-tonnage truck cranes is relatively high, which brings certain limitations to the use of large-tonnage truck cranes. Therefore, it is necessary to study a method for fast and accurate installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the numerous limitations of traditional hoisting methods when working with large, heavy steel columns, particularly under complex conditions such as high construction heights, confined sites, or unbackfilled basement roofs, the present invention provides a method for the rapid and precise installation of large-cross-section, asymmetric steel columns. This method utilizes prefabricated components in the factory, and a pivot system formed on-site using pivot connecting plates and pins converts vertical hoisting into axial rotation, simplifying the hoisting process. A combination of fall chains and jacks assists in ensuring stability and verticality during the hoisting process, reducing installation difficulty. Positioning plates are provided for precise positioning, improving installation accuracy. This method effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional hoisting, enabling safe, rapid, and precise installation of steel columns while reducing costs and shortening construction time.

[0005] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for quickly and accurately installing large-section, asymmetric steel frame columns, first prefabricating the upper column, lower column and bracket in the factory, and then installing and fixing the lower column on site, and further comprising the following steps: Step 1: Welding the lifting lug C of the fall chain: Weld the lifting lug C on the concrete base surface of the floor. The lifting lug C is used to control the rotation balance of the upper column through the fall chain; Step 2: Welding the shaft connecting plate: Weld the shaft connecting plate at the designated positions of the lower column and the upper column; Step 3: Welding the upper column and the corbel: Place a set of brackets on the concrete base of the floor and level them. Place the upper column horizontally on the brackets with the corbel connection facing upwards. Use a tower crane to lift the corbel to the connection position, temporarily fix it, and weld it to form the asymmetric component required by the design. Step 4: Connect the shaft connecting plate: Use the tower crane to slowly lift the upper column, so that the pin hole positions of the upper column and the lower column match, and insert the pin into the pin hole to form the steel column shaft system; Step 5: Tighten the fall chain: Use the tower crane to slowly lift the upper column to 30 degrees. At this time, use the jack to temporarily lift it up. Then connect the fall chain to the upper column lug a and the lug c on the concrete base surface and tighten it. Step 6: Lift the upper column: Use the tower crane to lift the column slowly and continuously, while keeping the fall chain taut. Lift the upper column slowly through the pin to ensure that the upper column can rotate axially safely and stably. Step 7: Positioning with the positioning plate: Stop hoisting immediately after the upper column is hoisted to 90 degrees, and then use the positioning plate to ensure that the elevation and position of the welding seam between the upper column and the lower column are accurate; Step 8. Precise adjustment of the upper column: Use the fall chain and jack to precisely adjust the verticality of the upper column.

[0006] Furthermore, a lifting lug a and a lifting lug b are welded on both sides of the upper end of the upper section column. The lifting lug a is used to cooperate with the fall chain action, and the lifting lug b is used to connect with the lifting rope of the tower crane.

[0007] Furthermore, a lower connecting plate of the rotating shaft is welded to the inner side of the upper end of the lower column, and an upper connecting plate of the rotating shaft is welded to the inner side of the lower end of the upper column. The upper connecting plate of the rotating shaft and the lower connecting plate of the rotating shaft are connected by a pin.

[0008] Furthermore, in the step 1, a lifting ear embedded part is pre-embedded on the concrete base surface at a position away from the lower column section, and the lifting ear C is welded to the lifting ear embedded part.

[0009] Furthermore, the bracket is welded into a frame structure by transverse I-beams, longitudinal I-beams and vertical I-beams.

[0010] Furthermore, a set of positioning plates are welded to the outer side of the upper column. The positioning plates are welded to the outer root of the upper column and are used to control the position of the upper column after it stands up 90 degrees.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper connecting plate of the rotating shaft and the lower connecting plate of the rotating shaft are both reinforced by stiffening plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the fall chain is tightened along with the rotation angle of the upper section column and is kept in a tightened state.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention adopts the mode of "factory prefabrication + on-site assembly", the welding of the upper column and the bracket is completed on the ground bracket, and with the help of structural force calculation and BIM model, a rotating shaft connecting plate is set on the upper column and the lower column. For on-site docking, it is only necessary to connect the upper and lower connecting plates with pins, and no precise leveling is required. The design of the rotating shaft connecting plate and the pin realizes the rapid docking of the upper and lower columns, eliminating the steps of repeatedly adjusting the axis alignment in traditional hoisting, and greatly reducing the docking time of the hoisting process; in the lifting process, the law of conservation of energy is used to convert the "vertical lifting" of the heavy weight component into "axial rotation" through the rotating shaft system, and the rotating shaft system uses the pin to lift the upper column The lifting is converted into axial rotation, which reduces the requirements for the lifting capacity of the tower crane and reduces the adjustment time and labor costs during the lifting process; combined with the assistance of the fall chain and the jack, the stability and verticality of the upper column during the lifting process are ensured, and the tension of the fall chain and the jack's jacking force can effectively offset the eccentric torque of the asymmetric component, so that the upper column remains stable during rotation, preventing the steel column from overturning during the lifting process, and reducing the difficulty of installation; a positioning plate is set on the outside of the upper column, and when the upper column is from horizontal to vertical 90°, the upper column can be quickly and accurately placed in the designed position, and then the final precise positioning is carried out with the help of the jack and the vertical and horizontal fall chains, so that the axis and elevation meet the design requirements.

[0014] This lifting method overcomes the problem of the limited site space and the inability to use large-tonnage truck cranes due to process reasons, solves the various risks caused by the pressure on the basement roof, simplifies the lifting steps, reduces the installation difficulty, saves construction costs, and realizes the safe, fast and accurate lifting of steel columns, greatly shortening the installation period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a rotating system structure for implementing the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the temporary support of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the steel column lifting process of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the steel column of the present invention completing a 90° hoisting operation; Figure 5 It is a construction flow chart of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Lower connecting plate of rotating shaft; 2. Upper connecting plate of rotating shaft; 3. Pin; 4. Reinforced plate a; 5. Reinforced plate b; 6. Reinforced plate c; 7. Reinforced plate d; 8. Falling chain; 9. Lifting lug a; 10. Lifting lug b; 11. Lifting lug c; 12. Horizontal I-beam; 13. Longitudinal I-beam; 14. Vertical I-beam; 15. Reinforced plate e; 16. Lifting rope; 17. Concrete base surface; 18. Upper column; 19. Lower column; 20. Corbel; 21. Lifting lug embedded parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0018] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution for a method for quickly and accurately installing large-section, asymmetric steel columns. This solution achieves safe, fast and accurate installation of steel columns through the steps of prefabricating components in the factory and installing and adjusting them on site. Example

[0019] according to Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a lower column 19, an upper column 18, a tower crane, a bracket, a bracket 20, and a fall chain 8. The upper column 18, lower column 19, and bracket 20 are prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the site. First, the lower column 19 is installed and fixed on site. The lifting lugs a9 and b10 are welded on both sides of the upper end of the upper column 18. The lifting lug a9 is used to cooperate with the movement of the fall chain 8, and the lifting lug b10 is used to connect to the lifting rope 16 of the tower crane. A rotating shaft connecting plate is welded to the upper section column 18 and the lower section column 19 respectively, a rotating shaft lower connecting plate 1 is welded to the inner side of the upper end of the lower section column 19, and a rotating shaft upper connecting plate 2 is welded to the inner side of the lower end of the upper section column 18. The back side of the rotating shaft lower connecting plate 1 is supported and reinforced by two stiffening plates a4, and the rotating shaft upper connecting plate 2 is supported and reinforced by stiffening plates a4, stiffening plates b5 and stiffening plates c6. The rotating shaft lower connecting plate 1 and the rotating shaft upper connecting plate 2 are connected by a pin 3. After the pin holes of the rotating shaft upper connecting plate 2 and the rotating shaft lower connecting plate 1 are aligned, the two are connected together by the pin 3, thereby forming a steel column rotating shaft system between the upper section column 18 and the lower section column 19. A lifting ear embedded part 21 is pre-embedded on the concrete base surface 17 at a position away from the lower column 19. The lifting ear embedded part 21 is set in the direction before the upper column 18 is lifted. A lifting ear c11 is welded on the lifting ear embedded part 21, and the lifting ear a9 and the lifting ear b10 are connected by a fall chain 8. The use of the fall chain 8 here can stabilize the component.

[0020] The main construction steps of the method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel column of the present invention include: Pre-processing: The upper section column 18, the lower section column 19 and the corbel 20 are pre-processed in the factory to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of each component meets the design requirements.

[0021] Step 1: Weld the lifting lug C11 for the fall chain 8: Weld the lifting lug C11 onto the concrete base surface 17 of the floor. The lifting lug C11 is used to control the rotational balance of the upper column 18 through the fall chain 8. Specifically, during the pouring of the concrete base surface 17, a 20mm thick lifting lug embedded part 21 is pre-embedded in the concrete base surface 17, away from the installation location of the lower column 19. After the concrete strength reaches 80% of the design strength, the lifting lug C11 (30mm thick, made of Q355B) is welded to the lifting lug embedded part 21. The position of the lifting lug embedded part 21 is determined based on the actual site conditions and the height of the upper and lower columns 18, 19, to facilitate the auxiliary tensioning of the fall chain 8. The lifting lug c11 serves as a fixed fulcrum for the fall chain 8 and can withstand the horizontal tension during the rotation of the upper column 18, avoiding direct welding on the concrete surface that may cause cracking of the base layer. In addition, the rigid connection between the lifting lug c and the embedded parts can provide a stable restraining force, ensuring that the fall chain 8 effectively controls the rotational balance of the upper column 18 when in a tensioned state, preventing the asymmetric component from overturning due to the shift of the center of gravity.

[0022] Step 2: Weld the shaft connecting plate: weld the shaft connecting plate at the designated position of the lower column 19 and the upper column 18, weld the lower shaft connecting plate 1 on the inner side of the upper end of the lower column 19, and weld the upper shaft connecting plate 2 on the inner side of the lower end of the upper column 18. The shaft connecting plate is made of 40mm thick steel plate, and a stiffening plate is welded on the shaft connecting plate. The stiffening plate disperses the bending moment and shear force borne by the shaft connecting plate through a triangular stable structure to avoid plastic deformation of the connecting plate during rotation. The reinforced shaft connecting plate can withstand The axial force is less than 500kN, which meets the rotational force requirements of large-section steel columns (weighing about 20t); both connecting plates are provided with pin holes with a diameter of 40mm, and the hole position deviation is controlled within ±1mm to ensure the smooth insertion of the pin 3. The upper connecting plate 2 of the rotating shaft and the lower connecting plate 1 of the rotating shaft are connected by the pin 3. The clearance fit between the pin 3 and the hole (clearance 0.5mm) can realize smooth rotation, so that the upper section column 18 and the lower section column 19 form a rotating shaft system of the steel column that is convenient for quick docking and installation.

[0023] Step 3: Welding the upper column 18 to the corbel 20: Place a set of brackets on the concrete base surface 17 of the floor and level them. Place the upper column 18 horizontally on the brackets with the corbel 20 connection surface facing upwards. Figure 2As shown, the lattice frame structure is welded together from transverse I-beams 12, longitudinal I-beams 13, and vertical I-beams 14. The lattice structure of the bracket, through the combination of I-beams, forms a rigid support system that can withstand the lateral load of the upper column 18 (weighting 15 tons), providing a stable support platform for the upper column 18. The leveled bracket ensures that the welding surface between the upper column 18 and the corbel 20 is level, reducing dimensional deviation after welding and ensuring precise welding of the upper column 18 and the corbel 20, laying the foundation for subsequent lifting operations. The corbel 20 is then hoisted to the connection position using a tower crane, temporarily fixed, and welded to form the asymmetric component required by the design. Precise welding processes ensure the strength and stability of the connection between the upper column 18 and the corbel 20.

[0024] Step 4, connection of the rotating shaft connecting plate: Use the tower crane lifting rope 16 to slowly lift the upper column 18, so that the pin hole positions of the upper column 18 and the lower column 19 match, and insert the pin 3 into the pin hole to form a steel column rotating shaft system. The pin 3 has a diameter of 40mm and is made of Q335B. By utilizing the structure of the rotating shaft connecting plate on the upper column 18 and the lower column 19, the connection between the two is achieved through the pin 3, thereby achieving rapid docking of the upper column 18 and the lower column 19, reducing the adjustment time during the lifting process. In addition, the design of the rotating shaft connecting plate and the pin 3 utilizes the law of conservation of energy. By arranging the rotating shaft connecting plate and the pin 3 between the upper and lower columns 19, the process that originally required overall vertical lifting is converted into an axial rotation centered on the pin 3, which greatly reduces the required lifting force.

[0025] Step five, tighten the fall chain 8: Use the tower crane lifting rope 16 to slowly lift the upper column 18 to 30 degrees, then use the jack for temporary jacking, then connect one end of the fall chain 8 (rated tension 10t) to the lifting lug a9 of the upper column 18, and the other end to the lifting lug c11, and slowly tighten the fall chain 8 to make the chain tension reach the state of "no obvious looseness when the chain is pulled by hand" (tension of about 5kN); during the lifting and rotation of the upper column 18, the fall chain 8 is tightened according to the rotation angle of the upper column 18, and always keeps a slightly tightened state, so that the fall chain 8 is used to pull the upper column 18 during the lifting process. The pre-tensioned state of the fall chain 8 can offset the eccentric torque of the asymmetric component, so that the upper column 18 remains stable in the initial stage of rotation, thereby ensuring that the upper column 18 remains stable during the lifting process and preventing the steel column from overturning during rotation. With the assistance of the fall chain 8 and the jack, the stability and verticality of the upper column 18 during the lifting process are ensured, reducing the difficulty of installation.

[0026] Step 6: Lift the upper column 18: Figure 3As shown, the tower crane hoist rope 16 is used for continuous and slow lifting, slowly increasing at a speed of 0.5 m / min. Simultaneously, a dedicated operator operates the fall chain 8, tightening it synchronously with the rotation of the upper column 18 to keep it taut. The upper column 18 pivots axially around the lower column 19 through the hinged action of the pin 3. During this rotation, two observers monitor the deformation of the shaft connecting plate and the verticality of the component to ensure safe and stable axial rotation of the upper column 18. This process utilizes the law of conservation of energy, significantly simplifying the lifting process by using less energy to rotate the heavy steel structure.

[0027] Step 7: Precisely adjust the upper column 18: When the upper column 18 reaches a 90° angle, immediately stop lifting. Then, use the fall chain 8 and the jack to precisely adjust the verticality of the upper column 18. The tension of the fall chain 8 and the jack's thrust ensure that the verticality of the upper column 18 meets the design requirements. This precise adjustment ensures the installation accuracy of the steel column and improves construction quality.

[0028] The present invention prefabricates the upper column 18, the lower column 19, and the bracket 20 in the factory, and forms a rotating shaft system using a rotating shaft connecting plate and a pin shaft 3, thereby achieving rapid docking of the steel column. With the assistance of a fall chain 8 and a jack, the stability and verticality of the upper column 18 during the lifting process are ensured. This method utilizes the law of conservation of energy and converts the vertical lifting of heavy steel components into axial rotation through a rotating shaft system, thereby achieving the installation of heavy steel structures with small energy, greatly simplifying the lifting steps. Through this method, the problems of small on-site space and the inability to use large-tonnage truck cranes are overcome, the load-bearing problem of the basement roof is solved, the lifting steps are simplified, the installation difficulty and cost are reduced, and the safe, fast, and accurate lifting of steel columns is achieved. Example

[0029] Based on the first embodiment, a set of positioning plates are welded to the outside of the upper column 18. These positioning plates are welded to the base of the outer side of the upper column 18 and are used to control the position of the upper column 18 after it is raised 90°. After the upper column 18 is lifted to 90°, the lifting is immediately stopped. At this time, the positioning plates at the base of the outer side of the upper column 18 contact the stop blocks on the top surface of the lower column 19. Initial positioning is achieved through mechanical limiters, ensuring accurate elevation and position of the weld seam between the upper and lower columns 18, 19. Precise control of the positioning plates ensures accurate weld seam position between the upper and lower columns 18, 19, improving installation accuracy.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly and accurately installing a large-section, asymmetric steel column, wherein the upper column (18), the lower column (19) and the corbel (20) are prefabricated in a factory, and the lower column (19) is first installed and fixed on site, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Step 1, welding the fall chain tie lug c (11): welding the lug c (11) on the floor concrete base surface (17), wherein the lug c (11) is used to control the rotation balance of the upper column (18) through the fall chain (8); Step 2: Welding the shaft connecting plate: Welding the shaft connecting plate at designated positions of the lower column (19) and the upper column (18); Step 3, welding the upper column (18) and the corbel (20): Place a set of brackets on the concrete base surface (17) of the floor and level them, place the upper column (18) horizontally on the brackets so that the connection surface of the corbel (20) faces upward; use a tower crane to lift the corbel (20) to the connection position, temporarily fix it, and weld it to form an asymmetric component as required by the design; Step 4, connecting the rotating shaft connecting plate: using the tower crane lifting rope (16) to slowly lift the upper column (18), so that the pin hole positions of the upper column (18) and the lower column (19) match, and inserting the pin shaft (3) into the pin hole to form a steel column rotating shaft system; Step 5, tighten the fall chain: Use the tower crane lifting rope (16) to slowly lift the upper column (18) to 30 degrees, then use the jack to temporarily lift it, and then connect the fall chain (8) to the lug a (9) of the upper column (18) and the lug c (11) on the concrete base surface (17), and tighten it; Step 6, hoisting the upper column: using the tower crane hoisting rope (16) to hoist the column continuously and slowly, while keeping the fall chain (8) in a taut state, hoist the upper column (18) slowly through the pin (3) to ensure that the upper column (18) can rotate axially safely and stably; Step 7, positioning plate positioning: stop lifting immediately after the upper column (18) is lifted to 90 degrees, and then rely on the positioning plate to make the welding seam elevation and position of the upper column (18) and the lower column (19) accurate; Step 8: Precise adjustment of the upper column: Use the fall chain (8) and the jack to precisely adjust the verticality of the upper column (18).

2. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting lug a (9) and a lifting lug b (10) are welded on both sides of the upper end of the upper section column (18), the lifting lug a (9) is used to cooperate with the action of the fall chain (8), and the lifting lug b (10) is used to connect with the lifting rope (16) of the tower crane.

3. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lower shaft connecting plate (1) is welded to the inner side of the upper end of the lower section column (19), and an upper shaft connecting plate (2) is welded to the inner side of the lower end of the upper section column (18). The upper shaft connecting plate (2) and the lower shaft connecting plate (1) are connected via a pin (3).

4. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, a lifting lug embedded part (21) is pre-buried on the concrete base surface (17) at a position away from the lower section column (19), the lifting lug c (11) is welded to the lifting lug embedded part (21), and the fall chain (8) is connected between the lifting lug a (9) and the lifting lug c (11).

5. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is welded into a frame structure by horizontal I-beams (12), longitudinal I-beams (13) and vertical I-beams (14).

6. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of positioning plates are welded to the outer side of the upper column (18), and the positioning plates are welded to the outer root of the upper column (18) and are used to control the position of the upper column (18) after standing up 90 degrees.

7. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper connecting plate (2) of the rotating shaft and the lower connecting plate (1) of the rotating shaft are both reinforced by stiffening plates.

8. A method for rapid and precise installation of large-section, asymmetric steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fall chain (8) is tightened according to the rotation angle of the upper section column (18) and is kept in a tightened state.

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