Mechanical-hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism and mechanical-hydraulic semi-automatic transmission

Abstract

The mechanical-hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism comprises an input shaft and an output shaft, power is transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft through a one-way clutch, a hydraulic pump transmission driving gear (011) is installed on the output shaft, and a hydraulic pump (07) and a hydraulic motor (08) are arranged on the side face of the output shaft. A hydraulic pump transmission driving gear (011) is constantly meshed with a variable hydraulic pump transmission driven gear (05) on a hydraulic pump power input shaft (06), and a hydraulic motor output shaft (09) serves as a second output shaft of the hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism. Due to the infinitely variable speed and dynamic braking characteristics of hydraulic transmission, a vehicle matched with a mechanical-hydraulic semi-automatic transmission can stably start without stepping on a clutch under various different road conditions, so that the driving operation difficulty of the vehicle is reduced, and the service life of the vehicle is prolonged. The driving safety and the driving comfort of the vehicle are improved, and the advantages of hydraulic transmission are fully exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transmission mechanism, in particular to a transmission structure of an automobile transmission. Background Art

[0002] It's well known that all gasoline-powered vehicles require a transmission, typically a variety of manual and automatic transmissions. Manual transmissions offer numerous advantages, including simple structure, low cost, easy maintenance, and high transmission efficiency. However, they also have drawbacks, such as high starting and shifting skills (requiring the clutch to be engaged for each shift), prone to clutch wear, and poor ride comfort. Automatic transmissions offer smooth starting, automatic shifting, and improved ride comfort, but compared to manual transmissions, they suffer from higher costs, more complex structures, more difficult maintenance, and relatively poor fuel economy.

[0003] Hydraulic continuously variable transmissions are widely used in the transmission systems of loaders, excavators, and various agricultural machinery. Their unique features, such as continuously variable speed and dynamic braking to prevent slippage on slopes, make them irreplaceable in the transmission systems of these various machines. However, their relatively low transmission efficiency, a drawback that is directly hindering their widespread adoption and application in automotive transmission systems, is driven by increasingly stringent energy-saving and environmental requirements for fuel-powered vehicles.

[0004] Therefore, if we can make the best use of the advantages and avoid the disadvantages, and invent an automotive hydraulic semi-automatic transmission that can fully utilize the inherent advantages of hydraulic continuously variable transmission and traditional manual transmission and avoid their original shortcomings, it should be of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem that a clutch needs to be depressed when shifting gears in a manual transmission and provides a manual transmission front input structure that combines a one-way clutch with a hydraulic pump-motor.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A two-dimensional hydraulic transmission mechanism includes an input shaft and an output shaft. Power is transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft through a one-way clutch. A hydraulic pump transmission driving tooth 011 is installed on the output shaft. A hydraulic pump 07 and a hydraulic motor 08 are set on the side of the output shaft. The hydraulic pump transmission driving tooth 011 is constantly engaged with the variable hydraulic pump transmission driven tooth 05 on the hydraulic pump power input shaft 06. The hydraulic motor output shaft 09 serves as the second output shaft of this two-dimensional hydraulic transmission mechanism.

[0008] The input shaft is the engine power input shaft 01, and the output shaft serves as the input shaft of the transmission.

[0009] The input shaft is connected to the active part 014 of the one-way clutch 013, and the output shaft is connected to the driven part 02 of the one-way clutch 013. The one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 is installed on the output shaft, and the one-way clutch locking engagement teeth 012 are installed on the active part 014 of the one-way clutch 013. The one-way clutch locking gear ring 04 mounted on the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 only cooperates with the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 in the unlocked state, and cooperates with the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 and the one-way clutch locking engagement teeth 012 at the same time in the locked state.

[0010] The hydraulic pump 07 is a variable displacement hydraulic pump.

[0011] The output shaft of the mechanical-hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 09 serve as the power input of the manual transmission 015. The output shaft of the two-dimensional transmission mechanism is connected to the input shaft of the manual transmission 015. The first gear and reverse gear of the manual transmission 015 are driven by the torque generated by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic motor 08.

[0012] The front end of the transmission input shaft 2 is connected to the engine power input shaft 19 through a one-way clutch 16. A hydraulic pump driving gear 1 is installed on the transmission input shaft 2. The hydraulic pump driving gear 1 is engaged with the hydraulic pump driven gear 10. The hydraulic pump driven gear 10 is installed on the variable hydraulic pump shaft 20 of the variable hydraulic pump 14. The variable hydraulic pump 14 is connected to the hydraulic motor 08. The hydraulic motor shaft 21 of the hydraulic motor 08 and the intermediate shaft of the manual transmission 015 are connected as a whole.

[0013] A hydraulically driven first gear driving gear 11 and a hydraulically driven reverse gear driving gear 12 are installed on the hydraulic motor shaft 21. The hydraulically driven first gear driving gear 11 is engaged with the manual transmission first gear driven gear 030 on the intermediate shaft of the manual transmission 015, and the hydraulically driven reverse gear driving gear 12 is engaged with the manual transmission reverse gear driven gear 031.

[0014] The front end of the transmission input shaft 2 is connected to the one-way clutch driven member 18, the one-way clutch active member 17 is connected to the engine power input shaft 19, the one-way clutch active member 17 is provided with a locking engagement tooth 6, the transmission input shaft 2 is provided with a locking gear hub 15, and the locking gear hub 15 is installed on the one-way clutch locking gear sleeve 8. The one-way clutch locking gear sleeve 8 is driven by the shift fork 4. When the one-way clutch locking gear sleeve 8 is only combined with the locking gear hub 15, the one-way clutch 16 is unlocked and has a one-way transmission function. When the one-way clutch locking gear sleeve 8 is simultaneously combined with the locking gear hub 15 and the locking engagement tooth 6, the one-way clutch 16 is locked.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] 1. The one-way clutch and hydraulic pump-motor are combined into a machine-hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism, the input torque is split into two paths after passing through the one-way clutch, one of which drives the hydraulic variable pump to generate adjustable hydraulic flow to realize stepless speed change, and the other is the power output of the one-way transmission.

[0017] 2. Due to the stepless speed change and dynamic braking characteristics of hydraulic transmission itself, vehicles matched with machine-hydraulic semi-automatic transmission can no longer need to step on the clutch under various road conditions, and can achieve smooth starting and no backward sliding on slopes, thereby reducing the driving operation difficulty of the vehicle, improving the driving safety and riding comfort of the vehicle, and making the advantages of hydraulic transmission be fully utilized. In addition, since the first gear and the reverse gear are used very rarely and for a very short time during the entire driving process of the vehicle, the influence of low hydraulic transmission efficiency on the fuel economy of the vehicle is very slight.

[0018] 3. In addition to the vehicle no longer needing to use the clutch when starting, due to the use of the one-way clutch (17), the clutch is also no longer needed during the entire driving process of the vehicle, whether it is gear increasing or gear decreasing.

[0019] 4. When the vehicle is downhill, if the friction work of the engine is needed to assist braking to control the vehicle speed, only the one-way clutch locking ring needs to be moved to engage with the one-way clutch locking engagement tooth, so that the one-way transmission mechanism can be locked, thereby fully meeting the relevant traffic regulations.

[0020] 5. The present application is suitable for all micro trucks, light trucks, medium trucks, heavy trucks and passenger cars that use internal combustion engines and match traditional manual transmissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural principle diagram of machine-hydraulic semi-automatic transmission.

[0022] Figure 2 It is an existing three-shaft type manual transmission assembly diagram.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the existing three-shaft type manual transmission.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the machine-hydraulic semi-automatic transmission of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the machine-hydraulic semi-automatic transmission of the present application (rotated view angle).

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the improved input shaft of the transmission (the lower part of the figure is the original input shaft, and the upper part is the improved input shaft).

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic motor shaft.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a hydraulic semi-automatic transmission.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the hydraulic semi-automatic transmission assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] A two-dimensional hydraulic transmission mechanism includes an input shaft and an output shaft, wherein power is transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft via a one-way clutch. A hydraulic pump transmission driving gear 011 is installed on the output shaft, and a hydraulic pump 07 and a hydraulic motor 08 are arranged on the side of the output shaft. The hydraulic pump transmission driving gear 011 is constantly meshed with the variable hydraulic pump transmission driven gear 05 on the hydraulic pump power input shaft 06. The hydraulic motor output shaft 09 serves as the second output shaft of the two-dimensional hydraulic transmission mechanism. The hydraulic pump 07 is a variable hydraulic pump.

[0032] The input shaft is connected to the active part 014 of the one-way clutch 013, and the output shaft is connected to the driven part 02 of the one-way clutch 013. The one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 is installed on the output shaft, and the one-way clutch locking engagement teeth 012 are installed on the active part 014 of the one-way clutch 013. The one-way clutch locking gear ring 04 mounted on the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 only cooperates with the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 in the unlocked state. In the locked state, the one-way clutch locking gear ring 04 cooperates with the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 and the one-way clutch locking engagement teeth 012 at the same time.

[0033] The input shaft is the engine power input shaft 01, and the output shaft serves as the input shaft of the transmission.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] The transmission principle of the hydraulic semi-automatic transmission is as follows Figure 1 The diagram shows a two-dimensional mechanical and hydraulic transmission mechanism 00 within the dashed box and a conventional manual transmission 015 within the solid box. The two-dimensional mechanical and hydraulic transmission mechanism 00 has a single mechanical power input (engine power) and two power outputs (hydraulic and mechanical). The manual transmission 015 has two power inputs (hydraulic and mechanical) and a single mechanical power output.

[0036] The specific structure includes engine power input shaft 01, one-way clutch driven part 02, one-way clutch locking gear hub 03, one-way clutch locking gear ring 04, hydraulic pump transmission driven gear 05, hydraulic pump power input shaft 06, hydraulic pump 07, hydraulic motor 08, hydraulic motor output shaft 09, manual transmission input shaft 010, hydraulic pump transmission driving gear 011, one-way clutch locking engagement gear 012, one-way clutch 013, one-way clutch driving part 014, and manual transmission 015.

[0037] One-way clutch active element 014 is connected to the engine power input shaft 01. When the one-way clutch is unlocked, engine power input to the two-dimensional hydraulic transmission mechanism 00 is transmitted via one-way clutch active element 014 to one-way clutch 013, and then via one-way clutch driven element 02 to the manual transmission input shaft 010. This power is then transmitted to the manual transmission 015. The hydraulic pump drive gear 011 mounted on the manual transmission input shaft 010 meshes with the hydraulic pump drive gear 05 mounted on the hydraulic pump power input shaft 06, driving the hydraulic pump 07 to generate hydraulic pressure. This hydraulic pressure drives the hydraulic motor 08 to rotate, generating mechanical torque that is transmitted via the hydraulic motor output shaft 09 to the manual transmission 015.

[0038] When the one-way clutch is locked, engine power input into the hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism 00 is transmitted via the one-way clutch locking engagement teeth 012 to the one-way clutch locking ring gear 04, and then via the one-way clutch locking gear hub 03 to the manual transmission input shaft 010. This power is then transmitted to the manual transmission 015, where the hydraulic pump drive gear 011 mounted on the manual transmission input shaft 010 engages with the hydraulic pump drive driven gear 05 mounted on the hydraulic pump power input shaft 06, driving the hydraulic pump 07 to generate hydraulic pressure. This hydraulic pressure drives the hydraulic motor 08 to rotate, and the generated mechanical torque is transmitted to the manual transmission 015 via the hydraulic motor output shaft 09.

[0039] Example 3:

[0040] Figure 2 This is the largest three-axis manual transmission assembly for mini-cars in China. The present invention is specifically implemented in this three-axis manual transmission assembly. The mechanical and hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism 00 of the present invention is installed in the newly added two-dimensional mechanical and hydraulic housing 28, located between the transmission housing 022 and the transmission front housing 021. Figure 8 、 Figure 9 The original transmission itself only needs to change the transmission input shaft 026, the transmission housing 022 and the transmission front housing 021. All other original parts do not need to be modified.

[0041] As shown in the figure: the redesigned transmission input shaft 2 has no first gear and reverse gear driving teeth, the spline at the right front end of the shaft is connected with the one-way clutch driven part 18, the one-way clutch locking tooth hub 03 and the hydraulic pump driving teeth 1 are both installed on the transmission input shaft 2; the hydraulic drive first gear driving teeth 11 and the hydraulic drive reverse gear driving teeth 12 are respectively machined on the hydraulic motor shaft 21, the hydraulic drive first gear driving teeth 11 and the hydraulic drive reverse gear driving teeth 12 are respectively engaged with the manual transmission first gear driven teeth 030 and the manual transmission reverse gear driven teeth 031 in the manual transmission 15, so as to realize the hydraulic stepless variable speed transmission of the first gear and the reverse gear of the vehicle.

[0042] The redesigned transmission input shaft 2 is Figure 5 The rest of the parts remain unchanged, the same as the same parts of the original transmission input shaft 026, this kind of innovation can make the vehicle running in the whole process, except the first gear and the reverse gear, all other gears can be driven by high efficiency gear transmission.

[0043] The structure of the machine hydraulic semi-automatic transmission is shown in the figure Figures 4-5 The structure of the machine hydraulic semi-automatic transmission is shown in the figure, including the reverse gear shifting teeth 031, the hydraulic pump driving teeth 1, the transmission input shaft 2, the shifting block 3, the shifting fork 4, the shifting fork shaft 5, the locking engagement teeth 6, the engine power input shaft 7, the one-way clutch locking tooth sleeve 8, the hydraulic pump flow adjustment base 9, the hydraulic pump driven teeth 10, the hydraulic drive first gear driving teeth 11, the manual transmission first gear driven teeth 030, the manual transmission reverse gear driven teeth 032, the hydraulic drive reverse gear driving teeth 12, the hydraulic motor 13, the variable hydraulic pump 14, the locking tooth hub 15, the one-way clutch 16, the one-way clutch driving part 17, the one-way clutch driven part 18, the engine power input shaft 19, the variable hydraulic pump shaft 20, the hydraulic motor shaft 21, the one-way thrust ball bearing 22, the one-way liquid inlet valve 24, the hydraulic base 25. The engine power input shaft 19 is connected to the transmission input shaft 2 through the one-way clutch 16, the hydraulic pump driving teeth 1 are installed on the transmission input shaft 2, the hydraulic pump driving teeth 1 are engaged with the hydraulic pump driven teeth 10, the hydraulic pump driven teeth 10 are installed on the variable hydraulic pump shaft 20 of the variable hydraulic pump 14, the variable hydraulic pump 14 is connected with the hydraulic motor 08, the hydraulic motor shaft 21 of the hydraulic motor 08 and the intermediate shaft of the manual transmission 015 are connected as a whole.

[0044] The hydraulic drive first gear driving teeth 11 and the manual transmission first gear driven teeth 030 on the hydraulic motor shaft 21 are engaged, the torque is transmitted to the manual transmission intermediate shaft 033, and then the torque is output through the manual transmission output shaft 029 to drive the vehicle forward; the hydraulic drive reverse gear driving teeth 12 and the manual transmission reverse gear driven teeth 031 on the hydraulic motor shaft 21 are engaged, the torque is transmitted to the manual transmission intermediate shaft 033, and then the torque is output through the manual transmission output shaft 029 to drive the vehicle backward.

[0045] All forward gears of the manual transmission 015, except first and reverse, are driven by engine torque transmitted via the transmission input shaft 1. This torque transmission method is identical to that of a conventional manual transmission. Similarly, torque is output via the manual transmission output shaft 029 to drive the vehicle forward.

[0046] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge regarding the specific structure and characteristics of the solution is not described in detail herein. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practical application of the patent.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional mechanical-hydraulic transmission mechanism, comprising an input shaft and an output shaft, characterized in that: Power is transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft via a one-way clutch. A hydraulic pump transmission active gear (011) is installed on the output shaft. A hydraulic pump (07) and a hydraulic motor (08) are arranged on the side of the output shaft. The hydraulic pump transmission active gear (011) is constantly meshed with the variable hydraulic pump transmission driven gear (05) on the hydraulic pump power input shaft (06). The hydraulic motor output shaft (09) serves as the second output shaft of the machine's two-dimensional hydraulic transmission mechanism.

2. The two-dimensional mechanical-hydraulic transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that :The input shaft is the engine power input shaft (01), and the output shaft serves as the input shaft of the transmission.

3. The mechanical-hydraulic two-dimensional transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The input shaft is connected to the active member (014) of the one-way clutch (013), the output shaft is connected to the driven member (02) of the one-way clutch (013), a one-way clutch locking gear hub (03) is installed on the output shaft, a one-way clutch locking engagement tooth (012) is installed on the active member (014) of the one-way clutch (013), a one-way clutch locking gear ring (04) mounted on the one-way clutch locking gear hub (03) only cooperates with the one-way clutch locking gear hub (03) in an unlocked state, and cooperates with the one-way clutch locking gear ring (04) and the one-way clutch locking engagement tooth (012) at the same time in a locked state.

4. The two-dimensional mechanical-hydraulic transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that : The hydraulic pump (07) is a variable hydraulic pump.

5. A hydro-mechanical semi-automatic transmission comprising the hydro-mechanical two-dimensional transmission mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the two-dimensional mechanical-hydraulic transmission mechanism and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor (09) serve as the power input of the manual transmission (015). The output shaft of the two-dimensional transmission mechanism is connected to the input shaft of the manual transmission (015). The first gear and reverse gear of the manual transmission (015) are driven by the torque generated by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic motor (08).

6. The hydraulic semi-automatic transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that The front end of the transmission input shaft (2) is connected to the engine power input shaft (19) through a one-way clutch (16). A hydraulic pump driving gear (1) is installed on the transmission input shaft (2). The hydraulic pump driving gear (1) is engaged with a hydraulic pump driven gear (10). The hydraulic pump driven gear (10) is installed on a variable hydraulic pump shaft (20) of a variable hydraulic pump (14). The variable hydraulic pump (14) is connected to a hydraulic motor (08). The hydraulic motor shaft (21) of the hydraulic motor (08) and the intermediate shaft of the manual transmission (015) are connected as a whole.

7. The hydraulic semi-automatic transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that A hydraulically driven first gear driving gear (11) and a hydraulically driven reverse gear driving gear (12) are mounted on the hydraulic motor shaft (21). The hydraulically driven first gear driving gear (11) meshes with a manual transmission first gear driven gear (030) on an intermediate shaft (033) of a manual transmission (015). The hydraulically driven reverse gear driving gear (12) meshes with a manual transmission reverse gear driven gear (031).

8. The hydraulic semi-automatic transmission according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that The front end of the transmission input shaft (2) is connected to the one-way clutch driven member (18), the one-way clutch active member (17) is connected to the engine power input shaft (19), the one-way clutch active member (17) is provided with a locking engagement tooth (6), the transmission input shaft (2) is provided with a locking gear hub (15), the locking gear hub (15) is provided with a one-way clutch locking gear sleeve (8), the one-way clutch locking gear sleeve (8) is driven by a shift fork (4), when the one-way clutch locking gear sleeve (8) is only combined with the locking gear hub (15), the one-way clutch (16) is unlocked and has a one-way transmission function, when the one-way clutch locking gear sleeve (8) is simultaneously combined with the locking gear hub (15) and the locking engagement tooth (6), the one-way clutch (16) is locked.

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