Pressurizing system and method suitable for various working conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressurization system suitable for various working conditions, which comprises a hydrogen supply assembly used for inputting hydrogen with different initial pressures to a pressurization assembly; and the pressurizing assembly adopts different pressurizing units to pressurize the hydrogen to target pressure according to the initial pressure of the hydrogen and then outputs high-pressure hydrogen. The multi-stage supercharging unit and the shunting pipeline structure are arranged, the supercharging path is matched according to the hydrogen initial pressure, the single-stage compression ratio is reduced in a segmented supercharging mode, and through cooperative control of the hydrogen supply assembly and the supercharging assembly, the problems that the high-pressure hydrogen temperature rise exceeds the standard and the compressor is started and stopped frequently are effectively solved; the method has the advantages of flexibly selecting the pressurization path according to the hydrogen initial pressure, avoiding frequent start and stop of a single compressor, effectively controlling the hydrogen temperature rise and improving the system adaptability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy, and in particular to a boosting system and method applicable to various working conditions. Background Art

[0002] With the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, diaphragm compressors, as key equipment for hydrogen boosting, are widely used in the field of high-pressure hydrogen boosting at hydrogen refueling stations. Existing high-pressure hydrogen refueling pressure levels reach up to 35MPa / 70MPa. High-pressure hydrogen has a significant Joule-Thomson temperature rise effect. According to relevant standards, the exhaust temperature of hydrogen compressors should not exceed 135°C, and the refueling temperature of high-pressure hydrogen should not exceed 85°C.

[0003] The existing hydrogen boosting system includes: a diaphragm compressor, the air inlet of the diaphragm compressor is connected to one end of the air inlet pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipeline is used to be connected to an external hydrogen source, the air outlet of the diaphragm compressor is connected to one end of the air outlet pipeline, and the other end of the air outlet pipeline is connected to a sequential control panel. The sequential control panel can be used to inflate each high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and then the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is added to the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle through a hydrogen filling machine.

[0004] The existing hydrogen boosting system has a diaphragm compressor that directly boosts the low-pressure hydrogen to 70MPa, and the hydrogen temperature rise can easily exceed the standard limit; due to the single system configuration, the diaphragm compressor needs to be started and stopped frequently to adapt to different working conditions, which not only affects the service life of the equipment, but also easily causes diaphragm damage.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary for us to improve such a structure to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a boosting system and method suitable for various working conditions, which has the advantages of being able to flexibly select the boosting path according to the initial pressure of hydrogen, avoid frequent start and stop of a single compressor, effectively control the temperature rise of hydrogen, and improve the adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A booster system suitable for various working conditions, including

[0009] A hydrogen supply component, used to input hydrogen with different initial pressures into the booster component;

[0010] The boosting component uses different boosting units to boost the hydrogen to the target pressure according to the initial pressure of the hydrogen, and then outputs high-pressure hydrogen.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrogen supply assembly includes a first hydrogen supply unit and a second hydrogen supply unit;

[0012] The first hydrogen supply unit is a tube bundle vehicle, on which a number of hydrogen storage bottles A0 for storing hydrogen are provided. The gas outlet ends of the hydrogen storage bottles A0 are connected to the booster assembly through the gas unloading column A1.

[0013] The second hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen production device B0, the output end of the hydrogen production device B0 is connected to the buffer tank B1, and the gas outlet end of the buffer tank B1 is connected to the boosting component.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage bottle A0 includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle. The initial pressure of the hydrogen output by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is 5-20Mpa, the initial pressure of the hydrogen output by the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is 3-5Mpa, and the initial pressure of the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production equipment B0 is 1.6Mpa.

[0015] Furthermore, the boost assembly includes a first boost unit A6, a second boost unit A9 and a third boost unit A12;

[0016] Among them, the first boost unit A6 is arranged at the air inlet end of the boost assembly, the third boost unit A12 is arranged at the air outlet end of the boost assembly, and the second boost unit A9 is arranged between the first boost unit A6 and the third boost unit A12.

[0017] Furthermore, the air inlet end of the boost assembly is provided with a first air inlet pipeline for connecting to the first hydrogen supply unit and a second air inlet pipeline for connecting to the second hydrogen supply unit, a first air inlet valve A2 is provided on the first air inlet pipeline, and a second air inlet valve B2 and a first check valve B3 are provided on the second air inlet pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, the boost assembly includes a first boost pipeline C1, a second boost pipeline C2 and a third boost pipeline C3;

[0019] The first boosting pipeline C1 is sequentially provided with a first boosting unit A6, a second boosting unit A9 and a third boosting unit A12; the air inlet end of the second boosting pipeline C2 is arranged at the front end of the first boosting unit A6, and the air outlet end of the second boosting pipeline C2 is arranged between the first boosting unit A6 and the second boosting unit A9; the air inlet end of the third boosting pipeline C3 is arranged at the front end of the first boosting unit A6, and the air outlet end of the third boosting pipeline C3 is arranged between the second boosting pipeline C2 and the third boosting pipeline C3.

[0020] Furthermore, the first supercharging pipeline C1 is provided with a third intake valve A5, a second check valve A7 and a third check valve A10. The third intake valve A5 is provided at the front end of the first supercharging unit A6, the second check valve A7 is provided between the first supercharging unit A6 and the second supercharging unit A9, and the third check valve A10 is provided at the rear end of the third supercharging unit A12.

[0021] The fourth intake valve A4 and the fourth check valve A8 are arranged on the second pressurization pipeline C2.

[0022] The fifth intake valve A3 and the fifth check valve A11 are arranged on the third pressurization pipeline C3.

[0023] Further, the gas outlet valve A13 is arranged on the rear end pipeline of the third pressurization unit A12, and the backflow pipeline C4 is arranged on the front end of the gas outlet valve A13, the intake end of the backflow pipeline C4 is located between the third pressurization unit A12 and the gas outlet valve A13, and the gas outlet end of the backflow pipeline C4 extends to the front end of the first pressurization unit A6.

[0024] The shut-off valve A14, the pressure reducing valve A15, the regulating valve A16 and the sixth check valve A17 are arranged on the backflow pipeline C4 in sequence.

[0025] A pressurization method suitable for various working conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. When the hydrogen source is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 5-20 Mpa, the first intake valve A2, the fifth intake valve A3 and the gas outlet valve A13 are opened, the fourth intake valve A4 and the third intake valve A5 are closed, the hydrogen enters the pressurization assembly through the gas unloading column A1, and then enters the third pressurization unit A12 through the third pressurization pipeline C3 to be pressurized to the target pressure, and then the high-pressure hydrogen is output to the downstream.

[0027] S2. When the hydrogen source is a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 3-5 Mpa, the first intake valve A2, the fourth intake valve A4 and the gas outlet valve A13 are opened, the fourth intake valve A4 and the third intake valve A5 are closed, the hydrogen enters the pressurization assembly through the gas unloading column A1, and then enters the second pressurization unit A9 and the third pressurization unit A12 through the second pressurization pipeline C2 to be pressurized to the target pressure, and then the high-pressure hydrogen is output to the downstream.

[0028] S3. When the hydrogen source is a hydrogen production device B0, and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 1.6 Mpa, the second intake valve B2, the third intake valve A5 and the gas outlet valve A13 are opened, the fifth intake valve A3 and the fourth intake valve A4 are closed, the hydrogen enters the pressurization assembly through the buffer tank B1, and then enters the first pressurization unit A6, the second pressurization unit A9 and the third pressurization unit A12 through the first pressurization pipeline C1 to be pressurized to the target pressure, and then the high-pressure hydrogen is output to the downstream.

[0029] According to the above, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] By setting up a multi-stage boosting unit and a diverter pipeline structure, matching the boosting path according to the initial hydrogen pressure, and adopting a segmented boosting method to reduce the single-stage compression ratio, the problems of excessive high-pressure hydrogen temperature rise and frequent start and stop of the compressor are effectively solved through the coordinated control of the hydrogen supply component and the boosting component. It has the advantages of being able to flexibly select the boosting path according to the initial hydrogen pressure, avoiding frequent start and stop of a single compressor, effectively controlling the hydrogen temperature rise, and improving the adaptability and reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the boosting system applicable to various working conditions according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to diagrams and specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a boosting system suitable for various working conditions, including

[0034] A hydrogen supply component, used to input hydrogen with different initial pressures into the booster component;

[0035] The boosting component uses different boosting units to boost the hydrogen to the target pressure according to the initial pressure of the hydrogen, and then outputs high-pressure hydrogen.

[0036] High-pressure hydrogen sources require only a few boosting stages to reach the target pressure, while low-pressure hydrogen sources require multiple boosting stages. By configuring a switchable boosting unit combination, we can avoid the single-stage, high-pressure differential compression of low-pressure hydrogen sources while reducing redundant boosting steps for high-pressure hydrogen sources. This hierarchical approach not only controls temperature rise but also optimizes equipment operation.

[0037] Therefore, this application proposes a hydrogen boosting system comprising a hydrogen supply assembly and a boosting assembly. The hydrogen supply assembly is used to input hydrogen with different initial pressures, and the boosting assembly selects the corresponding boosting unit combination according to the input pressure for staged compression, and finally outputs high-pressure hydrogen at the target pressure.

[0038] The hydrogen supply assembly refers to a gas supply device capable of connecting to multiple pressure sources. This can be achieved by connecting a hydrogen storage tank group on a tube bundle truck in parallel with the hydrogen production equipment. The booster assembly refers to a compression system consisting of multiple independent booster modules. This can be achieved by arranging diaphragm compressor units in series. Bypass lines and valve groups are installed between each booster unit, and different booster path combinations are formed by controlling the opening and closing status of the valves.

[0039] Specifically, when the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank outputs 20MPa of hydrogen, the system activates the third booster unit to directly achieve the target pressure increase. When the intermediate hydrogen compression equipment outputs 1.6MPa of hydrogen, the system sequentially activates the three booster units for three-stage compression. This dynamic path selection mechanism controls the single-stage compression ratio within a reasonable range, ensuring that the temperature rise at each stage does not exceed 50°C. At the same time, by keeping some booster units running continuously, frequent equipment starts and stops due to downstream pressure fluctuations are avoided.

[0040] Compared with existing technologies, traditional single-compressor systems suffer from the conflict of "over-compression at high pressure and excessive temperature rise at low pressure" when processing hydrogen sources of varying pressures. This solution utilizes a reconfigurable boosting path, requiring only a few boosting stages for high-pressure hydrogen sources while providing sufficient, staged compression for low-pressure sources. This design, which allocates boosting stages on demand, not only meets temperature control requirements for different operating conditions but also reduces equipment idling.

[0041] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of excessive temperature rise during the high-pressure hydrogen boosting process, controlling the temperature rise at each compression stage within a safe threshold. This also reduces the number of starts and stops of a single boosting unit, improving the operational stability of the equipment by over 40%. The multi-pressure source adaptability design enables the system to be compatible with a variety of hydrogen sources, including tube bundle trucks, hydrogen storage tanks, and electrolyzers, significantly improving the operational flexibility of hydrogen refueling stations.

[0042] The present application further proposes that the hydrogen supply assembly includes a first hydrogen supply unit and a second hydrogen supply unit. The first hydrogen supply unit is a tube bundle vehicle, on which a number of hydrogen storage bottles A0 for storing hydrogen are provided. The gas outlet end of the hydrogen storage bottle A0 is connected to the boosting assembly through a gas unloading column A1. The second hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen production equipment B0. The output end of the hydrogen production equipment B0 is connected to the buffer tank B1, and the gas outlet end of the buffer tank B1 is connected to the boosting assembly.

[0043] Among them, the tube bundle vehicle refers to a special vehicle used to transport high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles. Specifically, it can be a trailer-type transport device equipped with multiple sets of detachable hydrogen storage bottles. Its hydrogen storage bottle A0 is connected to the gas unloading column through a standardized interface to achieve rapid loading and unloading and gas supply. The gas unloading column A1 refers to a special gas transmission device connecting the tube bundle vehicle and the boosting component, which usually includes a pressure regulating module and an emergency shut-off valve for controlling the safe output of high-pressure hydrogen. The hydrogen production equipment B0 refers to a device that can produce hydrogen through water electrolysis or reforming process, such as an alkaline electrolyzer or a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, and its output end is connected to the boosting component through a buffer tank B1. The buffer tank B1 refers to a pressure vessel with a pressure stabilization function. Specifically, it can be a vertical storage tank with a pressure sensor, which is used to eliminate fluctuations in the output pressure of the hydrogen production equipment and store low-pressure hydrogen.

[0044] Specifically, when the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle of the tube bundle vehicle is transported to the booster assembly through the gas unloading column, its initial pressure can be directly used for multi-stage boosting, reducing the initial boosting load of the compressor. The low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment first enters the buffer tank for pressure equalization, and the buffer tank's pressure stabilization effect maintains a constant input pressure. In the scenario of high-pressure hydrogen supply demand, the high-pressure gas source of the hydrogen storage bottle of the tube bundle vehicle is preferentially called, and directly input into the high-pressure section of the booster assembly through the gas unloading column, reducing the number of boosting stages and operating time of the compressor.

[0045] Compared with existing technologies, existing hydrogen boosting systems rely on a single hydrogen source. When the gas source pressure is insufficient, the compressor must continue to operate, leading to diaphragm fatigue damage and excessive exhaust temperature. This solution establishes a dual-path hydrogen supply system, creating a pressure complement between the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen production equipment. When the high-pressure gas source is sufficient, its pressure potential energy is directly utilized. When the hydrogen is supplied at low pressure, the buffer tank stabilizes the input pressure, effectively reducing the operating frequency of the compressor and the single boost amplitude.

[0046] Through the above technical solution, the present application solves the problem of frequent start-stop of the diaphragm compressor caused by a single hydrogen source, reduces the workload of the compressor through the pressure complementary mechanism, avoids the phenomenon of excessive hydrogen temperature rise caused by continuous high-pressure differential pressurization, and at the same time ensures the stable supply of low-pressure hydrogen through the pressure stabilizing effect of the buffer tank, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the boosting system.

[0047] This application further proposes that the hydrogen storage bottle A0 includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle. The initial pressure of the hydrogen output by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is 5-20Mpa, the initial pressure of the hydrogen output by the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is 3-5Mpa, and the initial pressure of the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production equipment B0 is 1.6Mpa.

[0048] High-pressure hydrogen storage bottles are hydrogen storage containers with an operating pressure range of 5-20 MPa, with an upper pressure limit that covers the medium- and high-pressure requirements of conventional hydrogen refueling stations. Medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottles are hydrogen storage devices with an operating pressure range of 3-5 MPa, specifically using composite gas cylinders with aluminum alloy linings, serving as a source of hydrogen at intermediate pressure levels. Hydrogen production equipment B0 is a device capable of continuously generating hydrogen at a pressure of 1.6 MPa, specifically using a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, with stable output via buffer tank B1.

[0049] Specifically, when the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle outputs 5-20 MPa hydrogen, it can directly enter the final-stage pressurization unit for small-scale pressurization, avoiding the temperature rise accumulation caused by repeated compression. When the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle outputs 3-5 MPa hydrogen, moderate pressurization is carried out through the intermediate-stage pressurization unit, and the single-stage compression ratio is controlled within the safety threshold. When the hydrogen production equipment outputs 1.6 MPa low-pressure hydrogen, a multi-stage series pressurization mode is adopted, so that the temperature rise of each stage of compression does not exceed the material tolerance limit. The pressure gradient division makes hydrogen from different sources always in the optimal compression ratio range during the pressurization process, for example, high-pressure hydrogen only needs single-stage pressurization to reach the target pressure, and low-pressure hydrogen realizes temperature-controllable step-by-step pressurization through multi-stage pressurization.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the traditional pressurization system only uses a single pressure source for multi-stage compression, resulting in a compressor exhaust temperature exceeding the safety limit of 135℃. The present scheme establishes a multi-stage pressure input system, so that the high-pressure hydrogen source does not need to go through the primary compression stage, directly reducing the compression times by more than 50%, effectively avoiding the temperature rise accumulation effect. For the medium-pressure hydrogen source, the compression stages are reduced to two, which reduces the single-stage compression ratio by 30% compared with the traditional three-stage compression scheme, significantly improving the compressor operating temperature.

[0051] Through the above technical scheme, the technical problem of compressor over-temperature and frequent start-stop caused by excessive temperature rise during the pressurization process of hydrogen with different initial pressures is solved. When processing high-pressure hydrogen, the final-stage pressurization unit directly completes the target pressure increase, avoiding overheating caused by repeated work of the compressor; when processing medium-pressure hydrogen, the intermediate-stage pressurization unit and the final-stage unit work cooperatively, so that the compressor operates in the optimal working condition interval; when processing low-pressure hydrogen, the multi-stage pressurization unit forms a temperature gradient control chain to ensure that the temperature rise of each stage of compression does not exceed the material tolerance limit. The pressure grading system makes the compressor always work within the safe compression ratio range, fundamentally eliminating the forced shutdown phenomenon caused by excessive temperature rise.

[0052] The present application further proposes that the pressurization assembly comprises a first pressurization unit A6, a second pressurization unit A9 and a third pressurization unit A12; wherein the first pressurization unit A6 is arranged at the gas inlet end of the pressurization assembly, the third pressurization unit A12 is arranged at the gas outlet end of the pressurization assembly, and the second pressurization unit A9 is arranged between the first pressurization unit A6 and the third pressurization unit A12.

[0053] The first boosting unit A6 is a pressure-boosting device located at the initial stage of the boosting process. It can be implemented using a diaphragm compressor and is used to receive hydrogen from the hydrogen supply assembly and perform initial boosting. The second boosting unit A9 is an intermediate pressure-boosting device located between the first and final stages. It can be implemented using a multi-stage piston compressor and is used to connect the pressure-boosting processes of the previous and subsequent stages. The third boosting unit A12 is a final pressure-boosting device located at the end of the boosting process. It can be implemented using a high-pressure piston compressor and is used to boost the hydrogen to the target pressure.

[0054] Specifically, when hydrogen enters the booster assembly, the number of booster units activated is selected based on its initial pressure. For example, hydrogen with an initial pressure of 1.6 MPa must pass through the first, second, and third booster units in sequence to complete three-stage boosting; hydrogen with an initial pressure of 3-5 MPa only needs to pass through the second and third booster units to complete two-stage boosting; hydrogen with an initial pressure of 5-20 MPa can be directly boosted by the third booster unit in a single stage. Through the staged boosting method, each stage only bears part of the pressure increase task, so that the temperature rise caused by single-stage compression is controlled within a safe threshold.

[0055] Compared with existing technologies, traditional single-stage boosting systems compress hydrogen directly from low pressure to the target high pressure, resulting in excessive temperature rise in each stage and requiring the compressor to be repeatedly started and stopped to adapt to different pressure sources. This solution, by arranging three boosting units in series, breaks down the compression process into multiple stages, with each stage only completing a portion of the pressure increase, significantly reducing the temperature rise in each stage. Furthermore, path switching enables differentiated processing of different pressure sources, reducing the frequency of operation of the same compressor.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of excessive temperature rise during single-stage hydrogen compression. By using staged boosting, the temperature rise at each stage is controlled within a safe range. Furthermore, by dynamically activating the boosting unit based on different pressure sources, the compressor start-stop frequency is reduced, the equipment life is extended, and the risk of diaphragm damage caused by frequent operating stress is avoided.

[0057] The present application further proposes that the air inlet end of the boosting assembly is provided with a first air inlet pipeline for connecting to the first hydrogen supply unit and a second air inlet pipeline for connecting to the second hydrogen supply unit, a first air inlet valve is provided on the first air inlet pipeline, and a second air inlet valve and a first check valve are provided on the second air inlet pipeline.

[0058] The first air intake line is connected to the hydrogen supply unit of the tube bundle vehicle and communicates with the booster assembly via a gas unloading column. The first air intake valve is configured to control the input of hydrogen from the high-pressure or medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle. This can be achieved using a solenoid valve or pneumatic valve to adjust the hydrogen flow rate under high-pressure conditions. The second air intake line is connected to the hydrogen supply unit of the hydrogen production equipment and communicates with the booster assembly via a buffer tank. The second air intake valve is configured to control the input of low-pressure hydrogen. The first check valve is configured as a one-way conducting element, such as a spring-loaded check valve or a gravity-loaded check valve, to prevent high-pressure hydrogen from flowing back into the low-pressure hydrogen supply unit.

[0059] Specifically, when a high-pressure or medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is used as a hydrogen supply source, the first intake valve is opened and the second intake valve remains closed. Hydrogen enters the booster assembly directly through the first intake line. At this time, the first check valve is closed because the inlet pressure is lower than the outlet pressure, preventing high-pressure hydrogen from flowing back into the second intake line. When the hydrogen production equipment is used as a hydrogen supply source, the second intake valve is opened, and low-pressure hydrogen is input into the booster assembly through the second intake line. The first check valve opens under the action of positive pressure, and the first intake valve closes to isolate the high-pressure hydrogen supply unit. Through the coordinated control of two independent pipelines and valves, hydrogen sources of different pressure levels are physically isolated, avoiding pressure crosstalk between hydrogen supply units and ensuring the stability of the inlet pressure of the booster assembly.

[0060] Compared with existing technologies, existing boosting systems typically use a single intake line connected to multiple hydrogen sources, resulting in pressure fluctuations caused by the mixing of hydrogen at different pressures, and the need to frequently start and stop the compressor to adjust the pressure. This solution, by setting up dual intake lines and valve groups, achieves active switching and pressure isolation of the hydrogen supply path, maintaining stable system operation without relying on the start and stop of the compressor.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, the present application can effectively solve the pressure interference problem when hydrogen sources with different initial pressures are input, avoid the risk of overpressure caused by reverse pressure shock in the low-pressure hydrogen supply unit, and at the same time reduce the frequent start and stop of the compressor due to inlet pressure fluctuations, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the boosting system.

[0062] The present application further proposes that the boost assembly includes a first boost pipeline C1, a second boost pipeline C2 and a third boost pipeline C3; the first boost unit A6, the second boost unit A9 and the third boost unit A12 are sequentially arranged on the first boost pipeline C1; the air inlet end of the second boost pipeline C2 is arranged at the front end of the first boost unit A6, and the air outlet end of the second boost pipeline C2 is arranged between the first boost unit A6 and the second boost unit A9; the air inlet end of the third boost pipeline C3 is arranged at the front end of the first boost unit A6, and the air outlet end of the third boost pipeline C3 is arranged between the second boost pipeline C2 and the third boost pipeline C3.

[0063] Among them, the first boosting pipeline C1 refers to the complete boosting path of three boosting units in series, which can be specifically implemented by connecting a multi-stage diaphragm compressor in series, and is used to gradually boost the hydrogen source with the lowest initial pressure. The second boosting pipeline C2 refers to the diversion pipeline connecting the front end of the first boosting unit and the inlet of the second boosting unit. Specifically, the gas flow direction can be controlled by a bypass valve, so that part of the hydrogen skips the first boosting unit and directly enters the subsequent boosting link. The third boosting pipeline C3 refers to the cross-stage pipeline connecting the front end of the first boosting unit and the inlet of the third boosting unit. Specifically, an independent valve can be used for adjustment to allow hydrogen to bypass the first two boosting units and directly enter the final boosting stage.

[0064] Specifically, when the initial pressure of hydrogen is high, by opening the valve of the third boosting pipeline C3, the hydrogen is only passed through the third boosting unit A12 to complete single-stage boosting, avoiding repeated compression and causing excessive temperature rise. When medium-pressure hydrogen enters, the second boosting pipeline C2 diverts the hydrogen to the inlet of the second boosting unit A9, so that it only needs two boostings to reach the target pressure. For low-pressure hydrogen, the three-stage series structure of the first boosting pipeline C1 can gradually increase the pressure, while reducing the single-stage temperature rise through graded compression. The air inlet ends of the three pipelines are all located at the front end of the first boosting unit. The boosting path can be flexibly selected by switching the valves, so that hydrogen with different initial pressures matches the corresponding number of boosting stages, thereby reducing the number of compressor starts and stops.

[0065] Compared with existing technologies, traditional single-stage boosting systems require hydrogen to be compressed to the target pressure in one go, resulting in temperature rises exceeding safety thresholds and frequent compressor starts and stops. This solution, however, achieves tiered pressure regulation by installing parallel boosting pipelines: high-pressure hydrogen flows directly into the final boosting stage via a cross-stage pipeline, medium-pressure hydrogen flows through a bypass pipeline to reduce the number of boosting cycles, and low-pressure hydrogen is compressed step by step through a complete series path. This tiered approach distributes the temperature rise from a single compression over multiple stages, while also reducing the workload of individual boosting units.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of excessive temperature rise caused by single-stage hydrogen supercharging. Through the diversion and cross-stage design of multi-stage pipelines, hydrogen sources of different pressure levels are matched with the optimal supercharging path, reducing the number of compressions while ensuring the target pressure output. At the same time, by preventing low-pressure hydrogen from directly entering the high-pressure compression link, the start-stop frequency of the diaphragm compressor is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is extended. The multi-stage pressure regulation mechanism further improves the system's adaptability to different working conditions, ensuring that the hydrogen supercharging process is always within a safe temperature range.

[0067] The present application further proposes to set a third intake valve A5, a second check valve A7 and a third check valve A10 on the first boost pipeline C1, the third intake valve A5 is located at the front end of the first boost unit A6, the second check valve A7 is located between the first boost unit A6 and the second boost unit A9, and the third check valve A10 is located at the rear end of the third boost unit A12; a fourth intake valve A4 and a fourth check valve A8 are set on the second boost pipeline C2; ​​and a fifth intake valve A3 and a fifth check valve A11 are set on the third boost pipeline C3.

[0068] The third intake valve A5 is a switching device that controls the hydrogen input to the front end of the first boosting pipeline C1. Specifically, it can be implemented as an electric ball valve or a pneumatic shut-off valve, and is used to regulate the flow of hydrogen into the first boosting unit A6. The second check valve A7 is a valve that allows one-way hydrogen flow from the first boosting unit A6 to the second boosting unit A9. Specifically, it can be implemented as a spring-loaded check valve, and is used to block reverse flow between the boosting units. The third check valve A10 is a one-way valve that prevents the backflow of high-pressure hydrogen from the rear end of the third boosting unit A12. Specifically, it can be implemented as a metal-sealed check valve, and is used to maintain stable output pressure. The fourth intake valve A4 and the fifth intake valve A3 are switching devices that control the hydrogen input to the second boosting pipeline C2 and the third boosting pipeline C3, respectively. Specifically, they can be implemented as solenoid valves, and are used to switch between different boosting paths. The fourth check valve A8 and the fifth check valve A11 are one-way valves for limiting the flow direction of hydrogen in the second boosting pipeline C2 and the third boosting pipeline C3 respectively. Specifically, they can be implemented by swing check valves to eliminate pressure crosstalk.

[0069] Specifically, when hydrogen passes through the first boosting pipeline C1, the third intake valve A5 opens to allow hydrogen to enter the first boosting unit A6. The second check valve A7 prevents the boosted hydrogen from flowing back into the preceding unit. The third check valve A10 ensures that the high-pressure hydrogen output from the third boosting unit A12 does not flow back into the middle section of the pipeline. When hydrogen passes through the second boosting pipeline C2, the fourth intake valve A4 opens to allow the medium-pressure hydrogen to enter the second boosting unit A9 directly. The fourth check valve A8 prevents the outlet pressure of the second boosting unit A9 from interfering with the preceding pipeline. When hydrogen passes through the third boosting pipeline C3, the fifth intake valve A3 opens to allow the high-pressure hydrogen to enter the third boosting unit A12 directly for final boosting. The fifth check valve A11 prevents the high-pressure output of the third boosting unit A12 from causing a reverse impact on the preceding pipeline. By opening and closing these valves in combination, directional flow of hydrogen at different pressure levels is achieved within the boosting assembly. The physical blocking properties of the check valves also eliminate pressure fluctuations when multiple boosting units are operated in parallel.

[0070] Compared with existing technologies, traditional boosting systems use a single pipeline connecting multiple boosting units. Switching between boosting paths can easily lead to hydrogen backflow and pressure fluctuations, causing frequent compressor starts and stops. This solution uses independent boosting pipelines and supporting valve groups to enable hydrogen of different pressure levels to be boosted step by step along specific paths. The physical blocking effect of the check valve effectively isolates the pressure interference between the boosting units at each level, avoiding system instability caused by path switching.

[0071] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the pressure fluctuation problem caused by hydrogen backflow when switching multi-stage boosting units, and realizes precise switching of the boosting path through the coordinated control of pipelines and valves. The physical isolation characteristics of the check valve ensure the pressure stability when the boosting units at each level operate independently, thereby improving the continuous operation reliability of the system under complex working conditions.

[0072] The present application further proposes that an outlet valve is provided on the rear end pipeline of the third boosting unit, and a return pipeline is provided at the front end of the outlet valve. The air inlet end of the return pipeline is located between the third boosting unit and the outlet valve, and the air outlet end extends to the front end of the first boosting unit; a shut-off valve, a pressure reducing valve, a regulating valve and a sixth check valve are provided on the return pipeline in sequence.

[0073] Among them, the reflux pipeline refers to the closed-loop gas channel connecting the output and input ends of the boosting unit, which can be specifically realized by welding stainless steel pipes to form a pressure feedback control loop for the boosting system. The shut-off valve refers to a valve with a quick shut-off function, which can be specifically realized by an electromagnetic shut-off valve and is used to block the reflux path in an emergency. The pressure reducing valve refers to a valve that can adjust the output pressure, which can be specifically realized by a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve, and is used to reduce the pressure of the reflux hydrogen to a range that the front-end boosting unit can withstand. The regulating valve refers to a valve that can accurately control the flow rate, which can be specifically realized by an electric regulating valve, and is used to dynamically adjust the reflux gas flow rate to balance the system temperature. The sixth check valve refers to a one-way guide device, which can be specifically realized by a spring-loaded check valve, and is used to prevent the reverse flow of gas from destroying the pressure balance of the system.

[0074] Specifically, when the hydrogen flow rate output by the third boosting unit approaches the target value, part of the high-pressure hydrogen returns to the front end of the first boosting unit through the return line. The shut-off valve can immediately cut off the return channel in the event of a system abnormality to prevent pressure runaway. The pressure reducing valve reduces the return hydrogen pressure to the operating pressure range of the front-end boosting unit, for example, from 70MPa to 5-20MPa. The regulating valve adjusts the opening according to real-time temperature sensor data. For example, when the exhaust temperature approaches 135°C, the opening is increased to increase the return flow rate, thereby reducing the overall temperature rise by increasing the gas circulation volume. The sixth check valve ensures that the gas flows only in the return direction, preventing the low-pressure gas at the front end from impacting the high-pressure pipeline in reverse. This closed-loop regulation mechanism allows the boosting system to maintain the target pressure while reducing the number of compressor starts and stops by continuously circulating part of the gas, while using gas circulation to dissipate heat and reduce temperature rise.

[0075] The present application further proposes the following steps: when the hydrogen source is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 5-20Mpa, the first air inlet valve, the fifth air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are opened, and the fourth air inlet valve and the third air inlet valve are closed. The hydrogen enters the boosting assembly through the unloading column and enters the third boosting unit through the third boosting pipeline to be boosted to the target pressure before output; when the hydrogen source is a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 3-5Mpa, the first air inlet valve, the fourth air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are opened, and the fourth air inlet valve and the third air inlet valve are closed. Close the fourth air inlet valve and the third air inlet valve, and the hydrogen enters the boosting assembly through the gas unloading column and enters the second boosting unit and the third boosting unit through the second boosting pipeline, and is pressurized in sequence before being output; when the hydrogen source is hydrogen production equipment and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 1.6Mpa, open the second air inlet valve, the third air inlet valve and the air outlet valve, close the fifth air inlet valve and the fourth air inlet valve, and the hydrogen enters the boosting assembly through the buffer tank and enters the first boosting unit, the second boosting unit and the third boosting unit through the first boosting pipeline, and is pressurized in sequence before being output.

[0076] Among them, staged supercharging refers to selecting different numbers of supercharging units to operate in series based on the initial hydrogen pressure. This can be achieved by combining multi-stage diaphragm compressors, reducing the single-shot compression ratio by matching the initial pressure with the number of supercharging stages. Pipeline switching refers to changing the direction of hydrogen flow by controlling the combination of valves on different pipelines. This can be achieved by combining solenoid valves and check valves to prevent hydrogen backflow and ensure the uniqueness of the supercharging path. Dynamic adjustment refers to selecting the supercharging path based on real-time hydrogen pressure data. This can be achieved by combining pressure sensors with control systems to ensure the optimal supercharging strategy is adopted under all operating conditions.

[0077] Specifically, when dealing with high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, only the final-stage boosting unit is enabled for single-stage compression. Since the initial pressure is close to the target pressure, directly using single-stage boosting can avoid the accumulation of temperature rise caused by repeated compression. When dealing with medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, the intermediate and final-stage boosting units are enabled. Through two-stage compression, the single-stage compression ratio is controlled within a reasonable range while ensuring the boosting efficiency. When dealing with low-pressure hydrogen storage equipment, all three-stage boosting units are enabled, and the compression process is decomposed into multiple stages with controllable temperature rise through step-by-step boosting. Under each operating condition, a specific valve combination is used to forcibly limit the hydrogen flow path, ensuring the sealing of the system while eliminating the possibility of the compressor idling or frequent switching of operating conditions.

[0078] Compared with existing technologies, existing hydrogen boosting systems use a single compressor to directly boost the pressure to the target. This results in an excessively high compression ratio, causing excessive hydrogen temperature rise, and the compressor needs to be frequently started and stopped as the tank pressure fluctuates. This solution uses a staged boosting structure to break down the total compression ratio into multiple boosting units, keeping the temperature rise of each stage below the safety threshold. A pipeline switching mechanism also allows the compressor to operate continuously under different operating conditions, avoiding start-stop cycles caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively controls the temperature rise during the high-pressure hydrogen boosting process, ensuring that the final output hydrogen temperature meets industry standards. This also extends the service life of key components by eliminating frequent compressor starts and stops. The mechanism for matching the optimal boosting path to hydrogen sources with different initial pressures ensures both boosting efficiency and energy efficiency.

[0080] The present application further proposes a pressurizing method comprising the following steps: when the hydrogen source is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 5-20 MPa, the first air inlet valve A2, the fifth air inlet valve A3 and the air outlet valve A13 are opened, the fourth air inlet valve A4 and the third air inlet valve A5 are closed, and the hydrogen enters the pressurizing assembly through the gas unloading column A1 and enters the third pressurizing unit A12 through the third pressurizing pipeline C3 to be pressurized to the target pressure before being output; when the hydrogen source is a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 3-5 MPa, the first air inlet valve A2 is opened and the fifth air inlet valve A3 and the air outlet valve A13 are closed, and the fourth air inlet valve A4 and the third air inlet valve A5 are closed, and the hydrogen enters the pressurizing assembly through the gas unloading column A1 and enters the third pressurizing unit A12 through the third pressurizing pipeline C3 to be pressurized to the target pressure before being output; 2. The fourth air inlet valve A4 and the air outlet valve A13, the third air inlet valve A5 is closed, and the hydrogen enters the second boosting unit A9 and the third boosting unit A12 through the second boosting pipeline C2 and is pressurized in sequence; when the hydrogen source is the hydrogen production equipment B0 and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 1.6 MPa, the second air inlet valve B2, the third air inlet valve A5 and the air outlet valve A13 are opened, the fifth air inlet valve A3 and the fourth air inlet valve A4 are closed, and the hydrogen enters the first boosting unit A6, the second boosting unit A9 and the third boosting unit A12 through the first boosting pipeline C1 and is pressurized in sequence.

[0081] Among them, the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle refers to a hydrogen storage container with an operating pressure range of 5-20Mpa, which avoids repeated pressurization by directly connecting to the third boosting unit. The medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle refers to a hydrogen storage container with an operating pressure range of 3-5Mpa, which can be specifically implemented by an aluminum alloy liner composite gas cylinder, which controls the compression temperature rise through a two-stage boosting path. The third boosting pipeline C3 refers to a dedicated channel connecting the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the third boosting unit A12, which can be specifically implemented by a high-pressure resistant stainless steel pipeline, which realizes direct boosting of high-pressure hydrogen through an independent control valve group. The second boosting pipeline C2 refers to a transition channel connecting the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the second boosting unit A9, which can be specifically implemented by a pipeline system with an intercooler, which reduces the single-stage compression ratio by staged boosting. The first boosting pipeline C1 refers to the primary boosting channel connecting the hydrogen production equipment and the first boosting unit A6, which can be specifically implemented by a multi-stage compressor unit series structure, which decomposes the total compression ratio through three-stage progressive boosting.

[0082] Specifically, when dealing with high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, by closing the intake valve of the intermediate-stage boosting unit, the hydrogen is allowed to directly enter the final-stage boosting unit to complete the final boosting, avoiding repeated compression of the hydrogen that already has a higher pressure. When the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is supplying gas, the intake valve of the second-stage boosting unit is opened to form a two-stage series boosting path, and the total boosting amplitude is decomposed into two moderate compressions. For the hydrogen output by the low-pressure hydrogen equipment, all three-stage boosting units are activated to form a step-by-step boosting path, and the total compression ratio is decomposed into the safe working range of each boosting unit through three compression processes. Differentiated boosting paths are formed by the opening combination of specific intake valves under various working conditions. Under the premise of ensuring that the output pressure meets the standard, the number of boosting units and the number of compression stages in actual operation are dynamically adjusted.

[0083] Compared with existing technologies, traditional single-stage boosting systems use a fixed compression path when processing hydrogen sources of different pressures, resulting in the risk of overheating due to repeated boosting of high-pressure hydrogen. This solution achieves pressure-matched boosting through a multi-path selection mechanism. In existing technologies, the compressor needs to be frequently started and stopped to adapt to different operating conditions, while this solution maintains continuous and stable operation of the compressor by switching the graded boosting path. Traditional systems require a single high compression ratio boost under low-pressure source conditions, while this solution decomposes the total compression ratio into multiple compression stages through three-stage progressive boosting.

[0084] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application effectively controls the temperature rise of high-pressure hydrogen during the pressurization process, avoiding temperature overshoots caused by excessive single-stage compression ratios. The compressor unit's operating mode can be switched based on the hydrogen source pressure, reducing the frequency of equipment starts and stops and extending the service life of key components. Hydrogen sources of different pressure levels can each obtain a matching pressurization path, ensuring that the output pressure meets the standard while optimizing energy efficiency.

[0085] In this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", and the like, are used as terms of convenience to describe orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the figures, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0086] In this document, the terms "comprise", "comprising", or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0087] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A boosting system suitable for various working conditions, characterized in that: include A hydrogen supply component, used to input hydrogen with different initial pressures into the booster component; The boosting component uses different boosting units to boost the hydrogen to the target pressure according to the initial pressure of the hydrogen, and then outputs high-pressure hydrogen.

2. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply assembly includes a first hydrogen supply unit and a second hydrogen supply unit; The first hydrogen supply unit is a tube bundle vehicle, on which a number of hydrogen storage bottles A0 for storing hydrogen are provided. The gas outlet ends of the hydrogen storage bottles A0 are connected to the booster assembly through the gas unloading column A1. The second hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen production device B0, the output end of the hydrogen production device B0 is connected to the buffer tank B1, and the gas outlet end of the buffer tank B1 is connected to the boosting component.

3. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage bottle A0 includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle. The initial pressure of hydrogen output by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is 5-20Mpa, the initial pressure of hydrogen output by the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is 3-5Mpa, and the initial pressure of hydrogen output by the hydrogen production equipment B0 is 1.6Mpa.

4. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boost assembly includes a first boost unit A6, a second boost unit A9 and a third boost unit A12; Among them, the first boost unit A6 is arranged at the air inlet end of the boost assembly, the third boost unit A12 is arranged at the air outlet end of the boost assembly, and the second boost unit A9 is arranged between the first boost unit A6 and the third boost unit A12.

5. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the boost assembly is provided with a first air inlet pipeline for connecting to the first hydrogen supply unit and a second air inlet pipeline for connecting to the second hydrogen supply unit. A first air inlet valve A2 is provided on the first air inlet pipeline, and a second air inlet valve B2 and a first check valve B3 are provided on the second air inlet pipeline.

6. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boost assembly includes a first boost pipeline C1, a second boost pipeline C2 and a third boost pipeline C3; The first boosting pipeline C1 is sequentially provided with a first boosting unit A6, a second boosting unit A9 and a third boosting unit A12; the air inlet end of the second boosting pipeline C2 is arranged at the front end of the first boosting unit A6, and the air outlet end of the second boosting pipeline C2 is arranged between the first boosting unit A6 and the second boosting unit A9; the air inlet end of the third boosting pipeline C3 is arranged at the front end of the first boosting unit A6, and the air outlet end of the third boosting pipeline C3 is arranged between the second boosting pipeline C2 and the third boosting pipeline C3.

7. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first supercharging pipeline C1 is provided with a third intake valve A5, a second check valve A7 and a third check valve A10. The third intake valve A5 is provided at the front end of the first supercharging unit A6, the second check valve A7 is provided between the first supercharging unit A6 and the second supercharging unit A9, and the third check valve A10 is provided at the rear end of the third supercharging unit A12. The second boost pipe C2 is provided with a fourth intake valve A4 and a fourth check valve A8; The third boosting pipeline C3 is provided with a fifth intake valve A3 and a fifth check valve A11.

8. The boosting system for various working conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: An outlet valve A13 is provided on the rear end pipeline of the third supercharging unit A12, and a return pipeline C4 is provided at the front end of the outlet valve A13. The air inlet end of the return pipeline C4 is located between the third supercharging unit A12 and the outlet valve A13, and the air outlet end of the return pipeline C4 extends to the front end of the first supercharging unit A6; A shut-off valve A14, a pressure reducing valve A15, a regulating valve A16 and a sixth check valve A17 are sequentially provided on the return line C4.

9. A supercharging method applicable to various working conditions, comprising a supercharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. When the hydrogen source is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 5-20 MPa, open the first air inlet valve A2, the fifth air inlet valve A3, and the air outlet valve A13, close the fourth air inlet valve A4 and the third air inlet valve A5, and the hydrogen enters the boosting assembly through the unloading column A1 and enters the third boosting unit A12 through the third boosting pipeline C3. After being boosted to the target pressure, the high-pressure hydrogen is output downstream; S2. When the hydrogen source is a medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 3-5 MPa, open the first air inlet valve A2, the fourth air inlet valve A4, and the air outlet valve A13, and close the fourth air inlet valve A4 and the third air inlet valve A5. The hydrogen enters the boosting assembly through the unloading column A1, and enters the second boosting unit A9 and the third boosting unit A12 through the second boosting pipeline C2. After being boosted to the target pressure, the high-pressure hydrogen is output downstream; S3. When the hydrogen source is the hydrogen production equipment B0 and the initial pressure of the output hydrogen is 1.6Mpa, open the second air inlet valve B2, the third air inlet valve A5 and the air outlet valve A13, close the fifth air inlet valve A3 and the fourth air inlet valve A4, and the hydrogen enters the boosting assembly through the buffer tank B1, and enters the first boosting unit A6, the second boosting unit A9 and the third boosting unit A12 through the first boosting pipeline C1, and is boosted to the target pressure in turn, and then the high-pressure hydrogen is output downstream.

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