Indoor natural lighting system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of natural lighting, in particular to an indoor natural lighting system which comprises a paraboloid condensation module, an optical fiber coupling module, an astigmatism safety module and a tracking control module. The paraboloid condensation module collects sunlight through a split type silver-plated mirror surface, the optical fiber coupling module efficiently transmits light energy into a room through a gradual change refractive index lens, and the light diffusion safety module achieves uniform light diffusion and safety protection through a diffusion plate and a semiconductor chilling plate. The tracking control module combines a four-quadrant sensor and an astronomical algorithm to adjust the angle in real time. The problem of insufficient natural lighting of low-rise houses of old communities can be effectively solved, meanwhile, energy loss and potential safety hazards are reduced, and the stability and practicability of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building energy conservation and optical application, and specifically relates to an indoor natural lighting system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, a large number of houses built at the turn of the century exist in major Chinese cities. Given the current abundance of existing and newly constructed housing, these houses are not yet suitable for demolition. However, due to their proximity to city centers, schools, and other areas, they still hold high residential value. These houses generally have low ceilings (most below 2.8 meters) and older floor plans, resulting in poor natural lighting and reliance on artificial lighting during the day. This situation not only wastes energy but can also negatively impact occupants' eyesight and overall health due to the lack of natural light.

[0003] However, existing technologies for addressing natural lighting issues in low-rise buildings in older residential communities primarily focus on retrofitting traditional windows or using simple light pipes, failing to fully consider the practical needs of floor height restrictions and complex apartment layouts. Furthermore, in practice, existing solutions have limitations in terms of sunlight collection efficiency and transmission security, making it difficult to balance system stability and lighting quality.

[0004] Natural lighting is also a crucial component of building energy conservation, and fully utilizing it can significantly reduce building energy consumption. However, in older buildings with low ceilings and deep interiors, natural light far from windows is often insufficient, making it difficult to meet the lighting needs of daily activities. Currently, there are no efficient natural lighting solutions specifically designed for these building characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an indoor natural lighting system based on optical guidance, which collects outdoor sunlight and transmits it efficiently deep into the room, thereby improving the problem of insufficient natural lighting in low-rise buildings in old communities due to structural limitations.

[0006] The above-mentioned objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solution: an indoor natural lighting system based on optical guidance, comprising a parabolic concentrator module, a fiber coupling module, a light-scattering safety module, and a tracking control module. The parabolic concentrator module is mounted on the exterior wall of a building facing the sun. The fiber coupling module is fixed to the parabolic concentrator module via a threaded connection. The light-scattering safety module is located indoors near the ceiling and connected to the fiber coupling module via a flexible fiber optic bundle. The tracking control module is mounted on the bottom bracket of the parabolic concentrator module and connected to the parabolic concentrator module's drive mechanism via a signal line. The characteristics are as follows: the parabolic focusing module uses sliced ​​silver-coated glass mirrors to form a composite reflective layer, and the tilt angle error of each mirror is controlled within 0.05°, forming a shallow focal length (f / D=0.6-0.8) to reduce energy density; the fiber coupling module sets a gradient refractive index lens at the focal position, which diffuses the spot diameter from 5mm to 8mm before inputting the optical fiber; the astigmatism safety module integrates a semiconductor refrigeration plate and a diffuser plate, and adjusts the temperature in real time through a PID algorithm; the tracking control module uses a four-quadrant photoelectric sensor as the main mode, combined with the EPHEMERIS astronomical algorithm as the backup mode, to achieve dual-axis tracking.

[0007] In this invention, a microprism array measuring 0.5mm x 0.5mm is installed at the edge of the reflective surface of the parabolic concentrator module. This array scatters 10%-15% of the incident light into the non-focal area, creating a mixed "cold-hot" spot. This design effectively reduces the energy density in the focal area, preventing high temperatures from damaging system components.

[0008] In this invention, the fiber coupling module uses a seven-core quartz fiber bundle with a single core diameter of 1.5mm, a cladding thickness of 50μm, and a total transmittance greater than 85% (400-1500nm band). The fiber end faces are coated with an anti-reflection coating with a reflectivity of less than 0.5%, ensuring efficient light transmission to the indoor terminal.

[0009] In this invention, the light-scattering safety module integrates a semiconductor cooling chip and a diffuser plate at the end of the optical fiber. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the module increases the cooling power to reduce the temperature. When the temperature exceeds 70°C, the protective cover automatically closes to 50% and triggers an LED light or buzzer alarm signal. This design can protect the safety of system components in extreme situations.

[0010] In this invention, the tracking control module calculates the solar altitude and azimuth at different times based on the sun's motion patterns, the building's location's longitude and latitude, and time parameters. When the light intensity falls below 100 W / m² or the wind speed exceeds 15 m / s, the concentrator shield flips 180° to a protective position. This design adapts to complex weather conditions and ensures stable system operation.

[0011] In this invention, the parabolic concentrating module's reflective surface is constructed from multiple silver-coated glass mirrors. Elastic sealing strips connect each mirror to ensure uniform gaps and a good seal. The back of the mirror is secured to an aluminum alloy frame, which is connected to the wall with expansion bolts to ensure overall structural stability.

[0012] In this invention, the fiber coupling module's gradient-index lens has a diameter of 10 mm and a numerical aperture of 0.6. A precision alignment device is used to connect the lens to the fiber bundle, ensuring that the center of the light spot is aligned with the fiber inlet. The other end of the fiber bundle connects to the astigmatism safety module via a snap-on interface, facilitating disassembly and maintenance.

[0013] In this invention, the diffuser plate of the light-scattering safety module is coated with an anti-glare coating with a thickness of 20 μm, which evenly distributes the light energy transmitted by the optical fiber into the indoor space. The diffuser plate is fixed to the module housing with spring clips on all sides, making it easy to replace and clean.

[0014] In this invention, the tracking control module's four-quadrant photoelectric sensor is mounted near the focal point of the parabolic focusing module, and a signal line connects the sensor to the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism uses a stepper motor, which adjusts the angle of the parabolic focusing module through gear transmission, with an angular resolution of up to 0.1°.

[0015] The natural lighting system of this invention utilizes a parabolic concentrator module to collect sunlight, efficiently transmits this light energy to the indoor terminal through a fiber optic coupling module, and then evenly distributes the light energy throughout the interior space through a light diffusion safety module. A tracking control module adjusts the angle of the parabolic concentrator module in real time based on the sun's position to maximize light collection efficiency. This design fully utilizes the natural characteristics of sunlight, addressing the problem of insufficient natural lighting in low-rise buildings in older residential areas due to structural limitations, while also avoiding the energy loss and safety hazards associated with traditional light pipe systems during transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the overall system of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is the working principle block diagram of the tracking control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention provides an indoor natural lighting system based on optical guidance. Figure 1 To the attached Figure 2 The overall system consists of a parabolic focusing module, a fiber coupling module, a scattered light safety module, and a tracking control module. The modules work together through mechanical connections, signal transmission, and light energy transfer.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the parabolic concentrating module is installed on the exterior wall of a building facing the sun. Its bottom bracket is fixed to the wall with expansion bolts to ensure overall structural stability. The reflective surface of the parabolic concentrating module is composed of multiple silver-coated glass mirrors. Elastic sealing strips are used to connect each silver-coated glass mirror to ensure uniform gaps and a good seal. The back of the silver-coated glass mirror is fixed to an aluminum alloy frame, and the frame is fixed to the wall with expansion bolts to prevent loosening or displacement caused by wind or other external forces. The edge of the silver-coated glass mirror is equipped with a microprism array. The microprism array measures 0.5mm x 0.5mm and is used to scatter 10%-15% of the incident light into the non-focal area, forming a mixed cold-hot spot, thereby reducing the energy density in the focal area. The tilt angle error of each silver-coated glass mirror is controlled within 0.05° to ensure that the reflected light is accurately focused at the focal point of the parabolic concentrating module. The shallow focal length design (f / D=0.6-0.8) of the parabolic concentrating module further reduces the energy density and avoids damage to system components caused by high temperature.

[0020] The fiber coupling module is threaded to the focal point of the parabolic focusing module. A gradient-index lens (GRI) with a diameter of 10 mm and a numerical aperture of 0.6 is installed within the module to diffuse the light spot from 5 mm to 8 mm before inputting into the fiber bundle. A precision alignment mechanism is used between the GRI lens and the fiber bundle to ensure alignment of the center of the light spot with the fiber inlet, minimizing light loss. The fiber bundle utilizes a seven-core quartz fiber bundle with a single core diameter of 1.5 mm and a cladding thickness of 50 μm. The total transmittance exceeds 85% (400-1500 nm). The fiber endfaces are anti-reflection coated, resulting in a reflectivity of less than 0.5%, ensuring efficient transmission of light to the indoor end. The other end of the fiber bundle connects to the diffuser safety module via a snap-on connector, facilitating removal and maintenance.

[0021] The light-scattering safety module is installed near the ceiling of the room and integrates a semiconductor cooling element and a diffuser. The diffuser is sprayed with a 20μm anti-glare coating to evenly distribute the light energy transmitted by the optical fiber throughout the room. The diffuser is secured to the module housing with spring clips on all sides, making it easy to replace and clean. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the semiconductor cooling element increases its cooling power to reduce the temperature. When the temperature exceeds 70°C, the protective cover automatically closes to 50% and triggers an LED light or buzzer alarm signal. This design protects the safety of system components in extreme situations.

[0022] The tracking control module is installed on the bottom support of the parabolic light focusing module, and its core components include a four-quadrant photoelectric sensor and a driving mechanism. The four-quadrant photoelectric sensor is installed near the focal point of the parabolic light focusing module, and is used to monitor the position change of sunlight in real time. The sensor 12 is connected with the driving mechanism through a signal line. The driving mechanism adopts a stepping motor, adjusts the angle of the parabolic light focusing module through gear transmission, and the angle resolution can reach 0.1°. When the light intensity is lower than 100 W / m 2 When the light intensity is lower than 100 W / m

[0023] In actual application, the parabolic light focusing module collects sunlight and reflects it to the focal point position, the optical fiber coupling module couples the light energy to the optical fiber bundle through the graded refractive index lens, and the optical fiber bundle transmits the light energy to the light diffusion safety module. The light diffusion safety module uniformly distributes the light energy to the indoor space through the diffusion plate, and ensures the safety of the system under high temperature conditions through the semiconductor refrigeration sheet and the protective cover. The tracking control module adjusts the angle of the parabolic light focusing module in real time according to the signal of the four-quadrant photoelectric sensor, so as to maximize the light energy collection efficiency. When the weather condition is bad, the tracking control module switches to the EPHEMERIS astronomical algorithm mode, calculates the position of the sun according to the latitude and longitude of the building site and the time parameter, and ensures the continuous operation of the system.

[0024] The above embodiment fully demonstrates the specific structure and operation principle of the present application, and the connection relationship, position relationship and mutual cooperation relationship between the modules are described in detail, so that the person skilled in the art can implement the technical scheme according to the content of the specification.

[0025] In order to better enable the relevant personnel in the technical field to fully understand and implement the present application, the specific implementation principle of the present application is supplemented as follows in combination with a specific application scenario.

[0026] First of all, when installing parabolic concentrating modules on the exterior walls of low-rise houses in old communities, it is necessary to ensure that the wall facing the sun has sufficient lighting area. The bottom bracket of the parabolic concentrating module is fixed to the wall with expansion bolts to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The elastic sealing strips between the silver-coated glass mirrors need to be evenly distributed to avoid gap changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction. The tilt angle error of each silver-coated glass mirror is controlled within 0.05°. This accuracy is achieved through special calibration tools to ensure that the reflected light can be accurately focused to the focal position of the parabolic concentrating module. The design of the microprism array causes part of the incident light to be scattered to the non-focal area, thereby forming a cold-hot zone mixed light spot. This design effectively reduces the energy density in the focal area and avoids the possible damage to the system components caused by high temperature.

[0027] The fiber coupling module is then threaded into place at the focal point of the parabolic focusing module. The gradient index lens has a diameter of 10 mm and a numerical aperture of 0.6. A precision alignment mechanism ensures that the center of the light spot is perfectly aligned with the entrance of the fiber bundle. The light spot expands from 5 mm to 8 mm before entering the fiber bundle. This process reduces energy loss due to spot deviation. The fiber bundle utilizes a 7-core quartz fiber bundle with a single core diameter of 1.5 mm and a cladding thickness of 50 μm. The total transmittance exceeds 85% (400-1500 nm). The fiber endfaces are coated with an anti-reflection coating, resulting in a reflectivity of less than 0.5%, further improving light transmission efficiency. The other end of the fiber bundle connects to the diffuser safety module via a snap-on connector, facilitating subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0028] The light-scattering safety module, installed near the ceiling, integrates a semiconductor cooler and a diffuser. The diffuser, coated with a 20μm-thick anti-glare coating, evenly distributes optical fiber-transmitted light throughout the room. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the semiconductor cooler increases its cooling power to reduce the temperature. When the temperature exceeds 70°C, the protective cover automatically closes to 50% and triggers an LED light or buzzer alarm. This design not only ensures system safety but also protects system components from heat damage in extreme situations.

[0029] The tracking control module is installed on the bottom bracket of the parabolic concentrator module, and its core components include a four-quadrant photoelectric sensor and a drive mechanism. The four-quadrant photoelectric sensor is installed near the focus of the parabolic concentrator module and is used to monitor the position changes of sunlight in real time. The sensor 12 is connected to the drive mechanism through a signal line. The drive mechanism adopts a stepper motor and adjusts the angle of the parabolic concentrator module through gear transmission. The angular resolution can reach 0.1°. When the light intensity is lower than 100W / m² or the wind speed is higher than 15m / s, the concentrator protective cover flips 180° to enter a protective posture. In addition, the tracking control module combines the EPHEMERIS astronomical algorithm as a backup mode to calculate the solar altitude and azimuth at different times according to the longitude and latitude of the building's location and time parameters to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0030] In actual applications, the parabolic concentrator module collects sunlight and reflects it to a focal point, while the fiber coupling module efficiently couples light energy into the fiber bundle through a gradient refractive index lens. The fiber bundle transmits the light energy to the astigmatism safety module, and the diffuser evenly distributes the light energy into the indoor space. At the same time, the semiconductor cooling plate and protective cover ensure the safety of the system under high temperature conditions. The tracking control module adjusts the angle of the parabolic concentrator module in real time based on the signals from the four-quadrant photoelectric sensor to ensure maximum light energy collection efficiency. When weather conditions are severe, the tracking control module switches to the EPHEMERIS astronomical algorithm mode, combining the longitude and latitude of the building's location and time parameters to calculate the sun's position to ensure the continuous operation of the system.

[0031] The above steps fully demonstrate the implementation principle of the present invention in a specific application scenario. The connection relationship, positional relationship and mutual coordination relationship between the modules are described in detail to ensure that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solution according to the contents of the specification. The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the existing technology well known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical appliance are not specifically limited, and conventional equipment can be used. In this technical solution, the electrical control components not mentioned are not shown in the figure because they belong to the existing technology, and they are not described here.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor natural lighting system, comprising a parabolic focusing module, a fiber coupling module, a scattered light safety module, and a tracking control module, characterized in that: The parabolic focusing module is installed on the outer wall of the building. The fiber coupling module is fixed to the parabolic focusing module through threaded connection. The scattered light safety module is set near the ceiling indoors and connected to the fiber coupling module through a flexible fiber optic bundle. The tracking control module is installed on the bottom bracket of the parabolic focusing module and is connected to the drive mechanism through a signal line.

2. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parabolic focusing module uses a sliced ​​silver-coated glass mirror to form a composite reflective layer. The tilt angle error of each silver-coated glass mirror is controlled within 0.05°, and the focal length to diameter ratio of the shallow focal length design is 0.6 to 0.

8.

3. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber coupling module is provided with a gradient refractive index lens at the focal position, and the gradient refractive index lens diffuses the light spot diameter from 5 mm to 8 mm before inputting the light spot into the optical fiber bundle.

4. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The astigmatism safety module integrates a semiconductor refrigeration plate and a diffusion plate. When the temperature reaches 60°C, the refrigeration power is enhanced to perform cooling treatment. When the temperature reaches 70°C, the protective cover automatically closes to 50% opening and triggers an alarm signal.

5. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracking control module uses a four-quadrant photoelectric sensor as a main mode and combines it with the EPHEMERIS astronomical algorithm as a backup mode to achieve dual-axis tracking.

6. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A microprism array with a size of 0.5 mm×0.5 mm is set in the edge area of ​​the reflective surface of the parabolic focusing module to scatter 10% to 15% of the incident light to the non-focal area.

7. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fiber coupling module uses a 7-core quartz fiber bundle with a single core diameter of 1.5 mm, a cladding thickness of 50 microns, and a total light transmittance greater than 85%.

8. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end face of the optical fiber bundle is coated with an anti-reflection film with a reflectivity of less than 0.5%. The other end of the optical fiber bundle is connected to the scattered light safety module through a snap-on interface.

9. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the diffusion plate of the astigmatism safety module is sprayed with an anti-glare coating with a thickness of 20 microns, and the diffusion plate is fixed in the module housing by spring buckles on all sides.

10. The indoor natural lighting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism adopts a stepping motor, and adjusts the angle of the parabola focusing module through gear transmission, and the angle resolution can reach 0.1°.

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