Vacuum arc furnace for titanium ingot smelting

Abstract

This invention proposes a vacuum arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots, relating to the field of vacuum arc furnace technology. It includes an outer frame mounted on the ground, with an inner frame slidably mounted in the middle of the outer frame. A hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top of the inner frame via an insulating plate, and a sealing cover is fixed to the bottom of the inner frame. A conductive material rod is fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder. The outer surface of the conductive material rod is electrically connected to the cathode of the melting power source, and the bottom end of the conductive material rod extends into the interior of the sealing cover. This vacuum arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots, through the conductive material rod, facilitates the clamping of the titanium ingot and ensures effective electrical connection between the conductive material rod and the titanium ingot. Furthermore, it facilitates the removal of a small section of residual material from the bottom end of the conductive material rod after the titanium ingot has melted, thereby improving the melting quality of the titanium ingot and the convenience of the melting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vacuum electric arc furnace technology, specifically a vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots. Background Technology

[0002] An electric arc furnace uses the high temperature generated by an electric arc between electrodes to melt metals. It consumes a lot of electricity during operation, and the energy is highly concentrated when an electric arc is formed between the two electrodes. The arc temperature can be above 3000℃, and it is often used to melt metals with high melting points.

[0003] Because titanium is a chemically reactive metal at high temperatures, a vacuum arc furnace is often used to smelt titanium ingots to maintain its purity. A vacuum arc furnace uses a small-diameter titanium column as a consumable electrode, electrically connected to the cathode of the smelting power source. The titanium column, as the smelting material, is placed in a vacuum-sealed copper crucible. The copper crucible is electrically connected to the anode of the smelting power source. When the power source is turned on, an electric arc is formed between the bottom of the titanium column and the inner bottom wall of the copper crucible, continuously melting the bottom of the titanium column. Simultaneously, the molten titanium drips into the water-cooled copper crucible, solidifying into larger diameter titanium ingots for processing larger titanium parts. Furthermore, during smelting, the titanium column continuously descends to maintain a suitable arc-starting gap between the bottom of the titanium column and the molten titanium.

[0004] Based on the above, since the titanium column (consumable electrode) needs to have lifting and lowering capabilities during melting and needs to maintain a good electrical connection with the cathode of the melting power source, the current vacuum consumable arc furnaces generally weld the titanium column to the bottom of the conductive lifting rod (material rod). As a result, after the titanium column is melted, the small piece of tail material remaining after melting is difficult to remove because it is welded to the bottom of the conductive lifting rod. It needs to be cut and polished before the next melting operation can be carried out, which is cumbersome. In existing technologies, T-shaped inserts and clamps are used to achieve a fixed electrical connection between the titanium column and the conductive lifting rod (see the technical solution disclosed in patent CN119737764A). In use, the T-shaped insert is first welded to the top of the titanium column, and then the top of the T-shaped insert is snapped into the clamp. However, this solution still requires welding and it is difficult to ensure the contact effect between the top of the T-shaped insert and the clamp, resulting in high contact resistance, poor electrical connection, and affecting the melting quality. Furthermore, during melting, the extremely large melting current will cause a large temperature accumulation between the T-shaped insert and the clamp, which can easily lead to contact welding. It is also difficult to remove the remaining titanium column tail material.

[0005] Furthermore, due to the high melting point of titanium, the temperature inside the copper crucible during smelting reaches thousands of degrees Celsius, far exceeding the heat resistance temperature of springs in current technology. Therefore, springs cannot be used in the clamping mechanism between the T-shaped insert and the clamp seat. Because the temperature is too high, the heat resistance temperature of hydraulic oil is limited, making it difficult to use hydraulic components for clamping and fixing. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned "fixing problem and electrical connection problem between the titanium column and the conductive lifting rod, which makes it difficult to remove the remaining titanium column", improvements to the vacuum electric arc furnace are still needed.

[0006] Therefore, a vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots is proposed here. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots. It uses a conductive material rod to facilitate the clamping of the titanium column and ensure the electrical connection between the conductive material rod and the titanium column. In addition, it also facilitates the removal of the remaining small section of tail material after the titanium column has been melted from the bottom of the conductive material rod.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots, comprising an outer frame installed on the ground, an inner frame slidably installed in the middle of the outer frame, and a hydraulic component providing power between the inner frame and the outer frame, so that the inner frame can slide up and down in the middle of the outer frame. This can be implemented in conjunction with conventional technology.

[0009] A hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top of the inner frame via an insulating plate, and a sealing cover is fixed to the bottom of the inner frame. A conductive rod is fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder. The outer surface of the conductive rod is electrically connected to the cathode of the smelting power source, and the bottom end of the conductive rod extends into the interior of the sealing cover.

[0010] A cooling and sealing assembly is provided between the outer surface of the conductive rod and the top of the sealing cover.

[0011] Specifically, the cooling and sealing assembly includes a water-cooling sleeve and a sealing sleeve that are slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the conductive material rod. The sealing sleeve is fixed to the upper surface of the water-cooling sleeve, and the water-cooling sleeve is fixed to the top surface of the sealing cover by a heat-insulating block.

[0012] A cleaning ring is also installed inside the sealing sleeve, and the cleaning ring is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the conductive material rod.

[0013] It also includes a platform cylinder fixed to the ground, one end of the inner frame is rotatably mounted on the top of the platform cylinder, and the other end of the inner frame is equipped with a set of pulleys, which are driven by a motor.

[0014] It also includes an anode contact seat that is slidably installed on the ground and a copper crucible installed under the ground. The anode contact seat is electrically connected to the anode of the smelting power source. The anode contact seat is used to seal the sealing cover and the copper crucible and to connect the copper crucible to the anode of the smelting power source. The middle part of the sealing cover is also fixedly connected to a negative pressure pipe for vacuuming, which is connected to an external vacuuming device.

[0015] The conductive rod serves as a conductive rod and is electrically connected to the cathode of the smelting power source. The bottom of the conductive rod can hold a titanium pillar. A sliding hole is provided in the middle of the conductive rod, and the sliding hole extends to the bottom end face of the conductive rod. A sliding cylinder is slidably arranged inside the sliding hole, and a sliding rod is slidably arranged inside the sliding cylinder. A compression spring is fixed between the top end of the sliding rod and the inner top wall of the sliding cylinder. A limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sliding hole. A graphite block is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sliding hole. Multiple solder melting holes for inserting solder bars are provided on the bottom surface of the graphite block. The bottom end of the sliding rod extends to the bottom of the sliding cylinder, slides and engages in the limiting groove, and is fixedly installed on the graphite block.

[0016] The sliding hole, sliding cylinder, and sliding rod are connected by sliding keys and sliding keyways to prevent mutual rotation.

[0017] The bottom end of the conductive rod has multiple slots arranged in a circular array around its axis. A counterweight ring is slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the bottom end of the conductive rod. Multiple stopper pieces corresponding to the positions of the slots are fixed at the bottom end of the counterweight ring, and a material removal hole corresponding to the position of the slot is opened in the middle of the stopper piece. An extrusion rod is slidably arranged inside each slot. The ends of the multiple extrusion rods that are close to each other are hinged to the bottom end of the slide cylinder, and the ends of the multiple extrusion rods that are far apart from each other pass through the material removal hole and are hinged to a clamping rod. The middle part of the clamping rod is hinged to the outer surface of the bottom end of the conductive rod, and the top of the clamping rod is inclined on the side closest to the conductive rod. A tungsten carbide chuck is fixed at the bottom end of the clamping rod.

[0018] A piston block is slidably mounted on the top of the sliding hole, forming a hydraulic chamber between the piston block and the top of the sliding hole. The hydraulic chamber is connected to an external hydraulic mechanism through a hydraulic pipe. A piston rod is fixed to the bottom of the piston block, and a push-pull block for squeezing the sliding cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the piston rod.

[0019] The bottom of the conductive rod has multiple rectangular grooves, and the outer surface of the sliding cylinder has multiple sliding grooves corresponding to the positions of the rectangular grooves. A connecting plate is slidably disposed inside each rectangular groove. The ends of the multiple connecting plates that are close to each other are slidably disposed inside the sliding groove, and the ends of the multiple connecting plates that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the counterweight ring.

[0020] Each of the slide grooves has a sliding strip slidably installed inside. The bottom ends of the multiple sliding strips are respectively fixed to multiple connecting plates. The top ends of the multiple sliding strips extend to the top of the slide cylinder and are jointly fixed with a sliding ring. The sliding ring is located above the push-pull block. A fixing ring is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the slide hole, and a spring is fixed between the fixing ring and the sliding ring.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, this vacuum electric arc furnace for titanium ingot melting and forming has the following advantages:

[0022] I. This invention utilizes a conductive rod. Within the structure of the conductive rod, hydraulic oil is pumped into the hydraulic chamber formed between the piston block and the top of the sliding hole via an external hydraulic mechanism and hydraulic pipe. This causes the piston block, piston rod, and push-pull block to move downwards together. The push-pull block then presses down on the sliding cylinder. As the sliding cylinder moves downwards, the pressing rod presses outwards on the top of the clamping rod, causing the bottom ends of multiple clamping rods to move towards the titanium pillar. Tungsten carbide clamps then press and clamp the outer surface of the titanium pillar, thus securing the top of the titanium pillar to the bottom of the conductive rod. Simultaneously, multiple stopper pieces slide downwards under gravity and are tightly locked between the clamping rod and the outer surface of the bottom of the conductive rod, maintaining the clamping rod's position on the titanium pillar. The clamping of the titanium column top allows the external hydraulic mechanism to stop operating, preventing damage from prolonged load. Simultaneously, the downward movement of the slide cylinder compresses the spring, which in turn presses down on the slide rod and graphite block, ensuring the bottom surface of the graphite block is in close contact with the top surface of the titanium column. This creates a strong electrical connection between the conductive rod, graphite block, and titanium column. Furthermore, during the titanium column melting process, the bottom of the conductive rod is located inside a copper crucible at temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees Celsius. Inserting tin bars into the molten tin hole melts the tin bars, reducing the contact resistance between the graphite block and the titanium column, further enhancing the electrical connection between them. In summary, this improves the melting quality and ease of the titanium ingot melting process.

[0023] II. This invention utilizes a conductive rod. After the smelting operation is completed, a small section of the remaining material after the titanium column has melted is held at the bottom of the conductive rod. Within the structure of the conductive rod, an external hydraulic mechanism extracts hydraulic oil from the hydraulic chamber formed between the piston block and the top of the sliding hole, causing the piston block to move upward. This causes the push-pull block to pull the slip ring, slide bar, connecting plate, counterweight ring, and stopper upward until the stopper is no longer tightly stuck between the clamping rod and the outer surface of the bottom of the conductive rod, and the clamping rod is in a movable state. At this point, the tungsten carbide clamp at the bottom of the clamping rod exerts less pressure on the top of the titanium column, making it easier to remove the remaining small section of the titanium column after melting from the bottom of the conductive rod, further improving the convenience of the smelting operation.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention from a frontal view.

[0026] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the conductive rod in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the conductive rod in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the bottom of the conductive rod in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bottom of the conductive rod in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bottom of the conductive rod in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the conductive rod structure in this invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the bottom of the conductive rod in this invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the conductive rod in this invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the clamping state of the conductive material rod on the titanium column in this invention.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1. External frame; 2. Internal frame; 3. Hydraulic cylinder;

[0038] 4. Conductive material rod;

[0039] 41. Sliding hole; 4101. Limiting groove;

[0040] 42. Slide cylinder; 43. Slide rod; 44. Compression spring;

[0041] 45. Graphite block; 451. Solder fusion hole;

[0042] 46. ​​Bar hole; 47. Counterweight ring; 48. Plug; 49. Discharge hole; 410. Extrusion rod;

[0043] 411, clamping bar; 4111, tungsten carbide chuck;

[0044] 412. Rectangular groove; 413. Slide groove; 414. Connecting plate; 415. Slide bar; 416. Slip ring; 417. Fixed ring; 418. Spring; 419. Piston block; 420. Piston rod; 421. Push-pull block; 422. Hydraulic pipe;

[0045] 5. Sealing cover; 6. Platform cylinder; 7. Pulley; 8. Anode terminal; 9. Copper crucible; 10. Negative pressure pipe; 11. Water cooling sleeve; 12. Sealing sleeve; 13. Heat insulation block; 14. Cleaning ring; 15. Titanium column. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 11 The present invention provides the following implementation scheme: a vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots, including an outer frame 1 set on the ground, an inner frame 2 slidably arranged in the middle of the outer frame 1, the inner frame 2 and the outer frame 1 are powered by a hydraulic component, so that the inner frame 2 can slide up and down in the middle of the outer frame 1. This can be implemented in combination with conventional technology.

[0048] A hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed to the top of the inner frame 2 by an insulating plate, and a sealing cover 5 is fixed to the bottom of the inner frame 2. A conductive material rod 4 is fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 3. The outer surface of the conductive material rod 4 is electrically connected to the cathode of the smelting power source, and the bottom end of the conductive material rod 4 extends into the interior of the sealing cover 5.

[0049] A cooling and sealing assembly is provided between the outer surface of the conductive rod 4 and the top of the sealing cover 5.

[0050] Specifically, the cooling and sealing assembly includes a water-cooling sleeve 11 and a sealing sleeve 12 that are slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the conductive rod 4. The sealing sleeve 12 is fixed to the upper surface of the water-cooling sleeve 11, and the water-cooling sleeve 11 is fixed to the top surface of the sealing cover 5 by a heat-insulating block 13. This achieves a sliding seal between the outer surface of the conductive rod 4 and the sealing cover 5, while simultaneously cooling the conductive rod 4 through the water-cooling sleeve 11 to maintain a reasonable temperature for the section of the conductive rod 4 located above the sealing cover 5.

[0051] A cleaning ring 14 is also installed inside the sealing sleeve 12. The cleaning ring 14 is slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the conductive rod 4. It is used to clean the surface of the conductive rod 4 and ensure the sliding seal effect between the outer surface of the conductive rod 4 and the sealing cover 5.

[0052] It also includes a platform cylinder 6 fixed on the ground, one end of the inner frame 2 is rotatably mounted on the top of the platform cylinder 6, and the other end of the inner frame 2 is equipped with a set of pulleys 7, which are driven by a motor.

[0053] It also includes an anode contact 8 that is slidably installed on the ground and a copper crucible 9 installed under the ground. The anode contact 8 is electrically connected to the anode of the smelting power source. The anode contact 8 is used to seal the sealing cover 5 and the copper crucible 9 and to connect the copper crucible 9 to the anode of the smelting power source. The middle part of the sealing cover 5 is also fixedly connected to a negative pressure pipe 10 for vacuuming. The negative pressure pipe 10 is connected to an external vacuuming device.

[0054] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 1 and Figure 2In the above scheme, the outer frame 1 can be rotated around the platform cylinder 6 by the motor driving the pulley 7 to rotate. Before melting the titanium column 15, the outer frame 1 is first rotated around the platform cylinder 6 until the sealing cover 5 is no longer directly above the copper crucible 9. Then the inner frame 2 is moved upward, and at the same time, the conductive material rod 4 is driven to move upward synchronously by the hydraulic cylinder 3 until it rises to the specified height. Then the titanium column 15 to be melted is transferred to the bottom of the conductive material rod 4, and the top of the titanium column 15 is fixed to the bottom of the conductive material rod 4, and the conductive material rod 4 and the titanium column 15 are kept in good electrical connection. Then, the anode contact seat 8 is pushed directly above the copper crucible 9. Next, the outer frame 1 is rotated in the opposite direction around the platform 6 until the sealing cover 5, the conductive rod 4, and the titanium pillar 15 are all directly above the copper crucible 9. Then, the inner frame 2, the conductive rod 4, and the sealing cover 5 are lowered synchronously until the bottom of the sealing cover 5 presses against the top surface of the anode contact seat 8, and simultaneously, the bottom surface of the anode contact seat 8 presses against the top surface of the copper crucible 9. The copper crucible 9 is electrically connected to the anode of the smelting power source through the anode contact seat 8. The sealing cover 5, the anode contact seat 8, and the copper crucible 9 form a sealed cavity. Then, the height of the conductive rod 4 and the titanium pillar 15 is adjusted using the hydraulic cylinder 3 until a reasonable arc-shaped gap is formed between the bottom surface of the titanium pillar 15 and the inner bottom wall of the copper crucible 9. Finally, the air inside the sealing cover 5, the anode contact seat 8, and the copper crucible 9 is extracted through the negative pressure pipe 10. Then, the melting power supply is turned on, with the titanium column 15 acting as a consumable electrode (cathode) and the copper crucible 9 as the anode. This creates an electric arc between the bottom surface of the titanium column 15 and the inner bottom wall of the copper crucible 9, causing the bottom of the titanium column 15 to continuously melt. Simultaneously, the molten titanium drips into the copper crucible 9, which is cooled by a water-cooling mechanism, and solidifies into a larger diameter titanium ingot for processing larger titanium parts. Furthermore, during melting, the titanium column 15 continuously descends to maintain a suitable arc-starting gap between the bottom of the titanium column 15 and the molten titanium.

[0055] The above schemes and principles are all existing technical schemes and principles of vacuum electric arc furnaces. They can be implemented using conventional existing technologies, taking into account their relevant implementation spirit and objectives.

[0056] Please refer to this carefully. Figures 3 to 11 The conductive rod 4 serves as a conductive rod and is electrically connected to the cathode of the smelting power source, and the bottom of the conductive rod 4 can hold the titanium column 15. The titanium column 15 serves as a consumable electrode and forms an electrical circuit with the conductive rod 4, the cathode of the smelting power source, the anode of the smelting power source, and the copper crucible 9 during the smelting operation.

[0057] A sliding hole 41 is provided in the middle of the conductive rod 4, and the sliding hole 41 extends to the bottom end face of the conductive rod 4. A sliding cylinder 42 is slidably arranged inside the sliding hole 41, and a sliding rod 43 is slidably arranged inside the sliding cylinder 42. A compression spring 44 is fixed between the top end of the sliding rod 43 and the inner top wall of the sliding cylinder 42. A limiting groove 4101 is provided on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sliding hole 41. A graphite block 45 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sliding hole 41. A plurality of solder melting holes 451 for inserting solder bars are provided on the bottom surface of the graphite block 45. The bottom end of the sliding rod 43 extends to the bottom of the sliding cylinder 42 and is slidably engaged in the limiting groove 4101 and fixedly installed on the graphite block 45.

[0058] Among them, sliding keys and sliding keyways are provided between sliding holes 41, sliding cylinders 42 and sliding rods 43 to prevent mutual rotation.

[0059] The bottom end of the conductive material rod 4 has multiple slots 46 arranged in a circular array around its axis. A counterweight ring 47 is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the bottom end of the conductive material rod 4. Multiple stopper pieces 48 corresponding to the positions of the slots 46 are fixed at the bottom end of the counterweight ring 47. A material removal hole 49 corresponding to the position of the slot 46 is opened in the middle of the stopper piece 48. A pressing rod 410 is slidably arranged inside each slot 46. The ends of the multiple pressing rods 410 that are close to each other are hinged to the bottom end of the slide cylinder 42. The ends of the multiple pressing rods 410 that are far from each other pass through the material removal hole 49 and are hinged to a clamping rod 411. The middle part of the clamping rod 411 is hinged to the outer surface of the bottom end of the conductive material rod 4. The top side of the clamping rod 411 near the conductive material rod 4 is a slope. A tungsten steel chuck 4111 is fixed at the bottom end of the clamping rod 411.

[0060] A piston block 419 is slidably disposed on the top of the sliding hole 41, and a hydraulic chamber is formed between the piston block 419 and the top of the sliding hole 41. The hydraulic chamber is connected to an external hydraulic mechanism through a hydraulic pipe 422. A piston rod 420 is fixed at the bottom of the piston block 419, and a push-pull block 421 for squeezing the sliding cylinder 42 is fixed at the bottom of the piston rod 420.

[0061] The above-described structure is the specific configuration of the conductive rod 4, which is mainly used to clamp and fix the titanium column 15 and to establish a good electrical connection between the titanium column 15 and the conductive rod 4. The specific principle is as follows:

[0062] First, solder bars are inserted into the solder melting hole 451. Then, the top surface of the titanium pillar 15 is polished smooth and vertically positioned directly below the conductive rod 4. The conductive rod 4 is moved downward by the hydraulic cylinder 3 until its bottom surface presses against the top of the titanium pillar 15. Then, hydraulic oil is pumped into the hydraulic cavity formed between the piston block 419 and the top of the sliding hole 41 through the external hydraulic mechanism and hydraulic pipe 422, causing the piston block 419, piston rod 420, and push-pull block 421 to move downward together. The push-pull block 421 presses down on the sliding cylinder 42. When the sliding cylinder 42 moves downward, the top of the clamping rod 411 is pressed outward by the extrusion rod 410, so that the bottom ends of multiple clamping rods 411 move towards the titanium pillar 15. The tungsten steel chuck 4111 is used to extrude and clamp the outer surface of the titanium pillar 15, thus completing the clamping of the titanium pillar 15 and fixing the top of the titanium pillar 15 to the bottom of the conductive rod 4. At the same time, multiple insert plates... 48 slides downward under gravity and is tightly locked between the outer surface of the bottom of the clamping rod 411 and the conductive rod 4 to maintain the clamping state of the clamping rod 411 on the top of the titanium pillar 15. Then, the external hydraulic mechanism can be stopped to avoid damage to the external hydraulic mechanism due to long-term load. At the same time, as the slide cylinder 42 moves downward, it will squeeze the compression spring 44. The compression spring 44 squeezes the slide rod 43 and the graphite block 45 downward, so that the bottom surface of the graphite block 45 is in close contact with the top surface of the titanium pillar 15, so that a good electrical connection is formed between the conductive rod 4, the graphite block 45 and the titanium pillar 15. In addition, during the melting operation of the titanium pillar 15, since the bottom end of the conductive rod 4 is located in the copper crucible 9, the ambient temperature in the copper crucible 9 is as high as thousands of degrees Celsius, which can melt the tin bar in the tin melting hole 451, thereby reducing the contact resistance between the graphite block 45 and the titanium pillar 15, and further improving the electrical connection effect between the graphite block 45 and the top of the titanium pillar 15. In summary, this can improve the smelting quality of titanium ingots and the convenience of smelting operations.

[0063] It should be noted that in the above scheme, the reason why the top of the slide rod 43 extends to the top of the slide cylinder 42 and a compression spring 44 is set between its top and the inner top wall of the slide cylinder 42 is to prevent the compression spring 44 from losing its elasticity due to high temperature at the bottom of the conductive material rod 4. This is mainly because, with the current material technology, the heat resistance temperature of the compression spring 44 is only about 600 to 700 degrees Celsius, which cannot meet the requirements for use under high temperature conditions.

[0064] In addition, the tungsten carbide chuck 4111 is made of YG6 tungsten carbide, which has a Rockwell hardness of about 90HR, much higher than that of pure titanium and conventional titanium alloys. Therefore, under a certain clamping pressure, it can micro-cut into the titanium pillar 15 to ensure the clamping effect of the titanium pillar 15.

[0065] In addition, the graphite block 45, made of graphite material, has a melting point above 3,000 degrees Celsius. It has high conductivity and low hardness, which can form a sliding contact effect with low resistivity with the sliding hole 41. Under pressure, it can form a good contact effect with the top surface of the titanium pillar 15, so it can form a good electrical connection effect with the top surface of the titanium pillar 15. Moreover, after the solder bar melts, it can increase the electrical contact surface between the top surface of the titanium pillar 15 and the graphite block 45, and will not be fused into the molten solder hole 451. Furthermore, the solder paste after the solder bar melts will not flow out from the tiny gap between the graphite block 45 and the top surface of the copper crucible 9 under the action of its molecular tension.

[0066] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The bottom of the conductive rod 4 is provided with multiple rectangular grooves 412, and the rectangular grooves 412 are located above the slot 46. The outer surface of the slide cylinder 42 is provided with multiple sliding grooves 413 corresponding to the positions of the rectangular grooves 412. A connecting plate 414 is slidably arranged inside each rectangular groove 412. The ends of the multiple connecting plates 414 that are close to each other are slidably arranged inside the sliding groove 413, and the ends of the multiple connecting plates 414 that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the counterweight ring 47.

[0067] Each groove 413 has a sliding strip 415 slidably mounted inside. The bottom ends of multiple sliding strips 415 are fixed to multiple connecting plates 414. The top ends of multiple sliding strips 415 extend above the slide cylinder 42 and are jointly fixed to a sliding ring 416, which is located above the push-pull block 421. A fixing ring 417 is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the sliding hole 41, and a spring 418 is fixed between the fixing ring 417 and the sliding ring 416. The elastic force of the spring 418 maintains the downward pressure of the sliding ring 416, sliding strips 415, counterweight ring 47, and stopper 48, which helps to make the bottom end of the stopper 48 fit between the clamping rod 411 and the outer surface of the bottom of the conductive material rod 4.

[0068] In conjunction with the above technical solution, after the melting operation is completed, the remaining small section of tail material after the titanium column 15 is melted will still be clamped at the bottom end of the conductive material rod 4. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber formed between the piston block 419 and the top of the sliding hole 41 is extracted through the external hydraulic mechanism, causing the piston block 419 to move upward, causing the push-pull block 421 to pull the slip ring 416, the slide bar 415, the connecting plate 414, the counterweight ring 47 and the stopper plate 48 to move upward until the stopper plate 48 is no longer tightly stuck between the clamping rod 411 and the outer surface of the bottom of the conductive material rod 4, and the clamping rod 411 is in a movable state. At this time, the tungsten steel chuck 4111 at the bottom end of the clamping rod 411 exerts less pressure on the top end of the titanium column 15, which makes it easier to remove the remaining small section of tail material after the titanium column 15 is melted from the bottom end of the conductive material rod 4, so that the next feeding operation can be carried out quickly.

[0069] The working principle has been shown above. It should be noted that the auxiliary solutions and related supporting technologies required for this invention can all be implemented using conventional technologies in accordance with the spirit and purpose of this application.

[0070] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots, comprising an outer frame (1) mounted on the ground, an inner frame (2) slidably mounted in the middle of the outer frame (1), a hydraulic cylinder (3) fixed to the top of the inner frame (2) by an insulating plate, and a sealing cover (5) fixed to the bottom of the inner frame (2), characterized in that: The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixed with a conductive rod (4), and the bottom end of the conductive rod (4) extends into the interior of the sealing cover (5). The conductive rod (4) serves as a conductive rod and is electrically connected to the cathode of the smelting power source. The bottom of the conductive rod (4) can hold a titanium column. A sliding hole (41) is provided in the middle of the conductive rod (4). A sliding cylinder (42) is slidably arranged inside the sliding hole (41). A sliding rod (43) is slidably arranged inside the sliding cylinder (42). A compression spring (44) is fixed between the top of the sliding rod (43) and the inner top wall of the sliding cylinder (42). A limiting groove (4101) is provided on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sliding hole (41). A graphite block (45) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sliding hole (41). A plurality of molten solder holes (451) for inserting solder bars are provided on the bottom surface of the graphite block (45). The bottom end of the sliding rod (43) extends to the bottom of the sliding cylinder (42) and is slidably engaged in the limiting groove (4101) and fixedly installed on the graphite block (45). The bottom end of the conductive rod (4) is provided with a plurality of slots (46) arranged in a circular array about its axis. A counterweight ring (47) is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the bottom end of the conductive rod (4). A plurality of stopper pieces (48) corresponding to the positions of the slots (46) are fixed at the bottom end of the counterweight ring (47). The middle part of the stopper piece (48) is provided with a material removal hole (49) corresponding to the position of the slot (46). An extrusion rod is slidably arranged inside each slot (46). (410) The ends of multiple extrusion rods (410) that are close to each other are hinged to the bottom end of the slide cylinder (42). The ends of multiple extrusion rods (410) that are far from each other pass through the material discharge hole (49) and are hinged to a clamping rod (411). The middle part of the clamping rod (411) is hinged to the outer surface of the bottom end of the conductive material rod (4). The top of the clamping rod (411) is inclined on the side of the conductive material rod (4). The bottom end of the clamping rod (411) is fixed with a tungsten steel chuck (4111). A piston block (419) is slidably disposed on the top of the sliding hole (41). A hydraulic cavity is formed between the piston block (419) and the top of the sliding hole (41). The hydraulic cavity is connected to an external hydraulic mechanism through a hydraulic pipe (422). A piston rod (420) is fixed at the bottom of the piston block (419). A push-pull block (421) for squeezing the sliding cylinder (42) is fixed at the bottom of the piston rod (420).

2. The vacuum electric arc furnace for titanium ingot melting and forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the conductive rod (4) is provided with multiple rectangular grooves (412), and the outer surface of the slide cylinder (42) is provided with multiple slide grooves (413) corresponding to the positions of the rectangular grooves (412). Each rectangular groove (412) is slidably provided with a connecting plate (414). The ends of the multiple connecting plates (414) that are close to each other are slidably provided inside the slide grooves (413), and the ends of the multiple connecting plates (414) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the counterweight ring (47). Each of the slide grooves (413) has a slide bar (415) slidably disposed inside. The bottom ends of the multiple slide bars (415) are respectively fixed on multiple connecting plates (414). The top ends of the multiple slide bars (415) extend to the top of the slide cylinder (42) and are jointly fixed with a slip ring (416). The slip ring (416) is located above the push-pull block (421). A fixing ring (417) is fixed to the inner wall of the top end of the slide hole (41). A spring (418) is fixed between the fixing ring (417) and the slip ring (416).

3. The vacuum electric arc furnace for titanium ingot melting and forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling and sealing assembly is provided between the outer surface of the conductive rod (4) and the top of the sealing cover (5). The cooling and sealing assembly includes a water-cooling sleeve (11) and a sealing sleeve (12) that are slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the conductive rod (4). The sealing sleeve (12) is fixed on the upper surface of the water-cooling sleeve (11), and the water-cooling sleeve (11) is fixed on the top surface of the sealing cover (5) by a heat-insulating block (13).

4. A vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing sleeve (12) is also equipped with a cleaning ring (14), which is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the conductive rod (4).

5. A vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a platform (6) fixed on the ground, one end of the inner frame (2) is rotatably mounted on the top of the platform (6), and the other end of the inner frame (2) is equipped with a set of pulleys (7), which are driven by a motor.

6. A vacuum electric arc furnace for melting and forming titanium ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anode contact seat (8) that is slidably set on the ground and a copper crucible (9) set under the ground. The anode contact seat (8) is used to seal between the sealing cover (5) and the copper crucible (9) and to connect the copper crucible (9) to the anode of the smelting power source. The middle part of the sealing cover (5) is also fixedly connected to a negative pressure pipe (10) for vacuuming.

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