Device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period

Abstract

This invention relates to a device for in-situ ice column collection and automated layered cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period. During operation, a rotating drilling cylinder descends to cut the ice and extract ice columns. A lifting mechanism raises the ice columns to the cutting position, where a cutting mechanism automates the layered cutting of the ice columns using a cutting head. A transport mechanism delivers the cut ice samples to the detection position, and the detection mechanism obtains real-time physicochemical data of the ice samples through spraying and sensor analysis. This invention integrates four functional modules: drilling, cutting, transport, and detection. Through a fully in-situ operation, it avoids interference from sample transportation and laboratory processing, ensuring the originality and accuracy of the data. Automated operation reduces mechanical disturbance and manual intervention, preserves the original structural characteristics of the ice layer, and improves work efficiency and sampling consistency. This device provides reliable technical support for the scientific research of layered ice column collection during the surface water freezing period and the changes in the physicochemical properties of pollutants during the freezing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ice sampling technology, and in particular to a device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water. Background Technology

[0002] In cold regions, surface water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, and rivers experience freezing periods lasting several months each year. Collecting and stratifying ice columns during this freezing period is of significant scientific value for surface water research in cold regions. It not only allows for the determination of pollutant concentrations in different ice layers and the study of the migration, transformation, and accumulation mechanisms and patterns of pollutants during the freezing process of surface water, but also provides crucial data support for climate change research, analysis of ice layer physical properties, and monitoring of aquatic ecosystems. However, existing ice column collection techniques face numerous technical bottlenecks, severely hindering the in-depth development of related research.

[0003] Traditional methods for collecting ice cores primarily rely on manual or mechanical drilling equipment, such as thick-walled open-face samplers, cutting machines, and thermoplastic drill bits. These methods have significant limitations: thick-walled open-face samplers require the weight of the drill to press into the ice layer or a heavy hammer to drive the drill rod, necessitating multi-person operation and causing considerable physical disturbance to the ice layer. When the ice layer contains impurities such as gravel and angular fragments, the ice sample is easily broken or its structure distorted, failing to maintain the original state of the ice layer. While thermoplastic drill bits can effectively penetrate the ice layer, the heat generated during drilling causes localized melting of the ice layer, altering the physicochemical properties of the ice sample. Mechanical cutting machines often struggle to cut through thick ice sheets due to insufficient chainsaw blade length. For shallow ice bodies, researchers typically use simple tools such as ice picks and iron buckets to manually chisel away the ice. This method is not only physically demanding and limited in operational flexibility in extremely cold environments, but also prone to drill bit deviation or ice core breakage. Crucially, existing sampling equipment cannot perform in-situ stratification of ice cores. The collected ice cores must be transported to the laboratory before they can be manually cut and tested. This process is highly susceptible to environmental temperature changes during transportation, causing surface sublimation or melting, resulting in problems such as ice sample distortion and data deviation.

[0004] In the prior art, patent application CN113358408A discloses a multi-depth ice sampler for frozen rivers and lakes. This device uses a heating resistance wire to control the temperature of the outer cylinder of the sampling drum and achieves layered sampling through adjustable baffles and a multi-window design. Although this design can theoretically obtain multi-layered ice samples, it still has significant shortcomings: the heating element may cause localized melting of the ice layer, altering the original state of the ice sample; the entire sampling process requires manual operation of baffle adjustment and ice sample collection, which is complex and inefficient. This technology only solves the problem of on-site collection and fails to achieve in-situ, real-time detection of ice columns; the ice samples still need to be taken back to the laboratory for further processing and analysis.

[0005] A comprehensive analysis of existing technologies reveals the following key technical shortcomings in the current field of ice sampling during the surface water freezing period: First, most devices are single-function, focusing solely on mechanical ice-breaking sampling, lacking an integrated system solution encompassing sampling, cutting, and testing. Second, the ice sample processing procedure is cumbersome, requiring manual layering, cutting, and melting for testing after on-site sampling, hindering in-situ detection, interfering with the accuracy of ice sample analysis, and affecting the timeliness, representativeness, and reliability of the data. Third, existing devices are insufficiently adaptable to extremely cold environments or complex ice layer conditions, easily damaging the original ice structure. Finally, current technologies suffer from low automation, excessive reliance on manual operation, low efficiency, and difficulty in ensuring sampling consistency and repeatability. These technical bottlenecks severely restrict the depth and breadth of research on surface water ice during the freezing period, necessitating the development of an integrated device capable of complete sampling, in-situ cutting, and immediate detection to meet the research needs in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, so as to solve the technical problems existing in current ice sample collection technology, such as single device function, inability to perform in-situ layer-by-layer cutting and detection, and easy disturbance and damage to samples.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this invention can be achieved by the following solutions:

[0008] A device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection during the surface water freezing period includes:

[0009] An ice column drilling mechanism includes a drilling cylinder equipped with a cutter head. When the drilling cylinder rotates and descends, it drives the cutter head to cut the ice body to drill out ice columns. A lifting assembly is installed inside the drilling cylinder. The lifting assembly includes a friction wheel telescopic rod fixed on the drilling cylinder and a friction wheel rotatably mounted on the friction wheel telescopic rod and capable of contacting the ice column. When the friction wheel rotates, it can lift the ice column.

[0010] An icicle cutting mechanism is used to cut an icicle after it has been lifted. It includes a blade holder, a blade head motor that is slidably mounted on the blade holder, a blade head drive wheel driven by the blade head motor, and a cutting blade that is rotatably mounted on the blade head drive wheel. When the blade head motor moves, it drives the cutting blade to advance. When the blade head motor starts, it drives the cutting blade to perform the cutting action through the blade head drive wheel.

[0011] An ice sample transfer mechanism for transferring cut ice samples includes a rotating frame and a clamping telescopic rod fixed on the rotating frame for holding the ice sample.

[0012] The ice sample testing facility includes a water tank and a spray head connected to the water tank. Water from the water tank is sprayed onto the transported ice sample through the spray head, and the resulting leaching water flows into a container. The physicochemical properties of the leaching water are detected by a physicochemical index detection sensor.

[0013] Furthermore: the ice column drilling mechanism also includes a hot melt assembly, which includes a slide rail fixedly installed at the bottom of the drilling cylinder, two hot melt wire boxes slidably installed on the slide rail, a drive wheel and a heating wire disc rotatably installed inside the hot melt wire boxes, and a heating wire coiled on the heating wire disc. The drive wheel is driven to rotate by a drive wheel motor, and the heating wire disc is driven to rotate by a heating wire disc motor.

[0014] When the drive wheel rotates, it drives two hot fuse boxes to move in opposite directions along the slide rail. When the hot fuse boxes move in opposite directions, the heating wire disc rotates and releases the heating wire to melt and cut the bottom of the ice column.

[0015] Furthermore: the ice sample detection mechanism also includes a liquid pump connected to the water tank, which pumps water from the water tank to the spray head, and the container is equipped with a water outlet solenoid valve;

[0016] The water sprayed onto the ice sample first rinses the ice sample, and the resulting rinsing solution flows into the container and is discharged from the container through the opened water outlet solenoid valve. After rinsing is completed, the water outlet solenoid valve is closed, and the water in the water tank continues to be sprayed onto the ice sample through the spray head. The resulting leached water flows into the container, and the physicochemical properties of the leached water are detected by the physicochemical property detection sensor installed on the container.

[0017] Furthermore: the ice column drilling mechanism also includes an ice chip removal assembly, which includes an ice chip suction pipe installed on the drilling cylinder and an air pump connected to the ice chip suction pipe;

[0018] When the drilling cylinder cuts the ice, the air pump starts to generate negative pressure, and the ice chips generated during the cutting process are sucked up through the ice chip suction pipe.

[0019] Furthermore: the drilling barrel is driven to rise and fall by a barrel lifting assembly. The barrel lifting assembly includes a first mounting ring that is keyed to the drilling barrel. A lifting gear is rotatably mounted on the first mounting ring. The lifting gear is driven to rotate by a lifting motor that is fixedly mounted on the first mounting ring. The lifting gear meshes with a lifting rack that is fixed to the wall of the drilling barrel. When the lifting gear rotates, it drives the lifting rack and the drilling barrel to rise and fall.

[0020] Furthermore: the drilling barrel is driven to rotate by a barrel rotating assembly. The barrel rotating assembly includes a second mounting ring rotatably mounted on the first mounting ring. A rotating gear is rotatably mounted on the second mounting ring. The rotating gear is driven to rotate by a rotating motor fixedly mounted on the second mounting ring. The rotating gear meshes with a rotating gear ring fixed on the first mounting ring. When the rotating gear rotates, it drives the rotating gear ring, the first mounting ring, and the drilling barrel to rotate.

[0021] Furthermore, the icicle cutting mechanism also includes a lead screw rotatably mounted on the tool holder, which is driven to rotate by a drive motor fixedly mounted on the tool holder. The cutter head motor is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and when the lead screw rotates, it drives the cutter head motor to move along the tool holder.

[0022] Furthermore, the ice sample transfer mechanism also includes a rotating shaft, which is driven to rotate by a rotating motor, and the rotating frame is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the device also includes an ice sample storage mechanism, which includes an ice sample support tray for placing ice samples and a low-temperature storage chamber for storing ice samples. After leaching and melting detection, the ice sample is transferred to the ice sample support tray by rotating the rotating frame under the clamping telescopic rod, and can finally be stored in the low-temperature storage chamber.

[0024] Furthermore: the ice column drilling mechanism, ice column cutting mechanism, ice sample transfer mechanism, and ice sample testing mechanism are all installed inside the housing, and a device stabilizing mechanism is installed outside the housing; the device stabilizing mechanism includes a stabilizing mechanism housing, a lifting drive telescopic rod fixedly installed inside the stabilizing mechanism housing, and a mounting plate fixedly installed at the movable end of the lifting drive telescopic rod, and a drilling shaft rotatably installed on the mounting plate, which is driven to rotate by a drilling shaft drive motor fixedly installed on the mounting plate;

[0025] When the lifting drive telescopic rod retracts, it drives the mounting plate and drilling shaft to descend. When the drilling shaft drive motor starts, it drives the drilling shaft to rotate. During the process of the drilling shaft descending and rotating, it drills into the ice layer to fix the device.

[0026] An ultrasonic probe for detecting the density and thickness of ice is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing.

[0027] This invention achieves in-situ collection, automatic layered cutting, and real-time detection of ice columns during the surface water freezing period through an integrated design, effectively solving many technical defects of existing technologies. During operation, the drilling cylinder of the ice column drilling mechanism first drives the cutter head to rotate and descend, cutting the ice. After drilling is complete, the friction wheel telescopic rod inside the drilling cylinder drives the friction wheel to contact the ice column, and the rotation of the friction wheel lifts the ice column. The lifted complete ice column then enters the cutting process. The cutter head motor of the ice column cutting mechanism slides along the cutter holder, driving the cutting cutter head to perform the cutting action. Simultaneously, the cutter head motor starts, driving the cutting cutter head to perform the cutting action, realizing automated cutting of the ice column. After one layer is cut, the ice sample transfer mechanism transfers the sliced ​​ice sample to the ice sample detection mechanism. The lifting component continues to lift the remaining ice column, and the ice column cutting mechanism repeats the above cutting action to cut the next layer. This cycle repeats continuously, achieving continuous layered cutting of the ice column. The cut ice sample is held by the clamping telescopic rod of the ice sample transfer mechanism and transferred to the ice sample detection mechanism for testing via the rotation of the rotating frame. The ice sample testing agency sprays water from the water tank onto the surface of the ice sample through a spray head. The resulting leaching water is analyzed in real time by physicochemical index detection sensors to obtain the physicochemical index data of the ice sample, realizing the in-situ completion of the entire process from ice column sampling to cutting and sample preparation and ice sample testing.

[0028] This invention integrates four functional modules: drilling, cutting, transportation, and testing. It achieves complete ice column collection through a rotating drilling cylinder and friction wheel lifting mechanism. The cutting head, through coordinated feeding and cutting actions, automates the layered cutting of the ice column. A rotatable transportation mechanism enables automatic transfer of the ice sample. Finally, the testing system instantly acquires the physicochemical data of the ice sample, constructing a complete process of sampling, processing, and testing, thus solving the technical problem of the single function of existing devices. By operating in situ, it achieves integrated processing from collection to testing. The entire process, from drilling and layered cutting to physicochemical testing, is completed on-site within the ice layer. Compared to the traditional method of transporting collected ice columns to a laboratory for manual cutting and laboratory testing, this simplifies the ice sample processing flow, avoids temperature changes and human interference caused by sample transportation and secondary laboratory processing, and ensures the timeliness, originality, and accuracy of the data. The automated cutting and drilling process, characterized by the rotating and descending drill barrel combined with the lifting of the friction wheel, minimizes mechanical disturbance. Simultaneously, the automated operation avoids secondary damage caused by manual intervention, preserving the original structure of the ice layer and ensuring that the obtained ice samples accurately reflect its original state. This invention automates the entire process from drilling, layered cutting, to physicochemical index testing, significantly improving work efficiency and guaranteeing the consistency and repeatability of the sampling process.

[0029] This invention enables in-situ collection, in-situ layered cutting, and in-situ detection of ice columns, ensuring the integrity of the original state of the ice samples while significantly improving detection efficiency and data accuracy, thus providing reliable technical support for scientific research on frozen water bodies. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection during the surface water freezing period of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, from another angle.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection during the freezing period of surface water, taken from an upward angle.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, after the shell has been removed.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, after the shell has been removed, from another angle.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, after the shell has been removed and viewed from another angle.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, after the shell has been removed and viewed from below.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, after the shell has been removed, from another angle.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the drilling cylinder of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the surface water freezing period.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a top-view structural diagram of the drilling cylinder of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ice column drilling mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting detection device during the surface water freezing period. The outer cylinder of the drilling cylinder has been removed.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component of the ice column drilling mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the surface water freezing period.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component of the ice column drilling mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting and detection device during the surface water freezing period.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the ice column drilling mechanism and ice column cutting mechanism of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the ice column drilling mechanism and ice column cutting mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting detection device during the surface water freezing period.

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the ice column cutting mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the surface water freezing period.

[0047] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the ice column cutting mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water.

[0048] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample transport mechanism of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample detection mechanism of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-cutting detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample detection mechanism of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-cutting detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention from another angle;

[0051] Figure 21This is a schematic diagram of the drilling cylinder, cylinder lifting assembly, and cylinder rotating assembly of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting detection device during the surface water freezing period.

[0052] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling cylinder, cylinder lifting assembly, and cylinder rotating assembly of the present invention for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting detection device during the surface water freezing period, from another angle, wherein the cylinder lifting assembly and cylinder rotating assembly are in a split state.

[0053] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder lifting assembly and cylinder rotating assembly of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 24 This is an exploded view of the cylinder lifting assembly and cylinder rotating assembly of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hot melt component of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the hot-melt wire box of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water.

[0057] Figure 27 This is a top view of the hot-melt wire box of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water.

[0058] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hot-melt wire box of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water in this invention.

[0059] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hot-melt wire box of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water.

[0060] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample storage mechanism of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection device for surface water freezing period of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample storage mechanism of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the freezing period of surface water, which is another angle of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 32This is a schematic diagram of the stabilization mechanism of the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection during the freezing period of surface water according to the present invention.

[0063] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample transport mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-cutting detection device during the freezing period of surface water. The rotating shaft is installed in a split state.

[0064] Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ice sample transfer mechanism at the first and second bevel gears of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water.

[0065] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the ice sample transfer mechanism of the ice sample transfer mechanism of the present invention, which is used for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer cutting and detection device during the freezing period of surface water, from another angle.

[0066] Main components and designations:

[0067] Icicle drilling mechanism: 1; Drilling tube: 11; Cutting head: 111; Outer cylinder of drilling tube: 112; Inner cylinder of drilling tube: 113;

[0068] Lifting assembly: 12; Friction wheel telescopic rod: 121; Friction wheel: 122; Friction wheel drive motor: 123; Slider: 124; Mounting housing: 125; Guide rail: 126;

[0069] Cylinder lifting assembly: 13; First mounting ring: 131; Lifting gear: 132; Lifting motor: 133; Lifting rack: 134;

[0070] Cylinder rotating assembly: 14; Second mounting ring: 141; Rotating gear: 142; Rotating motor: 143; Rotating gear ring: 144;

[0071] Hot melt assembly: 15; Slide rail: 151; Hot melt wire box: 152; Drive wheel: 153; Heating wire disc: 154; Heating wire: 155; Drive wheel motor: 156; Heating wire disc motor: 157; First worm: 1581; First worm wheel: 1582; ​​Second worm: 1583; Second worm wheel: 1584;

[0072] Ice chip removal assembly: 16; Ice chip suction tube: 161; Air pump: 162;

[0073] Icicle cutting mechanism: 2; Blade holder: 21; Blade head motor: 22; Blade head drive wheel: 23; Cutting blade: 24; Lead screw: 25; Drive motor: 26;

[0074] Ice sample transfer mechanism: 3; Rotating frame: 31; Support: 311; Rotating cylinder: 312; Inner cylinder of rotating cylinder: 3121; Outer cylinder of rotating cylinder: 3122; Clamping telescopic rod: 32; Rotating shaft: 33; Second bevel gear: 331; Rotating motor: 34; First bevel gear: 341;

[0075] Ice sample testing unit: 4; Water tank: 41; Spray head: 42; Container: 43; Physicochemical index detection sensor: 44; Liquid pump: 45; Water outlet solenoid valve: 46;

[0076] Ice sample storage mechanism: 5; Ice sample support tray: 51; Cryogenic storage chamber: 52; Cooling pipe: 53; Compressor: 54; Heat exchanger: 55;

[0077] Housing: 6; Mounting bracket: 61; Door: 62; Air outlet: 63;

[0078] Device stabilizing mechanism: 7; Stabilizing mechanism housing: 71; Lifting drive telescopic rod: 72; Mounting plate: 73; Drilling shaft: 74; Drilling shaft drive motor: 75; Casters: 76;

[0079] Ultrasonic probe: 8; Central control console: 9. Detailed Implementation

[0080] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0081] Figure 1-3 The device described in this embodiment is for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, the device includes a housing 6, and the internal structure of the housing 6 is shown in... Figure 4-8 In, such as Figure 4-8 As shown, the housing 6 contains an ice column drilling mechanism 1, an ice column cutting mechanism 2, an ice sample transfer mechanism 3, and an ice sample detection mechanism 4 (shown in...). Figure 5 , Figure 8 (Middle), the ice column drilling mechanism 1 is used to drill ice columns, such as Figure 7 , 9 As shown in Figure -11, the icicle drilling mechanism 1 includes a drilling cylinder 11, with a cutter head 111 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the drilling cylinder 11. The drilling cylinder 11 is vertically and rotatably mounted in the housing 6. Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the housing 6 has an opening for the drilling cylinder 11 to pass through the housing 6. When the drilling cylinder 11 rotates and descends, it can pass through the opening so that the cutting head 111 on it can contact the ice body. The rotation and descent of the drilling cylinder 11 drives the cutting head 111 to cut the ice body to drill out the ice column and form a columnar ice sample.

[0082] like Figure 10 ,11 As shown, a lifting assembly 12 is installed inside the drilling tube 11, such as... Figure 12 , 13 As shown, the lifting assembly 12 includes a friction wheel telescopic rod 121 fixed to the drilling barrel 11 (shown in...). Figure 13 In the middle section, the telescopic end of the friction wheel telescopic rod 121 is rotatably equipped with a friction wheel 122 that can contact the ice column. When the friction wheel telescopic rod 121 extends, it drives the friction wheel 122 to extend into the drilling cylinder 11 and contact the drilled ice column. When the friction wheel 122 rotates, it can lift the ice column that is in contact with it.

[0083] Icicle cutting mechanism 2 is used to cut icicles after they have been lifted by lifting component 12, such as... Figure 14 , 15 As shown, the icicle cutting mechanism 2 is installed above the drilling cylinder 11, as... Figure 16 , 17 As shown, the icicle cutting mechanism 2 includes a blade holder 21 fixedly installed inside the housing 6. A blade head motor 22 is slidably mounted on the blade holder 21. A blade head drive wheel 23 is installed at the output end of the blade head motor 22, which drives the blade head drive wheel 23 to rotate. A cutting blade 24 is rotatably mounted on the surface of the blade head drive wheel 23, and the cutting blade 24 is eccentrically mounted on the blade head drive wheel 23 (i.e., the installation position of the cutting blade 24 is offset from the rotation center of the blade head drive wheel 23). When the blade head motor 22 moves along the blade holder 21, it drives the cutting blade 24 to move through the blade head drive wheel 23, thereby driving the cutting blade 24 to perform a cutting action, that is, driving the cutting blade 24 to cut into the icicle. When the blade head motor 22 starts, it drives the blade head drive wheel 23 to rotate. When the blade head drive wheel 23 rotates, it drives the cutting blade 24 to move, thereby driving the cutting blade 24 to perform a cutting action to cut the icicle into sheet-like ice.

[0084] Ice sample transfer mechanism 3 is used to transfer ice samples cut by ice column cutting mechanism 2, such as Figure 18 As shown, the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 includes a rotating frame 31 rotatably installed inside the housing 6. A clamping telescopic rod 32 for holding the ice sample is fixedly installed on the rotating frame 31. The ice sample, after being cut by the ice column cutting mechanism 2, is clamped by the clamping telescopic rod 32 and transferred to the ice sample detection mechanism 4 by the rotation of the rotating frame 31. This embodiment uses multiple sets of clamping telescopic rods 32 to perform point-contact clamping of the ice sample, ensuring clamping stability while minimizing the contact area with the ice sample, effectively avoiding temperature interference and structural damage that may be caused by traditional clamping methods. After the current layer of ice sample is cut, the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 transfers the sheet-like ice sample cut from the ice column to the ice sample detection mechanism 4. The lifting component 12 continues to lift the remaining uncut ice column segment to the cutting position. The ice column cutting mechanism 2 repeats the above cutting action to cut the next layer of ice sample, and so on, to achieve continuous layered cutting of the ice column.

[0085] Ice sample testing agency 4 is used to test the physicochemical properties of ice samples, such as... Figure 19 , 20 As shown, the ice sample detection mechanism 4 includes a water tank 41 placed inside the housing 6 and a spray head 42 connected to the water tank 41. After the ice sample is transferred to the ice sample detection mechanism 4 by the ice sample transfer mechanism 3, the water in the water tank 41 can be sprayed onto the transferred ice sample through the spray head 42. The resulting leaching water flows into the container 43, and the physicochemical index detection sensor 44 installed on the container 43 detects the physicochemical index of the leaching water to obtain the physicochemical index data of the ice sample to realize the detection of the ice sample.

[0086] In this embodiment, the device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layered cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period operates as follows: First, the drilling cylinder 11 of the ice column drilling mechanism 1 drives the cutter head 111 to rotate and descend, cutting the ice to extract the ice column. After the ice column is extracted, the friction wheel extension rod 121 inside the drilling cylinder 11 drives the friction wheel 122 to contact the ice column, and the rotation of the friction wheel 122 lifts the ice column. After the ice column is lifted to the ice column cutting mechanism 2, it enters the cutting process. The cutter head motor 22 of the ice column cutting mechanism 2 slides along the cutter holder 21 to drive the cutting cutter head 24 to perform the cutting action. At the same time, the cutter head motor 22 starts to drive the cutting cutter head 24 to perform the cutting action, realizing the automated layered cutting of the ice column. After one layer of cutting is completed, the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 transfers the sheet-like ice sample cut from the ice column to the ice sample detection mechanism 4. The lifting component 12 continues to lift the remaining ice column, and the ice column cutting mechanism 2 repeats the above cutting action to cut the next layer. This cycle is repeated to achieve continuous layered cutting of the ice column. The cut ice sample is held by the clamping telescopic rod 32 of the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 and transferred to the ice sample testing mechanism 4 by the rotation of the rotating frame 31. The ice sample testing mechanism 4 sprays water from the water tank 41 onto the surface of the ice sample through the spray head 42. The resulting leaching water is analyzed in real time by the physicochemical index detection sensor 44 to obtain the physicochemical index data of the ice sample, realizing the in-situ completion of the entire process from ice column sampling to cutting and sample preparation and ice sample testing.

[0087] Furthermore, regarding the specific structure of component 12, such as Figure 12 , 13 As shown, a friction wheel drive motor 123 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the friction wheel telescopic rod 121, which drives the friction wheel 122 to rotate. When the friction wheel telescopic rod 121 extends, it drives the friction wheel drive motor 123 to move, thereby moving the friction wheel 122, allowing the friction wheel 122 to extend into the drilling barrel 11. Figure 13As shown, a guide rail 126 is fixedly installed on the drilling barrel 11. A slider 124 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the friction wheel telescopic rod 121. The slider 124 is slidably installed on the guide rail 126. The friction wheel drive motor 123 is fixed on the slider 124. When the friction wheel telescopic rod 121 extends, it drives the slider 124 to move along the guide rail 126, which in turn drives the friction wheel drive motor 123 to move. The guide rail 126 and the slider 124 cooperate to form a linear guide mechanism, ensuring that the friction wheel drive motor 123 drives the friction wheel 122 to move smoothly along the guide rail 126.

[0088] Regarding the specific installation method and location of component 12, such as Figure 10 , 11 As shown, the drilling tube 11 in this embodiment has a double-layer structure, comprising an outer drilling tube 112 and an inner drilling tube 113 fixedly connected to the outer drilling tube 112. The lifting assembly 12 is mounted on the inner drilling tube 113. Figure 12 , 13 The lifting assembly 12 shown also has a mounting housing 125, which is fixedly mounted on the inner cylinder 113 of the drilling barrel. The friction wheel telescopic rod 121 and the guide rail 126 are both fixedly mounted inside the mounting housing 125. Figure 12 The telescopic rod 121 of the friction wheel is obscured by the friction wheel 122 and is not shown. Figure 13 The mounting housing 125 was omitted in the middle. Figure 11 As shown, multiple sets of lifting components 12 are set on the inner cylinder 113 of the drilling tube along the axial and circumferential dimensions, so that each lifting component 12 applies force synchronously from different angles and heights during the ice column lifting process, forming a multi-point balanced lifting of the ice column sample. This design effectively disperses the lifting stress and avoids the local stress concentration phenomenon caused by traditional single-point lifting, thereby significantly reducing the risk of ice column sample breakage during the lifting process.

[0089] In order to achieve the lifting and lowering movement of the drilling tube 11, such as Figure 21 , 22 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling cylinder 11 is driven to rise and fall by the cylinder lifting assembly 13, as... Figure 23 , 24 As shown, the cylinder lifting assembly 13 includes a first mounting ring 131, which is keyed to the drilling cylinder 11, so that when the first mounting ring 131 rotates, it can drive the drilling cylinder 11 to rotate, and the drilling cylinder 11 can move axially relative to the first mounting ring 131. The first mounting ring 131 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 6. A lifting gear 132 is rotatably mounted on the first mounting ring 131, and a lifting motor 133 is fixedly mounted on the first mounting ring 131, which drives the lifting gear 132 to rotate. Figure 21 , 22As shown, a lifting rack 134 is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the drilling barrel 11. In this embodiment, the lifting rack 134 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the drilling barrel outer cylinder 112 of the drilling barrel 11. Figure 6 , 7 In models 14 and 15, the lifting rack 134 on the outer surface of the drilling barrel 11 is omitted. The lifting gear 132 meshes with the lifting rack 134. After the lifting motor 133 starts, it drives the lifting gear 132 to rotate. When the lifting gear 132 rotates, it drives the lifting rack 134 to rise and fall, thereby driving the drilling barrel 11 to perform the lifting action. Of course, the lifting action of the drilling barrel 11 can also be achieved by other conventional lifting motion drive mechanisms.

[0090] To achieve the rotational movement of the drill barrel 11, such as Figure 21 , 22 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling cylinder 11 is driven to rotate by the cylinder rotation assembly 14, as... Figure 23 , 24 As shown, the cylinder rotating assembly 14 includes a second mounting ring 141 fixedly installed inside the housing 6, a first mounting ring 131 rotatably mounted on the second mounting ring 141, a rotating gear 142 rotatably mounted on the second mounting ring 141, and a rotating motor 143 fixedly mounted on the second mounting ring 141, which drives the rotating gear 142 to rotate. A rotating gear ring 144 coaxial with the first mounting ring 131 is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the first mounting ring 131 (shown in...). Figure 24 In this embodiment, the rotating gear 142 meshes with the rotating gear ring 144. After the rotating motor 143 starts, it drives the rotating gear 142 to rotate. When the rotating gear 142 rotates, it drives the rotating gear ring 144 to rotate, which in turn drives the first mounting ring 131 to rotate. The first mounting ring 131 drives the drilling cylinder 11, which is keyed to it, to rotate. Of course, other conventional rotary motion drive mechanisms can also be used to achieve the rotation of the drilling cylinder 11. In this embodiment, the ice column drilling mechanism 1 can achieve synchronous rotation and descent of the drilling cylinder 11 by simultaneously starting the lifting motor 133 and the rotating motor 143, so that it can drive the cutter head 111 to cut the ice and drill ice columns.

[0091] In this embodiment, the drilling barrel 11 is driven by the barrel rotation assembly 14 to perform a limited-angle reciprocating rotational motion. The barrel rotation assembly 14 drives the drilling barrel 11 to rotate alternately within a range of no more than 180 degrees clockwise and counterclockwise. This limited reciprocating rotation design ensures that the drilling barrel 11 has a sufficient rotation angle to complete the ice column drilling operation, and effectively prevents the power supply lines and other connecting pipelines connected to the drilling barrel 11 from being damaged due to excessive twisting, thus ensuring the reliability of the equipment operation.

[0092] When the ice layer is thin, the drill barrel 11 can drive the cutter head 111 to rotate and descend, thus completely drilling through the ice layer and obtaining an independent ice column. When the ice layer is thick, mechanical drilling alone is insufficient to completely separate the bottom of the ice column, causing the ice column to remain connected to the ice below. To ensure that complete ice column samples can still be obtained under thick ice conditions, such as... Figure 9 , 25 As shown in Figure 26, the ice column drilling mechanism 1 further includes a hot melt assembly 15 disposed at the bottom of the drilling barrel 11. The hot melt assembly 15 includes a slide rail 151 fixedly installed at the bottom of the drilling barrel 11, and two hot melt wire boxes 152 are slidably installed on the slide rail 151, such as... Figure 27-29 As shown, a drive wheel 153 and a heating wire disc 154 are rotatably mounted inside the hot fuse box 152 (shown in...). Figure 28 , 29 In this embodiment, a heating wire 155 is wound on a heating wire disc 154. A drive wheel motor 156 and a heating wire disc motor 157 are fixedly installed inside the hot melt wire box 152. The drive wheel motor 156 drives the drive wheel 153 to rotate, and the heating wire disc motor 157 drives the heating wire disc 154 to rotate. When the drive wheels 153 in the two hot melt wire boxes 152 rotate, they cause the two hot melt wire boxes 152 to move in opposite directions along the slide rail 151. When the hot melt wire boxes 152 move in opposite directions, the heating wire discs 154 in the two hot melt wire boxes 152 rotate simultaneously to release the heating wire 155 to melt and cut the bottom of the icicle. In this embodiment, the heating wire 155 is connected to the power system (not shown in the drawing) inside the housing 6 through a power supply line (not shown in the drawing) built into the hot melt wire box 152, ensuring that the heating wire 155 is energized and heated during the release process. Figure 25 As shown, in this embodiment, the slide rail 151 is semi-circular.

[0093] In this embodiment, the heating wire 155 is preferably made of existing enameled wire with an insulating coating. Enameled wire is a wire in which a uniform, dense insulating varnish film is formed on the surface of a metal conductor through a coating process. This insulating coating effectively prevents current leakage and achieves electrical isolation between the heating wire and the external environment. Using enameled wire as the material for the heating wire 155 ensures both the heating function after energization and prevents the formation of a conductive path even when the heating wire 155 comes into contact with molten ice water. It should be noted that the selection of enameled wire is a conventional technique in this field, and its specific model and specifications can be selected according to the actual heating power requirements.

[0094] In this embodiment, the drive wheel motor 156 drives the drive wheel 153 to rotate through the transmission wheel set, such as Figure 28 , 29As shown, the transmission wheel assembly includes a first worm 1581 mounted on the output end of the drive wheel motor 156. The first worm 1581 meshes with a first worm wheel 1582 rotatably mounted in the hot fuse box 152. The first worm wheel 1582 is coaxially fixed with a second worm 1583. The second worm 1583 meshes with a second worm wheel 1584 rotatably mounted in the hot fuse box 152. The second worm wheel 1584 is coaxially fixed with the drive wheel 153. When the drive wheel motor 156 starts, it drives the first worm 1581 to rotate, which in turn drives the first worm wheel 1582 and the second worm 1583 to rotate. When the second worm 1583 rotates, it drives the drive wheel 153 to rotate through the second worm wheel 1584. Of course, the drive wheel 153 can also be driven by other existing forms of transmission wheel assemblies.

[0095] After the drilling tube 11 completes the column cutting, the two hot-melt wire boxes 152 are initially located in the middle of the slide rail 151 (i.e. Figure 9 (The positions of the two hot melt wire boxes 152) indicate that the heating wire 155 is in a wound state. Then, the drive wheel motor 156 simultaneously drives the drive wheels 153 inside the two hot melt wire boxes 152 to rotate, causing the hot melt wire boxes 152 to slide backwards along the slide rail 151. The heating wire disc motor 157 drives the two heating wire discs 154 to rotate synchronously to release the heating wire 155. Figure 25 Two hot fuse boxes, 152, are made of Figure 9 In its initial state, the ice column moves backward to the end near the slide rail 151 (where the heating wire 155 is released). The energized heating wire 155 melts and cuts the bottom of the ice column. When the two hot-wire boxes 152 move to the ends of the slide rail 151, the heating wire 155 can complete the melting and cutting of about half the circumference of the bottom of the ice column. Subsequently, the cylinder rotating assembly 14 drives the drilling cylinder 11 to rotate back and forth to further promote the separation of the bottom of the ice column from the ice matrix. Alternatively, two semi-circular slide rails 151 can be set, with two hot-wire boxes 152 on each slide rail 151, thereby achieving the melting and cutting of about the full circumference of the bottom of the ice column. After the melting and cutting is completed, the drive wheels 153 inside the two hot fuse boxes 152 rotate in opposite directions, causing the two hot fuse boxes 152 to move towards each other. When the hot fuse boxes 152 move towards each other, the heating wire discs 154 inside the two hot fuse boxes 152 rotate in opposite directions at the same time, so that the released heating wire 155 is re-coiled on the heating wire disc 154 and the heating wire 155 is recovered.

[0096] like Figure 11 , 14 As shown in Figure 15, the ice column drilling mechanism 1 further includes an ice debris removal assembly 16. The ice debris removal assembly 16 includes an ice debris suction pipe 161 mounted on the drilling barrel 11 and an air pump 162 connected to the ice debris suction pipe 161. In this embodiment, the ice debris suction pipe 161 is disposed between the outer cylinder 112 and the inner cylinder 113 of the drilling barrel. Figure 9The suction port of the ice chip suction pipe 161 shown is located close to the cutter head 111 of the drilling cylinder 11. When the drilling cylinder 11 cuts the ice, the air pump 162 is activated to generate negative pressure, which is used to suck up the ice chips generated during the cutting process through the ice chip suction pipe 161, thus preventing the accumulation of ice chips from affecting the cutting efficiency.

[0097] Regarding the specific structure of the icicle cutting mechanism 2, such as Figure 16 , 17 As shown, the icicle cutting mechanism 2 also includes a lead screw 25 rotatably mounted on the blade holder 21. The lead screw 25 is driven to rotate by a drive motor 26 fixedly mounted on the blade holder 21. The cutter head motor 22 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 25. After the drive motor 26 starts, it drives the lead screw 25 to rotate. When the lead screw 25 rotates, it drives the cutter head motor 22 to move along the blade holder 21. This embodiment sets up two sets of completely symmetrical drive units. Each set of drive units includes an independent blade holder 21, cutter head motor 22, cutter head drive wheel 23, lead screw 25, and drive motor 26. The two blade holders 21 are arranged in parallel. The two ends of a cutting head 24 are eccentrically connected to a cutter head drive wheel 23, and the two cutter head drive wheels 23 maintain the same rotation speed and phase.

[0098] In this embodiment, the two drive wheels 23 and the cutting head 24 together form a double-crank linkage mechanism. The two drive wheels 23 are equivalent to two synchronously rotating cranks, and the cutting head 24 is equivalent to a connecting rod connecting the two cranks. This connection method allows the two drive wheels 23 to rotate synchronously in the same direction, driving the cutting head 24 to produce periodic motion, thereby generating a cutting force on the icicle and cutting it. The synchronous rotation of the two drive wheels 23 makes the motion trajectory of the cutting head 24 a closed loop. Each motion cycle of the cutting head 24 includes a forward cutting stroke and a reverse return stroke. During the forward cutting stroke, the cutting head 24 cuts into the ice and cuts the icicle; during the reverse return stroke, the cutting head 24 returns to the starting position. The drive motor 26 maintains the feed of the cutting head 24, allowing the next cycle of the cutting head 24 to continue cutting the icicle.

[0099] In this embodiment, the icicle cutting mechanism 2 operates by a drive motor 26 that rotates a lead screw 25 during the cutting process. This rotation drives a cutter head motor 22 to move along the cutter holder 21, causing the cutting cutter head 24 to contact the icicle surface and complete the cutting. Simultaneously with the cutting, the cutter head motor 22 starts, driving two cutter head drive wheels 23 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The cutting cutter head 24 converts the rotational motion of the cutter head drive wheels 23 into a periodic cutting motion, thus cutting the icicle. Due to the symmetrical design of the dual drive wheels, the cutting cutter head 24 maintains a stable trajectory throughout the entire operation, ensuring the flatness of the cut surface and the stability of the cutting accuracy.

[0100] Regarding the specific structure of ice sample transfer mechanism 3, such as Figure 18 , 33 As shown, the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 also includes a rotating shaft 33 rotatably mounted inside the housing 6 (shown in...). Figure 33 In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 33 is driven to rotate by a rotary motor 34 fixedly installed inside the housing 6. The rotating frame 31 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 33. When the rotating shaft 33 rotates, it drives the rotating frame 31 and its clamping telescopic rod 32 to rotate. To achieve the driving of the rotating shaft 33 by the rotary motor 34, this embodiment uses a bevel gear transmission assembly for power transmission and direction conversion. Figure 33-35 As shown, the specific composition and connection relationship of the bevel gear transmission assembly are as follows: A first bevel gear 341 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the rotary motor 34, and a second bevel gear 331 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 33. The first bevel gear 341 and the second bevel gear 331 mesh with each other. When the rotary motor 34 starts, its output shaft drives the first bevel gear 341 to rotate, and transmits power to the second bevel gear 331 through gear meshing, thereby driving the rotating shaft 33 to rotate accordingly.

[0101] In this embodiment, the rotating frame 31 includes a support 311 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33 and a rotating cylinder 312 fixedly installed below the support 311. The rotating cylinder 312 includes an inner cylinder 3121 fixedly connected to the support 311 and an outer cylinder 3122 fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 3121. The clamping telescopic rod 32 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3122, and its movable end can extend into the inner cylinder 3121. After the ice column is lifted by the lifting assembly 12 into the inner cylinder 3121 of the ice sample transfer mechanism 3, the clamping telescopic rod 32 extends and enters the inner cylinder 3121 to clamp the ice column. In this embodiment, three sets of transfer units are provided. Each set of transfer units includes a support 311, a rotating cylinder 312, and a clamping telescopic rod 32.

[0102] In this embodiment, the icicle cutting mechanism 2 can complete the cutting operation by simply clamping the icicle with the lifting assembly 12. To improve the stability of the cutting, the lifting assembly 12 and the clamping telescopic rod 32 can also form a cooperative clamping of the icicle. Specifically, the lifting assembly 12 first lifts the drilled complete icicle into the inner cylinder 3121 of one of the transfer units of the ice sample transfer mechanism 3. Then, the clamping telescopic rod 32 extends into the inner cylinder 3121 of the rotating cylinder, forming a double clamping of the icicle with the lifting assembly 12, thereby effectively suppressing vibration and displacement during the cutting process. Under stable clamping conditions, the icicle cutting mechanism 2 performs precise layered cutting operations, ensuring the flatness and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface.

[0103] After the current layer of ice sample is cut, the clamping telescopic rod 32 maintains a stable grip on the cut ice slice, while the rotating frame 31 rotates to transfer the ice sample to the detection position of the ice sample detection mechanism 4. Simultaneously, another transfer unit of the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 rotates and positions itself directly above the ice column cutting mechanism 2. Then, the lifting assembly 12 is activated, lifting the remaining uncut ice column segment into the inner cylinder 3121 of the rotating drum of this transfer unit, where it is reliably clamped and fixed by the clamping telescopic rod 32. Once in position, the ice column cutting mechanism 2 is activated to cut the next layer of ice sample from the positioned ice column segment. This alternating transfer and continuous cutting working mode, through the coordinated operation of multiple transfer units, achieves the connection between ice sample cutting, transfer, and detection processes, ensuring the continuity of operations between each process.

[0104] Regarding the specific structure of the ice sample testing mechanism 4, in order to deliver the water in the water tank 41 to the spray head 42, such as... Figure 19 , 20 As shown, the ice sample detection mechanism 4 also includes a liquid pump 45 connected to the water tank 41, which pumps water from the water tank 41 to the spray head 42. To clean surface impurities and ice debris from the ice sample before detection and improve sampling quality, a water outlet solenoid valve 46 is installed on the container 43. Initially, the water outlet solenoid valve 46 is open, and the water sprayed onto the ice sample first rinses the ice sample and the physicochemical index detection sensor 44. The resulting rinsing solution flows into the container 43 and is discharged through the open water outlet solenoid valve 46. After rinsing is complete, the water outlet solenoid valve 46 closes, and the water in the water tank 41 continues to be sprayed onto the ice sample through the spray head 42, with the resulting leaching water flowing into the container 43. In this embodiment, the water stored in the water tank 41 is distilled water.

[0105] During the leaching process, various substances contained within the ice sample are released into the leachate. Therefore, the physicochemical properties of the leachate accurately reflect the actual composition of the ice sample. In this embodiment, the physicochemical property detection sensor 44 installed on container 43 detects basic physicochemical parameters such as pH, DO (dissolved oxygen), TDS (total dissolved solids), NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen), NO3-N (nitrate nitrogen), SAL (salinity), ORP (oxidation-reduction potential), and conductivity in the leachate in real time. This allows for the indirect but accurate acquisition of key information such as the state of contaminants, ionic composition, and concentration distribution in the ice sample. This detection data provides an immediate and reliable reference for on-site ice sample evaluation. It should be noted that the physicochemical property detection sensor 44 can be an existing multi-parameter integrated water quality monitoring probe module, or it can be a combination of multiple existing separate independent sensor modules (used to detect the above-mentioned physicochemical parameters separately).

[0106] like Figure 5-7As shown, the device also includes an ice sample storage mechanism 5 for storing ice samples, the specific structure of which is shown in [illustration]. Figure 30 , 31 In, such as Figure 30 , 31 As shown, the ice sample storage mechanism 5 includes an ice sample carrier tray 51 for placing ice samples and a cryogenic storage chamber 52 for storing ice samples. After leaching and melting testing, the ice sample is transferred to the ice sample carrier tray 51 by rotating the rotating frame 31 under the clamping telescopic rod 32, and can finally be stored in the cryogenic storage chamber 52. In this embodiment, the ice sample placed on the ice sample carrier tray 51 is manually sealed and then placed in the cryogenic storage chamber 52.

[0107] To achieve the cryogenic storage function of the cryogenic storage chamber 52, the ice sample storage mechanism 5 employs a refrigeration system based on existing technology, including a cooling pipe 53, a compressor 54, and a heat exchanger 55. The outlet of the compressor 54 is connected to the hot end inlet of the heat exchanger 55 via a pipeline, and the hot end outlet of the heat exchanger 55 is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe 53 via a pipeline. The cooling pipe 53 is arranged on the outer wall of the cryogenic storage chamber 52, and its outlet returns to the inlet of the compressor 54 via a pipeline, forming a closed-loop system. This refrigeration system operates based on the existing vapor compression refrigeration principle: the compressor 54 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which is then condensed into a high-pressure liquid by the heat exchanger 55; when the liquid refrigerant flows through the cooling pipe 53, it absorbs heat through a phase change, thus cooling the interior of the cryogenic storage chamber 52; the refrigerant, after absorbing heat and vaporizing, returns to the compressor 54, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0108] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in order to fix the entire device on the ice surface, a device stabilizing mechanism 7 is installed on the outside of the housing 6; as Figure 32 As shown, the device's stabilizing mechanism 7 includes a stabilizing mechanism housing 71. A lifting drive telescopic rod 72 is fixedly installed inside the stabilizing mechanism housing 71. A mounting plate 73 is fixedly installed at the movable end of the lifting drive telescopic rod 72. A drilling shaft 74 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 73. A drilling shaft drive motor 75, fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 73, drives the drilling shaft 74 to rotate. When the lifting drive telescopic rod 72 retracts, it causes the mounting plate 73 and the drilling shaft 74 to descend. When the drilling shaft drive motor 75 starts, it drives the drilling shaft 74 to rotate. During the descent and rotation of the drilling shaft 74, it drills into the ice layer, thus fixing the device on the ice surface. To facilitate the movement of the device on the ice surface, casters 76 are installed at the bottom of the stabilizing mechanism housing 71.

[0109] like Figure 3As shown, an ultrasonic probe 8 is installed at the bottom of the housing 6 to detect the density and thickness of the ice layer. It should be noted that this technology of detecting ice layer parameters using ultrasound is existing technology and a conventional technique in the field. The ultrasonic probe 8 assesses the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the ice layer by detecting its density distribution and thickness, providing important safety reference data for on-site operations.

[0110] In order to achieve the installation of various components within the housing 6, such as Figure 4 As shown, a mounting frame 61 is fixedly installed inside the housing 6, and the second mounting ring 141 of the cylinder rotating assembly 14 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 61; the blade holder 21 of the ice column cutting mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 61, the rotating shaft 33 of the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 is rotatably installed on the mounting frame 61, and the rotating motor 34 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 61. The ice sample carrying tray 51 of the ice sample storage mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 61. Figure 2 As shown, a door 62 is installed on the housing 6 to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the internal mechanisms of the housing 6, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the housing 6 has an air outlet 63 for discharging the cold air generated by the refrigeration system.

[0111] like Figure 1 As shown, a central control console 9 is mounted on the housing 6. The central control console 9 is electrically connected to the drive motors and sensors of the ice column drilling mechanism 1, ice column cutting mechanism 2, ice sample transfer mechanism 3, ice sample detection mechanism 4, ice sample storage mechanism 5, and device stabilization mechanism 7 via a controller (not shown in the attached diagram). The central control console 9 has a human-machine interface for real-time display of ice layer parameters detected by the ultrasonic probe 8, ice sample data acquired by the physicochemical index detection sensor 44, and the working status of each mechanism. It also supports setting key operational parameters such as drilling speed, cutting thickness, transfer position, detection parameters, and storage temperature. The central control console 9 enables centralized control and coordination of the workflow of each mechanism, ensuring automated operation and synchronous data acquisition throughout the sampling, cutting, transfer, and detection processes.

[0112] The working process of the in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting detection device during the surface water freezing period in this embodiment is as follows:

[0113] First, the device is fixed in place by drilling into the ice layer via the drilling shaft 74 of the stabilizing mechanism 7. Simultaneously, the ultrasonic probe 8 detects and assesses the density and thickness of the ice layer in the working area. After confirming safety, the ice column drilling mechanism 1 begins operation: the lifting motor 133 and the rotating motor 143 start synchronously, driving the drilling cylinder 11 to rotate and descend, thus driving the cutter head 111 to cut the ice and drill the ice column. During drilling, the air pump 162 removes ice debris in real time through the ice debris suction pipe 161. When encountering a thick ice layer, the hot-melt assembly 15 is activated, and two hot-melt wire boxes 152 move in opposite directions along the slide rail 151 to release heating wires 155, melting and cutting the bottom of the ice column. This, combined with the reciprocating rotation of the drilling cylinder 11, achieves complete separation of the ice column.

[0114] After drilling is completed, the lifting assembly 12 begins to operate: the friction wheel telescopic rod 121 extends, causing the friction wheel 122 to contact the ice column, and the friction wheel drive motor 123 drives the friction wheel 122 to rotate, lifting the ice column to the cutting position. After the ice column reaches the cutting position, the ice column cutting mechanism 2 is activated: the drive motor 26 drives the lead screw 25 to rotate, driving the cutter head motor 22 to move and achieve cutting; at the same time, the cutter head motor 22 drives the two cutter head drive wheels 23 to rotate synchronously, driving the cutting cutter head 24 to perform the ice column cutting action, completing the cutting of the first layer of ice sample.

[0115] After cutting, the ice sample transfer mechanism 3 begins operation: the clamping telescopic rod 32 clamps the cut ice sample, and the rotating motor 34 drives the rotating frame 31 to rotate and transfer the ice sample to the detection position. At the same time, another set of transfer units rotates to the cutting position, ready to receive the next layer of ice sample. The lifting assembly 12 continues to lift the remaining ice column, and the ice column cutting mechanism 2 repeats the cutting action to cut the next layer, realizing continuous layered sampling.

[0116] After the ice sample arrives at the testing location, the ice sample testing mechanism 4 begins operation: the liquid pump 45 pumps distilled water from the water tank 41 to the spray head 42, first opening the outlet solenoid valve 46 for rinsing and cleaning, then closing the outlet solenoid valve 46 for formal leaching and melting testing. The physicochemical index detection sensor 44 analyzes various parameters of the leaching water in real time to obtain the physicochemical index data of the ice sample. After the testing is completed, the ice sample is transferred to the ice sample carrier tray 51 of the ice sample storage mechanism 5, manually sealed, and stored in the low-temperature storage chamber 52 for preservation.

[0117] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period, characterized in that, include: The ice column drilling mechanism (1) includes a drilling cylinder (11) with a cutter head (111). When the drilling cylinder (11) rotates and descends, it drives the cutter head (111) to cut the ice body to drill ice columns. A lifting assembly (12) is installed inside the drilling cylinder (11). The lifting assembly (12) includes a friction wheel telescopic rod (121) fixed on the drilling cylinder (11) and a friction wheel (122) rotatably installed on the friction wheel telescopic rod (121) and capable of contacting the ice column. When the friction wheel (122) rotates, it can lift the ice column relative to the drilling cylinder (11) to the ice column cutting mechanism (2). The icicle cutting mechanism (2) is used to cut the lifted icicle. It includes a blade holder (21), a blade motor (22) slidably mounted on the blade holder (21), a blade drive wheel (23) driven by the blade motor (22), and a cutting blade (24) rotatably mounted on the blade drive wheel (23). When the blade motor (22) moves, it drives the cutting blade (24) to advance. When the blade motor (22) starts, it drives the cutting blade (24) to perform the cutting action through the blade drive wheel (23). Ice sample transfer mechanism (3) is used to transfer the cut ice sample, including a rotating frame (31) and a clamping telescopic rod (32) fixed on the rotating frame (31) for clamping the ice sample; after the current layer of ice sample is cut, the ice sample cut off from the ice column is transferred by the ice sample transfer mechanism (3) to the ice sample detection mechanism (4), the lifting component (12) continues to lift the remaining uncut ice column segment, and the ice column cutting mechanism (2) cuts the next layer of ice sample to realize continuous layered cutting of the ice column; The ice sample testing mechanism (4) includes a water tank (41) and a spray head (42) connected to the water tank (41). The water in the water tank (41) is sprayed onto the transported ice sample through the spray head (42), and the resulting leaching water flows into a container (43). The physicochemical index detection sensor (44) detects the physicochemical index of the leaching water. The ice column drilling mechanism (1) further includes a hot melt assembly (15), which includes a slide rail (151) fixedly installed at the bottom of the drilling cylinder (11), two hot melt wire boxes (152) slidably installed on the slide rail (151), a drive wheel (153) rotatably installed in the hot melt wire box (152), a heating wire disc (154), and a heating wire (155) coiled on the heating wire disc (154). The drive wheel (153) is driven to rotate by the drive wheel motor (156), and the heating wire disc (154) is driven to rotate by the heating wire disc motor (157). When the drive wheel (153) rotates, it drives the two hot fuse boxes (152) to move in opposite directions along the slide rail (151). When the hot fuse boxes (152) move in opposite directions, the heating wire disc (154) rotates to release the heating wire (155) to melt and cut the bottom of the ice column. The drilling barrel (11) is driven to rise and fall by the barrel lifting assembly (13). The barrel lifting assembly (13) includes a first mounting ring (131) that is keyed to the drilling barrel (11). A lifting gear (132) is rotatably mounted on the first mounting ring (131). The lifting gear (132) is driven to rotate by the lifting motor (133) that is fixedly mounted on the first mounting ring (131). The lifting gear (132) meshes with the lifting rack (134) that is fixed on the wall of the drilling barrel (11). When the lifting gear (132) rotates, it drives the lifting rack (134) and the drilling barrel (11) to rise and fall. The drilling barrel (11) is driven to rotate by the barrel rotating assembly (14). The barrel rotating assembly (14) includes a second mounting ring (141) rotatably mounted on the first mounting ring (131). A rotating gear (142) is rotatably mounted on the second mounting ring (141). The rotating gear (142) is driven to rotate by a rotating motor (143) fixedly mounted on the second mounting ring (141). The rotating gear (142) meshes with a rotating gear ring (144) fixed on the first mounting ring (131). When the rotating gear (142) rotates, it drives the rotating gear ring (144), the first mounting ring (131) and the drilling barrel (11) to rotate.

2. The device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ice sample testing mechanism (4) also includes a liquid pump (45) connected to the water tank (41), which pumps the water in the water tank (41) to the spray head (42). The container (43) is equipped with a water outlet solenoid valve (46). The water sprayed onto the ice sample first rinses the ice sample, and the resulting rinsing solution flows into the container (43) and is discharged from the container (43) through the opened water outlet solenoid valve (46). After rinsing is completed, the water outlet solenoid valve (46) is closed, and the water in the water tank (41) continues to be sprayed onto the ice sample through the spray head (42). The resulting leached water flows into the container (43), and the physicochemical index detection sensor (44) installed on the container (43) detects the physicochemical index of the leached water.

3. The device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice column drilling mechanism (1) also includes an ice chip removal assembly (16), which includes an ice chip suction pipe (161) installed on the drilling barrel (11) and an air pump (162) connected to the ice chip suction pipe (161). When the drilling tube (11) cuts the ice, the air pump (162) starts to generate negative pressure, and the ice chips generated during the cutting process are sucked up through the ice chip suction pipe (161).

4. The device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The icicle cutting mechanism (2) also includes a lead screw (25) rotatably mounted on the tool holder (21), which is driven to rotate by a drive motor (26) fixedly mounted on the tool holder (21). The head motor (22) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (25). When the lead screw (25) rotates, it drives the head motor (22) to move along the tool holder (21).

5. The device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice sample transfer mechanism (3) also includes a rotating shaft (33), which is driven to rotate by a rotating motor (34), and the rotating frame (31) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (33).

6. The device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes an ice sample storage mechanism (5), which includes an ice sample carrier plate (51) for placing ice samples and a low-temperature storage chamber (52) for storing ice samples. After leaching and melting detection, the ice sample is transferred to the ice sample carrier plate (51) by rotating the rotating frame (31) under the clamping of the clamping telescopic rod (32), and can finally be stored in the low-temperature storage chamber (52).

7. The device for in-situ ice column collection and automatic layer-by-layer cutting and detection during the surface water freezing period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice column drilling mechanism (1), ice column cutting mechanism (2), ice sample transfer mechanism (3), and ice sample detection mechanism (4) are all installed inside the housing (6), and a device stabilization mechanism (7) is installed outside the housing (6); the device stabilization mechanism (7) includes a stabilization mechanism housing (71), a lifting drive telescopic rod (72) fixedly installed inside the stabilization mechanism housing (71), and a mounting plate (73) fixedly installed at the movable end of the lifting drive telescopic rod (72). A drilling shaft (74) is rotatably installed on the mounting plate (73), and the drilling shaft (74) is driven to rotate by a drilling shaft drive motor (75) fixedly installed on the mounting plate (73); When the lifting drive telescopic rod (72) retracts, it drives the mounting plate (73) and the drilling shaft (74) to descend. When the drilling shaft drive motor (75) starts, it drives the drilling shaft (74) to rotate. During the process of the drilling shaft (74) descending and rotating, it drills into the ice layer to achieve device fixation. An ultrasonic probe (8) for detecting the density and thickness of the ice layer is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing (6).

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