TVS tube state detection circuit, EFUSE protection circuit and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) state detection circuit, an EFUSE protection circuit and an EFUSE protection method, and relates to the technical field of electronic fuses, whether the state of a TVS is normal or not can be effectively detected by monitoring the input voltage of a to-be-protected device and the current flowing through the TVS in real time, so that when the TVS breaks down, a system can recognize and take corresponding measures in time, and the safety of the TVS is improved. For example, a standby TVS tube is switched, so that the EFUSE circuit is prevented from being damaged due to the failure of the TVS tube. The real-time monitoring and automatic switching mechanism improves the reliability and stability of the system, and reduces the maintenance cost and downtime.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of electronic fuses, in particular to a TVS tube state detection circuit, an EFUSE protection circuit and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] A server whole cabinet is a solution to meet the demand for high computing power, and 54V power supply makes electrically programmable fuses (EFUSE) widely used. Surge impulse voltage is easily generated in hot plug and other scenarios, and a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) is needed to suppress to protect circuit components.

[0003] How to detect the state of the TVS tube to stably and effectively protect the EFUSE circuit is a technical problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a TVS tube state detection circuit, an EFUSE protection circuit and method to stably and effectively protect the EFUSE circuit.

[0005] The application provides a TVS tube state detection circuit, comprising a voltage sampling module, a first current sampling module, a first switch module and a first controller.

[0006] The voltage sampling module is connected with the first end of the first switch module and the voltage input end of the device to be protected at the input end, and connected with the first controller at the output end, for sampling the input voltage of the voltage input end to obtain a voltage sampling signal;

[0007] The first current sampling module is connected with the second end of the first switch module at the first input end, and grounded through the first TVS tube at the second input end, and connected with the first controller at the output end, for sampling the current flowing through the first TVS tube to obtain a first current sampling signal;

[0008] The first switch module is connected with the first controller at the control end, for being turned on or turned off under the control of the first controller;

[0009] The first controller is used for generating state detection information according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal.

[0010] The application also provides an EFUSE protection circuit, comprising a voltage sampling module, a first switch module, a first current sampling module, a first TVS tube, a second switch module, a second TVS tube and a first controller.

[0011] a voltage sampling module, an input end of which is connected with a first end of the first switch module, a second end of the second switch module and a voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, and an output end of which is connected with the first controller, for sampling an input voltage of the voltage input end to obtain a voltage sampling signal;

[0012] a first current sampling module, a first input end of which is connected with the second end of the first switch module, a second input end of which is grounded through the first TVS tube, and an output end of which is connected with the first controller, for sampling a current flowing through the first TVS tube to obtain a first current sampling signal;

[0013] a first controller, for generating a first control signal and a second control signal according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal;

[0014] the first switch module, a control end of which is connected with the first controller, for being turned off according to the first control signal;

[0015] the second switch module, a second end of which is grounded through the second TVS tube, and a control end of which is connected with the first controller, for being turned on according to the second control signal.

[0016] The application further provides a control method of the EFUSE protection circuit,

[0017] The EFUSE protection circuit comprises a voltage sampling module, a first switch module, a first current sampling module, a first TVS tube, a second switch module, a second current sampling module, a second TVS tube and a first controller; the voltage sampling module, an input end of which is connected with a first end of the first switch module, a second end of the second switch module and a voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, and an output end of which is connected with the first controller; the first current sampling module, a first input end of which is connected with the second end of the first switch module, a second input end of which is grounded through the first TVS tube, and an output end of which is connected with the first controller; the first switch module, a control end of which is connected with the first controller; the first switch module, a second end of which is grounded through the first TVS tube, and a control end of which is connected with the first controller; the method comprises:

[0018] obtaining a voltage sampling signal of an input voltage of a voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected;

[0019] obtaining a first current sampling signal of a first current flowing through the first TVS tube;

[0020] outputting a first control signal to the first switch module and a second control signal to the second switch module according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal.

[0021] The application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of any one of the above-mentioned TVS tube state detection methods.

[0022] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of any one of the TVS tube state detection methods.

[0023] The application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of any one of the TVS tube state detection methods.

[0024] Through the application, the input voltage of the to-be-protected device and the current flowing through the TVS tube are monitored in real time, so that whether the state of the TVS tube is normal can be effectively detected, and then when the TVS tube fails, the system can timely identify and take corresponding measures, for example, switching to a backup TVS tube, so as to avoid damage of the EFUSE circuit caused by failure of the TVS tube. The real-time monitoring and automatic switching mechanism improves the reliability and stability of the system, reduces the maintenance cost and downtime. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an EFUSE power supply system provided by the related art is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a TVS tube state detection circuit provided by the embodiments of the application is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a TVS tube state detection circuit provided by the embodiments of the application is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiments of the application is shown.

[0030] Figure 5 A flowchart of a control method of an EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiments of the application is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 6 A flowchart of a control method of an EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiments of the application is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 7A TVS tube power and pulse width corresponding relationship diagram provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 8 A control device structure diagram of an EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0034] Figure 9 A structure diagram of an electronic device provided by the application.

[0035] Reference signs:

[0036] 201: a voltage sampling module; 202: a first switch module; 203: a first controller; 204: a first current sampling module; 205: an analog-to-digital converter; 206: a second controller; D21: a first TVS tube; D22: a second TVS tube; R21: a first resistor; R22: a second resistor; R30: a third resistor; G21: a first switch tube; G22: a second switch tube; R28: a fourth resistor; R27: a fifth resistor; R29: a sixth resistor; C25: a first capacitor; C26: a second capacitor; F21: a fuse; PU22: a first amplifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the description of the application, the terms "comprise", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. The terms "first", "second" and the like in the application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0039] The rise of the server whole cabinet, as a comprehensive solution to meet the demand for high computing power, low energy consumption and rapid deployment, clearly highlights the trend of the industry from "calculation" to "intelligent calculation". With the popularization of liquid cooling technology and the unification of industry standards, the whole cabinet will inevitably become the core infrastructure for data centers to realize green and intelligent.

[0040] In this context, server cabinets typically use copper busbars to provide 54V power to single-node servers. This has led to the increasing use of 54V electrically programmable fuses (EFUSEs). However, in scenarios such as hot-swap, output overcurrent protection, and output short-circuit protection, circuit voltages are prone to transient surges. To prevent damage to various circuit components, transient voltage suppressor diodes (TVS) are required to suppress these surges.

[0041] In related technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, a TVS diode D11 is added to the voltage input terminal VIN of the EFUSE circuit PU11. During hot-swap, output overcurrent protection, or output short-circuit protection, when a surge voltage momentarily appears on the protected circuit P54V_INPUT, TVS diode D11 rapidly undergoes Zener breakdown, switching from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state. This shunts and clamps the surge voltage, thereby protecting the components in the circuit from damage. However, the TVS diode in the 54V EFUSE power supply system cannot monitor its status. Therefore, due to aging or damage, the TVS diode often loses its original protective function, causing damage to the EFUSE circuit, system malfunction, and even the risk of board burnout.

[0042] To solve the above problem, the inventors of the present application have discovered that by detecting the input voltage of the EFUSE and determining whether the status of the TVS tube is normal based on the changes in the input voltage, further processing can be performed after a fault occurs, such as cutting out the faulty TVS tube and putting a spare TVS tube into use, thereby achieving stable protection for the EFUSE.

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the TVS tube state detection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ,like Figure 2As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a TVS tube state detection circuit, which is described in detail as follows: the circuit comprises: a voltage sampling module 201, a first switch module 202, a first current sampling module 204, and a first controller 203; the voltage sampling module 201 is connected with the first end of the first switch module 202 and the voltage input end of the device to be protected, and is connected with the first controller 203, for sampling the input voltage of the voltage input end and outputting the collected voltage sampling signal to the first controller 203; the first current sampling module 204 is connected with the second end of the first switch module 202 at the first input end, is grounded through the first TVS tube D21 at the second input end, and is connected with the first controller 203 at the output end, for sampling the current flowing through the first TVS tube D21 and outputting the collected first current sampling signal to the first controller 203; the first switch module 202 is connected with the first controller 203 at the control end, for being turned on or turned off under the control of the first controller 203; and the first controller 203 is specifically used for generating state detection information according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal.

[0045] In the embodiment, the device to be protected can be an EFUSE execution module. The first controller 203 can be a digital signal processor (DSP), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0046] In the specific working process, the voltage input end of the to-be-protected device receives an input voltage, and after voltage conversion is performed on the input voltage, a power voltage is provided for the first controller 203. After the first controller 203 is powered on, a first control signal can be output to the first switch module 202, so that the first switch module 202 is turned on, and the first TVS tube D21 is put into use. The input voltage is divided by the resistor of the voltage sampling module 201 to obtain a voltage sampling signal, and the voltage sampling signal is sent to the first controller 203. The first current sampling module 204 samples the current flowing through the first TVS tube D21, and sends the collected first current sampling signal to the first controller 203. The first controller 203 generates state detection information of the first TVS tube D21 according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal, for example, whether the first TVS tube D21 is in a normal use state or a fault state. If the first TVS tube D21 is in a fault state, the first control signal can be pulled low to turn off the first switch module 202, so that the first TVS tube D21 is cut out, or whether the first TVS tube D21 meets the current power demand. If not, the standby second TVS tube D22 is switched in. The embodiment not only can monitor the input voltage, but also can sample the current flowing through the TVS tube. This double monitoring mechanism enables the first controller 203 to more accurately judge the working state of the TVS tube. In combination with the voltage and the first current sampling signal, the system can more accurately detect the abnormal state of the TVS tube, such as open circuit, overcurrent or short circuit, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of fault detection. This design enhances the protection capability of the circuit, ensures the stable operation of the to-be-protected device (such as the EFUSE circuit), further reduces the system risk caused by the failure of the TVS tube, and improves the reliability and safety of the data center.

[0047] In some embodiments, the TVS tube state detection circuit can further include a second controller 206. The second controller 206 is connected with the first controller 203, and is used to receive the state detection information of the first TVS tube D21 output by the first controller 203, so as to push the state detection information to a display interface to inform the user. The second controller 206 can be a baseboard management controller (BMC).

[0048] The TVS tube state detection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can effectively detect whether the state of the TVS tube is normal by monitoring the input voltage of the to-be-protected device and the current flowing through the TVS tube in real time, and then when the TVS tube fails, the system can timely identify and take corresponding measures, such as switching to a standby TVS tube, thereby avoiding damage to the EFUSE circuit caused by the failure of the TVS tube. This real-time monitoring and automatic switching mechanism improves the reliability and stability of the system, reduces maintenance costs and downtime.

[0049] In some embodiments, a multi-stage trigger type multi-TVS parallel protection mode can be proposed to solve the problem that a single-stage TVS may fail under an extreme surge. Specifically, by setting multiple stages of TVS tubes with different breakdown voltages (Vbr) values in parallel, and using a first controller 203 to monitor the first current sampling signal of a first current sampling module 204. When an extreme surge comes, the first stage TVS tube acts first; if the surge energy is too large, its clamping voltage will rise, and the controller will recognize through the current sampling signal that the voltage exceeds the breakdown threshold of the second or third stage TVS tube, and then actively put into the second or third stage TVS tube, or both. The multi-stage TVS simultaneously discharges current, thereby dispersing the huge surge power load and avoiding the risk of single-stage TVS burning out due to overload, significantly improving the survivability and reliability of the circuit under extreme conditions.

[0050] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The first current sampling module 204 includes a third resistor R30 and a first amplifier PU22; the third resistor R30 has a first end connected to the second end of the first switch module 202 and the first input end of the first amplifier PU22, a second end connected to the first TVS tube D21 and the second input end of the first amplifier PU22, for sampling the current flowing through the first TVS tube D21 and outputting the collected initial sampling signal to the first amplifier PU22; the first amplifier PU22 has an output end connected to the first controller 203, for amplifying the initial sampling signal to obtain the first current sampling signal and outputting the first current sampling signal to the first controller 203. In this embodiment, by introducing the third resistor R30 and the first amplifier PU22 in the first current sampling module 204, the current flowing through the TVS tube can be accurately sampled and amplified. The third resistor R30 provides the initial first current sampling signal, and the first amplifier PU22 amplifies the signal to ensure the accuracy and sensitivity of the first current sampling signal. In this way, the first controller 203 can more accurately monitor and judge the state of the TVS tube, improve the accuracy and response speed of fault detection, and thereby enhance the protection capability and reliability of the system.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 The TVS protection circuit 1 detects the current flowing through the first TVS tube D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1 through the precision resistor (i.e. the third resistor) R30, connects to the input end RS+ and RS- of the precision amplifier (i.e. the first amplifier) PU22, amplifies and outputs ISENSE_TVS1 to INA+ and INA- of the analog-to-digital converter 205, and then outputs to the first controller 203 after processing by the analog-to-digital converter 205.

[0052] In some embodiments, asFigure 3 As shown, the voltage sampling module 201 includes: a first resistor R21 and a second resistor R22; the first end of the first resistor R21 is connected to the voltage input end of the device to be protected, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second resistor R22 and the first controller 203; the second end of the second resistor R22 is grounded. In this embodiment, the voltage sampling module 201 forms a resistor divider structure by introducing the first resistor R21 and the second resistor R22, which is used to sample the input voltage of the device to be protected. Through this voltage divider circuit, a higher input voltage can be converted into a low voltage signal suitable for processing by the first controller 203, thereby ensuring the safety and accuracy of voltage sampling. This design not only simplifies the circuit structure, but also improves the stability and reliability of the voltage signal, allowing the first controller 203 to more accurately monitor changes in the input voltage, promptly identify and respond to abnormal conditions of the TVS tube, and thereby improve the protection capability and operational stability of the entire system.

[0053] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the input voltage P54V_INPUT is input to the voltage input terminal VIN of the EFUSE circuit of the device to be protected, and the voltage is divided by resistors R23 and R24 to obtain P54V_STBY_EN, which is input to the EN of the EFUSE execution module to control the operation of the EFUSE execution module. When the value of P54V_STBY_EN exceeds the threshold of the EFUSE execution module EN, the EFUSE execution module begins to operate, and the output voltage P54V_STBY increases according to the set slope. When the output voltage P54V_STBY reaches a certain level, P54V_STBY_PG becomes high, and P54V_STBY_PG can be input to the first controller 203 to monitor the EFUSE power supply system. If the EFUSE execution module operates abnormally, P54V_STBY_PG becomes low. The input voltage P54V_INPUT is divided by the first resistor R21 and the second resistor R22 to obtain a voltage sampling signal VSENSE_P54V_INPUT, and the VSENSE_P54V_INPUT is transmitted to the first controller 203 through the analog-to-digital converter 205.

[0054] In some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, the first switch module 202 includes: a first switch tube G21, a second switch tube G22, a fourth resistor R28, a fifth resistor R27, a sixth resistor R29, a first capacitor C25, and a second capacitor C26; the first switch tube G21 has a first end connected to the voltage input terminal of the device to be protected and a second end connected to the first TVS tube D21, and a control end connected to the second end of the second switch tube G22 through the fourth resistor R28, for being turned on or turned off under the control of the second switch tube G22; the second switch tube G22 has a first end connected to the ground and a control end connected to the first controller 203, for being turned on or turned off under the control of the first controller 203; the fifth resistor R27 and the first capacitor C25 are connected in parallel between the first end of the first switch tube G21 and the control end of the first switch tube G21, for damping the oscillation signal between the first end and the control end of the first switch tube G21; the sixth resistor R29 and the second capacitor C26 are connected in parallel between the first end of the second switch tube G22 and the control end of the second switch tube G22, for damping the oscillation signal between the first end and the control end of the second switch tube G22. In this embodiment, the first switch module 202 introduces multiple elements, including the first switch tube G21, the second switch tube G22, and related resistors and capacitors, to form a complex control circuit. The combination of the first switch tube G21 and the second switch tube G22 enables the system to accurately control the access or disconnection of the TVS tube under the instruction of the first controller 203. By connecting the fifth resistor R27, the first capacitor C25, the sixth resistor R29, and the second capacitor C26 in parallel between the control end of the first switch tube G21 and the second switch tube G22 and their corresponding terminals, the oscillation in the control signal can be effectively suppressed. This damping design reduces electromagnetic interference and oscillation phenomena in switching operations, improves the stability and reliability of switching actions, and thus ensures the smoothness and safety of the TVS tube switching process, further enhancing the anti-interference ability of the entire circuit and the overall stability of the system.

[0055] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the TVS tube state detection circuit further includes: a fuse F21; the fuse F21 has a first end connected to the voltage input terminal of the device to be protected and a second end connected to the first end of the first switch module 202. In this embodiment, the fuse F21 is introduced into the TVS tube state detection circuit to further enhance the protection mechanism of the circuit. The fuse F21 is connected between the voltage input terminal of the device to be protected and the first end of the first switch module 202, providing an additional safety barrier. When abnormal current or short circuit occurs in the circuit, the fuse F21 can quickly melt and cut off the current path, thereby preventing overcurrent from damaging other elements in the circuit. This design not only protects the TVS tube and the EFUSE circuit, but also can timely detect the abnormal state of the TVS tube and take corresponding protection measures.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The TVS tube state detection circuit further includes an analog-to-digital converter 205. The first input end of the analog-to-digital converter 205 is connected with the output end of the voltage sampling module 201, and the output end is connected with the first controller 203. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used for analog-to-digital conversion of the voltage sampling signal, obtaining a voltage digital signal, and outputting the voltage digital signal to the first controller 203. In this embodiment, by introducing the analog-to-digital converter 205 in the TVS tube state detection circuit, the accuracy and processing capacity of voltage monitoring are significantly improved. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is connected between the output end of the voltage sampling module 201 and the first controller 203, and is responsible for converting the analog voltage sampling signal into a digital signal. This conversion process enables the first controller 203 to receive and process voltage information in digital form, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of data processing. Digital signals are easier to store, analyze and transmit, facilitating the implementation of complex algorithm processing and real-time monitoring. In addition, digital processing reduces the noise and errors that may be introduced in the process of analog signal transmission, further enhancing the reliability and stability of the system, and providing a solid foundation for accurately determining the state of the TVS tube.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The second input end of the analog-to-digital converter 205 is connected with the output end of the current sampling module, and the analog-to-digital converter 205 is further used for analog-to-digital conversion of the first current sampling signal, obtaining a current digital signal, and outputting the current digital signal to the first controller 203. In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter 205 not only converts the voltage sampling signal into a digital signal, but also converts the first current sampling signal into a digital signal. This dual conversion capability enables the first controller 203 to simultaneously receive voltage and current data in digital form, providing more comprehensive monitoring information. Digital voltage and current signals improve the accuracy and speed of data processing, reducing noise and errors in analog signal transmission. This design enhances the diagnostic capability and response speed of the system, helping to more accurately determine the state of the TVS tube and improve the overall reliability and safety of the circuit.

[0058] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the EFUSE protection circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 4As shown, the EFUSE protection circuit includes: a voltage sampling module 201, a first switch module 202, a first current sampling module 204, a first TVS tube D21, a second switch module 207, a second TVS tube D22 and a first controller 203. The voltage sampling module 201 is connected with the first end of the first switch module 202, the second end of the second switch module 207 and the voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, and is connected with the first controller 203, for sampling the input voltage of the voltage input end and outputting the collected voltage sampling signal to the first controller 203. The first current sampling module 204 is connected with the second end of the first switch module 202 at the first input end, is grounded through the first TVS tube D21 at the second input end, and is connected with the first controller 203 at the output end, for sampling the current flowing through the first TVS tube D21 and outputting the collected first current sampling signal to the first controller 203; the first controller 203 is specifically used for generating the first control signal and the second control signal according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal. The first switch module 202 is connected with the first controller 203 at the control end, for being turned off according to the first control signal. The second switch module 207 is grounded through the second TVS tube D22 at the second end, is connected with the first controller 203 at the control end, and is used for being turned on according to the second control signal.

[0059] In the specific working process, as Figure 3As shown, the input voltage P54V INPUT is input to the voltage input terminal VIN of the device EFUSE to be protected, and the P54V STBY EN is obtained by voltage division through the resistors R23 and R24 and input to the EN of the EFUSE execution module, to control the working of the EFUSE execution module. When the value of the P54V STBY EN exceeds the threshold value of the EN of the EFUSE execution module, the EFUSE execution module starts to work, and the output voltage P54V STBY rises according to the set slope. When the output voltage P54V STBY reaches a certain degree, the P54V STBY PG becomes high, and the P54V STBY PG can be input to the first controller 203 to monitor the EFUSE power supply system. If the EFUSE execution module works abnormally, the P54V STBY PG becomes low. The input voltage P54V INPUT is divided by the first resistor R21 and the second resistor R22 to obtain the voltage sampling signal VSENSE P54V INPUT, and the VSENSE P54V INPUT is transmitted to the first controller 203 through the analog-to-digital converter 205. The first controller 203 judges whether the first TVS tube D21 fails according to the voltage sampling signal, and if so, the first control signal can be output to the first switch module 202 to control the first switch module 202 to turn off and cut out the TVS protection circuit 1 in which the first TVS tube D21 is located, and the second control signal can also be output to the second switch module 207 to control the second switch module 207 to close and put the TVS protection circuit 2 into use.

[0060] In the specific working process, for example, Figure 3As shown, the input voltage P54V INPUT is input to the voltage input terminal VIN of the device EFUSE to be protected, and is divided by the resistors R23 and R24 to obtain P54V STBY EN input to the EN of the EFUSE execution module, to control the working of the EFUSE execution module. When the value of P54V STBY EN exceeds the threshold value of the EN of the EFUSE execution module, the EFUSE execution module starts to work, and the output voltage P54V STBY rises according to the set slope. When the output voltage P54V STBY reaches a certain degree, P54V STBY PG becomes high, and P54V STBY PG can be input to the first controller 203 to monitor the EFUSE power supply system. If the EFUSE execution module works abnormally, P54V STBY PG becomes low. The input voltage P54V INPUT is divided by the first resistor R21 and the second resistor R22 to obtain the voltage sampling signal VSENSE P54V INPUT. VSENSE P54V INPUT is transmitted to the first controller 203 through the analog-to-digital converter 205. The first controller 203 judges whether the first TVS tube D21 fails according to the voltage sampling signal, and if so, can output a first control signal to the first switch module 202 to control the first switch module 202 to turn off and cut out the TVS protection circuit 1 in which the first TVS tube D21 is located, and can also output a second control signal to the second switch module 207 to control the second switch module 207 to close and put the TVS protection circuit 2 into use.

[0061] TVS protection circuit 1 receives the signal DSP_TVS1_EN from first controller 203 and performs corresponding operations based on the signal's status. When first controller 203 is powered on, DSP_TVS1_EN = 1, MOS transistors Q21 and Q22 turn on, TVS transistor D21 becomes operational, and VS protection circuit 1 enters protection mode. TVS protection circuit 1 detects the current flowing through TVS transistor D21 in TVS protection circuit 1 via precision resistor R30. This current is connected to the input terminals RS+ and RS- of first amplifier PU22, amplified, and outputs ISENSE_TVS1, which is input to INA+ and INA- terminals of analog-to-digital converter 205. ADC 205 receives the analog voltage ISENSE_TVS1 from TVS protection circuit 1 and converts it into a digital voltage signal. ADC 205 also receives the analog voltage ISENSE_TVS2 from TVS protection circuit 2 and converts it into a digital voltage signal. ADC 205 also receives the analog voltage VSENSE_P54V_INPUT input from the EFUSE execution module and converts it into a digital voltage signal. The digital voltage signal is transmitted to the first controller 203 via a differential signal. First controller 203 receives ISENSE_TVS1_D0+ / ISENSE_TVS1_D0-, ISENSE_TVS2_D1+ / ISENSE_TVS2_D1-, and VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2+ / VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2- from the analog-to-digital converter 205. Using a series of complex algorithms, first controller 203 determines the status of transistor D21 in TVS protection circuit 1, whether transistor D21 meets surge voltage protection requirements, and whether TVS protection circuit 1 is faulty. If fuse F21 or TVS transistor D21 in TVS protection circuit 1 is determined to be faulty, DSP_TVS1_EN = 0, MOS transistors Q21 and Q22 are turned off, TVS transistor D21 is deactivated, and TVS protection circuit 1 is deactivated. TVS protection circuit 2 is then activated. In addition, if the TVS diode D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1 fails, the fault information is transmitted to the second controller 206 (eg, the BMC control module) via I2C communication.

[0062] If it is determined that the TVS protection circuit 1 cannot meet the requirements of the surge voltage protection, the information that the TVS protection circuit 1 cannot meet the requirements is transmitted to the second controller 206 (such as a BMC control module), and the TVS protection circuit 2 enters a protection state. The second controller 206 (such as a BMC control module) receives the state of the TVS diode in the TVS protection circuit 1 transmitted by the first controller 203 through I2C communication. The EFUSE protection circuit can simultaneously collect voltage and current signals and transmit these signals to the first controller 203 for processing. The first controller 203 generates first and second control signals according to the voltage and first current sampling signals, realizing accurate control and management of the circuit. This double sampling mechanism enables the system to more comprehensively monitor the state of the TVS tube and timely identify abnormal conditions. By generating control signals for different switching modules, various measures can be taken when the TVS tube is abnormal, such as switching the TVS tube or adjusting the circuit state, thereby improving the response speed and protection effect of the circuit and enhancing the reliability and safety of the system.

[0063] The EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application realizes dynamic protection and management of the circuit through the integrated voltage sampling module 201, first and second switching modules 202 and 207, and corresponding TVS tubes and controllers. The voltage sampling module 201 monitors the input voltage in real time and converts it into a voltage sampling signal transmitted to the first controller 203. The first controller 203 generates first and second control signals according to the signal, which are used to control the states of the first and second switching modules 202 and 207, respectively. When an abnormality (such as short circuit, open circuit, etc.) is detected in the first TVS tube D21, the first control signal can quickly turn off the first switching module 202 to disconnect the first TVS tube D21. At the same time, the second control signal can turn on the second switching module 207 to connect the second TVS tube D22 to the circuit to provide continuous protection. This design realizes automatic switching and redundant protection of the TVS tube, improves the response speed and reliability of the system, and ensures the safety and stability of the EFUSE circuit under various working conditions.

[0064] It should be noted that the TVS protection circuit 2 can have the same structure as the TVS protection circuit 1, or can have a different structure, which can be designed according to actual needs.

[0065] In some embodiments, the EFUSE protection circuit may further include: a second current sampling module; the second current sampling module having a first input end connected to the second end of the second switch module 207, a second input end connected to ground via the second TVS diode D22, and an output end connected to the first controller 203, for sampling the current flowing through the second TVS diode D22 to obtain a second current sampling signal. In embodiments of the present application, by providing the second current sampling module to sample the current flowing through the second TVS diode D22, the status of the second TVS diode D22 can be detected after the second TVS diode D22 is put into use, so that the second TVS diode D22 can be disconnected if a fault occurs.

[0066] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the control method of the EFUSE protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .like Figure 5 As shown, the method includes:

[0067] 501. Obtain a voltage sampling signal of an input voltage at a voltage input terminal of an EFUSE to be protected and a first current sampling signal of a current flowing through a first TVS tube.

[0068] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the EFUSE protection circuit includes: a voltage sampling module 201, a first switch module 202, a first TVS diode D21, a second switch module, a second TVS diode D22, and a first controller 203. The voltage sampling module 201 has an input end connected to the first end of the first switch module 202, the second end of the second switch module, and the voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, and an output end connected to the first controller 203. The first switch module 202 has a second end connected to ground via the first TVS diode D21, and a control end connected to the first controller 203. The first controller 203 may be the executor of this embodiment.

[0069] 502 . Output a first control signal to the first switch module 202 and output a second control signal to the second switch module according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal.

[0070] The control method for an EFUSE protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application uses a voltage sampling module 201 to obtain a voltage sampling signal from the voltage input terminal of the EFUSE to be protected, ensuring real-time monitoring of voltage changes. Furthermore, by collecting a first current sampling signal flowing through the first TVS diode D21, this provides an important basis for determining the circuit status. Based on the voltage and first current sampling signals, the first controller 203 generates and outputs first and second control signals, respectively controlling the states of the first and second switch modules. This method enables the system to quickly detect whether the first TVS diode D21 is faulty based on voltage or current changes. If a fault occurs, the switch module is switched off to disconnect the first TVS diode D21 and put the second TVS diode D22 into operation, ensuring stable operation of the EFUSE protection circuit under various operating conditions.

[0071] In some embodiments, based on the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal, a first control signal is output to the first switch module 202 and a second control signal is output to the second switch module. The control includes: if the voltage sampling signal is greater than a first threshold, determining the maximum voltage during the period when the voltage sampling signal is less than a second threshold based on the voltage sampling signal; determining the maximum current flowing through the first TVS diode D21 and the sampling time of the half-current value based on the first current sampling signal; the second threshold being greater than the first threshold; and determining that the first TVS diode D21 has failed if the maximum voltage is greater than a third threshold. The first control signal is used to shut down the first switch module 202, and the second control signal is used to turn on the second switch module. If the maximum voltage is less than the third threshold, a theoretical power value is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the power pulse width of the first TVS diode D21 and the sampling time, and an actual power value is determined based on the maximum voltage and maximum current values. If the actual power value is less than or equal to the theoretical power value, the recorded number is updated. If the updated recorded number is greater than a preset number, a second control signal is output to the second switch module; and the second control signal is used to turn on the second switch module.

[0072] In this embodiment, by setting the first, second and third thresholds, the system can effectively monitor and manage the state of the TVS tube. The first threshold represents the breakdown voltage of the first TVS tube D21, the second threshold is the clamping voltage, and the third threshold is the maximum continuous voltage in the normal working state. When the voltage sampling signal exceeds the first threshold and determines the maximum voltage within the period below the second threshold, if the maximum value exceeds the third threshold, it is determined that the first TVS tube D21 fails. At this time, the system turns off the first switch module 202 through the first control signal, and turns on the second switch module through the second control signal, switching to the standby TVS tube. This mechanism takes advantage of the fast response characteristics of the TVS tube to quickly clamp the voltage in the case of overvoltage, protecting the circuit from damage. This method improves the accuracy and response speed of fault detection, ensures the continuous protection and stable operation of the circuit, and enhances the reliability and safety of the system. By collecting the first current sampling signal, the EFUSE protection circuit can more accurately monitor the current flowing through the first TVS tube D21. When the voltage sampling signal exceeds the first threshold, the system calculates the maximum current value flowing through the first TVS tube D21, as well as the sampling time of the half-current value. If the voltage maximum value is less than the third threshold, the system further calculates the power theoretical value according to the power pulse width corresponding relationship and the sampling time, and calculates the power actual value in combination with the voltage maximum value and the maximum current value. By comparing the power actual value and the theoretical value, the system can determine the working state of the TVS tube. If the power actual value is less than or equal to the theoretical value and the number of records exceeds the preset number, the system will output the second control signal to turn on the second switch module. Thus, through the multi-level monitoring and judgment mechanism, the accuracy of fault detection is improved, ensuring that in the case of open circuit, short circuit or power anomaly of the TVS tube, the standby protection is switched to in time, or the standby protection is increased, enhancing the reliability and safety of the system.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first threshold represents the breakdown voltage of the first TVS tube D21. Specifically, the TVS tube usually works in the reverse blocking state, showing high impedance to normal working voltage, with very small leakage current, and the third threshold is the maximum continuous voltage across the device in the normal working state, i.e. the rated working voltage. When the reverse voltage applied across it exceeds its breakdown voltage (the first threshold), it will instantly avalanche breakdown into a low-impedance conduction state, absorbing a huge surge current. The voltage-current characteristic curve of the TVS tube has a very steep rising edge in the breakdown region, meaning that the TVS tube can effectively clamp the voltage at a clamping voltage (i.e. the second threshold) higher than the breakdown voltage (i.e. the first threshold).

[0074] In some embodiments, TVS performance can decrease with aging but not completely fail, so monitoring the aging degree of the TVS tube can be increased to increase the attention level. Specifically, historical data comparison can be increased, and the TVS response time / power tolerance change can be counted. When the second current sampling module detects that a significant current (such as exceeding a set threshold I_trigger) flows through the TVS tube, it is determined that a transient impact event occurs. The controller records and stores the key data of each event: peak current (obtained by the maximum value of the first current sampling signal), duration (the time from exceeding I_trigger to falling below I_trigger), estimated energy (calculated by integral ∫(I_tvs * V_clamp) dt. Where V_clamp can be estimated by the peak current I_peak and the I-V characteristic curve of the TVS.), and timestamp (records the absolute time or running time of each event occurrence).

[0075] In the early stage of the circuit being put into use (or after replacing a new TVS), the data of the first N (for example, 10) effective impact events are recorded when it is ensured that the TVS is in a brand-new state, the average value thereof is calculated as a health baseline, and the time required for the current to start rising to reach the peak in each subsequent event is counted. Aging can cause the response time to slow down. The estimated energy E_estimate absorbed by each event is calculated. The curves of the "single impact energy value" and the "cumulative total energy absorbed" over time are drawn. Impact events with similar peak currents are divided into a group. By comparing events of the same group at different times, if the clamping voltage (reflected by V_clamp) or the absorbed energy in recent events is significantly higher than the early baseline, it indicates that the performance of the TVS has degraded and the clamping ability has decreased. The controller has a built-in aging threshold (such as: the cumulative total energy reaches 80% of the rated energy of the TVS, or the average single impact energy increases by more than 20% compared with the baseline). When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, the controller can report a "TVS aging warning" signal through a pre-set interface (such as I2C, fault flag), prompting the system to maintain or prepare for redundancy protection. In the case of serious aging, the system can adopt a more conservative protection strategy, such as shutting down or reducing the power of the sensitive load in advance.

[0076] The present embodiment realizes predictive maintenance of the TVS tube by increasing a software algorithm in the controller, changes the invisible performance degradation into visual data trends, greatly improves the reliability and maintainability of the system, and the hardware cost is almost zero.

[0077] The implementation process of the control method of the EFUSE protection circuit is described in detail below in combination with Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 . As shown in Figure 6 , the method comprises the following steps:

[0078] 601. The first controller 203 pre-sets Figure 7 The corresponding relationship between TVS tube power and pulse width is stored in the register.

[0079] 602. The first controller 203 outputs the first control signal DSP_TVS1_EN=1, the MOS transistors Q21 (ie, the first switch transistor G21) and Q22 (ie, the second switch transistor G22) are turned on, the first TVS transistor D21 is put into operation, and the TVS protection circuit 1 enters the protection state.

[0080] 603. Continuously detect the voltages of VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2+ and VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2- to obtain the P54V_INPUT voltage.

[0081] For example, Figure 3 As shown, TVS protection circuit 1 detects the current ISENSE_TVS1_DP and ISENSE_TVS1_DN flowing through the first TVS diode D21 of TVS protection circuit 1 via a third resistor R30. The currents are connected to input terminals RS+ and RS- of first amplifier PU22, which amplifies and outputs ISENSE_TVS1 to INA+ and INA- of analog-to-digital converter 205. P54V_INPUT is divided by R21 and R22 to generate an analog voltage VSENSE_P54V_INPUT, which is then passed to INC+ and INC- of PU23 of analog-to-digital converter 205.

[0082] Analog-to-digital converter 205 converts analog voltage ISENSE_TVS1 into digital signals ISENSE_TVS1_D0+ and ISENSE_TVS1_D0-, and transmits these signals via differential signals to first controller 203. Analog-to-digital converter 205 converts analog voltage VSENSE_P54V_INPUT into digital signals VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2+ and VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2-, and transmits these signals via differential signals to first controller 203. First controller 203 receives digital signals ISENSE_TVS1_D0+, ISENSE_TVS1_D0-, and VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2+, VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2- from analog-to-digital converter 205 in real time and participates in the complex algorithm from steps 603 to 613.

[0083] The amplification factor of the first amplifier PU22 may be 50. The analog-to-digital converter 205 may be a 12-bit, 1.6G four-channel analog-to-digital converter 205. The operating main frequency of the first controller 203 may be 1000 MHz.

[0084] 604. Determine whether P54V_INPUT is greater than V BR _TVS (first threshold, i.e. breakdown voltage), if yes, execute step 605, if not, return to execute step 603.

[0085] 605. While P54V_INPUT is less than VR_TVS (the second threshold, i.e., the clamping voltage): first, continuously detect the voltages of VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2+ and VSENSE_P54V_INPUT_D2- to obtain the P54V_INPUT voltage, save the voltage value, and obtain the maximum voltage P54V_INPUT_MAX. Second, continuously detect the currents of ISENSE_TVS1_D0+ and ISENSE_TVS1_D0- to obtain the current ID21 flowing through D21, save the current value, obtain the maximum current ID21_MAX and the half current value ID21_HALF, and record the corresponding times Tr and Td, respectively.

[0086] 606 . Determine whether the maximum voltage value P54V_INPUT_MAX is less than or equal to VMAX_TVS. If not, execute step 607 . If so, execute step 608 .

[0087] 607 . Determine that the first TVS diode D21 is faulty, and transmit the fault information to the second controller 206 (eg, a BMC control module).

[0088] 608. Output DSP_TVS1_EN = 0 to switch off TVS protection circuit 1. Output DSP_TVS2_EN = 1 to put TVS protection circuit 2 into protection state.

[0089] 609. According to Figure 7 The corresponding relationship between TVS tube power and pulse width is shown in the figure. Find the PPP(KW) power PPP(KW)_Td corresponding to the Td time, which is the theoretical power value.

[0090] 610. Calculate the TVS tube's PPP(kW)_TVS=P54V_INPUT_MAX×ID21_MAX, which is the actual power value.

[0091] 611. Determine whether the actual power value PPP(KW)_TVS is greater than the theoretical power value PPP(KW)_Td. If not, execute step 612; if so, execute step 614.

[0092] 612、Counter A is added by 1. If Counter A is added to A100, it indicates that the surge voltage of this circuit is large, and a TVS tube cannot meet the requirements, and the information that the TVS tube cannot meet the requirements is transmitted to the second controller 206 (for example, the BMC control module).

[0093] 613、output DSP_TVS2_EN = 1, and the TVS protection circuit 2 enters the protection state.

[0094] 614、loop detection of the voltage and current of the first TVS tube D21.

[0095] The control method of the EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can detect the open circuit of the first TVS tube D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1 through monitoring the state of the first TVS tube D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1. At the same time, the TVS protection circuit 1 is cut out, and the TVS protection circuit 2 is cut in, so as to avoid the damage of the EFUSE module caused by the open circuit of the TVS tube D21, and even the burnout problem. The control method of the EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can detect the short circuit of the first TVS tube D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1 through monitoring the state of the first TVS tube D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1. At the same time, the TVS protection circuit 1 is cut out, and the TVS protection circuit 2 is cut in, so as to avoid the failure of the surge protection circuit caused by the short circuit of the TVS tube D21, and even the burnout problem. The control method of the EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can monitor the PEAK power when the TVS tube is turned on through monitoring the state of the first TVS tube D21 of the TVS protection circuit 1, so as to avoid the burnout problem caused by the power of the TVS tube D21 exceeding its PPP (KW) when the TVS tube is turned on, and timely put in the TVS protection circuit 2 to meet the protection requirements of the surge voltage.

[0096] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be realized by means of software and the necessary general hardware platform, of course, it can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better embodiment.

[0097] Figure 8 The structure schematic diagram of the control device of the EFUSE protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the application also provides a control device 80 of the EFUSE protection circuit, which comprises an acquisition module 801 and an output module 802.

[0098] The acquisition module 801 is used for acquiring the voltage sampling signal of the input voltage of the voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected.

[0099] The acquisition module 801 is also used for acquiring the first current sampling signal of the current flowing through the first TVS tube.

[0100] The output module 802 is configured to output a first control signal to the first switch module and output a second control signal to the second switch module according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal.

[0101] The voltage sampling module is configured to acquire a voltage sampling signal of a voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, so as to ensure real-time monitoring of voltage changes. Then, the first current sampling signal flowing through the first TVS tube is collected to provide an important basis for judging the circuit state. The first controller generates and outputs the first and second control signals according to the voltage and the first current sampling signal, so as to control the states of the first and second switch modules. This method enables the system to quickly discover whether the first TVS tube is faulty according to the voltage or current changes, and then switches the switch module to cut out the first TVS tube and put the second TVS tube into use when a fault occurs, so as to ensure stable operation of the EFUSE protection circuit under various working conditions.

[0102] In some embodiments, the output module 802 is specifically configured to: if the voltage sampling signal is greater than a first threshold value, determine a voltage maximum value in a period in which the voltage sampling signal is less than a second threshold value according to the voltage sampling signal, and determine a sampling time of a half current value according to the first current sampling signal; the second threshold value is greater than the first threshold value; if the voltage maximum value is greater than a third threshold value, determine that the first TVS tube is faulty; the first control signal is used to turn off the first switch module, and the second control signal is used to turn on the second switch module.

[0103] In some embodiments, the EFUSE protection circuit further comprises a first current sampling module; the first current sampling module has a first input end connected with the second end of the first switch module, a second input end grounded through the first TVS tube, and an output end connected with the first controller; and the output module 802 is further configured to: if the voltage sampling signal is greater than a first threshold value, determine a maximum current value flowing through the first TVS tube and a sampling time of a half current value according to the first current sampling signal; if the voltage maximum value is less than a third threshold value, determine a power theoretical value according to a power pulse width corresponding relationship of the first TVS tube and the sampling time, and determine a power actual value according to the voltage maximum value and the maximum current value; if the power actual value is less than or equal to the power theoretical value, update a record number, and if the updated record number is greater than a preset number, output the second control signal to the second switch module; the second control signal is used to turn on the second switch module.

[0104] The features of the embodiments corresponding to the TVS tube state detection device can be referred to the related descriptions of the embodiments corresponding to the TVS tube state detection method, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] Figure 9A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device is provided in the present application. As shown in Figure 9 The electronic device 90 provided in the present embodiment includes at least one processor 901 and a memory 902. Optionally, the electronic device 90 further includes a communication component 903. The processor 901, the memory 902 and the communication component 903 are connected through a bus.

[0106] In the implementation process, the at least one processor 901 executes the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 902, so that the at least one processor 901 executes the above-mentioned TVS tube state detection method embodiment.

[0107] The specific implementation process of the processor 901 can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiments, which have similar implementation principles and technical effects, and will not be described here in detail.

[0108] In the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) and the like. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor and the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the application can be directly embodied as the execution of the hardware processor, or the execution of the combination of the hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0109] The memory can include a random access memory (RAM), and can also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), for example, at least one disk memory.

[0110] The bus can be an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, a peripheral component (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus and the like. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus and the like. For the convenience of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application does not limit to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0111] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is arranged to execute the steps in the control method of the EFUSE protection circuit.

[0112] In an example embodiment, the computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, a U disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store computer programs.

[0113] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in any of the TVS tube state detection method embodiments.

[0114] The embodiment of the present application further provides another computer program product, which comprises a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and the non-volatile computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in any of the TVS tube state detection method embodiments.

[0115] The skilled person can further realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the examples have been described in general terms in the above description. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0116] The above describes in detail a TVS tube state detection circuit provided by the present application. The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present text, and the above example descriptions are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A transient voltage suppression diode TVS tube state detection circuit, characterized in that: include: A voltage sampling module, a first current sampling module, a first switch module and a first controller; The voltage sampling module has an input end connected to the first end of the first switch module and the voltage input end of the device to be protected, and an output end connected to the first controller, and is used to sample the input voltage of the voltage input end to obtain a voltage sampling signal; The first current sampling module has a first input end connected to the second end of the first switch module, a second input end grounded through a first TVS tube, and an output end connected to the first controller, and is configured to sample the current flowing through the first TVS tube to obtain a first current sampling signal; The first switch module, whose control end is connected to the first controller, is used to turn on or off under the control of the first controller; The first controller is configured to generate state detection information according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal.

2. The TVS tube state detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first current sampling module includes a third resistor and a first amplifier; The third resistor has a first end connected to the second end of the first switch module and the first input end of the first amplifier, and a second end connected to the first TVS tube and the second input end of the first amplifier, and is used to sample the current flowing through the first TVS tube and output the collected initial sampling signal to the first amplifier; The first amplifier, whose output end is connected to the first controller, is used to amplify the initial sampling signal to obtain a first current sampling signal, and output the first current sampling signal to the first controller.

3. The TVS tube state detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage sampling module includes: a first resistor and a second resistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the voltage input end of the device to be protected, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second resistor and the first controller; the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

4. The TVS tube state detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch module includes: a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; The first switching tube has a first end connected to the voltage input terminal of the device to be protected, a second end connected to the first TVS tube, and a control end connected to the second end of the second switching tube via the fourth resistor, and is configured to be turned on or off under the control of the second switching tube; The second switch tube has a first end connected to the ground and a control end connected to the first controller, and is configured to be turned on or off under the control of the first controller; The fifth resistor and the first capacitor are connected in parallel between the first terminal of the first switching tube and the control terminal of the first switching tube, and are used to damp the oscillation signal between the first terminal and the control terminal of the first switching tube; The sixth resistor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel between the first end of the second switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube, and are used to damp the oscillation signal between the first end and the control end of the second switch tube.

5. The TVS tube state detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: fuse; The fuse has a first end connected to the voltage input end of the device to be protected, and a second end connected to the first end of the first switch module.

6. The TVS tube state detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: analog-to-digital converters; The analog-to-digital converter has a first input end connected to the output end of the voltage sampling module, a second input end connected to the output end of the current sampling module, and an output end connected to the first controller, and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage sampling signal to obtain a voltage digital signal, perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first current sampling signal to obtain a current digital signal, and output the voltage digital signal and the current digital signal to the first controller.

7. The TVS tube state detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: a second controller; The second controller is connected to the first controller, and is used to receive the status detection information and push the status detection information.

8. An electronic fuse EFUSE protection circuit, characterized in that: include: A voltage sampling module, a first switch module, a first current sampling module, a first TVS tube, a second switch module, a second TVS tube and a first controller; The voltage sampling module has an input end connected to the first end of the first switch module, the second end of the second switch module and the voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, and an output end connected to the first controller, and is used to sample the input voltage of the voltage input end to obtain a voltage sampling signal; The first current sampling module has a first input end connected to the second end of the first switch module, a second input end grounded through the first TVS tube, and an output end connected to the first controller, and is configured to sample the current flowing through the first TVS tube to obtain a first current sampling signal; The first controller is configured to generate a first control signal and a second control signal according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal; The first switch module, whose control end is connected to the first controller, is configured to be turned off according to the first control signal; The second switch module has a second end connected to the ground through the second TVS tube, and a control end connected to the first controller, and is configured to be turned on according to the second control signal.

9. The EFUSE protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes a second current sampling module; The second current sampling module has a first input end connected to the second end of the second switch module, a second input end grounded through the second TVS tube, and an output end connected to the first controller, and is used to sample the current flowing through the second TVS tube to obtain a second current sampling signal.

10. A control method for an EFUSE protection circuit, characterized in that: The EFUSE protection circuit includes: a voltage sampling module, a first switch module, a first current sampling module, a first TVS tube, a second switch module, a second current sampling module, a second TVS tube and a first controller; the voltage sampling module has an input end connected to the first end of the first switch module, the second end of the second switch module and the voltage input end of the EFUSE to be protected, and an output end connected to the first controller; the first current sampling module has a first input end connected to the second end of the first switch module, a second input end grounded through the first TVS tube, and an output end connected to the first controller; the first switch module has a control end connected to the first controller; the first switch module has a second end grounded through the first TVS tube, and a control end connected to the first controller; the method includes: Acquire a voltage sampling signal of an input voltage of a voltage input terminal of the EFUSE to be protected; Acquire a first current sampling signal flowing through the first TVS tube; According to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal, a first control signal is output to the first switch module, and a second control signal is output to the second switch module.

11. The control method of the EFUSE protection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step of outputting a first control signal to the first switch module and a second control signal to the second switch module according to the voltage sampling signal and the first current sampling signal includes: If the voltage sampling signal is greater than the first threshold, determining the maximum voltage value during the period when the voltage sampling signal is less than the second threshold according to the voltage sampling signal; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; determining the maximum current value flowing through the first TVS diode and the sampling time of the half current value according to the first current sampling signal; If the maximum voltage is greater than a third threshold, it is determined that the first TVS tube has failed, and a first control signal is output to the first switch module and a second control signal is output to the second switch module; the first control signal is used to turn off the first switch module, and the second control signal is used to turn on the second switch module; If the maximum voltage is less than the third threshold, determining the theoretical power value according to the power pulse width correspondence and the sampling time of the first TVS tube, and determining the actual power value according to the maximum voltage and the maximum current value; If the actual power value is less than or equal to the theoretical power value, the recorded number of times is updated; If the updated record number is greater than the preset number, the second control signal is output to the second switch module.

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