Safety operation area optimization method and system for surface mine slope

Abstract

The invention provides a safe operation area optimization method and system for a surface mine slope, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geological parameters of the surface mine slope; constructing a geological generalization model of the surface mine slope; based on the geological generalization model of the surface mine slope, constructing a finite element model of the surface mine slope; joint finite element analysis is conducted on the finite element model of the surface mine slope, an excavation scheme is initialized, the excavation process of the mine slope is gradually simulated, and plastic zone distribution, displacement settlement and a safety coefficient of each step in the excavation process are analyzed; determining a potential sliding surface according to plastic zone distribution and displacement settlement; building a block system model of the surface mine slope according to the potential sliding surface; using a discontinuous deformation analysis method to simulate an instability process under different friction angles, and analyzing a sliding path and a sliding body accumulation range; and determining a safe operation area of the surface mine slope according to the sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to a method and system for optimizing a safe operating area on an open-pit mine slope. Background Art

[0002] Optimizing safe operating areas on open-pit mine slopes is crucial. By precisely demarcating operating areas, high-risk zones can be effectively identified, preventing casualties, equipment damage, and economic losses caused by slope instability. This approach also maximizes the utilization of resources within safe areas, reduces unnecessary support costs, and improves mining efficiency. Furthermore, this optimization dynamically integrates risk assessment and monitoring, providing a scientific basis for sustainable mine development. This ensures safe production while promoting efficient resource utilization and environmental protection, making it an essential component of mine operations.

[0003] Safe operating areas on open-pit mine slopes are often empirically delineated based on expert experience, historical cases, and geological survey results, through on-site investigations and slope stability analysis. However, due to their subjectivity and limitations, empirical methods are unable to meet the safety requirements of complex slopes in modern open-pit mines. For complex slopes with well-developed joints and irregularly distributed faults, it is difficult to accurately assess high-risk areas based solely on experience.

[0004] With the rapid development of modern technology, more and more modern techniques are being applied to the determination of safe operating areas on open-pit mine slopes. The limit equilibrium method (LEM) has been widely used due to its relatively simple calculations. However, the LEM assumes that the sliding body remains rigid before instability and does not consider the deformation characteristics of the rock and soil. This makes it difficult to accurately simulate complex geological conditions and excavation dynamics, and it is unable to accurately and timely update the safe operating area, resulting in unsafe areas being defined. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems that the limit equilibrium method in the prior art assumes that the sliding body remains in a rigid body state before becoming unstable, does not consider the deformation characteristics of the rock and soil, is difficult to accurately simulate complex geological conditions and dynamic changes in excavation, cannot accurately and timely update the safe working area, and causes the designated area to be unsafe, the present invention provides a safe working area optimization method and system for open-pit mine slopes.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] First aspect:

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing a safe operating area on an open-pit mine slope, comprising:

[0009] S1: Obtain geological parameters of open pit mine slope;

[0010] S2: constructing a geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope according to the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope;

[0011] S3: constructing a finite element model of the open-pit mine slope based on the geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope;

[0012] S4: performing a joint finite element analysis on the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope, initializing an excavation plan, gradually simulating the excavation process of the mine slope, and analyzing the plastic zone distribution, displacement settlement, and safety factor of each step in the excavation process;

[0013] S5: Determine whether the safety factor is greater than a safety threshold; if so, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a stable state and continue simulating the excavation process; otherwise, stop simulating the excavation process and proceed to the next step;

[0014] S6: determining a potential sliding surface according to the plastic zone distribution and the displacement and settlement;

[0015] S7: establishing a block system model of the open-pit mine slope according to the potential sliding surface;

[0016] S8: Use the discontinuous deformation analysis method to simulate the instability process under different friction angles and analyze the sliding path and the accumulation range of the sliding body;

[0017] S9: Determine a safe operating area of ​​the open-pit mine slope according to the accumulation range of the sliding body under different friction angles.

[0018] Second aspect:

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention provides a safe operation area optimization system for an open-pit mine slope, comprising:

[0020] processor;

[0021] A memory having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0022] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0023] In the present invention, a combined finite element analysis and discontinuous deformation analysis method is used to accurately simulate complex geological conditions and dynamic changes in excavation, and dynamically analyze the sliding path and sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles. Then, based on the sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles, the safe operating area of ​​the open-pit mine slope is determined, and the safe operating area is updated accurately and timely to ensure the long-term safe operation of the open-pit mine slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing a safe operating area on an open-pit mine slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a safe operating area optimization system for an open-pit mine slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as an "exemplary" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "and / or" can mean both or either of the two.

[0029] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Reference Manual Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of a method for optimizing a safe operating area of ​​an open-pit mine slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing a safe operating area for an open-pit mine slope. The method can be implemented by a device for optimizing a safe operating area for an open-pit mine slope, which can be a terminal or a server. The process flow of the method for optimizing a safe operating area for an open-pit mine slope may include the following steps:

[0032] S1: Obtain geological parameters of open pit mine slope.

[0033] Among them, geological parameters include rock mass physical and mechanical parameters (such as density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, shear strength parameters, etc.), joint and structural surface parameters (such as joint distribution, joint mechanical parameters, structural surface characteristics, etc.), hydrogeological parameters (such as groundwater level, permeability coefficient, pore water pressure) and topographic parameters (such as slope geometry).

[0034] S2: Based on the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope, a geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope is constructed.

[0035] Among them, the geological generalized model is a mathematical or numerical model that simplifies and abstracts the actual geological conditions and structural characteristics and is used to simulate and analyze geotechnical engineering or geological phenomena.

[0036] Specifically, based on the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope, engineering software such as ArcGIS, Surfe, AutoCAD, Rhino, and Leapfrog can be used to construct a geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope.

[0037] S3: Based on the geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope, a finite element model of the open-pit mine slope is constructed.

[0038] Specifically, the geological model of an open-pit mine slope can be divided into cells and boundary conditions can be set. Geotechnical parameters are then assigned to each cell, and initial stresses are set to form a finite element model. The strength reduction method (SRM) is then used to gradually reduce the geotechnical strength and calculate the safety factor.

[0039] S4: Perform joint finite element analysis on the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope, initialize the excavation plan, gradually simulate the excavation process of the mine slope, and analyze the plastic zone distribution, displacement settlement, and safety factor of each step in the excavation process.

[0040] In a possible implementation, S4 specifically includes sub-steps S401 to S407:

[0041] S401: Divide the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope into multiple nodal units.

[0042] S402: Determine the relationship between stress and displacement of the elements in the node:

[0043]

[0044] Where σ represents the normal stress of the element, τ represents the normal stress of the element, and k n represents the normal stiffness of the element, k s represents the tangential stiffness of the unit, μ represents the normal displacement of the unit, and v represents the tangential displacement of the unit.

[0045] S403: Apply the self-weight stress of the slope and initialize the ground stress field.

[0046] S404: Apply nonlinear rock yield criteria to simulate the dislocation and opening behavior of discontinuities.

[0047] The yield function based on shear strength is specifically:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, f s represents the shear strength yield function, σ1 represents the maximum principal stress, σ3 represents the minimum principal stress, represents the friction angle of the rock mass, and c represents the cohesion of the rock mass.

[0050] When f s =0, the material is in the critical yield state, that is, it just reaches the failure condition.

[0051] When f s When <0, the material has not reached the failure condition and is still in an elastic state.

[0052] When f s When >0, the material has yielded and failure has occurred.

[0053] In the present invention, the nonlinear yield criterion based on shear strength can realistically simulate the mechanical behavior of the rock mass and the discontinuous characteristics of the joints, providing a scientific and accurate basis for slope stability analysis, sliding surface identification and instability risk assessment.

[0054] S405: Determine the distribution of plastic zones based on the nonlinear rock yield criterion.

[0055] Specifically, f s The area where the value is greater than 0 is defined as the plastic zone.

[0056] In the present invention, based on the nonlinear rock yield criterion, the potential unstable areas in the slope can be accurately located, their development trends can be dynamically tracked, and a scientific basis can be provided for slope stability assessment, safety factor calculation and support design.

[0057] S406: Determine displacement settlement based on the displacement of each node in the finite element model.

[0058] In the present invention, through settlement analysis based on node displacement in the finite element model, the deformation characteristics of the slope can be accurately captured, the slope stability can be dynamically evaluated, and a scientific basis can be provided for potential sliding surface identification, support design optimization and risk warning.

[0059] S407: Calculate the safety factor based on the finite element strength reduction method.

[0060] The Finite Element Strength Reduction Method (FSRM) is a numerical analysis method used to assess slope stability. This method calculates the slope's safety factor by gradually reducing the shear strength parameters of the geotechnical material until the slope reaches a critical stability state. The FSRM combines the precision of finite element analysis with the intuitiveness of the strength reduction method and is widely used in slope engineering, geotechnical engineering, and other fields.

[0061] Specifically, a finite element analysis is performed on the finite element model to calculate the stress and displacement distribution of the slope in its natural state. The shear strength parameters of the geotechnical material, typically cohesion and internal friction angle, are gradually reduced using a strength reduction factor. After each reduction, the finite element analysis is repeated to calculate the new stress and displacement distribution. The strength reduction factor is gradually increased until the slope reaches a critical stability state, where significant plastic deformation or a sudden increase in displacement begins. The reduction factor at the critical stability state is used as the slope's safety factor. A larger safety factor indicates a more stable slope.

[0062] This method, by calculating safety factors based on node stress states, enables scientific quantification, dynamic tracking, and risk early warning of slope stability. This method not only accurately identifies high-risk areas but also provides a scientific basis for support design, operation planning, and zoning, significantly improving the safety and economic efficiency of slope management. It also adapts to complex geological conditions and dynamic working conditions, making it a comprehensive and efficient stability assessment tool.

[0063] S5: Determine whether the safety factor is greater than the safety threshold. If so, the open-pit mine slope is determined to be stable and the excavation simulation continues. Otherwise, the excavation simulation is terminated and the next step is performed.

[0064] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the safety threshold according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit it.

[0065] S6: Determine the potential sliding surface based on the distribution of plastic zones and displacement and settlement.

[0066] In a possible implementation, S6 specifically includes sub-steps S601 to S603:

[0067] S601: Determine the potential sliding surface based on the distribution of the plastic zone.

[0068] Optionally, S601 specifically includes: calculating the connectivity of the plastic zone according to the distribution of the plastic zone:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, α represents the penetration, Vpl represents the volume of the plastic zone, V total When the permeability of the plastic zone satisfies α = 1, it means that a permeable plastic zone is formed and the plastic zone is determined as a potential sliding surface.

[0071] In the present invention, the potential sliding surface is determined by the connectivity of the plastic zone, which can scientifically quantify the formation conditions of the sliding surface, improve the accuracy of identification and dynamic adaptability, and provide a solid scientific basis for slope instability warning, support design optimization and dynamic risk management.

[0072] S602: Determine the potential sliding surface based on displacement and settlement.

[0073] Optionally, S602 specifically includes: drawing a vertical line from the slope surface and recording the displacement increment of each unit along the line:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, β ij represents the displacement increment of the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line, x i+1,j represents the displacement of the i+1th unit on the jth vertical line, x i,j represents the displacement of the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line, l i+1,j represents the distance between the i+1th unit on the jth vertical line and the slope surface, l i,j It represents the distance between the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line and the slope surface. ij When =0, it indicates that the displacement along the jth vertical line has not changed. The i-th unit is determined as the intersection of the jth vertical line and the displacement-settlement interface. The potential sliding surface is determined by connecting the intersection points of each vertical line.

[0076] In the present invention, the potential sliding surface is determined by drawing a vertical line from the slope surface and recording the displacement increment. This not only can scientifically and accurately identify the position and range of the sliding surface, but also dynamically track its evolution process, providing important support for slope instability warning, stability assessment and support design.

[0077] S603: Summarize the potential sliding surfaces determined based on the distribution of the plastic zone and the potential sliding surfaces determined based on the displacement and settlement.

[0078] S7: Establish a block system model of the open pit mine slope based on the potential sliding surface.

[0079] In a possible implementation, S7 specifically includes sub-steps S701 to S704:

[0080] S701: Determine the block deformation parameters:

[0081] {ΔD i}={u0,v0,r0,ε x ,ε y ,γ xy} T

[0082] Where ΔD i represents the displacement of the ith block within a step, u0 represents the rigid body displacement of the block in the x-axis direction, v0 represents the rigid body displacement of the block in the y-axis direction, r0 represents the rotation angle around the center of mass of the block, ε x represents the normal strain of the block in the x-axis direction, ε y represents the normal strain of the block in the y-axis direction, γ xy represents the normal strain of the block in the y-axis direction, T Represents matrix transpose.

[0083] S702: Determine the displacement of the target point on the block:

[0084]

[0085] Where Δu i represents the displacement of the i-th block in the x-axis direction, Δv i represents the displacement of the i-th block in the y-axis direction, T i Represents the shape function matrix.

[0086]

[0087] Among them, x represents the horizontal coordinate of the target point, y represents the vertical coordinate of the target point, x0 represents the horizontal coordinate of the block's center of mass, and y0 represents the vertical coordinate of the block's center of mass.

[0088] S703: Determine the boundary conditions for block displacement:

[0089] [K] e =[T i ] T [P][T i ]

[0090]

[0091] Where K represents the stiffness matrix, P represents the boundary block stiffness matrix, and P x Indicates the stiffness of the boundary block in the x-axis direction, P y Indicates the stiffness of the boundary block in the y-axis direction.

[0092] S704: Based on the boundary conditions, each block is connected to form a block system model. The overall equilibrium equation of the block system model is specifically:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, K ij represents the stiffness submatrix of the i-th block on the j-th line, ΔD i represents the displacement of the i-th block in one step, F i represents the load vector of the ith block.

[0095] By constructing a block system model based on potential sliding surfaces, this method accurately describes the deformation, movement, and interaction of blocks during slope instability, comprehensively reflecting the mechanical behavior of the sliding surface and sliding body. This approach not only improves the accuracy of slope stability analysis but also supports dynamic simulation and support optimization under complex conditions, providing a strong scientific basis for the safe management of open-pit mine slopes.

[0096] S8: Use the discontinuous deformation analysis method to simulate the instability process under different friction angles and analyze the sliding path and sliding body accumulation range.

[0097] Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) is a numerical method specifically designed to simulate the interactions and motion of blocks in rock masses. Its core feature is its ability to simulate the complex mechanical behaviors of discontinuities in rock masses, such as slip, opening, and rotation. It is widely used in geotechnical engineering, slope stability analysis, and underground engineering.

[0098] In a possible implementation, S8 specifically includes sub-steps S801 to S803:

[0099] S801: Setting different friction angles.

[0100] Optionally, the friction angle includes a high friction angle, a medium friction angle, and a low friction angle.

[0101] S802: Solve the total equilibrium equation of the block system model under different friction angles to determine the displacement of each block at different time steps.

[0102] Specifically, the conjugate gradient method, explicit finite difference method, etc. can be used to solve the total equilibrium equation of the block system model under different friction angles, which can be completed by DDA software.

[0103] S803: Based on the displacement of each block at different time steps, simulate the instability process under different friction angles and analyze the sliding path and the accumulation range of the sliding body.

[0104] In the present invention, the stability and instability process of the slope can be comprehensively and dynamically evaluated, the sliding path and accumulation range can be identified, and a scientific basis can be provided for risk classification, support design and disaster prevention and control.

[0105] S9: Determine the safe operating area of ​​the open-pit mine slope based on the accumulation range of sliding bodies under different friction angles.

[0106] In a possible implementation, S9 specifically includes:

[0107] The sliding body accumulation range under high friction angle is determined as the prohibited operation area.

[0108] The sliding body accumulation range under the medium friction angle is identified as the high-risk area.

[0109] The sliding body accumulation range under low friction angle is identified as the medium risk area.

[0110] The unaccumulated area of ​​the sliding body is identified as a low-risk area.

[0111] The area that is more than a safe distance away from the accumulation range of the sliding body is determined as a safe working area.

[0112] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the safety distance according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit it.

[0113] In this invention, simulations using different friction angles can reflect the accumulation range of sliding bodies under optimal (high friction angle) to most unfavorable (low friction angle) conditions, ensuring scientific and reliable classification results. By categorizing prohibited operation areas into high-risk areas, medium-risk areas, low-risk areas, and safe operation areas, a clear risk level system is established, providing a basis for management decisions.

[0114] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0115] In the present invention, a combined finite element analysis and discontinuous deformation analysis method is used to accurately simulate complex geological conditions and dynamic changes in excavation, and dynamically analyze the sliding path and sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles. Then, based on the sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles, the safe operating area of ​​the open-pit mine slope is determined, and the safe operating area is updated accurately and timely to ensure the long-term safe operation of the open-pit mine slope.

[0116] Reference Manual Figure 2 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a safe operating area optimization system for open-pit mine slopes provided by the present invention.

[0117] The present invention further provides a safe operation area optimization system 20 for an open-pit mine slope, comprising:

[0118] Processor 201;

[0119] The memory 202 has computer readable instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by the processor 201, implement the method for optimizing a safe operation area of a slope of an open-pit mine.

[0120] The system for optimizing a safe operation area of a slope of an open-pit mine 20 provided by the present application can execute the method for optimizing a safe operation area of a slope of an open-pit mine described above and achieve the same or similar technical effects. To avoid repetition, the present application will not be described again.

[0121] The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application brings at least the following beneficial effects:

[0122] In the present application, the joint finite element analysis and the discontinuous deformation analysis method are used to accurately simulate the complex geological conditions and the dynamic changes of excavation, to dynamically analyze the sliding path and the sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles, and to determine the safe operation area of the slope of the open-pit mine according to the sliding body accumulation range under different friction angles, so as to accurately and timely update the safe operation area and to ensure the long-term safe operation of the slope of the open-pit mine.

[0123] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0124] The following points need to be explained:

[0125] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present application only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present application, and other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0126] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings for describing the embodiments of the present application, the thickness of a region is exaggerated or reduced, that is, the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportion. It can be understood that when an element such as a film, a region or a substrate is referred to as being located “on” or “under” another element, the element can be “directly” located “on” or “under” another element or there can be an intermediate element.

[0127] (3) In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0128] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope, characterized in that: include: S1: Obtain geological parameters of open pit mine slope; S2: constructing a geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope according to the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope; S3: constructing a finite element model of the open-pit mine slope based on the geological generalization model of the open-pit mine slope; S4: performing a joint finite element analysis on the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope, initializing an excavation plan, gradually simulating the excavation process of the mine slope, and analyzing the plastic zone distribution, displacement settlement, and safety factor of each step in the excavation process; S5: Determine whether the safety factor is greater than a safety threshold; if so, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a stable state and continue simulating the excavation process; otherwise, stop simulating the excavation process and proceed to the next step; S6: determining a potential sliding surface according to the plastic zone distribution and the displacement and settlement; S7: establishing a block system model of the open-pit mine slope according to the potential sliding surface; S8: Use the discontinuous deformation analysis method to simulate the instability process under different friction angles and analyze the sliding path and the accumulation range of the sliding body; S9: Determine a safe operating area of ​​the open-pit mine slope according to the accumulation range of the sliding body under different friction angles.

2. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: S401: performing unit division on the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope, dividing the finite element model into a plurality of nodal units; S402: Determine the relationship between stress and displacement of the elements in the node; S403: Apply the self-weight stress of the slope to initialize the ground stress field; S404: Apply nonlinear rock yield criteria to simulate the discontinuity and opening behavior; S405: Determine the plastic zone distribution based on a nonlinear rock yield criterion; S406: Determine the displacement settlement based on the displacement of each node in the finite element model; S407: Calculate the safety factor based on the finite element strength reduction method.

3. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S601: determining a potential sliding surface according to the plastic zone distribution; S602: determining a potential sliding surface based on the displacement and settlement; S603: Summarize the potential sliding surfaces determined based on the distribution of the plastic zone and the potential sliding surfaces determined based on the displacement and settlement.

4. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S601 specifically includes: According to the distribution of the plastic zone, the continuity of the plastic zone is calculated: Among them, α represents the penetration, V pl represents the volume of the plastic zone, V total represents the volume of the sliding zone; When the permeability of the plastic zone satisfies α=1, it means that a permeable plastic zone is formed, and the plastic zone is determined as a potential sliding surface.

5. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S602 specifically includes: By drawing a perpendicular line from the slope surface, record the displacement increment along the line for each element: Among them, β ij represents the displacement increment of the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line, x i+1,j represents the displacement of the i+1th unit on the jth vertical line, x i,j represents the displacement of the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line, l i+1,j represents the distance between the i+1th unit on the jth vertical line and the slope surface, l i,j represents the distance between the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line and the slope surface; When the displacement increment β along a unit ij When =0, it indicates that the displacement along the jth vertical line has not changed. The i-th unit is determined as the intersection of the jth vertical line and the displacement-settlement interface. The potential sliding surface is determined by connecting the intersection points of each vertical line.

6. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 specifically includes: S701: Determine block deformation parameters; S702: Determine the displacement of the target point on the block; S703: Determine the boundary conditions of block displacement; S704: Based on the boundary conditions, connect the blocks to form the block system model.

7. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S8 specifically includes: S801: Setting different friction angles; S802: Solve the total equilibrium equation of the block system model under different friction angles to determine the displacement of each block at different time steps; S803: Based on the displacement of each block at different time steps, simulate the instability process under different friction angles and analyze the sliding path and the accumulation range of the sliding body.

8. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The friction angle includes a high friction angle, a medium friction angle and a low friction angle.

9. The method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to claim 8, characterized in that: The S9 specifically includes: The accumulation range of sliding bodies under high friction angle is determined as the prohibited operation area; The accumulation range of sliding bodies under medium friction angle is identified as high-risk area; The accumulation range of sliding bodies under low friction angles is determined as the medium risk area; The unaccumulated area of ​​the sliding body is identified as a low-risk area; An area that is more than a safe distance away from the accumulation range of the sliding body is determined as the safe operation area.

10. A safe working area optimization system for open pit mine slopes, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method for optimizing the safe working area of ​​an open-pit mine slope according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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