Building ternary spatial relationship between quantitative measurement method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of space recognition science, space data processing, GIS and computer vision and image processing, in particular to a building ternary space relation beween quantitative measurement method and system, and the method comprises the steps: calculating measurement indexes which comprise an area ratio, the offset of a middle object and the spatial alignment degree between objects at two sides; determining a weight coefficient of each measurement index by using an analytic hierarchy process; and based on the weight coefficient, integrating calculation results of the measurement indexes through a weighted summation method to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship Beween. According to the method, the three indexes including the area ratio, the offset and the space alignment degree are integrated, the weight is determined through the analytic hierarchy process, comprehensive and reasonable quantitative measurement of the building ternary space relation between is achieved, and the measurement result better conforms to the human space cognition habit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of spatial cognitive science, spatial data processing, GIS, and computer vision and image processing technology, and in particular to a quantitative measurement method and system for ternary spatial relationships between buildings, which can be applied to spatial query, spatial analysis, smart cities and other fields. Background Art

[0002] In the era of big data, with the massive influx of geospatial data, mining high-value spatial knowledge has become an increasingly important topic. In large language models, computers achieve their intended purpose by understanding and computing natural language instructions. Describing, understanding, and computing natural language spatial relationships is a challenging task, directly impacting the accuracy and usability of the generated results. Quantitative descriptions of natural language spatial relationships can transform users' natural language descriptions of geographic space into precise spatial relationship models, enabling more efficient and intuitive spatial information interaction. Furthermore, quantitatively measuring spatial relationships enables better application in spatial analysis, spatial query, and other fields.

[0003] Existing research has primarily focused on binary logical spatial relationships, meaning that the description and measurement of spatial relationships only involve two spatial objects, with less attention paid to spatial relationships between ternary or multi-element logical relationships. The "between" relationship is one of the most common spatial predicates in natural language spatial relationships. It is particularly important for reasoning about the spatial arrangement of spatial objects, accurately describing the relative positional relationships between three or more spatial objects. This relationship is widely used in everyday communication and in large language model instructions. For example, through the comprehensive analysis of quantitative indicators, GIS systems can more accurately determine and express "between" relationships between spatial objects, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of spatial data analysis and providing strong support for practical applications such as spatial query and spatial analysis.

[0004] In the field of quantitative description of spatial relationships between surface objects, quantitative metrics are mostly based on area. For ternary spatial relationships (between), existing measurement methods only consider the area ratio between the middle object and the two flanking objects. However, human cognition of between spatial relationships is influenced by multiple factors, so using only area ratio to measure them is unreasonable. Some measurement results do not conform to human spatial cognition habits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the fact that there are currently few quantitative description methods for ternary spatial relationships between, and the existing methods have the defect of too single measurement factors, only using area ratio to quantitatively measure ternary spatial relationships between, which ignores the impact of other influencing factors on human cognition, resulting in unreasonable measurement results that do not conform to human spatial cognitive habits, this paper proposes a quantitative measurement method and system for ternary spatial relationships between buildings. By integrating three indicators: area ratio, offset, and spatial alignment degree, and using the hierarchical analysis method to determine the weights, this method achieves a comprehensive and reasonable quantitative measurement of ternary spatial relationships between buildings, making the measurement results more consistent with human spatial cognitive habits.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted are:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for quantitatively measuring a ternary spatial relationship between buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Calculating metrics including area ratio, offset of the middle object, and degree of spatial alignment between the two side objects;

[0009] The weight coefficient of each measurement index is determined by using the hierarchical analysis method;

[0010] Based on the weight coefficients, the calculation results of the various metrics are integrated through a weighted summation method to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

[0011] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the area ratio is calculated as follows:

[0012] Calculate the ratio of the overlapping area between the middle object and the objects on both sides to the total area of ​​the middle object. The calculation formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, S intersection is the overlapping area between the middle object O and the objects on both sides, S o is the total area of ​​the intermediate object O.

[0015] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the calculation method of the offset is:

[0016] First, determine the geometric centers of the three buildings A, B, and O and connect them into a triangle;

[0017] Calculate the lengths of the triangle sides a, b, and o, where a and b are the distances between the geometric centers of buildings A and B and the middle building O, respectively, and o is the distance between the geometric centers of buildings A and B;

[0018] Calculate the offset angle α of the middle building O using the following formula:

[0019] The offset is calculated by the ratio of the offset angle to π, and the formula is: The value range of offset is [0,1]. The closer the value is to 1, the more central the middle building O is.

[0020] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the calculation method of the spatial alignment degree is:

[0021] Calculate the ratio d of the projection length of the minimum area circumscribed rectangle MBR of building A on the MBR of building B A→B ;

[0022] Calculate the length ratio d of the projection of the MBR of building B on the MBR of building A B→A ;

[0023] Take d A→B and d B→A The average value of is taken as the degree of spatial alignment, and the formula is:

[0024] According to the quantitative measurement method of the building ternary spatial relationship between the present invention, further, the opposite projection length ratio d A→B d B→A The calculation method is:

[0025] (1) Project the two diagonals of the MBR of building A onto the long axis of the MBR of building B to obtain four projection points and determine the two edge points p1 and p2;

[0026] (2) According to the positional relationship between different projection line segments and the MBR long axis of building B, calculate the intersection length d of the projection line segment and the MBR long axis of building B. intsect and the union length d uoion ;

[0027] (3) Calculate the ratio of the projected length of the MBR of building A on the long axis of the MBR of building B.

[0028] (4) Repeat steps (1)-(3) to calculate the length ratio d of the projection of the MBR of building A on the short axis of the MBR of building B. sratio ;

[0029] (5) Take the larger value on the major axis and minor axis as d A→B , that is, d A→B =MAX(d lratio ,d sratio );

[0030] (6) Similarly, according to the above d A→B The calculation method is to calculate d B→A .

[0031] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the method of determining the weight coefficient of each measurement index by using the hierarchical analysis method specifically includes:

[0032] Establish a judgment matrix based on the "1-9 scale method";

[0033] Calculate the maximum eigenvalue λ of the judgment matrix max and its corresponding eigenvector;

[0034] Normalize the eigenvector to obtain the weight coefficients w1, w2, and w3 of each metric;

[0035] A consistency test was performed to ensure that the random consistency ratio CR of the judgment matrix was less than 0.1.

[0036] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the judgment matrix is:

[0037]

[0038] The corresponding weight coefficients are w1=0.5396, w2=0.2970, and w3=0.1634.

[0039] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the consistency test formula is:

[0040] CR=CI / RI

[0041] Among them, CR is the random consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, CI is the general consistency index of the judgment matrix, and RI is the average random consistency index of the judgment matrix.

[0042] According to the quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings of the present invention, further, the formula of the weighted summation method is:

[0043] btwn=w1×S ratio +w2×offset+w3×d ratio

[0044] Among them, w1+w2+w3=1, and w1, w2, and w3 are the weight coefficients of area ratio, offset, and spatial alignment, respectively, and btwn is the quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a system for quantitatively measuring the ternary spatial relationship between buildings, which is used to implement the above-mentioned method for quantitatively measuring the ternary spatial relationship between buildings, comprising:

[0046] a metric calculation module, configured to calculate metric indicators, wherein the metric indicators include area ratio, offset of the middle object, and degree of spatial alignment between the objects on both sides;

[0047] The weight coefficient calculation module is used to determine the weight coefficient of each measurement indicator using the hierarchical analysis method;

[0048] The indicator integration module is used to integrate the calculation results of each measurement indicator through a weighted summation method based on the weight coefficient to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

[0049] The beneficial effects achieved by adopting the above technical solution are:

[0050] The present invention achieves a comprehensive and reasonable quantitative measurement of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings by integrating three indicators: area ratio, offset, and spatial alignment degree and using the hierarchical analysis method to determine the weights. This makes the measurement results more consistent with human spatial cognitive habits than those using only the area ratio measurement results. By adding measurement indicators, the rationality and reliability of spatial relationship measurement are significantly improved, and the "degree of one building between two buildings" can be reasonably calculated. This provides more efficient and accurate technical support and practical tool support for practical applications such as spatial query and spatial analysis, and effectively promotes the development of related fields such as spatial data processing and geographic information systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. The drawings are only used to illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit all embodiments of the present invention thereto.

[0052] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a quantitative measurement method for a ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating the area ratio of a metric according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3Schematic diagram of a method for calculating a metric offset according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the red area is the area between A and B;

[0055] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating the degree of spatial alignment of a metric according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) indicates that the projected line segment partially overlaps with the major axis of B, (b) indicates that the projected line segment is completely contained within the major axis, (c) indicates that the projected line segment completely contains the major axis, (d) indicates that the projected line segment does not overlap with the major axis, and (e) indicates that the intersection of the projected line segment and the major axis is a point;

[0056] Figure 5 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating the middle area between three-dimensional spatial relationships according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (a) represents two objects A and B, (b) represents the convex hull of two objects A and B, (c) represents removing A and B, and (d) represents removing the portion that does not intersect with both A and B, leaving the portion between A and B.

[0057] Figure 6 This is an example of calculating a quantitative measurement value of a ternary spatial relationship between in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings of specific embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should be given the common meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the relevant field.

[0059] First, the term "ternary spatial relationship between" is explained: Between is a predicate that describes the relative position relationship between at least three spatial objects, indicating that one object is located in the area between the other two objects.

[0060] This embodiment discloses a quantitative measurement method for the ternary spatial relationship between buildings, which is applied to quantitatively measure the ternary spatial relationship between. By quantifying the influencing factors of the ternary spatial relationship between, and using the hierarchical analysis method to determine the weight coefficients of the three measurement indicators, a reasonable quantitative measurement of the ternary spatial relationship between is achieved. The method includes three parts: calculating the measurement indicators, calculating the indicator weight coefficients, and integrating the calculation results of each indicator, such as Figure 1 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0061] Step S101: Calculate measurement indicators. The measurement indicators include area ratio, offset of the middle object, and spatial alignment between the two side objects. The calculation method of each indicator is as follows:

[0062] (1) Area ratio. Figure 2As shown in the figure, according to the definition of the between relationship, the ratio of the overlapping area between the middle object and the objects on both sides to the total area of ​​the middle object is calculated. The calculation formula is:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, S intersection is the overlapping area between the middle object O and the objects on both sides, S o is the total area of ​​the intermediate object O. If S ratio If it is close to 1, it means that the intermediate object O is almost completely located in the area between A and B, which is consistent with human’s intuitive cognition of the “between” relationship (i.e. O is between A and B). ratio If it is close to 0, it means that the middle object O has almost no overlap with the middle area, which does not meet the "between" relationship.

[0065] (2) Offset

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the offset represents the degree to which the middle object O deviates from the straight line between the two side objects A and B. First, find the geometric centers of the three buildings A, B, and O and connect them to form a triangle triangle. Calculate the triangle's side lengths a, b, and o, where a and b are the distances between the geometric centers of buildings A and B and the middle building O, respectively, and o is the distance between the geometric centers of buildings A and B. Angle α is the angle between the sides a and b, representing the offset angle of the middle building O. The degree to which the middle building O deviates from the straight line between the two side buildings is calculated by the ratio of the offset angle to π:

[0067]

[0068] The value range of offset is [0,1]. The closer the value is to 1, the more central the middle building O is. The calculation formula of α is:

[0069]

[0070] High offset (close to 1): O appears to be clearly located "in the middle" of A and B; low offset (close to 0): O is obviously deviated from the vertical direction between A and B.

[0071] (3) Degree of spatial alignment

[0072] Spatial alignment quantitatively measures the degree of spatial alignment between buildings on either side. The basic concept is to calculate the ratio of the minimum bounding rectangle (MBR) of the buildings to their opposite projection lengths. A and B are the buildings on either side, and the spatial alignment between A and B is calculated as follows:

[0073] 1) Change the MBR of A(A MBR ), that is, the four vertices are respectively in the MBR (B MBR ) on the long axis, get four projection points, find two edge points p1, p2; p0, p3 are B MBR The two vertices of the major axis; d intsect The line segment with vertices p1 and p2 and B MBR Intersection length of the major axis, d uoion The line segment with vertices p1 and p2 and B MBR The length of the union of the major axes.

[0074] 2) According to the positional relationship between different projection line segments and the MBR long axis of the target building B, classify and calculate d intsect and d uoion .

[0075] ①The projection line segment partially overlaps with the long axis of B

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown in (a), if p0.x≤p1.x <p3.x≤p2.x或者p1.x≤p0.x<p2.x≤p3.x,即投影线段与B的MBR长轴有交集,且交集为线段,则计算d intsect =distance(p1,p3)(or d intsect =distance(p0,p2)), and d uoion =distance(p0,p2)(or d uoion =distance(p1,p3)), go to step 3). For example, p0.x≤p1.x means that the x-coordinate of point p0 is less than or equal to the x-coordinate of point p1.

[0077] ②The projected line segment is completely contained in the major axis

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown in (b), if p0.x≤p1.x <p2.x≤p3.x,即长轴包含投影线段,则计算d intsect =distance(p1,p2) and d uoion =distance(p0,p3), go to step 3).

[0079] ③The projection line segment completely contains the major axis

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown in (c), if p1.x≤p0.x <p3.x≤p2.x,即投影线段包含长轴,则计算d intsect =distance(p0,p3) and d uoion=distance(p1,p2), go to step 3).

[0081] ④The projection line segment does not overlap with the major axis or the intersection is a point

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown in (d) and (e), if p0.x <p3.x≤p1.x<p2.x或者p1.x<p2.x≤p0.x<p3.x,即投影线段与B长轴没有交集或者交集为点,则计算d uoion =distance(p0,p2)(or d uoion =distance(p1,p3), go to step 4).

[0083] 3) Calculate the ratio of the projection length of A's MBR on the long axis of B's ​​MBR:

[0084] 4) Calculate the ratio of the projection length of A's MBR on the long axis of B's ​​MBR:

[0085] 5) Calculate the length ratio of the projection of A's MBR on the short axis of B's ​​MBR according to the method for calculating the length ratio of the projection of A's MBR on the long axis of B's ​​MBR (steps 1), 2), 3), and 4). sratio .

[0086] 6) If d lratio >d sratio , then the length ratio of the projection of reference target A on target B is d lratio ; if d lratio <d sratio , then the length ratio of the projection of reference target A on target B is d sratio .Right now:

[0087] d A→B =MAX(d lratio ,d sratio )

[0088] According to the calculation method of the above-mentioned projection length ratio of reference target A on target B, calculate the projection length ratio of reference target B on target A, and then find the average of the projection length ratios of A facing B and B facing A as the degree of facing projection of A and B, that is:

[0089]

[0090] Where, d A→B is the ratio of the projection lengths of A to B, d B→A is the ratio of the projection lengths of B to A.

[0091] Step S102: Determine the weight coefficient of each measurement indicator using the hierarchical analysis method.

[0092] The steps of determining weights using the AHP method are as follows:

[0093] (1) Construct a judgment matrix. According to the "1-9 scaling method", a judgment matrix is ​​established, see Table 1:

[0094] Table 1 Judgment Matrix

[0095]

[0096] In the above judgment matrix, the diagonal elements are all 1, indicating that the importance of the indicator is the same as that of itself. ratio vsoffest = 2, indicating that the area ratio is slightly more important than the offset (scale 2); offest vs d ratio = 2, indicating that the offset is slightly more important than the degree of spatial alignment (scale 2); S ratio vsd rdtio =3, indicating that the area ratio is significantly more important than the spatial alignment (scale 3). Inverse relationship: if the importance of A to B is x, then the importance of B to A is 1 / x (e.g., offest vs S ratio =1 / 2).

[0097] (2) Calculate the weight coefficient. According to the judgment matrix, the maximum characteristic root λ of A is obtained by the formula A-λI=0 max =3.0092, where A is the judgment matrix in Table 1, and I is the identity matrix

[0098] λ max = 3.0092 is substituted into (A-λI)w = 0 to calculate the eigenvector w corresponding to the largest eigenroot. The eigenvector is normalized to obtain the weight distribution of the evaluation factors, i.e., w = [0.5396 0.2970 0.1634].

[0099] (3) Consistency test. To determine whether the weight distribution obtained above is reasonable, we need to perform consistency test on the judgment matrix (high consistency ensures that the weight distribution is reasonable, while low consistency may lead to weight distortion). The consistency test formula is:

[0100] CR=CI / RI

[0101] Among them, CR is the random consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, and CI is the general consistency index of the judgment matrix, which is given by the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] Where n is the order of the judgment matrix. In this example, the judgment matrix is ​​a 3×3 square matrix, so n = 3. RI is the average random consistency index of the judgment matrix. The RI values ​​of judgment matrices of orders 1 to 9 are shown in Table 2:

[0104] Table 2 RI values ​​of judgment matrix

[0105]

[0106] Set n = 3, RI = 0.58, λ max =3.0092 is substituted into the CR calculation formula to obtain CR = 0.0079 < 0.1, indicating that the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. Therefore, the components of w = (0.5396, 0.2970, 0.1634) can be used as weight coefficients, that is, w1 = 0.5396, w2 = 0.2970, w3 = 0.1634.

[0107] Step S103: Based on the weight coefficients, the calculation results of the measurement indicators are integrated by a weighted summation method to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

[0108] The weighted summation method is used to integrate the calculation results of each indicator. The quantitative measurement indicator btwn of the ternary spatial relationship between is calculated as follows:

[0109] btwn=w1×S ratio +w2×offset+w3×d ratio

[0110] Here, w1 + w2 + w3 = 1, and w1, w2, and w3 are weight coefficients for area ratio, offset, and spatial alignment, respectively. btwn is a comprehensive score that quantifies the degree of "betweenness" of the intermediate object O between the two flanking objects A and B. Its value range is [0, 1]. A btwn value closer to 1 indicates that the intermediate object O is more consistent with the human perception of "being between A and B." A btwn value closer to 0 indicates that the intermediate object O is significantly deviated from the intermediate area, or that the layout of A and B is cluttered, failing to form a "between" relationship.

[0111] Figure 5 A method for calculating the middle area between ternary spatial relations is given. Figure 5 In (a), the two objects are denoted as A and B respectively. The specific calculation process of the area between them is as follows: Calculate the convex hull of A and B as follows Figure 5 (b) shows that the A and B regions are removed, as shown in Figure 5 (c) as shown; delete the part that only touches A or only touches B, and keep the part that touches both A and B, such as Figure 4 The area shown in (d) is the desired area between A and B.

[0112] Figure 6 An example of calculating the quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between is given. The indicators and measurement results are shown in Table 3: btwn = 0.9535 × 0.5396 + 0.839 × 0.2970 + 0.1634 × 0.3175 = 0.8155.

[0113] Table 3 Indexes and measurement results

[0114]

[0115] Corresponding to the above method, this embodiment further discloses a quantitative measurement system for a ternary spatial relationship between buildings, including:

[0116] The metric calculation module is used to calculate metric indicators, wherein the metric indicators include area ratio, offset of the middle object and spatial alignment between the objects on both sides.

[0117] The weight coefficient calculation module is used to determine the weight coefficient of each measurement indicator using the hierarchical analysis method.

[0118] The indicator integration module is used to integrate the calculation results of each measurement indicator through a weighted summation method based on the weight coefficient to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

[0119] This paper adds factors influencing human cognition of the ternary spatial relationship between as metrics—offset and spatial alignment. This paper considers the various factors that may influence human cognition, ultimately selecting three metrics with the greatest impact, confirming their degree of influence, and integrating these three metrics to more comprehensively and rationally reflect the ternary spatial relationship between.

[0120] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative steps, numerical expressions and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0121] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0122] The units and method steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A person of ordinary skill in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation is not considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the above method can be performed by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. Alternatively, all or part of the steps in the above embodiment can be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module / unit in the above embodiment can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. The present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Such modifications, changes, or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A quantitative measurement method for the ternary spatial relationship between buildings, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Calculating metrics including area ratio, offset of the middle object, and degree of spatial alignment between the two side objects; The weight coefficient of each measurement index is determined by using the hierarchical analysis method; Based on the weight coefficients, the calculation results of the various metrics are integrated through a weighted summation method to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

2. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The area ratio is calculated as follows: Calculate the ratio of the overlapping area between the middle object and the objects on both sides to the total area of ​​the middle object. The calculation formula is: Among them, S intersection is the overlapping area between the middle object O and the objects on both sides, S O is the total area of ​​the intermediate object O.

3. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The offset is calculated as follows: First, determine the geometric centers of the three buildings A, B, and O and connect them into a triangle; Calculate the lengths of the triangle sides a, b, and o, where a and b are the distances between the geometric centers of buildings A and B and the middle building O, respectively, and o is the distance between the geometric centers of buildings A and B; Calculate the offset angle α of the middle building O using the following formula: The offset is calculated by the ratio of the offset angle to π, and the formula is: The value range of offset is [0,1]. The closer the value is to 1, the more central the middle building O is.

4. The quantitative measurement method for the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation method of the spatial alignment degree is: Calculate the ratio d of the projection length of the minimum area circumscribed rectangle MBR of building A on the MBR of building B A→B ; Calculate the length ratio d of the projection of the MBR of building B on the MBR of building A B→A ; Take d A→B and d B→A The average value of is taken as the degree of spatial alignment, and the formula is:

5. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The opposite projection length ratio d A→B d B→A The calculation method is: (1) Project the two diagonals of the MBR of building A onto the long axis of the MBR of building B to obtain four projection points and determine the two edge points p1 and p2; (2) According to the positional relationship between different projection line segments and the MBR long axis of building B, calculate the intersection length d of the projection line segment and the MBR long axis of building B. intsect and the union length d uoion ; (3) Calculate the ratio of the projected length of the MBR of building A on the long axis of the MBR of building B. (4) Repeat steps (1)-(3) to calculate the length ratio d of the projection of the MBR of building A on the short axis of the MBR of building B. sratio ; (5) Take the larger value on the major axis and the minor axis as d A→B , that is, d A→B =MAX(d lratio ,d sratio ); (6) Similarly, according to the above d A→B The calculation method is to calculate d B→A .

6. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the weight coefficient of each metric by using the hierarchical analysis method specifically includes: Establish a judgment matrix based on the "1-9 scale method"; Calculate the maximum eigenvalue λ of the judgment matrix max and its corresponding eigenvector; Normalize the eigenvector to obtain the weight coefficients w1, w2, and w3 of each metric; A consistency test was performed to ensure that the random consistency ratio CR of the judgment matrix was less than 0.

1.

7. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The judgment matrix is: The corresponding weight coefficients are w1=0.5396, w2=0.2970, and w3=0.1634.

8. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The consistency check formula is: CR=CI / RI Among them, CR is the random consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, CI is the general consistency index of the judgment matrix, and RI is the average random consistency index of the judgment matrix.

9. The quantitative measurement method of the ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The formula of the weighted summation method is: btwn=w1×S ratio +w2×offset+w3×d ratio Among them, w1+w2+w3=1, and w1, w2, and w3 are the weight coefficients of area ratio, offset, and spatial alignment, respectively, and btwn is the quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

10. A quantitative measurement system for the ternary spatial relationship between buildings, characterized by: A method for quantitatively measuring a ternary spatial relationship between buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: a metric calculation module, configured to calculate metric indicators, wherein the metric indicators include area ratio, offset of the middle object, and degree of spatial alignment between the objects on both sides; The weight coefficient calculation module is used to determine the weight coefficient of each measurement indicator using the hierarchical analysis method; The indicator integration module is used to integrate the calculation results of each measurement indicator through a weighted summation method based on the weight coefficient to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the ternary spatial relationship between.

Images