Gas-producing arc extinguishing material, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of gas production arc extinguishing materials and preparation method and application thereof, including H2 gas production material and N2 gas production material, H2 gas production material includes hydrogen storage material and the first polymer film coated on the surface of hydrogen storage material, N2 gas production material includes molecular sieve activated powder with N2 adsorption and the second polymer film coated on the surface of molecular sieve activated powder with N2 adsorption, the thermal decomposition temperature of first polymer film and second polymer film is independently 200~500 ℃.The application adopts polymer film to coat hydrogen storage material and molecular sieve activated powder with N2 adsorption respectively, so that gas production arc extinguishing material has good stability and long-term storage at room temperature;And release H2 and N2 simultaneously when high-temperature arc triggers, realize efficient arc extinguishing;This not only solves the problem of traditional mixed gas in safety, sealing requirement and cost etc., but also realizes good arc extinguishing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of arc-extinguishing material technology, and particularly relates to a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Gas arc extinguishing is a highly efficient and reliable method of arc extinguishing, widely used in electrical devices such as high-voltage switchgear, circuit breakers, and relays. Its basic principle is to utilize the insulating and thermally conductive properties of gases to rapidly absorb arc energy and suppress arc reignition, thereby achieving safe and stable circuit interruption.

[0003] Currently, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is widely used in arc extinguishing applications due to its excellent electrical insulation properties and chemical stability. As an arc-extinguishing medium, SF6 can rapidly absorb and consume free electrons in the electric arc, thus achieving rapid arc extinguishing. However, SF6 gas is not only costly to prepare and transport, but also requires specialized equipment for gas storage, which occupies a large space and cannot meet the development trend and requirements of miniaturization and micro-miniaturization of electronic devices. Furthermore, SF6, under the influence of an electric arc, will produce toxic and harmful gases such as SOF2, SF4, SOF4, SO2F2, and HF, causing environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new green arc-extinguishing gases as alternatives.

[0004] Currently, researchers have explored various alternative gases, such as nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), and their mixtures. Nitrogen is chemically stable, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly, but its arc-quenching ability is weak, making it difficult to meet high-pressure arc-quenching requirements when used alone. Hydrogen has high thermal conductivity, strong deionization ability, and excellent arc-quenching performance, but it is flammable and explosive, requiring strict concentration control to ensure safety. A hydrogen-nitrogen mixture, prepared by mixing H2 and N2 in a certain proportion, exhibits good arc-quenching performance, superior to using H2 or N2 alone. However, issues such as safety (e.g., the flammability and explosiveness of hydrogen necessitating strict concentration control), material compatibility (gas sealing challenges), and cost (higher maintenance costs for mixed gases) still limit its large-scale application.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, its preparation method, and its application to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, its preparation method and application. This invention uses a polymer membrane to coat a hydrogen storage material and a molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2, so that the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material has good stability and long-term storage at room temperature; while releasing H2 and N2 simultaneously when a high-temperature arc is triggered, achieving efficient arc extinguishing. This not only solves the problems of safety, sealing requirements and cost of traditional mixed gases, but also achieves a better arc extinguishing effect.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, comprising an H2 gas-generating material and an N2 gas-generating material. The H2 gas-generating material comprises a hydrogen storage material and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the hydrogen storage material. The N2 gas-generating material comprises molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The thermal decomposition temperatures of the first polymer film and the second polymer film are each independently 200~500℃.

[0008] Compared with existing technologies, this invention encapsulates hydrogen storage material and N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activation powder within a polymer membrane with a specific thermal decomposition temperature (200~500℃). This allows the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material to exhibit good stability and long-term storage capability at room temperature, eliminating the need for high-pressure sealing and avoiding the storage risks associated with high-pressure mixed gases. Secondly, when the electric arc is triggered at high temperature, the polymer membrane melts or ruptures, causing the internally stored hydrogen storage material to decompose and release H2 at high temperatures. The internally stored N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activation powder then releases the adsorbed N2, forming a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas in the arc-generating area, which rapidly extinguishes the arc. Furthermore, the presence of N2 effectively inhibits the combustion of H2, improving safety. Therefore, the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of this application, through solid-state encapsulation and in-situ gas generation technology, not only solves the problems of safety, sealing requirements, and cost associated with traditional mixed gases but also achieves a superior arc-extinguishing effect.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the H2 gas-generating material to the N2 gas-generating material of the present invention is 5:1 to 1:20. Specifically, the mass ratio of the H2 gas-generating material to the N2 gas-generating material may be, but is not limited to, 5:1, 4:1, 5:2, 5:5, 5:10, 5:20, 5:25, 5:30, 5:40, 5:50, 5:60, 5:70, 5:80, 5:90, or 5:100.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage material of the present invention is selected from at least one of metal hydrides, coordination hydrides, and chemical hydrides. Specifically, the metal hydride may be, but is not limited to, CaH2, MgH2, etc.; the coordination hydride may be, but is not limited to, Ti(BH4)2, NaAlH4, etc.; and the chemical hydride may be, but is not limited to, NH3BH3.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage material of the present invention is in powder form with a particle size of 50 nm to 1000 μm. Specifically, the particle size can be, but is not limited to, 50 nm, 150 nm, 250 nm, 350 nm, 450 nm, 550 nm, 750 nm, 950 nm, 1 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, and 1000 μm. The particle size of the hydrogen storage material is preferably 1 to 200 μm, and more preferably 1 to 100 μm.

[0012] Further, the first polymer film and the second polymer film of the present invention are each independently selected from a mixture of thermosetting resin and curing agent or a thermoplastic resin. The thermosetting resin is at least one of epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane; the thermoplastic resin is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyamide. Specifically, the thermal decomposition temperature of the cured epoxy resin is 300~400℃; the thermal decomposition temperature of the crosslinked chitosan is 200~300℃; the thermal decomposition temperature of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is 350~450℃; the thermal decomposition temperature of cellulose acetate (CA) is 250~300℃; the thermal decomposition temperature of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is 250~350℃; the thermal decomposition temperature of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is 200~250℃; and the thermal decomposition temperature of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is 350~450℃. The thermal decomposition temperatures of various materials are as follows: 0~400℃; High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 400~450℃; Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 200~300℃; Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 250~300℃; Polypropylene (PP) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 300~400℃; Polystyrene (PS) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 300~350℃; Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 400~450℃; Polyamide (PA) has a thermal decomposition temperature of 350~400℃. More specifically, the appropriate material can be selected based on the performance requirements of the fuse; for example, if a rapid fusing response is required, materials with low decomposition temperatures (such as PVB, PVC, and chitosan) can be selected; if high mechanical strength and arc resistance are required, epoxy resin can be selected.

[0013] Further, the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer membrane of the present invention is 10:1 to 1:5; specifically, the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer membrane may be, but is not limited to, 10:1, 10:5, 10:10, 10:20, 10:30, 10:40, or 10:50; preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer membrane is 10:1 to 1:1; more preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer membrane is 10:1 to 5:1. Preferably, the first polymer membrane is a mixture of epoxy resin and amine curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of epoxy resin to amine curing agent is 10:1 to 3:1.

[0014] Further, the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activation powder to the second polymer membrane of the present invention is 10:1 to 1:5. Specifically, the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activation powder to the second polymer membrane can be, but is not limited to, 10:1, 10:5, 10:10, 10:20, 10:30, 10:40, or 10:50; the preferred mass ratio of the molecular sieve activation powder to the second polymer membrane is 10:1 to 1:1; more preferably, the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activation powder to the second polymer membrane is 10:1 to 5:1. Preferably, the second polymer membrane is a mixture of epoxy resin and amine curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of epoxy resin to amine curing agent is 10:1 to 3:1.

[0015] Furthermore, the molecular sieve activation powder of the present invention is selected from 13X molecular sieve activation powder or 5A molecular sieve activation powder.

[0016] Furthermore, the particle size of the molecular sieve activation powder of the present invention is 100 nm to 100 μm. Specifically, the particle size can be, but is not limited to, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, and 100 μm. The particle size of the molecular sieve activation powder is preferably 1 to 20 μm, and more preferably 1 to 10 μm.

[0017] Accordingly, a second aspect of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, comprising the steps of:

[0018] S1. In an H2 atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere, the hydrogen storage material is uniformly dispersed in a liquid first polymer membrane, and then solidified to form a first block. The first block is then crushed and screened to obtain the H2 gas generating material.

[0019] S2. The activated molecular sieve powder after heating and activation is placed in an N2 atmosphere and tumbled and stirred to obtain activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2. The activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2 is uniformly dispersed in a liquid second polymer membrane and solidified to form a second block. The second block product is then crushed and screened to obtain N2 gas generating material.

[0020] S3. Mix H2 gas-generating material and N2 gas-generating material to obtain gas-generating arc-extinguishing material;

[0021] The thermal decomposition temperatures of the first and second polymer membranes are each independently 200~500℃.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, this invention achieves independent immobilization of H2 and N2 by coating hydrogen storage material into a first polymer membrane in step S1 to form an H2 gas-generating material, and coating molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 into a second polymer membrane in step S2 to form an N2 gas-generating material. This fundamentally solves the problems of safety risks (such as leakage and explosion), poor sealing and high cost caused by gas coexistence in traditional processes. Furthermore, by mixing the two gas-generating materials in step S3, the preparation process is simplified and the production cost is reduced (no need for complex gas coexistence equipment), and the efficient synergistic release of materials during arc triggering is ensured, which has significant advantages for large-scale production.

[0023] Furthermore, step S1 of the present invention includes screen processing to produce H2 gas generating material with a particle size of 10~1000μm; the particle size of the H2 gas generating material is preferably 30~500μm, more preferably 50~150μm.

[0024] Further, step S2 includes: heating the activated molecular sieve powder under normal pressure or vacuum for 2-24 hours to obtain the activated molecular sieve powder after heating. The heating time can be, but is not limited to, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, 12 hours, 15 hours, 17 hours, 20 hours, 22 hours, and 24 hours; the heating time is preferably 5-15 hours, and more preferably 6-8 hours. More specifically, under normal pressure conditions, the heating temperature is 300~600℃; specifically, the heating temperature can be, but is not limited to, 300℃, 350℃, 400℃, 450℃, 500℃, 550℃, and 600℃; the heating temperature is preferably 300~500℃, more preferably 350~400℃. Under vacuum conditions, the heating temperature is 150~250℃; specifically, the heating temperature can be, but is not limited to, 150℃, 170℃, 180℃, 200℃, 210℃, 230℃, 240℃, and 250℃, the heating temperature is preferably 150~200℃, more preferably 150~180℃. The present invention preferably involves heating under vacuum conditions.

[0025] Furthermore, the pressure of the nitrogen atmosphere in step S2 is 0.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 ~3×10 5 Pa, specifically, the pressure of a nitrogen atmosphere can be, but is not limited to, 0.5 × 10⁻⁶ Pa. 5 Pa, 1×10 5 Pa, 1.5×10 5 Pa, 2.5 × 10 5 Pa, 3.0 × 10 5 Pa; the preferred pressure of the nitrogen atmosphere is 1×10 Pa. 5 ~2×10 5 Pa, more preferably 1.2 × 10 Pa 5 ~1.5×105 Pa.

[0026] Further, step S2 includes screen processing to produce particles with a diameter of 10~1000μm; the particle size of the N2 gas generating material is preferably 30~500μm, more preferably 50~150μm.

[0027] Furthermore, the curing treatment in steps S1 and S2 of this invention needs to be adjusted according to the specific types of the first and second polymeric films. Specifically, when the polymeric film is polyethylene or polypropylene, it is melted by heating to form a liquid state, and the curing treatment is achieved by natural cooling to room temperature. When the polymeric film is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyamide, it needs to be dissolved in organic solvents such as acetone, DMF, and THF to form a liquid state, and the curing treatment is performed by atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation to remove the solvent, with atmospheric distillation being the preferred option. When the polymeric film is at least one of epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane, a curing agent needs to be added during the curing treatment, followed by standing curing at room temperature to 100°C for 2 to 48 hours.

[0028] Accordingly, a third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material mentioned above or the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material prepared by the method mentioned above in a fuse.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of this invention can be applied to fuses. When an electric arc occurs, the high temperature generated by the arc causes the first and second polymer film layers to melt or rupture. The internally stored hydrogen storage material decomposes upon heating, releasing H2, and the internally stored molecular sieve activated powder releases the adsorbed N2 upon heating. This forms a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas in the arc-generating area, achieving a rapid arc-extinguishing effect. Furthermore, the presence of N2 not only improves the arc-extinguishing performance of H2 but also inhibits the combustion of H2, effectively improving safety.

[0030] Furthermore, the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of the present invention can be directly poured into the fuse housing; or the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material can be mixed with quartz sand and then poured into the fuse housing; or the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, quartz sand and polymer colloid can be mixed and then poured into the fuse housing.

[0031] Furthermore, the polymer colloid of the present invention is at least one selected from epoxy resin, silicone rubber, melamine-formaldehyde resin, polyamide resin, polyurethane, phenolic resin, and acrylic resin. It must be noted that when epoxy resin is used, it must be mixed with a curing agent; that is, the polymer colloid is a composite system composed of epoxy resin and a curing agent.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention obtains an arc-extinguishing adhesive by uniformly mixing a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, quartz sand, and a polymer colloid. Specifically, by mass, the mixture comprises 30-70 parts of polymer colloid (containing a curing agent, if applicable), 5-30 parts of quartz sand, and 10-50 parts of gas-generating arc-extinguishing material. More specifically, the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material and quartz sand are uniformly dispersed in the polymer colloid by mechanical stirring, magnetic stirring, or planetary stirring. Preferably, the polymer colloid is a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin, wherein the mass ratio of epoxy resin to curing agent is 10:1 to 3:1. Therefore, the arc-extinguishing adhesive of the present invention can effectively suppress electric arcs through the synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms (i.e., the softening and decomposition of the polymer colloid film to absorb heat, the adsorption of metal vapor and separation of the arc by quartz sand, and the release of a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas by the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material to blow away and extinguish the arc), making it suitable for various occasions requiring arc extinguishing. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the methods described below are further explanations of this invention and should not be construed as limiting it.

[0034] The CaH2 powder used in the examples was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and sieved through 300-mesh and 1250-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a diameter of 10-50 μm for later use; the 5A molecular sieve activated powder used in the examples was purchased from Dalian Haixin Chemical Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 2-3 μm.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, including an H2 gas-generating material and an N2 gas-generating material. The H2 gas-generating material includes a hydrogen storage material and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the hydrogen storage material. The N2 gas-generating material includes molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The hydrogen storage material is CaH2 powder, and the molecular sieve activated powder is 5A molecular sieve activated powder. Both the first and second polymer films are mixtures of epoxy resin and amine curing agent. The epoxy resin is bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51, and the amine curing agent is triethylenetetramine. The mass ratio of epoxy resin to amine curing agent is 8:1. The mass ratio of hydrogen storage material to the first polymer film is 10:1. The mass ratio of molecular sieve activated powder to the second polymer film is 10:1. The mass ratio of H2 gas-generating material to N2 gas-generating material is 1:10.

[0037] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, the steps of which include:

[0038] S1. In an H2 atmosphere, the hydrogen storage material is uniformly dispersed in liquid epoxy resin, and then a curing agent is added and stirred. After stirring, it is cured at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the first block. The first block is mechanically ground and then sieved with 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50~150μm to obtain H2 gas generating material.

[0039] S2. The molecular sieve activation powder was placed under vacuum and heated at 150°C for 8 hours to obtain heated activated molecular sieve powder. Then, the heated activated molecular sieve powder was placed at room temperature in a 1.2×10⁻⁶ ℃ immersion chamber. 5 The molecular sieve activated powder was continuously tumbled and stirred in an N2 atmosphere for 2 hours to fully adsorb N2 to saturation, resulting in molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 was uniformly dispersed in liquid epoxy resin, and then a curing agent was added and stirred. After stirring, it was cured at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a second block. The second block was mechanically ground and then sieved with 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50~150μm to obtain N2 gas generating material.

[0040] S3. Mechanically mix H2 gas-generating materials and N2 gas-generating materials to obtain gas-generating arc-extinguishing materials.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Example 2 uses the same matrix as Example 1. The only difference is that the mass ratio of H2 gas generating material to N2 gas generating material in Example 2 is 1:8.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Example 3 uses the same matrix as Example 1. The only difference is that the mass ratio of H2 gas generating material to N2 gas generating material in Example 3 is 1:6.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Example 4 uses the same matrix as Example 1, the only difference being that the mass ratio of H2 gas generating material to N2 gas generating material in Example 4 is 1:4.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] Example 5 uses the same substrate as Example 1, the only difference being that the mass ratio of H2 gas-generating material to N2 gas-generating material in Example 5 is 1:2.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] Example 6 uses the same matrix as Example 1, the only difference being that the mass ratio of H2 gas generating material to N2 gas generating material in Example 6 is 1:1.

[0051] Example 7

[0052] Example 7 uses the same substrate as Example 1, the only difference being that the mass ratio of H2 gas-generating material to N2 gas-generating material in Example 7 is 2:1.

[0053] Example 8

[0054] Example 8 uses the same matrix as Example 1, the only difference being that the mass ratio of H2 gas generating material to N2 gas generating material in Example 8 is 4:1.

[0055] Example 9

[0056] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, including an H2 gas-generating material and an N2 gas-generating material. The H2 gas-generating material includes a hydrogen storage material and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the hydrogen storage material. The N2 gas-generating material includes molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The hydrogen storage material is CaH2 powder, the molecular sieve activated powder is 5A molecular sieve activated powder, and both the first and second polymer films are made of polypropylene. The mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer film is 10:3, the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder to the second polymer film is 10:3, and the mass ratio of the H2 gas-generating material to the N2 gas-generating material is 1:10.

[0057] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, the steps of which include:

[0058] S1. Polypropylene is heated and melted into a liquid state. Hydrogen storage material is uniformly dispersed in the liquid polypropylene in an H2 atmosphere. The mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the first block. The first block is mechanically ground and then sieved with 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50~150μm to obtain H2 gas generating material.

[0059] S2. The molecular sieve activation powder was placed under vacuum and heated at 170°C for 12 hours to obtain heated activated molecular sieve powder. Then, the heated activated molecular sieve powder was placed at room temperature in a 2.2×10⁻⁶ ℃ saturation tank. 5 The molecular sieve activated powder was continuously tumbled and stirred in a N2 atmosphere for 1.5 hours to fully adsorb N2 to saturation, thus obtaining molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. Polypropylene was heated and melted into a liquid state, and the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 was uniformly dispersed in the liquid polypropylene. After natural cooling to room temperature, a second block was obtained. The second block was mechanically ground and then sieved with 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50~150μm to obtain N2 gas generating material.

[0060] S3. Mechanically mix H2 gas-generating materials and N2 gas-generating materials to obtain gas-generating arc-extinguishing materials.

[0061] Example 10

[0062] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, including an H2 gas-generating material and an N2 gas-generating material. The H2 gas-generating material includes a hydrogen storage material and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the hydrogen storage material. The N2 gas-generating material includes molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The hydrogen storage material is CaH2 powder, and the molecular sieve activated powder is 5A molecular sieve activated powder. Both the first and second polymer films are mixtures of epoxy resin and amine curing agent. The epoxy resin is bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51, and the amine curing agent is triethylenetetramine. The mass ratio of epoxy resin to amine curing agent is 5:1, the mass ratio of hydrogen storage material to the first polymer film is 7:1, the mass ratio of molecular sieve activated powder to the second polymer film is 8:1, and the mass ratio of H2 gas-generating material to N2 gas-generating material is 1:10.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, the steps of which include:

[0064] S1. In an H2 atmosphere, the hydrogen storage material is uniformly dispersed in liquid epoxy resin, and then a curing agent is added and stirred. After stirring, it is cured at room temperature for 36 hours to obtain the first block. The first block is mechanically ground and then sieved with 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50~150μm to obtain H2 gas generating material.

[0065] S2. The molecular sieve activation powder is placed under vacuum and heated at 180°C for 6 hours to obtain heated activated molecular sieve powder. Then, the heated activated molecular sieve powder is placed at room temperature in a 3×10⁻⁶ ℃ saturation tank. 5 The molecular sieve activated powder was continuously tumbled and stirred for 3 hours in an N2 atmosphere to fully adsorb N2 to saturation, thus obtaining molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 was uniformly dispersed in liquid epoxy resin, and then a curing agent was added and stirred. After stirring, it was cured at room temperature for 30 hours to obtain a second block. The second block was mechanically ground and then sieved with 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50~150μm to obtain N2 gas generating material.

[0066] S3. Mechanically mix H2 gas-generating materials and N2 gas-generating materials to obtain gas-generating arc-extinguishing materials.

[0067] Example 11

[0068] This embodiment provides an arc-extinguishing material, which includes quartz sand and the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of Example 1, wherein the mass ratio of the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material to the quartz sand is 1:1;

[0069] The preparation method of the arc-extinguishing material in this embodiment includes: mechanically mixing the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of Example 1 with quartz sand.

[0070] Example 12

[0071] This embodiment provides an arc-extinguishing adhesive, which, by mass parts, comprises 10 parts of quartz sand, 30 parts of the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of Example 1, 50 parts of epoxy resin, and 10 parts of amine curing agent. The epoxy resin is bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51, and the amine curing agent is triethylenetetramine.

[0072] The preparation method of the arc-extinguishing material in this embodiment includes: mechanically mixing the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of Example 1, quartz sand, epoxy resin, and amine curing agent.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] This comparative example provides an arc-extinguishing material, which is quartz sand.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] This comparative example provides an arc-quenching adhesive, which, by mass parts, comprises 10 parts of quartz sand, 50 parts of epoxy resin, and 10 parts of amine curing agent. The epoxy resin is bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51, and the amine curing agent is triethylenetetramine.

[0077] The preparation method of the arc-extinguishing material in this comparative example includes: mechanically mixing quartz sand, epoxy resin, and amine curing agent.

[0078] The arc-extinguishing gas-generating materials of Examples 1-10, the arc-extinguishing material of Example 11, the arc-extinguishing adhesive of Example 12, the arc-extinguishing material of Comparative Example 1, and the arc-extinguishing adhesive of Comparative Example 2 were directly poured into the fuse and coated onto the alloy melt of the fuse; the rated voltage of the fuse was 150VDC and the rated current was 200A.

[0079] The above-mentioned fuses were subjected to arc suppression performance tests according to standards GB / T31465 2015 and GB / T31465 2017. The testing instruments included a short-circuit test platform (DL10KV 100), a megohmmeter (AR3127), a DC programmable power supply (IT6932A), and a 6.5-digit multimeter (34401A); the ambient temperature was 20℃ and the humidity was 46%RH. The arcing time of each fuse was measured and is shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2 Arc Time Test of Fuses

[0081]

[0082] As shown in Table 2, the arc-extinguishing materials of Examples 1-12 have better arc-extinguishing effects compared with Comparative Examples 1-2. This is because Examples 1-12 contain arc-extinguishing materials composed of H2 gas-generating materials and N2 gas-generating materials. When the electric arc is triggered at high temperature, the polymer film melts or ruptures, and the hydrogen storage material stored inside decomposes and releases H2 at high temperature. The molecular sieve activated powder that has adsorbed N2 stored inside releases the adsorbed N2 at high temperature, thereby forming a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas in the arc generation area, which plays a role in quickly extinguishing the electric arc.

[0083] A comparison of Examples 1 and 11 shows that combining the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material of the present invention with the traditional quartz sand arc-extinguishing material can significantly improve its arc-extinguishing performance.

[0084] A comparison of Examples 1 and 12 shows that the combined use of the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, quartz sand, and polymer colloid of the present invention can effectively suppress the arc through the synergistic effect of the polymer colloid film softening and decomposing to absorb heat, the quartz sand adsorbing metal vapor and separating the arc, and the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material releasing hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas to blow away and extinguish the arc, thereby significantly improving its arc-extinguishing performance.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not limited to those listed in the embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, characterized in that, The invention includes H2 gas-generating materials and N2 gas-generating materials. The H2 gas-generating material comprises a hydrogen storage material and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the hydrogen storage material. The N2 gas-generating material comprises molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2. The thermal decomposition temperatures of the first polymer film and the second polymer film are each independently 200~500℃. The mass ratio of the H2 gas-generating material to the N2 gas-generating material is 5:1~1:20, the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer film is 10:1~1:5, and the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder to the second polymer film is 10:1~1:

5.

2. The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage material is selected from at least one of metal hydrides, coordination hydrides, and chemical hydrides.

3. The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first polymer film and the second polymer film are each independently selected from a mixture of thermosetting resin and curing agent or a thermoplastic resin. The thermosetting resin is at least one of epoxy resin, chitosan and polydimethylsiloxane. The thermoplastic resin is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyamide.

4. The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molecular sieve activation powder is selected from 13X molecular sieve activation powder or 5A molecular sieve activation powder.

5. The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the molecular sieve activation powder is 100nm~100μm, and the particle size of the hydrogen storage material is 50nm~1000μm.

6. A method for preparing a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, characterized in that the step... include: S1. In an H2 atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere, the hydrogen storage material is uniformly dispersed in a liquid first polymer film, and then solidified to form a first block. The first block is then crushed and screened to obtain an H2 gas generating material. S2. The activated molecular sieve powder after heating and activation is placed in an N2 atmosphere and tumbled and stirred to obtain activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2. The activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2 is uniformly dispersed in a liquid second polymer membrane and solidified to form a second block. The second block is then crushed and screened to obtain N2 gas generating material. S3. Mix the H2 gas-generating material and the N2 gas-generating material to obtain a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material; The thermal decomposition temperatures of the first and second polymer membranes are each independently 200~500℃; the mass ratio of the H2 gas-generating material to the N2 gas-generating material is 5:1~1:20; the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the first polymer membrane is 10:1~1:5; and the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activation powder to the second polymer membrane is 10:1~1:

5.

7. The application of the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material prepared by the method described in claim 6 in fuses.

8. The application as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material is poured into the fuse housing; or the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material is mixed with quartz sand and then poured into the fuse housing; or the gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, quartz sand and polymer colloid are mixed and then poured into the fuse housing.

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