Emergency treatment device and method for thermal runaway of battery pack of electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway treatment, and provides an electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device and method.The device comprises a plurality of isolation mechanisms correspondingly arranged between every two adjacent battery cells, and each isolation mechanism comprises two isolation modules; each isolation module comprises a shell, a flame-retardant assembly arranged in the shell and a driving assembly arranged outside the shell, each flame-retardant assembly comprises a storage container used for storing a flame retardant and a plurality of output pipes communicated with the storage container, and the output pipes of the two isolation modules in the isolation mechanism are opposite in direction; the output pipe penetrates through the shell and then makes contact with the battery cell so that a gap can be formed between the shell and the battery cell, and the driving assembly is used for driving the storage container to spray the flame retardant into the gap through the output pipe so that a flame-retardant isolation layer can be formed on the side of the battery cell. According to the invention, the driving assembly and the flame-retardant assembly are matched to actively form the flame-retardant isolation layer between the battery cells, so that the diffusion of thermal runaway is fully avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal runaway processing of electric vehicle battery packs, and in particular to an emergency processing device and method for thermal runaway processing of electric vehicle battery packs. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles. However, when lithium batteries encounter extreme operating conditions such as internal short circuits, external collisions, and heat buildup, they are prone to thermal runaway, causing combustion or even explosion, seriously endangering the safety of people and vehicles.

[0003] The industry has currently deployed a variety of safety technologies to mitigate risks. For example, Tesla uses a highly integrated intelligent battery management system (BMS) to achieve real-time monitoring of temperature, voltage, and charge and discharge rates, and limits current or cuts off power in abnormal situations. BYD's "blade battery" structure adopts a high-strength steel shell design and a fire-proof insulation layer between the battery cells to effectively delay the heat diffusion time. In addition, companies such as CATL are also developing flame-retardant electrolytes and adding heat-stable additives to improve the thermal safety of the material itself.

[0004] However, most of these measures are passive protection or pre-accident prevention mechanisms, and there are still significant deficiencies in the rapid handling of actual thermal runaway events. They are unable to proactively address the thermal runaway of battery cells in the early stages of an accident, resulting in the battery pack still being very likely to catch fire due to thermal runaway of the battery cells. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an emergency handling device and method for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack, which can passively prevent the thermally runaway battery cells from quickly transferring heat to other battery cells by forming an air insulation layer between the battery cells. It can also actively form a flame-retardant isolation layer between the battery cells by utilizing the cooperation of the drive component and the flame-retardant component, thereby fully preventing the spread of thermal runaway and ensuring the safety of the electric vehicle and the people inside the vehicle.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific scheme adopted by the present invention is: an electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency handling device, comprising a plurality of isolation mechanisms correspondingly arranged between two adjacent battery cells, the isolation mechanism comprising two isolation modules, the isolation module comprising a shell, a flame retardant component arranged inside the shell, and a drive component arranged outside the shell, wherein the flame retardant component comprises a storage container for storing flame retardant and a plurality of output pipes connected to the storage container, the output pipes of the two isolation modules in the isolation mechanism are in opposite directions, and the output pipes penetrate the shell and contact the battery cell to form a gap between the shell and the battery cell, and the drive component is used to drive the storage container to spray the flame retardant into the gap through the output pipe to form a flame retardant isolation layer on the side of the battery cell.

[0007] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: the storage container comprises a frame body fixedly arranged inside the shell, the frame body is fixedly connected with the first side wall of the shell, and a distance is left between the frame body and the second side wall of the shell, the first side wall and the second side wall are oppositely arranged, a moving plate is slidably arranged in the frame body, a cavity for accommodating the fire retardant is formed between the moving plate and the first side wall of the shell, and the cavity is in communication with the output pipe.

[0008] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: the moving plate is fixedly connected with a soft connecting piece on the side facing the cavity, the edge of the soft connecting piece extends to the peripheral side of the moving plate and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the frame body.

[0009] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: at least one groove is arranged on the moving plate, and the two ends of the groove are through to the edge of the moving plate, a part of the groove is located outside the frame body, and the soft connecting piece closes the opening of the groove.

[0010] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: the middle part of the moving plate is bent towards the outside of the cavity to form the groove.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: the drive assembly comprises a base plate fixedly arranged on the shell, an installation groove is formed on the surface of the base plate, a part of the installation groove is in communication with the shell through a gas guide hole formed on the shell, raw materials for generating gas and at least one trigger for triggering the raw materials are arranged in the installation groove, and the gas generated after the raw materials are triggered by the trigger can enter the inside of the shell through the gas guide hole.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: the raw materials are set as sodium azide, the trigger is used to heat the raw materials to make the raw materials decompose to generate nitrogen, the trigger is set as multiple and is commonly connected with a trigger control unit.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device: the device comprises an emergency treatment control module and a state acquisition mechanism, the state acquisition mechanism comprises a plurality of multi-modal acquisition modules arranged correspondingly on the side of the battery cell, the multi-modal acquisition modules are used to acquire temperature parameters, electrical parameters and gas leakage parameters of the battery cell, and the emergency treatment control module is electrically connected with all the multi-modal acquisition modules and all the trigger control units.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency processing device: the multiple output tubes in the isolation module are distributed in an array, and a distance is left between two adjacent output tubes to form an installation space for installing the multimodal acquisition module.

[0015] An electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment method, based on the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device, the method comprises the following steps: Monitor the operating status of the battery cell in real time and determine whether the battery cell has thermal runaway based on the operating status of the battery cell; When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, controlling the drive component in the isolation module corresponding to the battery cell to operate; The storage container is driven by a driving component to spray the flame retardant into the gap between the isolation module and the battery cell through the output pipe, and the flame retardant is used to form the flame retardant isolation layer on the side of the battery cell.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention can utilize an isolation module to form a gap between two adjacent battery cells, and form an air insulation layer with the help of the air in the gap, which can slow down the heat transfer speed between the battery cells, and when a battery cell has thermal runaway, it can prevent heat from being quickly transferred to other battery cells; the present invention can actively spray flame retardants into the gap by arranging a drive component and a flame retardant component, thereby forming a flame retardant isolation layer between two adjacent battery cells, further preventing the thermal runaway battery cell from causing thermal runaway in other battery cells, thereby preventing the entire battery pack from burning, and ensuring the safety of the electric vehicle and the people in the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the isolation mechanism; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the isolation module; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the frame and the movable plate; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the drive component; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the opening method of the air guide hole; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the isolation mechanism and the battery cell.

[0018] Description of the drawings: 1-housing, 2-driving assembly, 3-output tube, 4-frame, 5-movable plate, 6-flame retardant, 7-diaphragm, 8-soft connecting piece, 9-groove, 10-base plate, 11-mounting slot, 12-trigger control unit, 13-trigger, 14-partition, 15-raw material, 16-air guide hole, 17-battery cell, 18-gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 7 As shown, an emergency handling device for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack includes multiple isolation mechanisms correspondingly arranged between two adjacent battery cells 17. The isolation mechanisms include two isolation modules. The isolation modules include a shell 1, a flame retardant component arranged inside the shell 1, and a drive component 2 arranged outside the shell 1, wherein the flame retardant component includes a storage container for storing a flame retardant 6 and multiple output pipes 3 connected to the storage container. The output pipes 3 of the two isolation modules in the isolation mechanism are in opposite directions, and the output pipes 3 pass through the shell 1 and contact the battery cell 17 to form a gap 18 between the shell 1 and the battery cell 17. The drive component 2 is used to drive the storage container to spray the flame retardant 6 into the gap 18 through the output pipe 3 to form a flame retardant isolation layer on the side of the battery cell 17.

[0021] When the present invention is applied to an electric vehicle battery pack, the isolation mechanism is correspondingly arranged between two adjacent battery cells 17 in the electric vehicle battery pack. The output tubes 3 of the two isolation modules in the isolation mechanism contact the two adjacent battery cells 17 one by one. Because the output tubes 3 extend out of the outer shell 1, the output tubes 3 can form a gap 18 between the outer shell 1 and the battery cell 17. The air in the gap 18 can form an air insulation layer between the two adjacent battery cells 17, which can slow down the speed of heat transfer between the battery cells 17. When a battery cell 17 has thermal runaway, it can prevent the heat emitted by the faulty battery cell 17 from being quickly transferred to other adjacent battery cells 17, thereby protecting other normal battery cells 17. On this basis, when it is determined that a battery cell 17 has thermal runaway, the corresponding isolation module is controlled to operate. Specifically, the drive component 2 in the isolation module is controlled to operate, and the flame retardant 6 in the drive storage container is sprayed and released into the gap 18 through the output pipe 3, thereby forming a flame retardant isolation layer between the isolation module and the battery cell 17, that is, a flame retardant isolation layer is formed on the side of the battery cell 17, thereby isolating the faulty battery cell 17 from other normal battery cells 17. Even if the faulty battery cell 17 thermally runs away and catches fire, it will not cause other normal battery cells 17 to catch fire simultaneously.

[0022] The present invention can utilize an isolation module to form a gap 18 between two adjacent battery cells 17, and form an air insulation layer with the help of the air in the gap 18, which can slow down the heat transfer speed between the battery cells 17. When a battery cell 17 has thermal runaway, it can prevent heat from being quickly transferred to other battery cells 17; the present invention can actively spray flame retardant 6 into the gap 18 by setting a drive component 2 and a flame retardant component, thereby forming a flame retardant isolation layer between two adjacent battery cells 17, further preventing the thermal runaway battery cell 17 from causing thermal runaway in other battery cells 17, thereby preventing the entire battery pack from burning, and ensuring the safety of the electric vehicle and the people in the vehicle.

[0023] The specific structure of the storage container is as follows: the storage container includes a frame 4 fixedly arranged inside the outer shell 1, the frame 4 is fixedly connected to the first side wall of the outer shell 1, and a distance is left between the frame 4 and the second side wall of the outer shell 1, the first side wall and the second side wall are arranged opposite to each other, and a movable plate 5 is slidably arranged in the frame 4, and a cavity for accommodating the flame retardant 6 is formed between the movable plate 5 and the first side wall of the outer shell 1, and the cavity is connected to the output tube 3. Under normal conditions, the flame retardant 6 is accommodated in the cavity. When the battery cell 17 experiences thermal runaway, the drive assembly 2 is started, and the drive assembly 2 is used to drive the movable plate 5 to slide in the direction close to the output tube 3, thereby squeezing the flame retardant 6 in the cavity, so that the flame retardant 6 can be sprayed into the gap 18 between the battery cells 17 through the output tube 3, thereby smoothly forming a flame retardant isolation layer. The storage container has a simple structure. The driving component 2 only needs to drive the movable plate 5 to push the flame retardant 6 out of the output tube 3. It is simple and fast, and can quickly form multiple flame-retardant isolation layers around the battery cell 17 that is in thermal runaway, thereby avoiding causing thermal runaway of other battery cells 17.

[0024] In order to ensure the sealing performance between the movable plate 5 and the frame 4 and prevent the flame retardant 6 from leaking into the outer shell 1, resulting in an inability to be smoothly sprayed out from the output pipe 3, and further resulting in uneven distribution of the flame retardant isolation layer or even gaps, a soft connecting piece 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate 5 facing the cavity. The edge of the soft connecting piece 8 extends to the peripheral side of the movable plate 5 and is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the frame 4. The soft connecting piece 8 can fully improve the sealing performance between the movable plate 5 and the frame 4, thereby confining the flame retardant 6 in the cavity and preventing the flame retardant 6 from leaking into the interior of the outer shell 1. In addition, the soft connecting piece 8 can be deformed during the movement of the movable plate 5 to avoid hindering the movement of the movable plate 5, thereby ensuring that the movable plate 5 can smoothly spray the flame retardant 6 from the output pipe 3.

[0025] Similarly, to prevent flame retardant 6 from leaking from output tube 3, a diaphragm 7 is provided on the inner wall of the end of output tube 3 facing away from housing 1. Under normal conditions, diaphragm 7 seals output tube 3, thereby preventing flame retardant 6 from leaking. When drive assembly 2 drives movable plate 5 to move, flame retardant 6 squeezes diaphragm 7, rupturing it and ensuring that flame retardant 6 can be smoothly ejected from output tube 3 into gap 18 to form a flame-retardant isolation layer.

[0026] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the specific structure of the drive assembly 2 is as follows: the drive assembly 2 includes a substrate 10 fixedly mounted on the housing 1, a mounting groove 11 is provided on the surface of the substrate 10, and a portion of the mounting groove 11 is connected to the housing 1 via an air guide hole 16 provided on the housing 1. A raw material 15 for generating gas and at least one trigger 13 for triggering the raw material 15 are provided in the mounting groove 11. After the raw material 15 is triggered by the trigger 13 to generate gas, the gas can enter the interior of the housing 1 through the air guide hole 16. When thermal runaway of a battery cell 17 is detected, the trigger 13 is controlled to operate, and the raw material 15 is triggered by the trigger 13, causing the properties of the raw material 15 to change and generate gas. After the gas enters the housing 1 through the air guide hole 16, it can push the movable plate 5 to move, thereby using the movable plate 5 to spray the flame retardant 6 from the output pipe 3 into the gap 18 to form a flame-retardant isolation layer. The driving component 2 drives the movable plate 5 to move by releasing gas, without the need for a complex transmission structure. It only needs to open an air guide hole 16 on the outer shell 1. The structure is simpler and easier to control, and it can reduce the volume of the isolation module, avoiding the isolation module occupying too much space, resulting in a significant reduction in the number of battery cells 17 that the battery pack can contain, thereby ensuring that the capacity of the battery pack can meet the needs of electric vehicles.

[0027] Furthermore, the raw material 15 is set to sodium azide, and the trigger 13 is used to heat the raw material 15 to decompose the raw material 15 to produce nitrogen. The trigger 13 is set to multiple and is commonly connected to the trigger control unit 12. Sodium azide is a white crystal that can quickly decompose nitrogen when subjected to high temperature. After the nitrogen enters the shell 1, it can push the movable plate 5 to move, thereby spraying the flame retardant 6 in the cavity through the output pipe 3 into the gap 18 to form a flame retardant isolation layer. On the other hand, a large amount of nitrogen is generated by the explosion of sodium azide, and the nitrogen is used to push the movable plate 5, and the driving component 2 moves faster, and can spray the flame retardant 6 into the gap 18 through the output pipe 3 in a very short time. Sodium azide is widely used in automobile airbags. Its specific triggering method, triggering principle and reaction products are all conventional technologies in this field and will not be repeated here.

[0028] Furthermore, a partition 14 is fixedly provided in the mounting groove 11 , and the trigger 13 is fixed on the partition 14 to reinforce the trigger 13 .

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, to further ensure that the gas released by the drive assembly 2 can smoothly drive the movable plate 5 to move after entering the housing 1, at least one groove 9 is provided on the movable plate 5, and both ends of the groove 9 extend to the edge of the movable plate 5. A portion of the groove 9 is located outside the frame 4, and the soft connecting piece 8 closes the opening of the groove 9. A portion of the gas can enter the groove 9 and act on the soft connecting piece 8, accelerating its deformation, thereby ensuring that the movable plate 5 can move smoothly.

[0030] The specific setting method of the groove 9 is as follows: the middle part of the movable plate 5 is bent toward the outside of the cavity to form the groove 9. By bending to form the groove 9, steps such as welding are eliminated, making it easier to process. Furthermore, the groove 9 extends in a direction perpendicular to the chassis of the electric vehicle, and both ends of the groove 9 are in contact with the inner wall of the frame 4, so that the contact area between the movable plate 5 and the upper and lower edges of the frame 4 is larger, thereby preventing the movable plate 5 from tilting in the frame 4, and then ensuring that the movable plate 5 can move smoothly in the direction of the output pipe 3 when the gas pushes the movable plate 5. Similarly, two grooves 9 can be set at the edge of the movable plate 5, in contact with the other two edges of the frame 4, thereby preventing the movable plate 5 from tilting in any direction.

[0031] In order to be able to quickly control the action of the drive component 2 to release the flame retardant 6 when the battery cell 17 thermally runs away, the device includes an emergency processing control module and a status acquisition mechanism. The status acquisition mechanism includes a plurality of multimodal acquisition modules correspondingly arranged on the sides of the battery cell 17. The multimodal acquisition module is used to collect the temperature parameters, electrical parameters and gas leakage parameters of the battery cell 17. The emergency processing control module is electrically connected to all multimodal acquisition modules and all trigger control units 12. The multimodal acquisition module can be implemented based on the existing sensor components of the battery pack. The sensor components include temperature sensors, current and voltage sensors, and gas sensors, etc., which are all mature existing technologies in this field and will not be repeated here. The emergency processing control module can use an ARM series processor, which is also a mature existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0032] In order to ensure that the flame retardant 6 can form a uniform flame retardant isolation layer around the battery core 17, the multiple output tubes 3 in the isolation module are distributed in an array, and a distance is left between two adjacent output tubes 3 to form an installation space for installing the multimodal acquisition module.

[0033] The present invention further provides an emergency treatment method for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack. Based on the above-mentioned emergency treatment device for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack, the method includes S1 to S3.

[0034] S1. Monitor the operating status of the battery cell 17 in real time, and determine whether the battery cell 17 has thermal runaway based on the operating status of the battery cell 17.

[0035] S2, when the battery cell 17 appears thermal runaway, control the driving assembly 2 in the isolation module corresponding to the battery cell 17 to act.

[0036] S3, use the driving assembly 2 to drive the storage container to spray the fire retardant 6 through the output pipe 3 into the gap 18 between the isolation module and the battery cell 17, and use the fire retardant 6 to form a fire retardant isolation layer on the side of the battery cell 17.

[0037] Finally, it also needs to be explained that the fire retardant 6 is very mature existing technology in the field, and the appropriate material and model can be selected according to the actual demand, which will not be repeated here.

[0038] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to carry out or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of isolation mechanisms correspondingly arranged between two adjacent battery cells (17), wherein the isolation mechanism comprises two isolation modules, the isolation module comprising a housing (1), a flame retardant component arranged inside the housing (1), and a drive component (2) arranged outside the housing (1), wherein the flame retardant component comprises a storage container for storing a flame retardant (6) and a plurality of output pipes (3) connected to the storage container, the output pipes (3) of the two isolation modules in the isolation mechanism are in opposite directions, and the output pipes (3) penetrate the housing (1) and contact the battery cells (17) so as to form a gap (18) between the housing (1) and the battery cells (17), and the drive component (2) is used to drive the storage container to spray the flame retardant (6) through the output pipe (3) into the gap (18) to form a flame retardant isolation layer on the side of the battery cells (17).

2. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage container comprises a frame (4) fixedly arranged inside the shell (1), the frame (4) being fixedly connected to the first side wall of the shell (1), and a distance being left between the frame (4) and the second side wall of the shell (1), the first side wall and the second side wall being arranged opposite to each other, a movable plate (5) being slidably arranged in the frame (4), a cavity for accommodating the flame retardant (6) being formed between the movable plate (5) and the first side wall of the shell (1), and the cavity being communicated with the output pipe (3).

3. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A soft connecting piece (8) is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate (5) facing the cavity, and an edge of the soft connecting piece (8) extends to the peripheral side of the movable plate (5) and is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the frame (4).

4. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one groove (9) is provided on the movable plate (5), and both ends of the groove (9) extend through the edge of the movable plate (5), a portion of the groove (9) is located outside the frame (4), and the soft connecting piece (8) closes the opening of the groove (9).

5. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle portion of the movable plate (5) is bent toward the outside of the cavity to form the groove (9).

6. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (2) includes a base plate (10) fixedly mounted on the housing (1), a mounting groove (11) being provided on the surface of the base plate (10), and a portion of the mounting groove (11) being connected to the housing (1) via an air guide hole (16) provided on the housing (1), a raw material (15) for generating gas and at least one trigger (13) for triggering the raw material (15) being provided in the mounting groove (11), and after the raw material (15) is triggered by the trigger (13) to generate gas, the gas can enter the interior of the housing (1) through the air guide hole (16).

7. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The raw material (15) is configured as sodium azide, and the trigger (13) is used to heat the raw material (15) to decompose the raw material (15) to generate nitrogen gas. The trigger (13) is configured as a plurality of triggers and is commonly connected to a trigger control unit (12).

8. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The device comprises an emergency processing control module and a state acquisition mechanism, the state acquisition mechanism comprising a plurality of multimodal acquisition modules correspondingly arranged on the sides of the battery cell (17), the multimodal acquisition modules being used to acquire temperature parameters, electrical parameters and gas leakage parameters of the battery cell (17), the emergency processing control module being electrically connected to all the multimodal acquisition modules and all the trigger control units (12).

9. The electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plurality of output tubes (3) in the isolation module are distributed in an array, and a distance is left between two adjacent output tubes (3) to form an installation space for installing the multimodal acquisition module.

10. An emergency treatment method for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack, characterized in that: Based on the electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway emergency treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises the following steps: monitoring the operating state of the battery cell (17) in real time, and judging whether the battery cell (17) has thermal runaway based on the operating state of the battery cell (17); When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (17), controlling the drive component (2) in the isolation module corresponding to the battery cell (17) to operate; The storage container is driven by a driving component (2) to spray the flame retardant (6) into the gap (18) between the isolation module and the battery cell (17) through the output pipe (3), and the flame retardant (6) is used to form the flame retardant isolation layer on the side of the battery cell (17).

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