Charging voltage control method and system based on power semiconductor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a charging voltage control method and system based on a power semiconductor, and the method comprises the steps: determining a semiconductor charging mechanism, carrying out the environment fitting test of the semiconductor charging mechanism through an environment detector, obtaining an environment test data set, and determining the current target voltage and current constant current of an energy storage battery; and constructing a photovoltaic power function according to the operating temperature, the current photo-generated current value and the current saturation current value, performing particle swarm simulation on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current to obtain an optimal charging voltage, calculating an optimal duty ratio according to the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and outputting the optimal duty ratio. And setting a power semiconductor of a voltage conversion charger in the operation charging mechanism by using the optimal duty ratio to obtain a target charging mechanism, and completing charging voltage control. According to the invention, the accuracy of adjusting the charging voltage can be improved, and the charging efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a charging voltage control method and system based on power semiconductors. Background Art

[0002] With the development of renewable energy, photovoltaic energy storage systems have been widely used in various energy scenarios. Photovoltaic modules convert solar energy into electrical energy, which is then charged through voltage conversion circuits to store energy. Power semiconductors, especially MOSFET devices, act as power switches and regulators in DC-DC converters. By controlling the duty cycle of the PWM signal input to the MOSFET, the charging voltage can be dynamically adjusted.

[0003] Currently, existing charging voltage control methods mostly use maximum power point tracking algorithms. By continuously adjusting the duty cycle of the MOSFET in the voltage conversion circuit, the photovoltaic modules are kept operating at the maximum power point while adjusting the charging voltage, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] While existing methods can achieve charging voltage control, they don't fully consider the actual power requirements of energy storage batteries, which can easily lead to a mismatch between output power and the battery's state of charge, affecting charging efficiency and even accelerating battery performance degradation. Furthermore, the maximum power point tracking algorithm gradually approaches the optimal operating point by frequently switching between different duty cycles, resulting in large fluctuations in charging voltage, posing potential safety risks, and limited regulation accuracy and speed. Therefore, a charging voltage control method that considers the state of the energy storage battery and accurately and quickly determines the optimal duty cycle is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors and a computer-readable storage medium, the main purpose of which is to improve the accuracy of regulating the charging voltage and enhance the charging efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors, comprising:

[0007] Identify a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery, and an environmental detector. The photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger;

[0008] Using an environmental detector to perform an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain an environmental test data group;

[0009] When receiving a pre-built charging control instruction, confirming the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism;

[0010] Confirm the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference based on the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, and compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference;

[0011] If the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value are calculated based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature;

[0012] Constructing a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value and the current saturation current value;

[0013] Based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current, a particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function to obtain the optimal charging voltage;

[0014] Calculating an optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and setting the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism using the optimal duty cycle to obtain a target charging mechanism;

[0015] The time of obtaining the target charging mechanism is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the process returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference. The energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

[0016] Optionally, the environmental fitting test of the semiconductor charging mechanism is performed using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set, including:

[0017] Disconnect and extract the photovoltaic components in the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain the test photovoltaic components;

[0018] The temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector are used to obtain the test temperature and test light intensity respectively;

[0019] Connecting a pre-built voltmeter to the power output terminal of the test PV module to obtain a test voltmeter;

[0020] Use the test voltmeter to read the test open circuit voltage value of the test photovoltaic module;

[0021] Connecting a pre-built ammeter to the power output terminal of the test photovoltaic module to obtain a test ammeter;

[0022] Use the test ammeter to read the test photocurrent value of the test photovoltaic module;

[0023] Calculate the test saturation current value according to the test temperature, test open circuit voltage value and test photocurrent value;

[0024] The test temperature, test light intensity, test photocurrent value, test open circuit voltage value and test saturation current value are summarized to obtain an environmental test data group.

[0025] Optionally, the determining of the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism includes:

[0026] Use the temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector to obtain the current temperature and current light intensity respectively;

[0027] Comparing the current light intensity with a preset light intensity threshold; if the current light intensity is less than the light intensity threshold, taking the time of obtaining the current temperature and the current light intensity as the starting point and recording the time in real time to obtain a feedback time; when the feedback time reaches the preset feedback time threshold, returning to the steps of respectively obtaining the current temperature and the current light intensity using the temperature sensor and the light sensor in the environmental detector until the current light intensity is greater than or equal to the light intensity threshold;

[0028] If the current light intensity is greater than or equal to the light intensity threshold, the current light intensity is used as the operating light intensity, the current temperature is used as the operating temperature, and the voltage conversion charger in the semiconductor charging mechanism is started to obtain the operating charging mechanism.

[0029] Optionally, determining the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery includes:

[0030] Read the current battery voltage and total battery capacity of the energy storage battery;

[0031] Calculating a current target voltage based on the current battery voltage and the preset boost voltage, wherein the current target voltage is the sum of the current battery voltage and the boost voltage;

[0032] The current constant current is calculated based on the total battery capacity and a preset charging rate, wherein the current constant current is the product of the total battery capacity and the charging rate.

[0033] Optionally, the calculating of the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value according to the environmental test data group, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature includes:

[0034] Calculate the current photocurrent value based on the operating light intensity, operating temperature, test temperature, test light intensity and test photocurrent value in the environmental test data group;

[0035] Calculate the current open circuit voltage value according to the operating temperature, test temperature and test open circuit voltage value;

[0036] The current saturation current value is calculated based on the operating temperature, test temperature and test saturation current value.

[0037] Optionally, the photovoltaic power function is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, P(U) is the photovoltaic power function, U is the independent variable of the photovoltaic power function, I Bx is the current saturation current value, I gx is the current photocurrent value, e is the natural constant, q0 is the preset electron charge, K is the preset Boltzmann constant, T x is the operating temperature, and α is the preset ideal factor.

[0040] Optionally, performing particle swarm simulation on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage, and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage includes:

[0041] Calculating the current optimal power according to the current target voltage and the current constant current, wherein the current optimal power is the product of the current target voltage and the current constant current;

[0042] Determine the position selection range based on the current open circuit voltage value and the voltage threshold;

[0043] Determine the speed selection range based on the current open circuit voltage value and voltage threshold;

[0044] Obtaining a particle swarm, wherein the particle swarm includes: a plurality of particles;

[0045] The following operations are performed on each particle in the particle swarm:

[0046] The position selection range and the speed selection range are randomly selected to obtain the initial particle position and initial particle speed;

[0047] The particles are set based on the initial particle positions and initial particle velocities to obtain labeled particles;

[0048] Summarize the labeled particles to obtain a labeled particle group;

[0049] The particle swarm is iterated on the marked particle swarm according to the current optimal power to obtain the optimal charging voltage.

[0050] Optionally, performing particle swarm iteration on the marked particle swarm according to the current optimal power to obtain the optimal charging voltage includes:

[0051] Identifying a plurality of particle memories, wherein the particle memories correspond one-to-one to the labeled particles in the labeled particle group;

[0052] The following operations are performed on each labeled particle in the labeled particle group:

[0053] Taking the initial particle position corresponding to the marked particle as the independent variable of the photovoltaic power function and substituting the independent variable into the photovoltaic power function for calculation to obtain the particle power value;

[0054] Calculate the particle fitness based on the particle power value and the current optimal power, where the particle fitness is the absolute difference between the particle power value and the current optimal power;

[0055] Integrate the particle fitness and the initial particle position into a particle data packet, store the particle data packet in a particle memory corresponding to the particle data packet, and obtain an updated memory;

[0056] Determine an individual optimal data packet based on the update memory, wherein the individual optimal data packet is a particle data packet with the smallest particle fitness among all particle data packets in the update memory;

[0057] Summarizing the individual optimal data packets and the update memories respectively to obtain multiple individual optimal data packets and multiple update memories, wherein the individual optimal data packets and the update memories all correspond to the marked particles one by one;

[0058] Confirming a global optimal data packet based on multiple individual optimal data packets, wherein the global optimal data packet is the individual optimal data packet with the smallest particle fitness among the multiple individual optimal data packets;

[0059] Determine a global optimal position based on the global optimal data packet, wherein the global optimal position is the initial particle position in the global optimal data packet;

[0060] Determining the number of times the step of performing the following operation on each labeled particle in the labeled particle group is performed;

[0061] The following operations are performed on each of the multiple individual optimal data packets:

[0062] Based on the number of executions, the initial particle position in the individual optimal data packet and the global optimal position, the marked particle corresponding to the individual optimal data packet is updated to obtain the updated particle;

[0063] Summarize the updated particles to obtain the updated particle swarm;

[0064] Obtaining a global fitness based on the global optimal position and the current optimal power, comparing the global fitness with a preset fitness threshold, and comparing the number of executions with a preset number threshold;

[0065] If the global fitness is greater than the adaptation threshold and the number of executions is less than the number threshold, the updated particle swarm is used as the marked particle swarm, the multiple update memories are used as multiple particle memories, and the process returns to the step of performing the following operations on each marked particle in the marked particle swarm until the global fitness is less than or equal to the adaptation threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold;

[0066] If the global fitness is less than or equal to the fitness threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold, the global optimal position is used as the optimal charging voltage.

[0067] Optionally, updating the marked particles corresponding to the individual optimal data packet based on the number of executions, the initial particle positions in the individual optimal data packet, and the global optimal position to obtain updated particles includes:

[0068] Randomly extracting a preset initial value range to obtain a first random number;

[0069] The updated particle velocity is calculated based on the first random number, the number of executions, the initial particle position in the individual optimal data packet, the global optimal position, the initial particle velocity of the marked particle, and the initial particle position of the marked particle. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, v new To update the particle velocity, v0 is the initial particle velocity of the marker particle, N x is the number of executions, X pb and X gb are the initial particle position and the global optimal position in the individual optimal data packet, respectively, X0 is the initial particle position of the marked particle, and ω1 is the first random number;

[0072] Calculate and update the particle position based on the initial particle position of the marked particle and the updated particle velocity;

[0073] The marker particle is set based on the update particle position and the update particle velocity to obtain the update particle.

[0074] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention further provides a charging voltage control system based on power semiconductors, comprising:

[0075] A charging mechanism confirmation module is used to confirm a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, wherein the photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger;

[0076] The charging mechanism analysis module is used to perform environmental fitting tests on the semiconductor charging mechanism using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set. When a pre-built charging control instruction is received, the module determines the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism.

[0077] A power function construction module is used to determine the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference between the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference, and if the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, calculate the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature, and construct a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value, and the current saturation current value;

[0078] The optimal voltage simulation module is used to perform particle swarm simulation on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage, calculate the optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and use the optimal duty cycle to set the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism to obtain the target charging mechanism. The time when the target charging mechanism is obtained is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches a preset interval threshold, the module returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference, and the energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

[0079] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0080] a memory storing at least one instruction;

[0081] The processor executes the instructions stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors.

[0082] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores at least one instruction. The at least one instruction is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the above-mentioned power semiconductor-based charging voltage control method.

[0083] The present invention is to solve the problems described in the background technology. The present invention identifies a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic component, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, wherein the photovoltaic component includes: a power output end, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic component is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention realizes the system integration of power generation, conversion, energy storage and environmental collection by constructing an integrated semiconductor charging mechanism including a photovoltaic component, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, which facilitates the unified scheduling of the subsequent charging control process, and then uses the environmental detector to control the semiconductor charging mechanism. An environmental fitting test is performed to obtain an environmental test data group. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention performs an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain the test photocurrent value, test open-circuit voltage value and test saturation current value of the photovoltaic component in the semiconductor charging mechanism under specific environmental conditions, so as to provide basic parameters of the photovoltaic component for the subsequent construction of the photovoltaic power function, thereby improving the accuracy of charging control. When a pre-constructed charging control instruction is received, the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity and operating temperature are confirmed based on the semiconductor charging mechanism. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention confirms the operating light intensity and operating temperature at this time, which facilitates the subsequent accurate calculation of the current photocurrent value, current open-circuit voltage value and current saturation current value according to the operating light intensity and operating temperature, thereby improving the adjustment of the charging voltage. The real-time performance of the energy storage battery is improved, the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery are confirmed, the voltage difference is calculated according to the current target voltage and the preset voltage threshold, the voltage difference is compared with the preset limit difference, if the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open circuit voltage value and the current saturation current value are calculated according to the environmental test data group, the operating light intensity and the operating temperature. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention confirms the current target voltage of the energy storage battery in real time, calculates the limit difference, and determines the current charging stage of the energy storage battery by the limit difference to avoid the risk of overcharging the energy storage battery. At the same time, the current photocurrent value, the current open circuit voltage value and the current saturation current value are calculated in real time according to the current environmental test data group, the operating light intensity and the operating temperature, thereby improving the charging performance. The accuracy and real-time performance of voltage regulation are improved. A photovoltaic power function is constructed according to the operating temperature, the current photovoltaic current value, and the current saturation current value. A particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage, and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention constructs a photovoltaic power function and combines it with the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. Under the premise of considering the actual charging needs of the energy storage battery, the optimal charging voltage that meets the actual charging needs and has the highest light energy utilization rate is calculated in real time, thereby improving the traditional MPPT algorithm that pursues the maximum power point. Not only is the accuracy and speed of determining the optimal charging voltage improved through the particle swarm optimization algorithm, but the photovoltaic charging efficiency and the safety of the energy storage battery are also effectively improved.According to the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, the optimal duty cycle is calculated, the power semiconductor in the voltage conversion charger in the running charging mechanism is set by using the optimal duty cycle, the target charging mechanism is obtained, the time when the target charging mechanism is obtained is taken as a starting point and the time is recorded in real time, the charging interval time is obtained, when the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery is returned, until the voltage difference value is less than or equal to the limit difference value, the energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is taken as a target battery, the charging voltage control is completed, and it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application adjusts the duty cycle of the power semiconductor to accurately control the charging voltage, simultaneously creates a cycle process by using the charging interval time, returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery when the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, so that the duty cycle of the power semiconductor is adjusted in real time according to the current illumination and the charging state of the energy storage battery, the accuracy of adjusting the charging voltage is improved, and the charging efficiency is improved. Therefore, the present application can improve the accuracy of adjusting the charging voltage and improve the charging efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0084] Figure 1 A flowchart of a charging voltage control method based on a power semiconductor provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0085] Figure 2 A function module diagram of a charging voltage control system based on a power semiconductor provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0086] Figure 3 A structure diagram of an electronic device for implementing the charging voltage control method based on a power semiconductor provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0087] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0088] 1, electronic device; 10, processor; 11, memory; 12, bus.

[0089] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0091] The embodiments of the present application provide a power semiconductor-based charging voltage control method. The execution subject of the power semiconductor-based charging voltage control method includes but is not limited to at least one of the electronic devices such as a server, a terminal, etc. that can be configured to execute the method provided by the embodiments of the present application. In other words, the power semiconductor-based charging voltage control method can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes but is not limited to: a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cloud server cluster, etc.

[0092] Reference Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling charging voltage based on power semiconductors according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the method for controlling charging voltage based on power semiconductors includes:

[0093] S1. Identify a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector. The photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger.

[0094] It should be explained that the semiconductor charging mechanism is a device that integrates a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery, and an environmental detector. The photovoltaic module is a photovoltaic array. The power output terminal is the total output terminal for the photovoltaic array to transmit electrical energy. The power output terminal of the photovoltaic module is connected to the input terminal of the voltage conversion charger, and the output terminal of the voltage conversion charger is connected to the input terminal of the energy storage battery. The voltage conversion charger is a DC-DC converter including a buck circuit. The MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor transistor) in the buck circuit is the power semiconductor. In this embodiment of the present invention, the ratio between the output voltage and input voltage of the voltage conversion charger is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal input to the MOSFET. This technique of controlling the ratio between the output voltage and input voltage of the voltage conversion charger by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal input to the MOSFET is prior art and will not be further described here. The environmental detector is a device that integrates a temperature sensor and a light sensor. The temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector are both mounted on the surface of the photovoltaic module and are used to monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic module surface and the light intensity received by the surface, respectively.

[0095] S2. Perform an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set.

[0096] In detail, the environmental fitting test of the semiconductor charging mechanism is performed using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set, including:

[0097] Disconnect and extract the photovoltaic components in the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain the test photovoltaic components;

[0098] The temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector are used to obtain the test temperature and test light intensity respectively;

[0099] Connecting a pre-built voltmeter to the power output terminal of the test PV module to obtain a test voltmeter;

[0100] Use the test voltmeter to read the test open circuit voltage value of the test photovoltaic module;

[0101] Connecting a pre-built ammeter to the power output terminal of the test photovoltaic module to obtain a test ammeter;

[0102] Use the test ammeter to read the test photocurrent value of the test photovoltaic module;

[0103] The test saturation current value is calculated based on the test temperature, test open circuit voltage value and test photocurrent value. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, I B To test the saturation current value, I g To test the photocurrent value, V K To test the open circuit voltage value, q0 is the preset electron charge, K is the preset Boltzmann constant, T c is the test temperature, α is the preset ideal factor, and e is the natural constant;

[0106] The test temperature, test light intensity, test photocurrent value, test open circuit voltage value and test saturation current value are summarized to obtain an environmental test data group.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present invention, all temperatures are expressed in Kelvin.

[0108] It should be explained that disconnecting and extracting the photovoltaic assembly in the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain a test photovoltaic assembly refers to disconnecting the photovoltaic assembly in the semiconductor charging mechanism from the voltage conversion charger and extracting the disconnected photovoltaic assembly to obtain the test photovoltaic assembly. The test temperature and test light intensity refer to the surface temperature of the test photovoltaic assembly and the light intensity of the light received on the surface of the test photovoltaic assembly, respectively, when the test photovoltaic assembly is obtained. The technology for obtaining the test temperature and test light intensity using the temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector, respectively, is prior art and will not be further described here.

[0109] It should be understood that the open circuit voltage value refers to the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic module under the test temperature and test light intensity conditions, and the photocurrent value refers to the current generated by the photovoltaic module due to photon excitation under the test temperature and test light intensity conditions. The saturation current value refers to the reverse saturation current of the PN junction diode inside the photovoltaic module under the test temperature and test light intensity conditions. The electron charge is 1.602×10 -19 Coulomb, Boltzmann constant is 1.381×10 -23 Joule / Kelvin. The ideality factor is related to the photovoltaic materials used in photovoltaic modules and can be obtained by referring to the product manual of the photovoltaic modules. For example, the ideality factor of crystalline silicon solar cells is usually between 1.0 and 1.3, while the ideality factor of thin-film cells is usually between 1.5 and 2.0.

[0110] S3. When a pre-built charging control instruction is received, the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature are confirmed based on the semiconductor charging mechanism.

[0111] It should be explained that the charging control instruction is initiated by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism. For example, Xiao Zhang is the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism. Now Xiao Zhang needs to use the photovoltaic components in the semiconductor charging mechanism to charge the energy storage battery, so he initiates the charging control instruction.

[0112] In detail, the step of determining the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism includes:

[0113] Use the temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector to obtain the current temperature and current light intensity respectively;

[0114] Comparing the current light intensity with a preset light intensity threshold; if the current light intensity is less than the light intensity threshold, taking the time of obtaining the current temperature and the current light intensity as the starting point and recording the time in real time to obtain a feedback time; when the feedback time reaches the preset feedback time threshold, returning to the steps of respectively obtaining the current temperature and the current light intensity using the temperature sensor and the light sensor in the environmental detector until the current light intensity is greater than or equal to the light intensity threshold;

[0115] If the current light intensity is greater than or equal to the light intensity threshold, the current light intensity is used as the operating light intensity, the current temperature is used as the operating temperature, and the voltage conversion charger in the semiconductor charging mechanism is started to obtain the operating charging mechanism.

[0116] It should be explained that the current temperature and the current light intensity refer to the temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic module at this time and the light intensity received by the surface of the photovoltaic module at this time, respectively.

[0117] For example, if the current temperature and light intensity are obtained at 09:00:00, then 09:00:00 is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time. At 09:00:02, the charging interval is 2 seconds, and at 09:00:03, the charging interval is 3 seconds. Preferably, the feedback time threshold is 30 minutes.

[0118] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present invention compares the current light intensity with the light intensity threshold to determine whether the charging start threshold has been reached. When the ambient light intensity reaches or exceeds the light intensity threshold, the photovoltaic module will have sufficient and stable power output and can enter the subsequent charging state, thereby starting the voltage conversion charger in the semiconductor charging mechanism. Starting the voltage conversion charger in the semiconductor charging mechanism refers to: performing a self-test operation on the voltage conversion charger, and the self-test operation includes but is not limited to temperature detection, overvoltage detection and undervoltage detection. After the self-test is completed, the MOSFET tube in the semiconductor charging mechanism is turned on, so that the electrical energy output by the photovoltaic module can be transmitted to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger. Running the charging mechanism is the semiconductor charging mechanism after starting the voltage conversion charger.

[0119] It is understood that because the voltage conversion charger used in the embodiments of the present invention is a DC-DC converter including a buck circuit, which can only step down the input voltage, the light intensity threshold is manually set by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism based on the model of the photovoltaic module and the energy storage battery. Specifically, when setting the light intensity threshold, it must be satisfied that the open-circuit voltage generated by the photovoltaic module under conditions equal to the light intensity threshold must be greater than the voltage threshold of the energy storage battery. For the specific application of the voltage threshold, please refer to the subsequent embodiments. Optionally, the light intensity threshold is 15,000 lux.

[0120] S4. Confirm the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference according to the current target voltage and the preset voltage threshold, and compare the voltage difference with the preset limit difference.

[0121] In detail, the determining of the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery includes:

[0122] Read the current battery voltage and total battery capacity of the energy storage battery;

[0123] Calculating a current target voltage based on the current battery voltage and the preset boost voltage, wherein the current target voltage is the sum of the current battery voltage and the boost voltage;

[0124] The current constant current is calculated based on the total battery capacity and a preset charging rate, wherein the current constant current is the product of the total battery capacity and the charging rate.

[0125] It should be explained that the current battery voltage refers to the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery at that moment, and the total battery capacity refers to the rated capacity of the energy storage battery. Both the current battery voltage and the total battery capacity can be read through the energy storage battery's built-in BMS battery system. The technology for reading both the current battery voltage and the total battery capacity through the energy storage battery's built-in BMS battery system is prior art and will not be further described here. The voltage difference is the absolute difference between the current target voltage and the voltage threshold.

[0126] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention regulates the constant current charging stage in the charging process of the energy storage battery. The current target voltage and the current constant current are the charging voltage and charging current required for the subsequent charging of the energy storage battery. In the constant current charging stage, by setting the charging voltage to be slightly higher than the current battery voltage, the current is caused to flow from the photovoltaic side to the energy storage battery side. The rising voltage is related to the model of the energy storage battery and is manually set by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism. Optionally, the rising voltage is 0.3V. At the same time, to ensure that the charging process is stable and safe, a constant charging current needs to be maintained in this stage. The specific value of the constant current is determined by the total capacity of the battery and the preset charging rate. The charging rate is usually set by the energy storage battery manufacturer at the factory according to the battery cell characteristics of the energy storage battery. For example: if the charging rate is 0.5C and the battery capacity is 10Ah, then the current constant current is 10Ah×0.5C=5A. The voltage threshold refers to the maximum terminal voltage allowed to be reached by the battery during the charging process. Exceeding the maximum terminal voltage may cause serious consequences such as overcharging and thermal runaway. The voltage threshold is related to the model of the energy storage battery and is set by the energy storage battery manufacturer at the factory based on the battery cell characteristics of the energy storage battery.

[0127] It should be understood that when charging the energy storage battery, it first enters the constant current charging stage, in which the energy storage battery is charged with the current constant current. When the current target voltage gradually rises and the voltage difference between it and the voltage threshold is less than the limit difference (i.e., close to the maximum charging voltage), it is necessary to stop the constant current charging stage and switch to the constant voltage charging stage to gradually reduce the charging current, thereby avoiding the risk of overcharging the energy storage battery. The embodiment of the present invention only involves the regulation of the constant current charging stage of the energy storage battery, setting the limit difference to determine the completion of the constant current charging stage. The limit difference is related to the model of the energy storage battery and is manually set by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism. Optionally, the limit difference is 0.2V.

[0128] S5. If the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value are calculated based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature.

[0129] In detail, the calculation of the current photocurrent value, the current open circuit voltage value and the current saturation current value according to the environmental test data group, the operating light intensity and the operating temperature includes:

[0130] The current photocurrent value is calculated based on the operating light intensity, operating temperature, test temperature, test light intensity and test photocurrent value in the environmental test data group. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0131]

[0132] Among them, I gx is the current photocurrent value, G X is the operating light intensity, G c To test the light intensity, T x is the operating temperature, γ1 is the preset current temperature coefficient;

[0133] The current open circuit voltage value is calculated based on the operating temperature, test temperature and test open circuit voltage value. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0134] V Bx =V K +γ2×(T x -T c )

[0135] Among them, V Bx is the current open circuit voltage value, γ2 is the preset voltage temperature coefficient;

[0136] The current saturation current value is calculated based on the operating temperature, test temperature and test saturation current value. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0137]

[0138] Among them, I Bx is the current saturation current value, E x is the preset silicon semiconductor band gap.

[0139] It should be explained that the current photocurrent value and the current saturation current value refer to the magnitude of the current generated by the photovoltaic module due to photon excitation under the operating light intensity and operating temperature conditions and the magnitude of the reverse saturation current of the PN junction diode inside the photovoltaic module, respectively.

[0140] It is understood that the current temperature coefficient is a positive value set by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism. Preferably, the current temperature coefficient is 0.0005 amperes per kelvin. The voltage temperature coefficient is a negative value set by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism. Preferably, the voltage temperature coefficient is -0.005 volts per kelvin. The silicon semiconductor bandgap refers to the bandgap of silicon at operating temperature conditions.

[0141] S6. Construct a photovoltaic power function according to the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value, and the current saturation current value.

[0142] In detail, the photovoltaic power function is as follows:

[0143]

[0144] Among them, P(U) is the photovoltaic power function, U is the independent variable of the photovoltaic power function, I Bx is the current saturation current value, I gx is the current photocurrent value, e is the natural constant, q0 is the preset electron charge, K is the preset Boltzmann constant, T x is the operating temperature, and α is the preset ideal factor.

[0145] S7. Based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current, a particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function to obtain the optimal charging voltage.

[0146] In detail, the particle swarm simulation of the photovoltaic power function based on the current open circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage includes:

[0147] Calculating the current optimal power according to the current target voltage and the current constant current, wherein the current optimal power is the product of the current target voltage and the current constant current;

[0148] The position selection range is determined based on the current open circuit voltage value and the voltage threshold, where the position selection range is as follows:

[0149] [V max ,V Bx ]

[0150] Among them, V max is the voltage threshold;

[0151] The speed selection range is determined based on the current open circuit voltage value and the voltage threshold, where the speed selection range is as follows:

[0152] [-2×ε D ×(V Bx -V max ),2×ε D ×(V Bx -V max )]

[0153] Among them, ε D is the preset speed coefficient;

[0154] Obtaining a particle swarm, wherein the particle swarm includes: a plurality of particles;

[0155] The following operations are performed on each particle in the particle swarm:

[0156] The position selection range and the speed selection range are randomly selected to obtain the initial particle position and initial particle speed;

[0157] The particles are set based on the initial particle positions and initial particle velocities to obtain labeled particles;

[0158] Summarize the labeled particles to obtain a labeled particle group;

[0159] The particle swarm is iterated on the marked particle swarm according to the current optimal power to obtain the optimal charging voltage.

[0160] It should be explained that the speed coefficient is a value set manually by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism, and the value range of the speed coefficient is [0.1, 0.3]. A particle swarm is a collection of multiple particles in the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The particles can move within the position selection range, and the position of each particle represents a value in the position selection range.

[0161] It is understood that randomly selecting both the position selection range and the speed selection range to obtain the initial particle position and initial particle velocity means randomly selecting a value from the position selection range as the initial particle position, and randomly selecting a value from the speed selection range as the initial particle velocity. Setting the particles based on the initial particle position and initial particle velocity means setting the particle position as the initial particle position and the particle velocity as the initial particle velocity. A marked particle group is a collection of multiple marked particles. The optimal charging voltage refers to the ideal voltage input from the photovoltaic module to the voltage conversion charger when subsequently charging the energy storage battery.

[0162] In detail, performing particle swarm iteration on the marked particle swarm according to the current optimal power to obtain the optimal charging voltage includes:

[0163] Identifying a plurality of particle memories, wherein the particle memories correspond one-to-one to the labeled particles in the labeled particle group;

[0164] The following operations are performed on each labeled particle in the labeled particle group:

[0165] Taking the initial particle position corresponding to the marked particle as the independent variable of the photovoltaic power function and substituting the independent variable into the photovoltaic power function for calculation to obtain the particle power value;

[0166] Calculate the particle fitness based on the particle power value and the current optimal power, where the particle fitness is the absolute difference between the particle power value and the current optimal power;

[0167] Integrate the particle fitness and the initial particle position into a particle data packet, store the particle data packet in a particle memory corresponding to the particle data packet, and obtain an updated memory;

[0168] Determine an individual optimal data packet based on the update memory, wherein the individual optimal data packet is a particle data packet with the smallest particle fitness among all particle data packets in the update memory;

[0169] Summarizing the individual optimal data packets and the update memories respectively to obtain multiple individual optimal data packets and multiple update memories, wherein the individual optimal data packets and the update memories all correspond to the marked particles one by one;

[0170] Confirming a global optimal data packet based on multiple individual optimal data packets, wherein the global optimal data packet is the individual optimal data packet with the smallest particle fitness among the multiple individual optimal data packets;

[0171] Determine a global optimal position based on the global optimal data packet, wherein the global optimal position is the initial particle position in the global optimal data packet;

[0172] Determining the number of times the step of performing the following operation on each labeled particle in the labeled particle group is performed;

[0173] The following operations are performed on each of the multiple individual optimal data packets:

[0174] Based on the number of executions, the initial particle position in the individual optimal data packet and the global optimal position, the marked particle corresponding to the individual optimal data packet is updated to obtain the updated particle;

[0175] Summarize the updated particles to obtain the updated particle swarm;

[0176] Obtaining a global fitness based on the global optimal position and the current optimal power, comparing the global fitness with a preset fitness threshold, and comparing the number of executions with a preset number threshold;

[0177] If the global fitness is greater than the adaptation threshold and the number of executions is less than the number threshold, the updated particle swarm is used as the marked particle swarm, the multiple update memories are used as multiple particle memories, and the process returns to the step of performing the following operations on each marked particle in the marked particle swarm until the global fitness is less than or equal to the adaptation threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold;

[0178] If the global fitness is less than or equal to the fitness threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold, the global optimal position is used as the optimal charging voltage.

[0179] It should be explained that the particle memory is a memory for storing particle data packets, and integrating the particle fitness and initial particle position into a particle data packet means storing the particle fitness as data in the data packet to obtain the particle data packet. The update memory is the particle memory that stores the particle data packet.

[0180] It should be understood that during the first iteration of the update memory, there is only one particle data packet in the update memory. At this time, the particle data packet is the individual optimal data packet. During the subsequent multiple loop iterations, the particle data packets in the update memory continue to increase. At this time, the individual optimal data packet is the particle data packet with the smallest particle fitness among all the particle data packets in the update memory.

[0181] Exemplarily, if the following operation is performed on each marked particle in the marked particle group for the first time, the number of executions at this time is 1, and then the following operation is performed on each individual optimal data packet in multiple individual optimal data packets, and the global fitness is calculated. If the global fitness is 0.2, if the preset adaptation threshold is 0.05, then the global fitness is greater than the adaptation threshold at this time. If the preset number threshold is 100 times, then the number of executions at this time is less than the number threshold. Therefore, the updated particle group is used as the marked particle group, and the multiple update memories are used as multiple particle memories. Return to the step of performing the following operation on each marked particle in the marked particle group, that is, the following operation is performed on each marked particle in the marked particle group for the second time, and the number of executions at this time is 2, and so on, until the global fitness is less than or equal to the adaptation threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold, and the global optimal position obtained in the last iteration process is used as the optimal charging voltage. It should be noted that when the update particle group is used as the marked particle group, each update particle in the update particle group is also converted into a marked particle, and the update position and update speed of the update particle are also converted into the initial particle position and initial particle speed of the marked particle, respectively, to ensure the iterative execution of the loop steps.

[0182] It is understandable that the adaptation threshold is a value set manually by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism based on actual application requirements and expected iteration time, and the adaptation threshold value range is [0,1]. For example, if the set adaptation threshold is larger, the particle swarm optimization algorithm has lower precision requirements for the optimal charging voltage, and thus it is easier to meet the termination condition, resulting in fewer iterations and shorter calculation time. Conversely, the smaller the adaptation threshold, the higher the precision requirements for the optimal charging voltage, and more iterations are required to meet the termination condition. The number threshold is a value set manually by the operator of the semiconductor charging mechanism, and the number threshold value range is [50,200]. By setting the number threshold, the running time of the particle swarm iteration is controlled, and the extreme situation where the global fitness cannot be less than or equal to the adaptation threshold after multiple iterations is prevented.

[0183] It should be understood that the method for obtaining the global fitness based on the global optimal position and the current optimal power is the same as the method for calculating the particle fitness based on the particle power value and the current optimal power, and will not be repeated here.

[0184] In detail, the updating of the marked particles corresponding to the individual optimal data packet based on the number of executions, the initial particle positions in the individual optimal data packet, and the global optimal position to obtain updated particles includes:

[0185] Randomly extracting a preset initial value range to obtain a first random number;

[0186] The updated particle velocity is calculated based on the first random number, the number of executions, the initial particle position in the individual optimal data packet, the global optimal position, the initial particle velocity of the marked particle, and the initial particle position of the marked particle. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0187]

[0188] Among them, v new To update the particle velocity, v0 is the initial particle velocity of the marker particle, N x is the number of executions, X pb and X gb are the initial particle position and the global optimal position in the individual optimal data packet, respectively, X0 is the initial particle position of the marked particle, and ω1 is the first random number;

[0189] The updated particle position is calculated based on the initial particle position of the marked particle and the updated particle velocity. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0190] X new =X0+v new

[0191] Among them, X new To update the particle velocity, X0 is the initial particle position of the marked particle;

[0192] The marker particle is set based on the update particle position and the update particle velocity to obtain the update particle.

[0193] It should be understood that the initial value range is [0, 1], and randomly extracting the preset initial value range to obtain the first random number means: randomly selecting a value from the initial value range as the first random number.

[0194] It is understandable that the method of setting the marked particles based on the updated particle position and the updated particle velocity to obtain the updated particles is the same as the method of setting the particles based on the initial particle position and the initial particle velocity to obtain the marked particles, and will not be repeated here.

[0195] S8. Calculate an optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and use the optimal duty cycle to set the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism to obtain a target charging mechanism.

[0196] In detail, the calculation formula of the optimal duty cycle is as follows:

[0197]

[0198] Among them, D BEST For the optimal duty cycle, V out is the optimal charging voltage, V in is the current target voltage.

[0199] It should be explained that the use of the optimal duty cycle to set the voltage conversion charger in the running charging mechanism to obtain the target charging mechanism means: in the voltage conversion charger of the running charging mechanism, the duty cycle of the PWM signal of the input power semiconductor is adjusted to the optimal duty cycle, and the running charging mechanism after the above adjustment is used as the target charging mechanism.

[0200] S9. Starting from the time when the target charging mechanism is obtained and recording the time in real time, a charging interval time is obtained. When the charging interval time reaches a preset interval threshold, the process returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference. The energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

[0201] For example, if the time of the target charging mechanism is 10:00:00, then 10:00:00 is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time. At 10:00:02, the charging interval time is 2 seconds, and at 10:00:03, the charging interval time is 3 seconds. Preferably, the interval threshold is 5 minutes.

[0202] It should be understood that during the charging process, the current battery voltage of the energy storage battery will gradually increase, and the light conditions received by the photovoltaic panel will also change. Therefore, it is necessary to return to the steps of confirming the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery at regular intervals to re-determine the new duty cycle, thereby re-regulating the input voltage and output voltage of the voltage conversion charger. When the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference, the constant current charging stage of the energy storage battery is completed, and the charging voltage is controlled.

[0203] The present invention is to solve the problems described in the background technology. The present invention identifies a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic component, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, wherein the photovoltaic component includes: a power output end, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic component is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention realizes the system integration of power generation, conversion, energy storage and environmental collection by constructing an integrated semiconductor charging mechanism including a photovoltaic component, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, which facilitates the unified scheduling of the subsequent charging control process, and then uses the environmental detector to control the semiconductor charging mechanism. An environmental fitting test is performed to obtain an environmental test data group. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention performs an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain the test photocurrent value, test open-circuit voltage value and test saturation current value of the photovoltaic component in the semiconductor charging mechanism under specific environmental conditions, so as to provide basic parameters of the photovoltaic component for the subsequent construction of the photovoltaic power function, thereby improving the accuracy of charging control. When a pre-constructed charging control instruction is received, the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity and operating temperature are confirmed based on the semiconductor charging mechanism. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention confirms the operating light intensity and operating temperature at this time, which facilitates the subsequent accurate calculation of the current photocurrent value, current open-circuit voltage value and current saturation current value according to the operating light intensity and operating temperature, thereby improving the adjustment of the charging voltage. The real-time performance of the energy storage battery is improved, the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery are confirmed, the voltage difference is calculated according to the current target voltage and the preset voltage threshold, the voltage difference is compared with the preset limit difference, if the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open circuit voltage value and the current saturation current value are calculated according to the environmental test data group, the operating light intensity and the operating temperature. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention confirms the current target voltage of the energy storage battery in real time, calculates the limit difference, and determines the current charging stage of the energy storage battery by the limit difference to avoid the risk of overcharging the energy storage battery. At the same time, the current photocurrent value, the current open circuit voltage value and the current saturation current value are calculated in real time according to the current environmental test data group, the operating light intensity and the operating temperature, thereby improving the charging performance. The accuracy and real-time performance of voltage regulation are improved. A photovoltaic power function is constructed according to the operating temperature, the current photovoltaic current value, and the current saturation current value. A particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage, and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention constructs a photovoltaic power function and combines it with the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. Under the premise of considering the actual charging needs of the energy storage battery, the optimal charging voltage that meets the actual charging needs and has the highest light energy utilization rate is calculated in real time, thereby improving the traditional MPPT algorithm that pursues the maximum power point. Not only is the accuracy and speed of determining the optimal charging voltage improved through the particle swarm optimization algorithm, but the photovoltaic charging efficiency and the safety of the energy storage battery are also effectively improved.The optimal duty cycle is calculated based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage. The optimal duty cycle is used to set the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism to obtain the target charging mechanism. The time when the target charging mechanism is obtained is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery is returned until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference. The energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention accurately controls the charging voltage by adjusting the duty cycle of the power semiconductor. At the same time, a cyclic process is created using the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery is returned, thereby adjusting the duty cycle of the power semiconductor in real time according to the current lighting conditions and the charging state of the energy storage battery, improving the accuracy of adjusting the charging voltage, and improving the charging efficiency. Therefore, the present invention can improve the accuracy of adjusting the charging voltage and improve the charging efficiency.

[0204] like Figure 2 , which is a functional module diagram of a power semiconductor-based charging voltage control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0205] The power semiconductor-based charging voltage control system 100 of the present invention can be installed in an electronic device 1. Depending on the functionality implemented, the power semiconductor-based charging voltage control system 100 can include a charging mechanism confirmation module 101, a charging mechanism analysis module 102, a power function construction module 103, and an optimal voltage simulation module 104. A module, also referred to as a unit, is a series of computer program segments that can be executed by an electronic device processor and perform a fixed function, and is stored in the electronic device's memory.

[0206] The charging mechanism confirmation module 101 is used to confirm the semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, wherein the photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger;

[0207] The charging mechanism analysis module 102 is used to perform an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set. When receiving a pre-built charging control instruction, it determines the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism.

[0208] The power function construction module 103 is used to determine the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference between the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference, and if the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, calculate the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature, and construct a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value, and the current saturation current value;

[0209] The optimal voltage simulation module 104 is used to perform particle swarm simulation on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage, calculate the optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, use the optimal duty cycle to set the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism to obtain the target charging mechanism, use the time when the target charging mechanism is obtained as the starting point and record the time in real time to obtain the charging interval time, and when the charging interval time reaches a preset interval threshold, return to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference, and use the energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

[0210] In detail, each module in the power semiconductor-based charging voltage control system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention adopts the same method as above when in use. Figure 1 The same technical means as the charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors described in , and can produce the same technical effects, will not be repeated here.

[0211] like Figure 3 , which is a structural diagram of an electronic device 1 for implementing a charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0212] The electronic device 1 may include a processor 10 , a memory 11 and a bus 12 , and may further include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10 , such as a power semiconductor-based charging voltage control method program.

[0213] The memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes a flash memory, a mobile hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (for example, an SD or DX memory, etc.), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1, such as a mobile hard disk of the electronic device 1. In other embodiments, the memory 11 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 1, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the electronic device 1. Furthermore, the memory 11 also includes an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1 and an external storage device. The memory 11 can not only be used to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device 1, such as the code of the charging voltage control method program based on power semiconductors, but can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0214] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of an integrated circuit, such as a single packaged integrated circuit, or a plurality of packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and a combination of various control chips. The processor 10 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device, connecting the various components of the entire electronic device using various interfaces and lines. It executes or executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (such as a program for a charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors), and calls data stored in the memory 11 to perform various functions of the electronic device 1 and process data.

[0215] The bus 12 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus 12 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus 12 is configured to enable communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10.

[0216] Figure 3 Only the electronic device with components is shown, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 3The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 1 , and may include fewer or more components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0217] For example, although not shown, the electronic device 1 may further include a power source (such as a battery) for powering the various components. Preferably, the power source may be logically connected to the at least one processor 10 via a power management device, thereby implementing functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management through the power management device. The power source may further include any components such as one or more DC or AC power sources, a recharging device, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, etc. The electronic device 1 may further include various sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0218] Furthermore, the electronic device 1 may also include a network interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is generally used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device 1 and other electronic devices.

[0219] Optionally, the electronic device 1 may further include a user interface, which may be a display or an input unit (such as a keyboard). Optionally, the user interface may also be a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch device. The display may also be appropriately referred to as a display screen or a display unit, which is used to display information processed in the electronic device 1 and to display a visual user interface.

[0220] The power semiconductor-based charging voltage control method program stored in the memory 11 of the electronic device 1 is a combination of multiple instructions. When running in the processor 10, it can achieve the following:

[0221] Identify a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery, and an environmental detector. The photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger;

[0222] Using an environmental detector to perform an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain an environmental test data group;

[0223] When receiving a pre-built charging control instruction, confirming the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism;

[0224] Confirm the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference based on the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, and compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference;

[0225] If the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value are calculated based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature;

[0226] Constructing a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value and the current saturation current value;

[0227] Based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current, a particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function to obtain the optimal charging voltage;

[0228] Calculating an optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and setting the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism using the optimal duty cycle to obtain a target charging mechanism;

[0229] The time of obtaining the target charging mechanism is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the process returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference. The energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

[0230] Specifically, the specific implementation method of the processor 10 for the above instructions can refer to Figures 1 to 3 The description of the relevant steps in the corresponding embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0231] Furthermore, if the modules / units integrated into the electronic device 1 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile. For example, the computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, or a read-only memory (ROM).

[0232] The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the computer program can implement:

[0233] Identify a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery, and an environmental detector. The photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger;

[0234] Using an environmental detector to perform an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain an environmental test data group;

[0235] When receiving a pre-built charging control instruction, confirming the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism;

[0236] Confirm the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference based on the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, and compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference;

[0237] If the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value are calculated based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature;

[0238] Constructing a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value and the current saturation current value;

[0239] Based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current, a particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function to obtain the optimal charging voltage;

[0240] Calculating an optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and setting the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism using the optimal duty cycle to obtain a target charging mechanism;

[0241] The time of obtaining the target charging mechanism is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the process returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference. The energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

[0242] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are only exemplary, and actual implementations may have other division methods.

[0243] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, i.e., may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme according to actual needs.

[0244] In addition, each functional module in various embodiments of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically independently, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0245] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application.

[0246] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors, characterized in that: The method comprises: Identify a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery, and an environmental detector. The photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger; Using an environmental detector to perform an environmental fitting test on the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain an environmental test data group; When receiving a pre-built charging control instruction, confirming the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism; Confirm the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference based on the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, and compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference; If the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value are calculated based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature; Constructing a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value and the current saturation current value; Based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current, a particle swarm simulation is performed on the photovoltaic power function to obtain the optimal charging voltage; Calculating an optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and setting the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism using the optimal duty cycle to obtain a target charging mechanism; The time of obtaining the target charging mechanism is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches the preset interval threshold, the process returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference. The energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

2. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental fitting test of the semiconductor charging mechanism is performed using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set, including: Disconnect and extract the photovoltaic components in the semiconductor charging mechanism to obtain the test photovoltaic components; The temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector are used to obtain the test temperature and test light intensity respectively; Connecting a pre-built voltmeter to the power output terminal of the test PV module to obtain a test voltmeter; Use the test voltmeter to read the test open circuit voltage value of the test photovoltaic module; Connecting a pre-built ammeter to the power output terminal of the test photovoltaic module to obtain a test ammeter; Use the test ammeter to read the test photocurrent value of the test photovoltaic module; Calculate the test saturation current value according to the test temperature, test open circuit voltage value and test photocurrent value; The test temperature, test light intensity, test photocurrent value, test open circuit voltage value and test saturation current value are summarized to obtain an environmental test data group.

3. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining of the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: Use the temperature sensor and light sensor in the environmental detector to obtain the current temperature and current light intensity respectively; Comparing the current light intensity with a preset light intensity threshold; if the current light intensity is less than the light intensity threshold, taking the time of obtaining the current temperature and the current light intensity as the starting point and recording the time in real time to obtain a feedback time; when the feedback time reaches the preset feedback time threshold, returning to the steps of respectively obtaining the current temperature and the current light intensity using the temperature sensor and the light sensor in the environmental detector until the current light intensity is greater than or equal to the light intensity threshold; If the current light intensity is greater than or equal to the light intensity threshold, the current light intensity is used as the operating light intensity, the current temperature is used as the operating temperature, and the voltage conversion charger in the semiconductor charging mechanism is started to obtain the operating charging mechanism.

4. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining of the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery includes: Read the current battery voltage and total battery capacity of the energy storage battery; Calculating a current target voltage based on the current battery voltage and the preset boost voltage, wherein the current target voltage is the sum of the current battery voltage and the boost voltage; The current constant current is calculated based on the total battery capacity and a preset charging rate, wherein the current constant current is the product of the total battery capacity and the charging rate.

5. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation of the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value according to the environmental test data group, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature includes: Calculate the current photocurrent value based on the operating light intensity, operating temperature, test temperature, test light intensity and test photocurrent value in the environmental test data group; Calculate the current open circuit voltage value according to the operating temperature, test temperature and test open circuit voltage value; The current saturation current value is calculated based on the operating temperature, test temperature and test saturation current value.

6. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 5, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power function is as follows: Among them, P(U) is the photovoltaic power function, U is the independent variable of the photovoltaic power function, I Bx is the current saturation current value, I gx is the current photocurrent value, e is the natural constant, q0 is the preset electron charge, K is the preset Boltzmann constant, T x is the operating temperature, and α is the preset ideal factor.

7. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle swarm simulation of the photovoltaic power function based on the current open circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage includes: Calculating the current optimal power according to the current target voltage and the current constant current, wherein the current optimal power is the product of the current target voltage and the current constant current; Determine the position selection range based on the current open circuit voltage value and the voltage threshold; Determine the speed selection range based on the current open circuit voltage value and voltage threshold; Obtaining a particle swarm, wherein the particle swarm includes: a plurality of particles; The following operations are performed on each particle in the particle swarm: The position selection range and the speed selection range are randomly selected to obtain the initial particle position and initial particle speed; The particles are set based on the initial particle positions and initial particle velocities to obtain labeled particles; Summarize the labeled particles to obtain a labeled particle group; The particle swarm is iterated on the marked particle swarm according to the current optimal power to obtain the optimal charging voltage.

8. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of performing particle swarm iteration on the marked particle swarm according to the current optimal power to obtain the optimal charging voltage includes: Identifying a plurality of particle memories, wherein the particle memories correspond one-to-one to the labeled particles in the labeled particle group; The following operations are performed on each labeled particle in the labeled particle group: Taking the initial particle position corresponding to the marked particle as the independent variable of the photovoltaic power function and substituting the independent variable into the photovoltaic power function for calculation to obtain the particle power value; Calculate the particle fitness based on the particle power value and the current optimal power, where the particle fitness is the absolute difference between the particle power value and the current optimal power; Integrate the particle fitness and the initial particle position into a particle data packet, store the particle data packet in a particle memory corresponding to the particle data packet, and obtain an updated memory; Determine an individual optimal data packet based on the update memory, wherein the individual optimal data packet is a particle data packet with the smallest particle fitness among all particle data packets in the update memory; Summarizing the individual optimal data packets and the update memories respectively to obtain multiple individual optimal data packets and multiple update memories, wherein the individual optimal data packets and the update memories all correspond to the marked particles one by one; Confirming a global optimal data packet based on multiple individual optimal data packets, wherein the global optimal data packet is the individual optimal data packet with the smallest particle fitness among the multiple individual optimal data packets; Determine a global optimal position based on the global optimal data packet, wherein the global optimal position is the initial particle position in the global optimal data packet; Determining the number of times the step of performing the following operation on each labeled particle in the labeled particle group is performed; The following operations are performed on each of the multiple individual optimal data packets: Based on the number of executions, the initial particle position in the individual optimal data packet and the global optimal position, the marked particle corresponding to the individual optimal data packet is updated to obtain the updated particle; Summarize the updated particles to obtain the updated particle swarm; Obtaining a global fitness based on the global optimal position and the current optimal power, comparing the global fitness with a preset fitness threshold, and comparing the number of executions with a preset number threshold; If the global fitness is greater than the adaptation threshold and the number of executions is less than the number threshold, the updated particle swarm is used as the marked particle swarm, the multiple update memories are used as multiple particle memories, and the process returns to the step of performing the following operations on each marked particle in the marked particle swarm until the global fitness is less than or equal to the adaptation threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold; If the global fitness is less than or equal to the fitness threshold or the number of executions is greater than or equal to the number threshold, the global optimal position is used as the optimal charging voltage.

9. The charging voltage control method based on power semiconductors according to claim 8, characterized in that: The updating of the marked particles corresponding to the individual optimal data packet based on the number of executions, the initial particle positions in the individual optimal data packet, and the global optimal position to obtain updated particles includes: Randomly extracting a preset initial value range to obtain a first random number; The updated particle velocity is calculated based on the first random number, the number of executions, the initial particle position in the individual optimal data packet, the global optimal position, the initial particle velocity of the marked particle, and the initial particle position of the marked particle. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, v new To update the particle velocity, v0 is the initial particle velocity of the marker particle, N x is the number of executions, X pb and X gb are the initial particle position and the global optimal position in the individual optimal data packet, respectively, X0 is the initial particle position of the marked particle, and ω1 is the first random number; Calculate and update the particle position based on the initial particle position of the marked particle and the updated particle velocity; The marker particle is set based on the update particle position and the update particle velocity to obtain the update particle.

10. A charging voltage control system based on power semiconductors, characterized in that: The system comprises: A charging mechanism confirmation module is used to confirm a semiconductor charging mechanism, wherein the semiconductor charging mechanism includes: a photovoltaic module, a voltage conversion charger, an energy storage battery and an environmental detector, wherein the photovoltaic module includes: a power output terminal, the voltage conversion charger includes: a power semiconductor, the environmental detector includes: a temperature sensor and a light sensor, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage battery through the voltage conversion charger; The charging mechanism analysis module is used to perform environmental fitting tests on the semiconductor charging mechanism using an environmental detector to obtain an environmental test data set. When a pre-built charging control instruction is received, the module determines the operating charging mechanism, operating light intensity, and operating temperature based on the semiconductor charging mechanism. A power function construction module is used to determine the current target voltage and current constant current of the energy storage battery, calculate the voltage difference between the current target voltage and a preset voltage threshold, compare the voltage difference with a preset limit difference, and if the voltage difference is greater than the limit difference, calculate the current photocurrent value, the current open-circuit voltage value, and the current saturation current value based on the environmental test data set, the operating light intensity, and the operating temperature, and construct a photovoltaic power function based on the operating temperature, the current photocurrent value, and the current saturation current value; The optimal voltage simulation module is used to perform particle swarm simulation on the photovoltaic power function based on the current open-circuit voltage value, the current target voltage and the current constant current to obtain the optimal charging voltage, calculate the optimal duty cycle based on the optimal charging voltage and the current target voltage, and use the optimal duty cycle to set the power semiconductor of the voltage conversion charger in the operating charging mechanism to obtain the target charging mechanism. The time when the target charging mechanism is obtained is used as the starting point and the time is recorded in real time to obtain the charging interval time. When the charging interval time reaches a preset interval threshold, the module returns to the step of confirming the current target voltage and the current constant current of the energy storage battery until the voltage difference is less than or equal to the limit difference, and the energy storage battery in the target charging mechanism is used as the target battery to complete the charging voltage control.

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