An ecological synergy-based sea urchin-kelp aquaculture device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an ecological synergy-based sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture device and method, belonging to the field of marine ecological aquaculture. It includes: a main frame, a kelp cultivation area, a sea urchin cultivation area, a material exchange unit, and an environmental monitoring unit. The main frame is divided into an upper kelp cultivation area and a lower sea urchin cultivation area by a horizontal partition. Several rows of seedling ropes are installed at the top of the kelp cultivation area for suspending the cultivated kelp. A porous concrete fish reef is installed at the bottom of the kelp cultivation area. A pebble layer is laid at the bottom of the sea urchin cultivation area for cultivating sea urchins. The material exchange unit includes several connecting channels opened in the middle of the horizontal partition. The environmental monitoring unit includes an integrated sensor group and a data transmission module. This invention can achieve ecological synergy between sea urchins and kelp through "isolation and protection - controlled feeding - nutrient cycling".

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine ecological aquaculture technology, specifically relating to a sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture device and method based on ecological synergy. Background Technology

[0002] Sea urchins and kelp, as key organisms in marine ecosystems, have a natural ecological interaction: kelp fixes carbon and absorbs nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus through photosynthesis, providing sea urchins with high-quality natural feed; sea urchin excrement, after being decomposed by microorganisms, can be converted into nutrients needed for kelp growth, forming a potential "algae-kelp-microorganism" ecological cycle. However, existing aquaculture technologies have many shortcomings, which restrict the realization of ecological synergy benefits.

[0003] In terms of aquaculture equipment, existing facilities are mostly single-function cages or rope frames, lacking targeted ecological synergy structure design. The kelp and sea urchin farming spaces are not scientifically zoned, often resulting in sea urchins overfeeding kelp seedlings; the material exchange channels are poorly designed, making it difficult to balance seawater circulation and biological isolation, thus preventing the full realization of ecological mutual benefits; and there is a lack of integrated environmental monitoring and control devices, making it difficult to adapt to the environmental needs of the two species at different growth stages.

[0004] In terms of aquaculture methods, existing technologies have not achieved deep integration of equipment and methods: the timing of seedling release is poorly matched with the growth cycle, resulting in an imbalance between sea urchin feeding needs and kelp supply rhythms; environmental control relies on experience-based operations, lacking precise intervention based on equipment monitoring data; and disease prevention and control excessively depend on chemical drugs, disrupting the ecological balance and increasing aquaculture risks. These problems lead to low aquaculture efficiency and high costs, hindering the industrialization of sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture.

[0005] Therefore, developing an integrated ecological synergy structure and a device and technology adapted to precise aquaculture methods is of great significance for improving the ecological and economic benefits of sea urchin-kelp aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an ecological synergy-based sea urchin-kelp aquaculture device and method, which solves the problems of existing technologies such as the lack of ecological synergy structure in aquaculture devices, poor compatibility between aquaculture methods and devices, imprecise environmental control, and reliance on chemical drugs for disease prevention and control.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] An ecological aquaculture device based on ecological synergy for sea urchins and kelp includes: a main frame, a kelp farming area, a sea urchin farming area, a material exchange unit, and an environmental monitoring unit;

[0009] The main frame is a rectangular aquaculture frame; the main frame is divided into a kelp aquaculture area at the top and a sea urchin aquaculture area at the bottom by horizontal partitions;

[0010] Several rows of seedling ropes are set at the top of the kelp farming area to suspend the farmed kelp; a porous concrete fish reef is set at the bottom of the kelp farming area, that is, above the horizontal partition.

[0011] The bottom of the sea urchin farming area is covered with a layer of pebbles for cultivating sea urchins;

[0012] The material exchange unit includes several connecting channels opened in the middle of the horizontal partition;

[0013] The environmental monitoring unit is installed on the top of the main frame and includes an integrated sensor group and a data transmission module.

[0014] Furthermore, the main frame is made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel and has the following dimensions: 3-4 meters long, 2-2.5 meters wide, and 1.5-2 meters high.

[0015] High-density polyethylene mesh is provided on the bottom and sides of the main frame, and the mesh length of the high-density polyethylene mesh is 1.5-2cm (±0.2cm).

[0016] Detachable suspension components or floats are installed at the four top corners of the main frame, and weight-adjustable counterweights are installed at the bottom of the main frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the kelp farming area to the sea urchin farming area is (1.5-2):1.

[0018] Furthermore, at the top of the kelp farming area, the spacing between two adjacent rows of seedling ropes is 0.5-0.6 meters, the length of the seedling ropes is 2-2.5 meters, and the diameter is 8-10 mm;

[0019] A perforated guide plate at a 30-45° angle to the direction of water flow is installed between two adjacent rows of seedling ropes.

[0020] Furthermore, the porous concrete fish reef is a porous cube with a side length of 0.3-0.4 meters.

[0021] Furthermore, the number of the connecting channels is 3-4, and the cross-sectional length of each connecting channel is 0.18 to 0.22 m and the width is 0.13 to 0.16 m;

[0022] A filter screen is installed in the connecting channel. The filter screen has two states: open and closed. When the filter screen is closed, it covers the entire connecting channel to restrict sea urchins from entering the kelp farming area. The mesh size of the filter screen is 2-3 cm. When the filter screen is open, it is located at one end of the connecting channel, allowing sea urchins to enter the kelp farming area through the connecting channel.

[0023] Furthermore, a 0.2-0.3 meter thick layer of pebbles is laid at the bottom of the sea urchin farming area, and observation windows are set on the side walls of the sea urchin farming area.

[0024] Furthermore, in the environmental monitoring unit, the integrated sensor group and the data transmission module are connected;

[0025] The integrated sensor group includes a water temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a light intensity sensor;

[0026] The water temperature sensor has a measurement range of 0-30℃; the salinity sensor has a measurement range of 20-35‰; the dissolved oxygen sensor has a measurement range of 0-20mg / L; and the light intensity sensor has a measurement range of 0-20000lux.

[0027] A sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture method based on ecological synergy includes the following steps:

[0028] Step (1): Site selection and equipment deployment for aquaculture: Select a clean nearshore sea area with transparency ≥1.5 meters, water temperature 5-25℃, salinity 25-32‰, and water flow velocity 0.1-0.3 m / s. Arrange the equipment at 5-6 meter intervals and adjust the suspension depth to 1-2 meters through the suspension components.

[0029] Step (2): Coordinated planning of seedling release and growth cycle: Select healthy kelp seedlings of 5-10cm and release them in October-November. Place the seedlings evenly on the seedling ropes in the kelp farming area at a density of 20-30 seedlings / meter.

[0030] Sea urchin seedlings are released 1-2 months after kelp release, selecting seedlings with a shell diameter of 2-3cm, with an initial release density of 8-10 seedlings / ㎡;

[0031] By precisely matching the growth cycle, we ensure that the growth period and fattening period of sea urchins are synchronized with the rapid growth period of kelp, thus achieving a balance between feeding needs and feed supply.

[0032] Step (3): Use the environmental monitoring unit of the device to obtain water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and light intensity in real time, and achieve dynamic regulation through the control terminal:

[0033] Water temperature control: When the water temperature is <5℃, the device is raised to the surface temperature zone of the sea through the suspension component at the top of the main frame. When the water temperature is >25℃, the device is lowered to a low temperature water layer of 1.5-2.5 meters to maintain a suitable growth temperature for kelp and sea urchin.

[0034] Light control: When the light intensity is <3000 lux, keep the device unobstructed; when the light intensity is >8000 lux, install a shade net on top of the device.

[0035] Dissolved oxygen regulation: When dissolved oxygen is <5mg / L, the pre-installed flow guide fan on the side of the device is activated to accelerate seawater exchange. The flow guide fan is part of the environmental monitoring unit and is located on the side of the rectangular aquaculture frame to promote seawater exchange.

[0036] Step (4): Ecological Co-feeding and Daily Management: During the sea urchin adaptation period, the filter screen of the connecting channel is closed to restrict sea urchins from entering the kelp farming area and prevent them from eating kelp seedlings; artificial compound feed is fed weekly;

[0037] When sea urchins enter their growth and fattening periods, the filter screen of the connecting channel is turned on to allow them to enter the kelp farming area to feed on the aging kelp leaves. Fresh kelp is added when the kelp coverage rate is less than 70% by monitoring the kelp coverage rate.

[0038] Step (5): Integrated prevention and control of ecological diseases, including biological regulation, physical control and community optimization;

[0039] The specific biological control involves introducing beneficial microorganisms (EM bacteria) into the device every 2-3 months. The method of introduction is to mix the bacterial solution with an adsorbent (wheat bran or zeolite powder), fill the bag with water-permeable mesh, and suspend it in the lower layer of the sea urchin farming area. The dosage is 5-8 liters per 1000m². 3 Water bodies;

[0040] Physical control: Regularly wash the surface of the main frame with a high-pressure water gun to remove attached organisms;

[0041] Community optimization: In kelp farming areas, Gracilaria should be mixed with 10-20% of the farming area.

[0042] Furthermore, in step (4), artificial compound feed is fed into the pre-set feeding port in the sea urchin farming area; the frequency of supplementing fresh kelp is ≤ once a week, and the frequency of supplementing kelp is controlled to ensure that the sea urchins have sufficient food intake without causing waste.

[0043] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0044] The innovative structure of the sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture device based on ecological synergy provided by this invention has significant synergistic functions: by dividing kelp and sea urchins into separate areas for aquaculture and using a material exchange unit, dynamic synergy between sea urchins and kelp in "isolation and protection - controlled feeding" can be achieved, which can effectively solve the problem of sea urchin overfeeding; the environmental monitoring unit provides data support for precise regulation and control, and the environmental adaptability is significantly improved.

[0045] The method and device provided by this invention are deeply coupled, resulting in a significant improvement in efficiency: the scientific planning of the seedling release sequence and growth cycle enables the sea urchin fattening period to be synchronized with the peak kelp supply period by 90%, reducing feed costs by 30-40%; and the precise control based on device monitoring significantly improves the growth rate of sea urchins.

[0046] Ecological cycle optimization and green environmental protection: Through the closed-loop nutrient system of "kelp-sea urchin-microorganisms", the amount of exogenous fertilizer used can be significantly reduced and the pollution of aquaculture wastewater can be reduced; at the same time, the ecological disease prevention and control system can reduce the use of chemical drugs, and the quality and safety of products are more guaranteed.

[0047] Simple to operate and suitable for large-scale promotion: The device provided by this invention has a stable structure and the method provided by this invention has standardized steps. The daily management intensity is low and multiple devices can be densely arranged to form a large-scale breeding array, which improves the overall economic benefits and has high industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture device based on ecological synergy in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Reference numerals: 1. Main frame, 2. Suspension assembly, 3. Counterweight, 4. Horizontal partition, 5. Kelp farming area, 6. Sea urchin farming area, 7. Seedling rope, 8. Guide plate, 9. Fish reef, 10. Pebble layer, 11. Observation window, 12. Connecting channel, 13. Adjustable filter, 14. Sensor group, 15. Data transmission module. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0051] Conversely, this invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Furthermore, to provide a better understanding of the invention, certain specific details are described in detail below. However, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these detailed descriptions.

[0052] An ecological aquaculture device based on ecological synergy for sea urchins and kelp includes: a main frame, a kelp farming area, a sea urchin farming area, a material exchange unit, and an environmental monitoring unit;

[0053] The main frame is a rectangular aquaculture frame; the main frame is divided into a kelp aquaculture area at the top and a sea urchin aquaculture area at the bottom by horizontal partitions;

[0054] Several rows of seedling ropes are set at the top of the kelp farming area to suspend the farmed kelp; a porous concrete fish reef is set at the bottom of the kelp farming area, that is, above the horizontal partition.

[0055] The bottom of the sea urchin farming area is covered with a layer of pebbles for cultivating sea urchins;

[0056] The material exchange unit includes several connecting channels opened in the middle of the horizontal partition;

[0057] The environmental monitoring unit is installed on the top of the main frame and includes an integrated sensor group and a data transmission module.

[0058] In this invention, the main frame is made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel and has the following dimensions: length 3-4 meters, width 2-2.5 meters, and height 1.5-2 meters.

[0059] High-density polyethylene mesh is installed on the ground and sides of the main frame, with a mesh length of 1.5-2cm (±0.2cm).

[0060] Detachable suspension components or floats are installed at the four top corners of the main frame, and weight-adjustable counterweights are installed at the bottom of the main frame. The detachable suspension components are used to connect to a buoyancy adjustment device to adjust the suspension depth of the aquaculture device; by increasing or decreasing the counterweight, the center of gravity of the device can be stabilized, ensuring the stability of the device in seawater.

[0061] In this invention, the volume ratio of the kelp cultivation area to the sea urchin cultivation area is (1.5-2):1. This volume ratio is set to match the ecological synergy requirements of sea urchins and kelp: kelp is cultivated in a raft-style manner, which is equivalent to hanging, meaning the thallus roots are at the top and the leaves grow downwards, so it requires more space; furthermore, sea urchins have a relatively large demand for seaweed feed, therefore a larger volume of the kelp cultivation area is more appropriate.

[0062] In this invention, at the top of the kelp farming area, the spacing between two adjacent rows of farming seedling ropes is 0.5-0.6 meters, the length of the farming seedling ropes is 2-2.5 meters, and the diameter is 8-10 mm;

[0063] A perforated guide plate at a 30-45° angle to the water flow direction is installed between two adjacent rows of aquaculture seedling ropes. The parameters of the aquaculture seedling rope settings ensure sufficient space for kelp growth.

[0064] The porous guide plate is a PVC guide plate with a pore diameter of 4-6mm; the porous guide plate is used to guide the orderly flow of seawater and improve the absorption efficiency of nutrients by kelp.

[0065] In this invention, the porous concrete fish reef is a porous cube with a side length of 0.3-0.4 meters. The porous concrete fish reef is used to provide a habitat for the enrichment of beneficial microorganisms.

[0066] In this invention, the number of the connecting channels is 3-4, and the cross-sectional length of each connecting channel is 0.18 to 0.22 m and the width is 0.13 to 0.16 m;

[0067] The filter screen has two states: open and closed. When the filter screen is closed, it covers the entire connecting channel to restrict sea urchins from entering the kelp farming area. The mesh size of the filter screen is 2-3 cm. When the filter screen is open, it is located at one end of the connecting channel, allowing sea urchins to enter the kelp farming area through the connecting channel.

[0068] Specifically, the filter is closed during the kelp seedling stage to isolate and protect the kelp, and opened during the kelp growth period to allow sea urchins to selectively feed, achieving dynamic management of "ecological isolation and controllable interaction". The filter's open and closed states ensure the free flow of seawater and small plankton while preventing sea urchins from excessively entering the kelp area to feed, thus balancing the needs of material exchange and biological protection.

[0069] In this invention, a 0.2-0.3 meter thick layer of pebbles is laid at the bottom of the sea urchin farming area, and observation windows are provided on the side walls of the sea urchin farming area.

[0070] Specifically, the pebble layer uses pebbles with a particle size of 5-8cm;

[0071] The pebble layer simulates a natural habitat, providing sea urchins with hiding places and space to move around. The side walls of the sea urchin farming area are equipped with observation windows with transparent acrylic panels, facilitating real-time monitoring of the sea urchins' growth.

[0072] In this invention, the integrated sensor group and the data transmission module are connected in the environmental monitoring unit;

[0073] The integrated sensor group includes a water temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a light intensity sensor;

[0074] The water temperature sensor has a measurement range of 0-30℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃; the salinity sensor has a measurement range of 20-35‰ and an accuracy of ±0.5‰; the dissolved oxygen sensor has a measurement range of 0-20mg / L and an accuracy of ±0.2mg / L; and the light intensity sensor has a measurement range of 0-20000lux and an accuracy of ±5%. The environmental monitoring unit is used to collect key parameters of the aquaculture environment in real time; the data transmission module sends the monitoring data from the environmental monitoring unit to the shore control terminal in real time, providing data support for precise regulation.

[0075] This invention also provides a sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture method based on ecological synergy, using the aforementioned sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture device based on ecological synergy, comprising the following steps:

[0076] Step (1): Site selection and equipment deployment for aquaculture: Select a clean nearshore sea area with transparency ≥1.5 meters, water temperature 5-25℃, salinity 25-32‰, and water flow velocity 0.1-0.3 m / s. Arrange the equipment at 5-6 meter intervals and adjust the suspension depth to 1-2 meters through the suspension components.

[0077] This step ensures that the seaweed farming area is far away from industrial wastewater discharge outlets and domestic sewage pollution sources, and that the seawater quality meets national fishery water quality standards. The aquaculture devices are arranged at 5-6 meter intervals, and the suspension depth is adjusted to 1-2 meters by the top suspension components to ensure that the seaweed farming area receives sufficient sunlight.

[0078] Step (2): Coordinated planning of seedling release and growth cycle: Select healthy kelp seedlings of 5-10cm and release them in October-November. Place the seedlings evenly on the seedling ropes in the kelp farming area at a density of 20-30 seedlings / meter. The kelp growth cycle is 8-10 months, including the seedling stage, rapid growth stage, and maturity stage. The kelp seedling stage is 1-3 months after release, the rapid growth stage is 4-7 months after release, and the maturity stage is 8-10 months after release.

[0079] Sea urchin seedlings should be released 1-2 months after kelp release, at which time the kelp has begun to grow and can provide basic protection; select seedlings with a shell diameter of 2-3cm, and the initial release density is 8-10 seedlings / ㎡; the initial release density should be dynamically adjusted according to the growth of kelp.

[0080] Sea urchins have a growth cycle of 8-11 months, including an adaptation period, a growth period, and a fattening period. The growth and fattening periods of sea urchins are synchronized with the rapid growth and maturity periods of kelp. The adaptation period for sea urchins is 1-3 months after release, the growth period is 4-7 months after release, and the fattening period is 8-11 months after release.

[0081] By precisely matching the growth cycle, we ensure that the growth and fattening period of sea urchins is synchronized with the rapid growth and maturity period of kelp, thus achieving a balance between feeding needs and feed supply.

[0082] Step (3): Use the environmental monitoring unit of the device to obtain water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and light intensity in real time, and achieve dynamic regulation through the control terminal:

[0083] Water temperature control: When the water temperature is <5℃, the device is raised to the surface temperature zone of the sea through the suspension component at the top of the main frame. When the water temperature is >25℃, the device is lowered to a low temperature water layer of 1.5-2.5 meters to maintain a suitable growth temperature for kelp and sea urchin.

[0084] Light control: Kelp seedlings and rapid growth period require sufficient light. When the light intensity is <3000 lux, keep the device unobstructed. When the light intensity is >8000 lux, install a shade net on the top of the device (preferably a shade net with 50% shading rate) to avoid scorching the kelp by strong light.

[0085] Dissolved oxygen regulation: When dissolved oxygen is <5mg / L, the pre-set flow guide fan on the side of the device is turned on to accelerate seawater exchange, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water and maintaining the stability of the ecosystem.

[0086] Step (4): Ecological Co-feeding and Daily Management: During the sea urchin adaptation period, the filter screen of the connecting channel is closed to restrict the sea urchin from entering the kelp farming area and prevent them from eating the kelp seedlings; artificial compound feed is fed weekly (the weight of the artificial compound feed fed weekly is 3-5% of the weight of the sea urchin); the artificial compound feed is fed into the pre-set feeding port in the sea urchin farming area;

[0087] When sea urchins enter their growth and fattening periods, the filter screen of the connecting channel is turned on to allow them to enter the kelp farming area to feed on the aging kelp leaves. The kelp coverage rate is monitored, and fresh kelp is added when the coverage rate is less than 70%. The frequency of adding fresh kelp is ≤ once a week. By controlling the frequency of kelp addition, we can ensure that the sea urchins have enough to eat without causing waste.

[0088] Routine management: Monthly sampling and measurement of sea urchin shell diameter and weight through the observation window to monitor growth status; regular cleaning of uneaten feed, feces and debris in the device to maintain a clean aquaculture environment; cleaning of attached organisms on the seedling ropes every two months to ensure sufficient sunlight for the kelp.

[0089] Step (5): Integrated prevention and control of ecological diseases, including biological regulation, physical control and community optimization;

[0090] The specific biological control involves introducing beneficial microorganisms into the device every 2-3 months. The method of introduction is to mix the bacterial solution with the adsorbent, place the mixture in a permeable mesh bag, and suspend it in the lower layer of the sea urchin farming area. The dosage is 5-8 liters per 1000m². 3Water body; specifically, the beneficial microorganisms are aquatic-specific EM bacteria; the fish reef is used to enrich the microbial community, thereby enhancing water purification and pathogen inhibition capabilities;

[0091] Physical control: Regularly use a high-pressure water gun to wash away attached organisms on the surface of the main frame to reduce the carriers of disease;

[0092] Community optimization: In kelp farming areas, Gracilaria is mixed with 10-20% of the farming area to build a diversified algal community, improve ecosystem stability and disease resistance, and reduce the use of chemical drugs.

[0093] The following are specific examples:

[0094] Example 1: The nearshore waters of Weihai, Shandong Province, were selected as the aquaculture area. The waters in this area have a transparency of 2 meters, a water temperature of 8-22℃ year-round, a salinity of 28-31‰, and a water flow velocity of 0.2 meters / second, which meets the site selection criteria.

[0095] The aquaculture device uses a polyethylene cuboid frame measuring 3.5 meters long, 2.2 meters wide, and 1.8 meters high. Buoyancy balls are connected to the four corners of the top suspension assembly, and a counterweight at the bottom controls the center of gravity. The frame is divided into a kelp aquaculture area (60%) and a sea urchin aquaculture area (40%) by horizontal partitions. The kelp area has 20 rows of nylon seedling ropes (1.1 meters long, 0.5 meters apart), with 45° guide plates between each row, and a 0.35-meter-long concrete reef at the bottom for attracting fish. The sea urchin area is covered with 0.25-meter-thick pebbles, and observation windows are located on the side walls. Four connecting channels are located in the middle of the partitions, with adjustable filters that can be opened or closed; the filter mesh is 2.5 centimeters. An integrated sensor array is installed at the top of the device to transmit environmental data to the control terminal in real time.

[0096] In late October, kelp seedlings (7-8 cm in length) were released, with 25 seedlings clipped to each meter of seedling rope. In late November, sea urchin seedlings (shell diameter 2.5 cm) were released, with an initial density of 9 urchins per square meter.

[0097] During the aquaculture process, data monitoring and control are implemented using equipment: when the water temperature is below 8℃ in winter, the equipment is raised to a depth of 1 meter; when the water temperature is above 25℃ in summer, it is lowered to a depth of 2 meters; and when the light intensity is above 8000 lux, a shade net is installed. During the sea urchin acclimatization period (December to February of the following year), artificial compound feed (4% of body weight) is provided weekly. During the growth period (March to July) and the fattening period (August to October), the filter is adjusted to allow the sea urchins to feed on kelp leaves. Fresh kelp is supplemented when the kelp coverage is below 70%. EM bacteria (6 liters / 1000m³) are introduced every two months. 3 (Water body), every 10 days, use a high-pressure water gun to wash the surface of the frame to remove attached organisms, and in the kelp area, mix and cultivate Gracilaria at 10% of the area.

[0098] After 11 months of cultivation, the sea urchins had an average shell diameter of 6 cm, a weight of over 50 grams, and a survival rate of 92%. The water quality remained stable throughout the cultivation process (dissolved oxygen ≥ 6 mg / L, pH 7.5-8.2), with no large-scale diseases, and the economic benefits were 35% higher than traditional polyculture.

[0099] Example 2: An aquaculture experiment was conducted in the nearshore waters of Dalian, Liaoning Province. The waters in this area had a transparency of 1.8 meters, a water temperature of 6-23℃, and a salinity of 26-32‰. The aquaculture device was a polyethylene frame measuring 3 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 1.6 meters high, with a partition ratio of 3:2. The remaining structure was the same as in Example 1.

[0100] Kelp seedlings (6-9 cm in diameter) were introduced in early October at a density of 30 seedlings per meter of seedling rope; sea urchin seedlings (2-3 cm in shell diameter) were introduced in early November at a density of 10 sea urchins per square meter. Environmental control and disease prevention measures were the same as in Example 1. After 10 months of cultivation, the average weight of the sea urchins was 48 grams, the survival rate was 88%, the water quality compliance rate was 100%, and the economic benefits were significant.

[0101] The above embodiments verify the synergistic effectiveness of the device and method of the present invention, and realize the efficient and green aquaculture of sea urchins and kelp through ecological synergistic design.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological synergy-based sea urchin-kelp ecological aquaculture device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of multi-species integrated mariculture system, including: Main frame, kelp culture area, sea urchin culture area, material exchange unit and environment monitoring unit; The main frame is rectangular cuboid culture frame body;The main frame is separated by horizontal partition and is located in the upper kelp culture area and is located in the lower sea urchin culture area; Several rows of culture seed ropes are arranged on the top of the kelp culture area for hanging kelp;A porous concrete fish collecting reef is arranged at the bottom of the kelp culture area, i.e., the upper part of the horizontal partition; The bottom of the sea urchin culture area is paved with a pebble layer for sea urchin culture; The material exchange unit includes several communication channels opened in the middle of the horizontal partition; The environment monitoring unit is installed on the top of the main frame and includes an integrated sensor group and a data transmission module; The main frame is made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel, with dimensions of 3-4 meters in length, 2-2.5 meters in width, and 1.5-2 meters in height; High-density polyethylene netting is arranged on the bottom and sides of the main frame, with a mesh length of 1.5-2 cm; Detachable hanging assemblies are arranged at the four corners of the top of the main frame, and weight-adjustable counterweights are installed at the bottom of the main frame; The number of communication channels is 3-4, with a cross-sectional length of 0.18-0.22 m and a width of 0.13-0.16 m; A filter screen is installed in the communication channel, which has two states: open and closed. When the filter screen is in the closed state, it covers the entire communication channel to limit the entry of sea urchins into the kelp culture area. The mesh size of the filter screen is 2-3 cm. When the filter screen is in the open state, it is located at one end of the communication channel, allowing sea urchins to enter the kelp culture area through the communication channel.

2. The sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding device based on ecological synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the kelp culture area to the sea urchin culture area is (1.5-2):

1.

3. The sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding device based on ecological synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between adjacent two rows of culture seed ropes on the top of the kelp culture area is 0.5-0.6 meters. The length of the culture seed rope is 2-2.5 meters, and the diameter of the culture seed rope is 8-10 mm. A porous flow guide plate is arranged between adjacent two rows of culture seed ropes at an angle of 30-45° to the water flow direction.

4. The sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding device based on ecological synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous concrete fish collecting reef is a porous cube with a side length of 0.3-0.4 meters.

5. The sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding device based on ecological synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, A 0.2-0.3 meter thick pebble layer is laid at the bottom of the sea urchin culture area, and an observation window is provided on the side wall of the sea urchin culture area.

6. The sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding device based on ecological synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the environment monitoring unit, the integrated sensor group and the data transmission module are connected. The integrated sensor group includes a water temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and an illumination intensity sensor. The measurement range of the water temperature sensor is 0-30℃, the measurement range of the salinity sensor is 20-35‰, the measurement range of the dissolved oxygen sensor is 0-20 mg / L, and the measurement range of the illumination intensity sensor is 0-20000 lux.

7. A sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding method based on ecological synergy, using the sea urchin-kelp ecological breeding device based on ecological synergy according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step (1): Cultivation area site selection and device deployment: Select a clean coastal area with transparency ≥ 1.5 meters, water temperature 5-25℃, salinity 25-32‰, and water flow speed 0.1-0.3 meters / second. Arrange the device with a spacing of 5-6 meters, and adjust the suspension depth to 1-2 meters through the suspension assembly. Step (2): Seedling release and growth cycle coordination planning: Select 5-10 cm healthy kelp seedlings, release them in October-November, and evenly clip the seedlings on the cultivation rope in the kelp cultivation area at a density of 20-30 plants / meter. Release sea urchin seedlings 1-2 months after kelp release. Select 2-3 cm shell diameter seedlings, and release them at an initial density of 8-10 individuals / ㎡. Step (3): Use the device's environmental monitoring unit to obtain real-time water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and light intensity, and achieve dynamic control through the control terminal: Water temperature control: When the water temperature is <5℃, raise the device to the surface water area through the suspension assembly at the top of the main frame. When the water temperature is >25℃, sink the device to the low temperature water layer at 1.5-2.5 meters to maintain the appropriate growth temperature of kelp and sea urchins. Light control: When the light is <3000 lux, keep the device unshielded. When the light is >8000 lux, install a sunshade net on the top of the device. Dissolved oxygen control: When the dissolved oxygen is <5 mg / L, turn on the pre-set flow guide fan on the side of the device to accelerate seawater exchange. Step (4): Ecological coordinated feeding and daily management: During the adaptation period of sea urchins, close the filter screen of the connecting channel to prevent sea urchins from entering the kelp cultivation area and feeding on kelp seedlings. Feed artificial feed every week. When sea urchins enter the growth and fattening period, open the filter screen of the connecting channel to allow sea urchins to enter the kelp cultivation area to feed on aged kelp leaves. Monitor the kelp coverage, and supplement fresh kelp when the kelp coverage is <70%. Step (5): Comprehensive prevention and control of ecological diseases, including biological control, physical control, and community optimization. The biological regulation specifically comprises: putting beneficial microorganisms into the device once every 2-3 months, the putting mode is that the bacteria liquid is mixed with the adsorbent and is loaded into the water-permeable mesh bag, is hung in the middle and lower layers of the sea urchin culture area, and the dosage is 5-8 liters / 1000m 3 water body; Physical control: Regularly use a high-pressure water gun to clean the attached organisms on the surface of the main frame. Community optimization: Mix Gracilaria in the kelp cultivation area at 10-20% of the cultivation area.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, In step (4), feed artificial feed to the pre-set feeding port in the sea urchin cultivation area. The frequency of supplementing fresh kelp is ≤ once a week.

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