Mining area backfilling system and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a mining area backfilling system and a monitoring method thereof.The mining area backfilling system comprises a solar photovoltaic module and a covering layer module, and the covering layer module comprises a coal gangue layer, a waterproof structure layer and a backfilling overburden layer which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode from bottom to top; the solar photovoltaic module comprises a pile foundation unit and a photovoltaic panel unit installed on the pile foundation unit, the photovoltaic panel unit comprises a photovoltaic panel located above the backfill overburden layer, the pile foundation unit is located in the coal gangue layer, the pile foundation unit comprises a cast-in-place concrete pile, and the cast-in-place concrete pile is connected with the backfill overburden layer. And the backfilling of the coal gangue layer and the pouring of the cast-in-place concrete pile are synchronously carried out. The invention aims to provide a mining area backfilling system and a monitoring method thereof in order to solve at least one technical problem related in the background technology.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a mine area backfill system and a monitoring method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some areas rich in coal resources, some mine pits are developed at a fast speed and have a high degree of development, and have entered a mine area backfill stage. In order to protect and construct an ecological environment and realize green energy recycling, a top surface of a backfill soil layer can be used for greening, and a slope surface can utilize light energy to generate electricity by erecting photovoltaic panels, and the electricity can be used to supply an entire backfill greening system and input an electricity network, so that a past old mine pit becomes a green forest assisting carbon neutralization, and sufficient solar energy is converted into green electricity. However, due to reasons such as a large number of pores of coal gangue backfilled in the mine pit and insufficient settlement, an upper structure is prone to uneven settlement and large settlement, and in a serious settlement area, the settlement exceeds one meter within one year. In the prior art, although a design depth of a photovoltaic panel pile is sufficient, in actual construction, a thickness of a filling layer overlying the coal gangue is only about two meters, and a concrete bored pile is difficult to drill into the coal gangue layer, so that an actual depth of the photovoltaic panel pile foundation cannot reach the design depth, applicability of design data cannot be guaranteed, and then stability of the photovoltaic panel on the slope surface cannot be ensured. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one technical problem in the background art, and provides a mine area backfill system and a monitoring method thereof.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: One aspect of the present application provides a mine area backfill system, comprising a solar photovoltaic module and a coating module, the coating module comprising a coal gangue layer, a water-resisting structure layer and a backfill soil layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the solar photovoltaic module comprising a pile foundation unit and a photovoltaic panel unit installed on the pile foundation unit, the photovoltaic panel unit comprising a photovoltaic panel located above the backfill soil layer, the pile foundation unit being located in the coal gangue layer, the pile foundation unit comprising a concrete bored pile, and backfilling of the coal gangue layer being performed synchronously with pouring of the concrete bored pile.

[0005] Optionally, the photovoltaic panel unit further comprises a support assembly and a structural pile assembly, the structural pile assembly, the support assembly and the concrete bored pile are sequentially fixedly connected from top to bottom, the photovoltaic panel is installed at a top end of the structural pile assembly, the structural pile assembly comprises a regular tetrahedron structural pile, the regular tetrahedron structural pile is located in the backfill soil layer, and a hollow structure for water flow is formed on the regular tetrahedron structural pile.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are that in this way, the tetrahedron structure pile is stable and can provide stable support for the photovoltaic panel, and the tetrahedron structure pile has a hollow structure, which can greatly reduce the structural self-weight of the pile, reduce the settlement deformation of the surface backfill soil, and the edges of the tetrahedron can not only bear vertical load through joint action but also individually resist lateral disturbance of the upper photovoltaic panel, while reducing the obstruction of the tetrahedron structure pile to the water flow, thereby reducing the impact of the water flow on the tetrahedron structure pile, and further improving the stability of the support for the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] Optionally, the tetrahedron structure pile comprises a connecting bottom plate and three structure support columns connected with the connecting bottom plate, and the three structure support columns and the connecting bottom plate enclose the hollow structure in the shape of a tetrahedron, and the bottom surface of the connecting bottom plate is a connecting surface connected with the support assembly.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are that in this way, while maintaining the ideal structural strength of the tetrahedron structure pile, a larger hollow structure is formed in the tetrahedron structure pile, thereby reducing the obstruction to the water flow, reducing the impact of the water flow on the tetrahedron structure pile, and improving the stability of the support for the photovoltaic panel.

[0009] Optionally, the connecting surface is arranged along the slope gradient, the structure pile assembly comprises a plurality of tetrahedron structure piles, each tetrahedron structure pile is arranged along the slope gradient direction, each connecting surface has a center line located on the same straight line extending along the slope gradient, and the tip located on the center line of any connecting surface is below the other two tips of the corresponding connecting surface.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are that in this way, the extension direction of the connecting surface is closer to the flow direction of the water flow, further reducing the obstruction of the tetrahedron structure pile to the water flow, and the water flow flowing along the outer edge of the bottom of the tetrahedron structure pile and the water flow from the four directions to the bottom of the tetrahedron structure pile will be concentrated and collected towards the center line under the guidance of the tetrahedron structure pile, thereby facilitating the concentration and collection of the water flow.

[0011] Optionally, the support assembly comprises a plurality of connecting rods, a plurality of vertical support columns, and a plurality of inclined support columns, Each of the two adjacent tetrahedron structure piles is provided with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to one of the two adjacent tetrahedron structure piles, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the other of the two adjacent tetrahedron structure piles, The top end of each vertical support column is fixed to each tetrahedron structure pile one by one, and the bottom end of each vertical support column is fixed to the concrete bored pile, The oblique support column is fixed at the top end of one of the two adjacent vertical support columns and at the bottom end of the other of the two adjacent vertical support columns.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are that the vertical support column can bear the upper load, the oblique support column is used to resist the possible lateral load, the oblique support column and the vertical support column on one side thereof, the connecting rod and the two regular tetrahedron structure piles connected with the connecting rod form a triangular structure, and the oblique support column and the connecting bottom plate of the concrete bored pile on the other side thereof form a triangular structure, which makes the support assembly and the structure pile assembly into a stable whole that supports each other, thereby improving the stability of the photovoltaic panel support.

[0013] Optionally, the mine backfill system provided in the present application comprises a plurality of transverse chords and a plurality of solar photovoltaic modules arranged at the same height, each of the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules is connected by the transverse chord, Each of the vertical support columns of one of the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules is hingedly connected to each of the transverse chords between the two solar photovoltaic modules, and each of the vertical support columns of the other of the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules is hingedly connected to each of the transverse chords between the two solar photovoltaic modules.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are that the vertical support columns of adjacent solar photovoltaic modules are connected by the transverse chords to form a horizontal truss structure, so that the loads are shared between the vertical support columns, the stability of the whole is improved, and the situation that the monitoring module installed on the vertical support column is disconnected from water and electricity due to the damage of a single vertical support column is reduced.

[0015] Optionally, the mine backfill system provided in the present application further comprises a slope top greening module and a plurality of the covering modules, the slope top greening module is located at the top end of the slope, each of the covering modules is arranged along the slope from top to bottom, the slope top greening module is connected with the uppermost covering module, a water intercepting trench is arranged on the outer edge of the top greening module and the bottom end of the backfill soil layer in each of the covering modules, and the water intercepting trench is formed of gravel; the water-resistant structure layer comprises three layers of geotextile and two layers of clay, and the three layers of geotextile and the two layers of clay are staggered and overlapped from top to bottom.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: by building the intercepting ditch to collect the rainfall (surface runoff) that does not completely infiltrate, the collected water is infiltrated into the soil to be self-filtered in the soil layer.

[0017] Optionally, the covering module further comprises an impermeable geotextile, and the impermeable geotextile is located below the regular tetrahedron structure pile, and the bottom surface of the regular tetrahedron structure pile is attached to the impermeable geotextile.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: a layer of impermeable geotextile is laid below the slope and close to the bottom surface of the regular tetrahedron structure pile, to receive the water that is infiltrated from the slope, is drained by the water-resisting structure layer, and is infiltrated after being intercepted by the intercepting ditch, so that the water can continue to infiltrate and filter in the slope soil layer until the slope bottom, and then be uniformly flowed to the main pump station underground that is adapted to the system after being self-filtered in the soil layer.

[0019] Optionally, the mine area backfill system further comprises a water collecting and irrigation module and a power transmission module, the water collecting and irrigation module comprises a main pump station and a plurality of sub-pump stations, the main pump station is located below the slope, each of the covering modules is provided with a sub-pump station, the main pump station and each sub-pump station are connected through a water transmission pipe, the main pump station comprises a pressure reducing pump and a water pump, and a negative pressure water pumping chamber is located below the pressure reducing pump and the water pump, the water-resisting structure layer extends to the negative pressure water pumping chamber, and the water collecting and irrigation module is used for supplying water to the slope top greening area; the power transmission module comprises a power transformation station, and the main pump station, each sub-pump station and each photovoltaic panel are connected to the power transformation station.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the underground water collecting chamber composed of the water permeable membrane and the negative pressure water pumping chamber is built in the main pump station underground, when greening irrigation or photovoltaic panel cleaning is needed, the pressure reducing pump can be remotely started to reduce the pressure of the negative pressure water pumping chamber, the filtered water in the soil during the pressure reducing process will enter the negative pressure water pumping chamber through the water permeable membrane to wait for being pumped by the water pump, when the sensor senses that the water level of the negative pressure water pumping chamber reaches the general water level of the greening or cleaning water, the pressure reducing pump is closed, and the water pump is started to pump water, the pumped water is transported to each sub-pump station through the underground pipe network, and the water is pressurized by each sub-pump station to be transported to each slope and the slope top for photovoltaic panel cleaning and greening irrigation. The water supply system adapted to the greening power generation system can be provided with a plurality of sub-pump stations, the sub-pump stations pressurize the underground naturally filtered water to be transported to the slope top greening module and the cleaning facilities of the photovoltaic panel, so as to realize self-irrigation of the greening and self-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Another aspect of the present application provides a monitoring method of a mine backfill system, which is implemented by the mine backfill system provided by the present application, the mine backfill system further comprises a controller, and a shallow foundation rate monitoring module, a middle pile cap displacement monitoring module and a deep pile foundation displacement monitoring module in communication connection with the controller, The concrete bored pile comprises a main pile and a concrete pile cap fixed to the top end of the main pile, and the support assembly is fixed to the concrete pile cap, The shallow foundation rate monitoring module comprises a shallow magnetostrictive displacement sensor, and the shallow magnetostrictive displacement sensor is installed on the regular tetrahedron structure pile, The middle pile cap displacement monitoring module comprises a plurality of middle magnetostrictive displacement sensors and a plurality of middle grating displacement sensors, and the middle magnetostrictive displacement sensors and the middle grating displacement sensors are arranged at each corner and midpoint of each side of the concrete pile cap, The deep pile foundation displacement monitoring module comprises a plurality of sensor groups, each of the sensor groups comprises a deep magnetostrictive displacement sensor and a deep grating displacement sensor, and a plurality of the sensor groups are installed at the bottom end of the main pile, the middle part of the main pile and the position close to the concrete pile cap of the main pile, and each of the sensor groups is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the main pile; The method comprises: Real-time acquisition of the moving rate data of the regular tetrahedron structure pile, if the moving rate data exceeds 1 m / s, stop supplying power to the photovoltaic panel and stop supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel; Real-time acquisition of the data of each middle magnetostrictive displacement sensor and the data of each middle grating displacement sensor, if the data of any one of the middle magnetostrictive displacement sensors or the data of any one of the middle grating displacement sensors is greater than 1 m, stop supplying power to the photovoltaic panel and stop supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel; Real-time acquisition of the data of each deep magnetostrictive displacement sensor and the data of each deep grating displacement sensor, if the data of any one of the deep magnetostrictive displacement sensors or the data of any one of the deep grating displacement sensors is greater than 1 m, stop supplying power to the photovoltaic panel and stop supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] The technical scheme provided by the present application can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: The mine area backfill system and the monitoring method thereof provided by the application, through the solar photovoltaic panel collection, the solar energy is converted into the available electric energy, the pile foundation unit is arranged in the coal gangue layer, and the backfill of the coal gangue layer is performed in a synchronous manner with the pouring of the concrete bored pile, instead of drilling the concrete bored pile on the coal gangue layer, so that the production difficulty of the concrete bored pile is reduced, the actual depth of the concrete bored pile can reach the design depth, and the stability of the photovoltaic panel installed on the pile foundation unit is improved. Meanwhile, in the prior art, under the complex hydrogeological conditions, especially under the long-term precipitation, water easily makes the soil of the backfill covering layer wet and loose, the pore water content of the coal gangue layer is increased, the dislocation sliding between the block particles is prone to occur, and the surface runoff may cause the side slope sliding instability. Under the combined action of the soil settlement and the side slope sliding, the photovoltaic panel on the side slope is easily damaged, and even the whole system is out of function. In the embodiment of the application, the pile foundation unit is arranged in the coal gangue layer, so that the stability of the photovoltaic panel is improved, the photovoltaic panel is not prone to move under the combined action of the soil settlement and the side slope sliding, the risk of photovoltaic panel damage is reduced, and the water-resisting structure layer above the coal gangue layer can prevent the precipitation from entering the coal gangue layer, so that the coal gangue layer is not prone to the dislocation sliding between the block particles due to the increase of the pore water content, the stability of the photovoltaic panel is further improved, and the probability of photovoltaic panel damage is reduced. Moreover, since the pile foundation unit is deeply arranged in the coal gangue layer, the side slope has good stability, can well adapt to the complex hydrogeological conditions, and the whole system has good long-term reliability.

[0023] The additional technical features and advantages of the application will be more apparent in the following description or can be understood by the specific implementation of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the specific embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0025] Figure 1 Part structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the mine area backfill system provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the regular tetrahedron structure pile provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 3 Part main view structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the mine area backfill system provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 4Part of the main view structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the mine backfill system provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Part of the plan view structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the mine backfill system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Reference signs: 01, photovoltaic panel; 02, transformer substation; 03, backfill cover layer; 04, coal gangue layer; 05, regular tetrahedron structure pile; 06, vertical support column; 07, inclined support column; 08, concrete pile cap; 09, main pile; 10, water interception ditch; 11, water-resisting structure layer; 13, sub-pump station; 14, coarse sand layer; 15, fine sand layer; 16, water permeable membrane; 17, water pumping pump; 18, main pump station; 19, pressure reducing pump; 20, water level sensor; 21, negative pressure water suction chamber; 22, slope top greening module; 23, water pump power transmission line; 24, water transmission pipeline; 25, photovoltaic panel power transmission line; 26, power grid power transmission line; 27, structural support column; 28, connecting bottom plate; 29, connecting rod; 30, power transmission line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 An aspect of the present application provides a mine backfill system, comprising a solar photovoltaic module and a coating module, the coating module comprising a coal gangue layer 04, a water-resistant structure layer 11 and a backfill soil layer 03 arranged in order from bottom to top, The solar photovoltaic module comprises a pile foundation unit and a photovoltaic panel unit mounted on the pile foundation unit, The photovoltaic panel unit comprises a photovoltaic panel 01 located above the backfill soil layer 03, The pile foundation unit is located in the coal gangue layer 04, the pile foundation unit comprises a concrete bored pile, and the backfill of the coal gangue layer 04 is synchronized with the pouring of the concrete bored pile.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the pile foundation unit is located in the coal gangue layer 04, which means that the top end of the pile foundation unit is also located in the coal gangue layer 04; the coal gangue layer 04 is formed by backfilling coal gangue, and the backfilling of the coal gangue layer 04 refers to the process of gradually filling coal gangue into the mine pit and finally forming the coal gangue layer 04.

[0032] The mine backfill system provided by the application is constructed by collecting solar energy into usable electric energy through solar photovoltaic panels 01, setting pile foundation units in the coal gangue layer 04, and using the backfill of the coal gangue layer 04 to be synchronous with the pouring of the concrete bored pile, instead of drilling a concrete bored pile on the coal gangue layer 04, thereby reducing the production difficulty of the concrete bored pile, enabling the actual depth of the concrete bored pile to reach the design depth, and further improving the stability of the photovoltaic panels 01 installed on the pile foundation units. Meanwhile, in the prior art, under complex hydrogeological conditions, especially under long-term precipitation, water easily makes the soil of the backfill overburden layer 03 wet and loose, the pore water content of the coal gangue layer 04 increases, and the misplacement sliding between the blocks is prone to occur. In addition, the surface runoff may cause the slope to slide and lose stability. Under the combined action of soil settlement and slope sliding, the photovoltaic panels 01 on the slope are prone to be damaged, and even the entire system fails. In the embodiment of the application, the pile foundation units are located in the coal gangue layer 04, which can improve the stability of the photovoltaic panels 01, prevent the photovoltaic panels 01 from moving under the combined action of soil settlement and slope sliding, reduce the risk of damage of the photovoltaic panels 01, and further improve the stability of the photovoltaic panels 01 and reduce the probability of damage of the photovoltaic panels 01. Moreover, since the pile foundation units are deeply located in the coal gangue layer 04, the slope has good stability and can better adapt to complex hydrogeological conditions, so that the entire system has good long-term reliability.

[0033] In the embodiment of the application, preferably, the concrete bored pile comprises a main pile 09 and a concrete cap 08 fixed to the top end of the main pile 09, the backfill of the coal gangue layer 04 is synchronous with the pouring of the concrete bored pile, which comprises excavating a 1-meter-deep main pile 09 foundation pit at the bottom of the mine and setting a safety fence around the foundation pit, and a plurality of cycles (generally 20 to 30 cycles), each cycle comprising three stages. In the first stage, the main pile 09 is poured in the formwork while the coal gangue is backfilled outside the fence, and the backfilling and pouring are stopped after the backfilling height and the pouring height of the main pile 09 are increased by 2 to 3 meters synchronously. In the second stage, the formwork is removed in time after the concrete reaches the required removable time (generally 3 days), and the coal gangue is preliminarily compacted. In the third stage, the safety fence height is increased to prepare for the next operation cycle. In this way, the top of the coal gangue backfill layer is always 1 to 1.5 meters higher than the top end of the main pile 09. The coal gangue backfill layer is stopped at a position 1 to 1.5 meters away from the design height of the bottom surface of the concrete cap 08, and the pouring of the main pile 09 continues until the design height of the bottom surface of the concrete cap 08 is reached.

[0034] Optionally, the photovoltaic panel unit further comprises a support assembly and a structural pile assembly, the structural pile assembly, the support assembly and the concrete pile are sequentially fixedly connected from top to bottom, the photovoltaic panel 01 is installed at the top end of the structural pile assembly, the structural pile assembly comprises a regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 is located in the backfill layer 03, and the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 is formed with a hollow structure for water flow. In this way, the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 is stable in structure and can provide stable support for the photovoltaic panel 01, and the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 has a hollow structure, which can greatly reduce the structural self-weight of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, reduce the settlement deformation of the surface backfill soil, on the other hand, the edges of the regular tetrahedron not only can bear vertical load through joint action, but also can individually act to offset the lateral disturbance of the upper photovoltaic panel 01, at the same time, reduce the obstruction of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 to the water flow, thereby reducing the impact of the water flow on the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, and further improving the stability of the support for the photovoltaic panel 01.

[0035] Optionally, the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 comprises a connecting bottom plate 28 and three structural support columns 27 connected with the connecting bottom plate 28, and the three structural support columns 27 and the connecting bottom plate 28 enclose the hollow structure in the shape of a regular tetrahedron, and the bottom surface of the connecting bottom plate 28 is a connecting surface connected with the support assembly. In this way, while maintaining the ideal structural strength of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, a larger hollow structure is formed in the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, thereby reducing the obstruction to the water flow, reducing the impact of the water flow on the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, and improving the stability of the support for the photovoltaic panel 01. Preferably, the connecting bottom plate 28 is a triangular plate, the bottom ends of the three structural support columns 27 are fixedly connected with the three vertices of the triangular plate one by one, and the top ends of the three structural support columns 27 are connected with each other.

[0036] Optionally, the connecting surface is arranged to be inclined along the slope gradient, the structural pile assembly comprises a plurality of the regular tetrahedron structural piles 05, each of the regular tetrahedron structural piles 05 is arranged along the slope gradient, each of the connecting surfaces has a middle line located on a straight line extending along the slope gradient, and the tip of the connecting surface located on the middle line is below the other two tips of the corresponding connecting surface. In this way, the extension direction of the connecting surface is closer to the flow direction of the water flow, further reducing the obstruction of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 to the water flow, and the water flow flowing along the outer edge of the bottom of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 and the water flow from the surrounding two directions to the bottom of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05 will be concentrated and collected to the middle line under the guidance of the regular tetrahedron structural pile 05, thereby facilitating the concentration and collection of the water flow. It can be understood that the inclination of the connecting surface is relative to the horizontal plane. In the embodiment of the application, the structural pile assembly comprises at least 3 to 6 regular tetrahedron structural piles 05, for example, the structural pile assembly comprises 3, 4 or 5 regular tetrahedron structural piles 05, and the structural pile assembly preferably comprises 3 regular tetrahedron structural piles 05.

[0037] Optionally, the support assembly comprises a plurality of connecting rods 29, a plurality of vertical support columns 06 and a plurality of inclined support columns 07, Each of the adjacent two regular tetrahedron structural piles 05 is provided with the connecting rod 29, one end of the connecting rod 29 is fixed to one of the adjacent two regular tetrahedron structural piles 05, and the other end of the connecting rod 29 is fixed to the other of the adjacent two regular tetrahedron structural piles 05, The top end of each of the vertical support columns 06 is fixed to each of the regular tetrahedron structural piles 05, and the bottom end of each of the vertical support columns 06 is fixed to the concrete bored pile, Each of the adjacent two vertical support columns 06 is provided with the inclined support column 07, the top end of the inclined support column 07 is fixed to the top end of one of the adjacent two vertical support columns 06, and the bottom end of the inclined support column 07 is fixed to the bottom end of the other of the adjacent two vertical support columns 06.

[0038] In this way, the vertical support column 06 can bear the upper load, the oblique support column 07 is used to resist the possible transverse load, and the oblique support column 07 and the vertical support column 06 on one side thereof, the connecting rod 29 and the two regular tetrahedron structure piles 05 connected with the connecting rod 29 form a triangular structure, and the oblique support column 07 and the vertical support column 06 on the other side thereof and the connecting bottom plate 28 of the concrete bored pile form a triangular structure, which makes the support assembly and the structure pile assembly into a stable whole that supports each other, thereby improving the stability of supporting the photovoltaic panel 01. In the embodiment of the application, the top end of the oblique support column 07 is connected with the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05 located below among the two adjacent regular tetrahedron structure piles 05. In the embodiment of the application, the connecting rod 29 is a glass fiber anchor rod. It can be understood that the connection between the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05 and the connecting rod 29, the connection between the vertical support column 06 and the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05, the connection between the vertical support column 06 and the concrete bored pile, and the connection between the vertical support column 06 and the vertical support column 06 are all rigid connections.

[0039] Optionally, the mine area backfill system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a plurality of horizontal chord rods and a plurality of solar photovoltaic modules arranged at the same height, each of the horizontal chord rods is connected between each of two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules, Each of the vertical support columns 06 of one of the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules is hingedly connected to each of the horizontal chord rods between the two solar photovoltaic modules, and each of the vertical support columns 06 of the other of the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules is hingedly connected to each of the horizontal chord rods between the two solar photovoltaic modules. In this way, each of the vertical support columns 06 of the adjacent solar photovoltaic modules is connected through each of the horizontal chord rods to form a horizontal truss structure, so that each of the vertical support columns 06 shares the load with each other, improves the stability of the whole, and reduces the situation that the monitoring module installed on the vertical support column 06 is cut off from water and electricity due to the damage of a single vertical support column 06.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the concrete pile includes a main pile 09 and a concrete cap 08 fixed to the top end of the main pile 09, the support assembly is fixed to the concrete cap 08, and the photovoltaic panel unit is fixed to the top end of the concrete cap 08. In the embodiment of the present application, the concrete pile adopts a reinforced concrete main pile 09. In order to resist the uneven load caused by the uneven settlement and large settlement of the coal gangue filled in the pit, the reinforced cage needs to be designed during the production of the concrete pile, so that it has sufficient bearing capacity in all directions. Different friction piles or end-bearing piles can be designed according to the actual conditions of the soil at the bottom of the pit, so that the concrete pile has a larger bearing capacity. The concrete cap 08 is placed at a relatively shallow position of the coal gangue layer 04, and the concrete cap 08 and the concrete pile are integrally poured by internal reinforcement. The connection between the concrete cap 08 and the concrete pile can be designed as a multi-stage ring supporting (collar), which is used to enhance the connection between the concrete cap 08 and the concrete pile, and to enhance the shape of the concrete cap 08, which is a rectangle. The concrete cap 08 is connected to the concrete pile at an angle through four concrete support columns at the four corners of the bottom, forming four triangular stable structures in two planes, which play a role in supporting the four corners of the concrete cap 08 and resisting possible stress concentration. Since the upper part of the concrete cap 08 needs to bear the non-uniform force conducted downward by the triangular concrete support structure, the concrete cap 08 needs to be reinforced. The concrete cap 08 is connected to the support assembly by pouring, and the connection of the support assembly is at the junction of the coal gangue layer 04 and the backfill soil layer 03. The properties of the rock-soil types are different, and the triangular concrete support structure formed by the support assembly is similar to a steel truss structure, which needs to bear the possible tensile stress and shear stress, so it needs to be reinforced. The mine backfill system preferably includes nine vertical support columns 06, each of which is connected to a regular tetrahedral structure pile 05. The connection point is the centroid of the triangular connection surface. The regular tetrahedral structure pile 05 has only one edge extending vertically, and only the six edges and the connecting bottom plate 28 of the regular tetrahedral structure pile 05 are poured with concrete, which can ensure the stability of the structure and not hinder the filtration of water in the soil layer along the slope direction. The four corners of the regular tetrahedral structure pile 05, the connecting bottom plate 28 and / or the six edges all need to be reinforced.

[0041] Optionally, the mine area backfill system provided by the embodiment of the present application further comprises a slope top greening module 22 and a plurality of the covering layer modules, the slope top greening module 22 is located at the top end of the slope, each of the covering layer modules is arranged along the slope from top to bottom, the slope top greening module 22 is connected with the uppermost covering layer module, a water intercepting ditch 10 is arranged on the outer edge of the top greening module and the bottom end of the backfill covering layer 03 in each of the covering layer modules, the water intercepting ditch 10 is formed by gravel; the water-proof structure layer 11 comprises three layers of geotextile and two layers of clay, the three layers of geotextile and the two layers of clay are staggered and overlapped from top to bottom. By building the water intercepting ditch 10, the precipitation (surface runoff) that is not completely infiltrated is collected, and after convergence, it is infiltrated into the soil for self-filtration in the soil layer. In the embodiment of the present application, the self-purification of soil refers to the process that under the natural conditions without human intervention, the pollutants in water are adsorbed, decomposed, migrated and transformed in the soil environment, and the concentration and toxicity of the pollutants decrease or even disappear. In the embodiment of the present application, the self-purification of water between soil layers is mainly physical purification, which uses the characteristics of loose and porous soil of the mine area backfill soil layer to adsorb, volatilize and dilute the pollutants in water, thereby improving the quality of recycled water. The water-proof structure layer 11 of the “3+2 sandwich structure” of “geotextile+clay” is laid in the form of “high in the middle and low around” with a depth of about 1.5 meters at the top of the slope, the geotextile has a reinforcing effect on the water-proof structure, the water absorption and swelling properties of the geotextile have a certain repairing effect on the entire water-proof layer, the non-rigid water-proof structure of the two layers of clay sandwiched between the three layers of geotextile can prevent water from infiltrating into the coal gangue layer 04, and can also avoid cracks caused by uneven settlement to lose the water-proof function. A plurality of covering layer modules are formed in the backfill covering layer 03, and the covering layer module comprises a coarse sand layer 14 and a fine sand layer 15 arranged from top to bottom.

[0042] Optionally, the covering layer module further comprises an anti-seepage geotextile, the anti-seepage geotextile is located below the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05, and the bottom surface of the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05 is attached to the anti-seepage geotextile. A layer of anti-seepage geotextile is laid below the slope and closely below the bottom surface of the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05, which receives water infiltrated from the slope, the water-proof structure layer 11 and the water intercepting ditches 10 around the top of the slope, so that the water can continue to infiltrate and filter in the soil layer of the slope until the bottom of the slope, and then flows to the main pump station 18 underground which is adapted to the system after self-filtration in the soil layer.

[0043] Optionally, the mine backfill system provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a water collecting and irrigating module and a power transmission module. The water collecting and irrigating module comprises a main pump station 18 and a plurality of sub-pump stations 13. The main pump station 18 is located below the slope. The sub-pump stations 13 are arranged on the covering modules. The main pump station 18 is connected with each sub-pump station 13 through a water delivery pipe. The main pump station 18 comprises a pressure reducing pump and a water pump, and a negative pressure water pumping chamber located below the pressure reducing pump 19 and the water pump 17. The water resisting structure layer 11 extends to the negative pressure water pumping chamber 21. The water collecting and irrigating module is used for supplying water for the slope top greening area. The power transmission module comprises a power transformation station 02. The main pump station 18, each sub-pump station 13 and each photovoltaic panel 01 are connected with the power transformation station 02. The main pump station 18 is connected with the power transformation station 02 through a water pump power transmission line 23. The main pump station 18 is connected with the power grid through a power grid power transmission line 26. Each photovoltaic panel 01 is connected with the main pump station 18 through a photovoltaic panel power transmission line 25. The underground water collecting chamber composed of the water permeable membrane 16 and the negative pressure water pumping chamber 21 is constructed underground in the main pump station 18. When greening irrigation or photovoltaic panel 01 cleaning is needed, the pressure reducing pump 19 can be remotely started to reduce the pressure of the negative pressure water pumping chamber 21. During the pressure reducing process, the filtered water in the soil by using the water head difference can enter the negative pressure water pumping chamber 21 through the water permeable membrane 16 to wait for being pumped by the water pump. When the water level sensor 20 senses that the water level of the negative pressure water pumping chamber 21 reaches the general water level of the greening or cleaning water, the pressure reducing pump 19 is closed, and the water pump 17 is started to pump water. The pumped water is delivered to each sub-pump station 13 through the underground pipe network, and is delivered to each slope and the slope top for photovoltaic panel 01 cleaning and greening irrigation by each sub-pump station 13 through pressurization. The water supply system matched with the greening power generation system can be provided with a plurality of sub-pump stations 13. The sub-pump stations 13 deliver the underground naturally filtered water to the slope top greening module 22 and the cleaning facilities of the photovoltaic panel 01 through pressurization, so as to realize self-irrigation of greening and self-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 01. The main pump station 18 delivers water to each sub-pump station 13 through the water delivery pipe 24. Each photovoltaic panel 01 delivers power to each sub-pump station 13 and the main pump station 18 through the power transmission line 30.

[0044] Another aspect of the embodiment of the application provides a monitoring method of a mine backfill system. The monitoring method is implemented by using the mine backfill system provided by the embodiment of the application. The mine backfill system further comprises a controller, a shallow foundation rate monitoring module, a middle layer pile cap displacement monitoring module and a deep layer pile foundation displacement monitoring module which are in communication connection with the controller, The concrete bored pile comprises a main pile 09 and a concrete pile cap 08 fixed to the top end of the main pile 09. The support assembly is fixed to the concrete pile cap 08, The shallow layer foundation rate monitoring module comprises a shallow layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor. The shallow layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor is installed on the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05. The middle layer cap displacement monitoring module comprises a plurality of middle layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors and a plurality of middle layer grating displacement sensors, and the middle layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors and the middle layer grating displacement sensors are arranged at each corner and midpoint of each side of the concrete cap 08, The deep layer pile foundation displacement monitoring module comprises a plurality of sensor groups, the sensor groups comprise deep layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors and deep layer grating displacement sensors, a plurality of the plurality of sensor groups are arranged at the bottom end of the main pile 09, the middle of the main pile 09 and the position close to the concrete cap 08 of the main pile 09, and the sensor groups are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the main pile 09; The method comprises: Real-time acquisition of the moving speed data of the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05, if the moving speed data exceeds 1 m / s, stop supplying power to the photovoltaic panel 01, and stop supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel 01; Real-time acquisition of the data of each middle layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor and the data of each middle layer grating displacement sensor, if the data of any middle layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor or the data of any middle layer grating displacement sensor is greater than 1 m, stop supplying power to the photovoltaic panel 01, and stop supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel 01; Real-time acquisition of the data of each deep layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor and the data of each deep layer grating displacement sensor, if the data of any deep layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor or the data of any deep layer grating displacement sensor is greater than 1 m, stop supplying power to the photovoltaic panel 01, and stop supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel 01.

[0045] The magnetostrictive displacement sensor can acquire the moving speed data of the monitoring part in real time (the displacement data can also be obtained by integrating the moving speed over time), and the grating displacement sensor can acquire the displacement between the monitoring part and the designed position in real time.

[0046] The shallow layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor of the shallow layer foundation monitoring module is arranged on the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05, and the moving speed data of the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05 is acquired in real time, when the moving speed exceeds 1 m / s, the monitoring system can automatically disconnect the water supply and power supply switch of the photovoltaic panel 01 corresponding to the regular tetrahedron structure pile 05 and alarm, and subsequent maintenance is required to continue normal use.

[0047] The middle layer magnetostrictive displacement sensor and the middle layer grating displacement sensor of the middle layer cap rate displacement monitoring module are arranged in pairs at the four corners and the midpoints of the four sides of the rectangular cap, a total of 8 groups, and the moving speed and displacement data of the cap in each direction are acquired in real time.

[0048] The deep pile foundation rate displacement monitoring module sets two pairs of deep magnetostrictive displacement sensors and deep grating displacement sensors in eight directions (a "meter" shape) at the bottom of the main pile 09, half the height of the pile, and the connection near the pile top of the pile cap, a total of 24 groups, to monitor the movement rate and displacement data of the deep pile foundation.

[0049] The monitoring data of the middle layer pile cap rate displacement monitoring module and the deep pile foundation rate displacement monitoring module can generate a three-dimensional real-time state model of the pile foundation. When the state model reaches the maximum allowable value of deformation or the design value of stability, the system can automatically disconnect the corresponding photovoltaic panel 01 water supply and power supply switch of the main pile 09 and the pile cap, and alarm, and subsequent maintenance is required to continue normal use.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. Mine backfill system, characterized by: It includes a solar photovoltaic module and a covering module, wherein the covering module includes a gangue layer, a water-proof structure layer and a backfill covering layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The solar photovoltaic module includes a pile foundation unit and a photovoltaic panel unit installed on the pile foundation unit. The photovoltaic panel unit includes a photovoltaic panel located above the backfill covering layer, The pile foundation unit is located in the coal gangue layer and includes a concrete cast-in-place pile. The backfilling of the coal gangue layer and the pouring of the concrete cast-in-place pile are carried out simultaneously.

2. The mine backfill system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel unit also includes a support assembly and a structural pile assembly. The structural pile assembly, the support assembly and the concrete pile are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom. The photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the structural pile assembly. The structural pile assembly includes a regular tetrahedron structural pile. The regular tetrahedron structural pile is located in the backfill covering layer. A hollow structure for water to flow through is formed on the regular tetrahedron structural pile.

3. The mine backfill system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regular tetrahedron structural pile includes a connecting base plate and three structural support columns connected to the connecting base plate, and the three structural support columns and the connecting base plate form the hollow structure in the shape of a regular tetrahedron, and the bottom surface of the connecting base plate is the connecting surface connected to the support assembly.

4. The mine backfill system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting surface is used to be inclined along the slope. The structural pile assembly includes a plurality of regular tetrahedral structural piles, each of which is arranged along the slope direction. Each connecting surface has a center line located on the same straight line extending along the slope, and the tip of any connecting surface located on the center line is below the other two tips of the corresponding connecting surface.

5. The mine backfill system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a plurality of connecting rods, a plurality of vertical support columns and a plurality of oblique support columns. The connecting rod is provided between each two adjacent tetrahedral structure piles, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to one of the two adjacent tetrahedral structure piles, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the other of the two adjacent tetrahedral structure piles. The top end of each vertical support column is fixed to each of the regular tetrahedron structure piles in a one-to-one correspondence, and the bottom end of each vertical support column is fixed to the concrete cast-in-place pile. The oblique support column is arranged between each two adjacent vertical support columns, the top end of the oblique support column is fixed to the top end of one of the two adjacent vertical support columns, and the bottom end of the oblique support column is fixed to the bottom end of the other of the two adjacent vertical support columns.

6. The mine backfill system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of transverse chords and a plurality of solar photovoltaic modules arranged at the same height, wherein each adjacent two solar photovoltaic modules are connected by the transverse chords. The vertical support columns of one of the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules are hinged one-to-one to the transverse chords located between the two solar photovoltaic modules, and the vertical support columns of the other solar photovoltaic module are hinged one-to-one to the transverse chords located between the two adjacent solar photovoltaic modules.

7. The mine backfill system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a slope top greening module and multiple covering modules, the slope top greening module is located at the top of the slope, the covering modules are arranged along the slope from top to bottom, the slope top greening module is connected to the covering module located at the top, and the outer edge of the top greening module and the bottom end of the backfill covering layer in each covering module are provided with a water intercepting channel, and the water intercepting channel is formed by crushed stone; the water-proof structure layer includes three layers of geotextile and two layers of clay, and the three layers of geotextile and the two layers of clay are staggered and overlapped from top to bottom.

8. The mine backfill system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The covering module further includes an anti-seepage geotextile, which is located below the tetrahedral structural pile, and the bottom surface of the tetrahedral structural pile is in contact with the anti-seepage geotextile.

9. The mine backfill system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a water collection and irrigation module and a power transmission module. The water collection and irrigation module includes a main pump station and multiple branch pump stations. The main pump station is located below the slope. The branch pump station is set in each of the cladding modules. The main pump station is connected to each branch pump station through a water pipe. The main pump station includes a pressure reducing pump and a water pump, as well as a negative pressure water drawing chamber located below the pressure reducing pump and the water pump. The waterproof structure layer extends to the negative pressure water drawing chamber. The water collection and irrigation module is used to supply water to the green area on the top of the slope; the power transmission module includes a substation. The main pump station, each branch pump station and each photovoltaic panel are all connected to the substation.

10. A method for monitoring a mine backfill system, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the mine backfill system according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the mine backfill system further comprises a controller, and a shallow foundation rate monitoring module, a middle cap displacement monitoring module, and a deep pile foundation displacement monitoring module communicatively connected to the controller. The concrete cast-in-place pile includes a main pile and a concrete cap fixed to the top of the main pile, and the support assembly is fixed to the concrete cap. The shallow foundation rate monitoring module includes a shallow magnetostrictive displacement sensor, which is installed on the regular tetrahedron structure pile. The middle-layer cap displacement monitoring module includes a plurality of middle-layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors and a plurality of middle-layer grating displacement sensors. The middle-layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors and the middle-layer grating displacement sensors are respectively provided at each corner and the midpoint of each side of the concrete cap. The deep pile foundation displacement monitoring module includes multiple sensor groups, including deep magnetostrictive displacement sensors and deep grating displacement sensors. Multiple sensor groups are installed at the bottom end of the main pile, the middle of the main pile, and the position of the main pile close to the concrete cap, and the sensor groups are evenly distributed around the circumference of the main pile. The method comprises: Real-time acquisition of movement speed data of the tetrahedron structure pile. If the movement speed data exceeds 1 m / s, power supply to the photovoltaic panel and supply of cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel are stopped. acquiring data from each of the middle-layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors and data from each of the middle-layer grating displacement sensors in real time, and if the data from any of the middle-layer magnetostrictive displacement sensors or any of the middle-layer grating displacement sensors exceeds 1 m, stopping power supply to the photovoltaic panel and stopping supplying cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel; The data of each deep magnetostrictive displacement sensor and the data of each deep grating displacement sensor are acquired in real time. If the data of any deep magnetostrictive displacement sensor or any deep grating displacement sensor is greater than 1 m, the power supply to the photovoltaic panel and the supply of cleaning water to the photovoltaic panel are stopped.

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