Tunnel rock mass structure scanning system and working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system and a working method thereof. The tunnel rock mass structure scanning system comprises a rock mass scanning device, wherein the rock mass scanning device comprises a scanner, a horizontal adjusting device, a vertical adjusting device, a vertical angle adjusting structure and a hydraulic support. The fixed part of the hydraulic support is fixedly installed on the ground of a tunnel. The movable end of the hydraulic support is connected to the bottom of the vertical adjusting device. The vertical driving end of the vertical adjusting device is connected to the bottom of the horizontal adjusting device. The vertical angle adjusting structure is rotatably installed on the horizontal driving end of the horizontal adjusting device. The scanner is installed on the vertical angle adjusting structure and can rotate in the vertical direction through the vertical angle adjusting structure. In the scanning process, the hydraulic support can calibrate the levelness of the scanner. The horizontal adjusting device and the vertical adjusting device can jointly adjust the scanner to move to each preset detection point in sequence. The vertical angle adjusting structure can make the scanner rotate in the vertical direction on each detection point to comprehensively scan the measured rock mass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering inspection technology, and more specifically to a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, accurately obtaining information about the tunnel's rock mass structure is crucial for construction safety and project quality. Currently, commonly used rock mass structure detection methods have many shortcomings. Traditional manual detection methods are inefficient, highly subjective, and difficult to achieve comprehensive and accurate detection. While some automated detection equipment can complete certain detection tasks, they have deficiencies in detection accuracy and environmental adaptability. They cannot adjust their own parameters in real time and accurately according to the complex and changing environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and magnetic fields within the tunnel. Furthermore, they cannot flexibly perform comprehensive scanning of the rock mass at different locations, leading to significant errors in the detection results and failing to provide reliable design basis for tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Objective of the Invention: To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system and its working method. By designing a rock mass scanning device comprising a scanner, a horizontal adjustment device, a vertical adjustment device, a vertical angle adjustment structure, and a hydraulic support, the system achieves precise positioning and multi-angle detection of the scanner at different locations within the tunnel. An environmental monitoring module monitors tunnel environmental parameters in real time, and a central processing unit controls the dynamic adjustment of scanner parameters to ensure the accuracy of the detection data. Through multiple scans and data fusion processing, the system improves the reliability of rock mass structure information acquisition, thereby providing accurate and comprehensive rock mass structure analysis data for tunnel construction and ensuring the safety and stability of tunnel engineering.

[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system and its working method, comprising a rock mass scanning device, which includes a scanner, a horizontal adjustment device, a vertical adjustment device, a vertical angle adjustment structure, and a hydraulic support. The fixed part of the hydraulic support is fixedly installed on the tunnel surface, the movable end of the hydraulic support is connected to the bottom of the vertical adjustment device, the vertical drive end of the vertical adjustment device is connected to the bottom of the horizontal adjustment device, the vertical angle adjustment structure is rotatably mounted on the horizontal drive end of the horizontal adjustment device, and the scanner is mounted on the vertical angle adjustment structure and can rotate vertically through the vertical angle adjustment structure. During the scanning process, the hydraulic support can calibrate the levelness of the scanner, the combined adjustment of the horizontal and vertical adjustment devices allows the scanner to move sequentially to the positions of each preset detection point, and the vertical angle adjustment structure allows the scanner to perform a comprehensive scan of the rock mass at each detection point through vertical rotation.

[0005] Furthermore, the lateral adjustment device includes a lateral adjustment box, a unidirectional double-ended threaded rod, a lateral drive block, and a lateral adjustment knob; the center of the bottom surface of the lateral adjustment box is synchronously and fixedly connected to the vertical drive end of the vertical adjustment device; the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the lateral adjustment box, and both ends of the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod are provided with threaded sections with the same direction of rotation; the two lateral drive blocks are arranged side by side, and the end of the lateral adjustment box away from the hydraulic support is provided with a lateral adjustment groove relative to the two lateral drive blocks; one end of each of the two lateral drive blocks is threaded onto the two threaded sections of the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod, and the other end of each passes through the lateral adjustment groove. The double-ended threaded rod rotates outward from the adjustment box and simultaneously engages with the vertical angle adjustment structure. One end of the double-ended threaded rod rotates with the wall of the horizontal adjustment box along its length through a rotating fitting. The other end passes through the other side wall of the horizontal adjustment box along its length to form a horizontal drive end outside the horizontal adjustment box and is integrally connected with the horizontal adjustment knob. The rotation of the horizontal adjustment knob drives the double-ended threaded rod to rotate synchronously. When the double-ended threaded rod rotates under the drive of the horizontal adjustment knob, the two horizontal drive blocks move synchronously and in the same direction along the axial direction of the double-ended threaded rod, thereby causing the vertical angle adjustment structure to move horizontally with the scanner in the horizontal direction.

[0006] Furthermore, the vertical adjustment device includes a vertical adjustment box, a counter-rotating double-threaded rod, a vertical lifting structure, and a vertical adjustment knob. The center of the bottom surface of the vertical adjustment box is fixedly connected to the movable end of the hydraulic support. The counter-rotating double-threaded rod is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box, with one end of the rod rotatably engaged with one side wall of the vertical adjustment box along its length via a rotating fitting. The other end passes through the other side wall of the vertical adjustment box along its length and is outside the box, integrally connected to the vertical adjustment knob. The driven component of the vertical lifting structure is threadedly connected to the counter-rotating double-threaded pipe, and the driving component of the vertical lifting structure is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box. When the vertical adjustment knob drives the counter-rotating double-threaded rod to rotate synchronously, the vertical lifting structure adjusts the position of the horizontal adjustment box in the vertical direction as the counter-rotating double-threaded rod rotates.

[0007] Furthermore, the vertical lifting structure includes a first connecting block, a second connecting block, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a drive plate. The two ends of the opposite-direction double-threaded rod are provided with two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation. The first and second connecting blocks, constituting the driven components of the vertical lifting structure, are respectively threaded onto the two threaded ends with opposite directions of rotation. The drive plate, as the driving end of the vertical adjustment device, is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box, and the first and second connecting blocks are always located on opposite sides of the drive plate along its length from a top-down view. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to one side of the drive plate along its length, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting block. One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the other side of the drive plate along its length, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting block. When the opposite-direction double-threaded rod rotates, the first and second connecting blocks move closer or further apart along the axial direction of the opposite-direction double-threaded rod, thereby causing the first and second connecting blocks to drive the drive plate to raise or lower the horizontal adjustment box in the vertical direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical adjustment device also includes a telescopic guide column. The fixed end of the telescopic guide column is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box, and the telescopic end of the telescopic guide column is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box. When the vertical lifting structure drives the horizontal adjustment box to rise and fall in the vertical direction, the telescopic end of the telescopic guide column extends and retracts synchronously with the rise and fall of the horizontal adjustment box, and guides the rise and fall movement of the horizontal adjustment box.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical angle adjustment structure includes rotating feet, rotating knobs, and a mounting base; both of the two horizontal drive blocks have through rotating adjustment slots on one end outside the horizontal adjustment box along the direction perpendicular to the double-threaded rod in the same direction; one end of each of the two rotating feet is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting base, and the other end is placed in the two rotating adjustment slots respectively; the two rotating knobs are respectively hinged to the side wall of the two rotating adjustment slots that are close to each other, and are fixedly connected to their respective rotating feet through the side wall of the rotating adjustment slots; the scanner is detachably installed in the mounting base; when the rotating knob rotates around its own axis, the rotating feet drive the mounting base to rotate with the scanner in the vertical plane around the axis of the rotating knob.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydraulic support includes several hydraulic legs and an installation platform. The cylinders of each hydraulic leg together constitute the fixed part of the hydraulic support, and the hydraulic rods of each hydraulic leg together constitute the movable end of the hydraulic support. The ends of the hydraulic rods of each hydraulic leg are fixedly connected to the side of the installation platform closest to the tunnel surface, and the side of the installation platform away from the tunnel surface is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the vertical adjustment box. A level sensor is installed on the installation platform, and the level sensor is signal-connected to each hydraulic leg. When the rock mass scanning device is installed on the ground in the tunnel detection area, the level sensor detects the levelness of the installation platform, and each hydraulic leg adjusts the extension length of its own hydraulic rod according to the detection result of the level sensor, so that the installation platform is always parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0011] Furthermore, the scanner includes a central processing unit (CPU) with control and data processing functions, a laser emitter, a power regulator, a laser adjustment mirror assembly, a piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly, a mounting plate, and a scanner housing. The mounting plate is located within the scanner housing cavity. The laser emitter, power regulator, laser beam expander assembly, and piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly are all mounted on the mounting plate. The CPU is mounted on one side of the mounting plate and is signal-connected to the power regulator and piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly. The power regulator is electrically connected to the laser emitter and can adjust the output power of the laser emitter. The laser adjustment mirror assembly is fixedly disposed in front of the emitting end of the laser emitter and can adjust the divergence angle of the laser emitted by the laser emitter. The coarse adjustment section of the laser adjustment mirror assembly is electrically connected to the CPU, and the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly is electrically connected to the fine adjustment section of the laser adjustment assembly. When the central controller activates the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly, each activation of the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly provides a brief energy source to the fine adjustment section of the laser adjustment assembly, thereby adjusting the fine adjustment section of the laser adjustment assembly by one scale unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the installation platform is also equipped with an environmental monitoring module, which is connected to the central processing unit. The environmental monitoring module can monitor the temperature, humidity, pressure and magnetic field inside the tunnel in real time and transmit the monitoring results to the central processing unit synchronously.

[0013] Furthermore, a method for operating a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Place the rock mass scanning device in the tunnel and lock the fixed part of the hydraulic support to the ground of the area to be inspected using fasteners;

[0015] Step 2: The level sensor detects the levelness of the installation platform, and each hydraulic support adjusts the extension length of its hydraulic rod according to the detection result of the level sensor to ensure that the installation platform is always parallel to the horizontal plane;

[0016] Step 3: Set up several virtual detection points, with at least two detection points. Based on the detection requirements and the detection results of the environmental detection module, adjust the coarse adjustment part of the laser adjustment lens group through the central processing unit, and preheat the laser emitter.

[0017] Step 4: Rotate the vertical adjustment knob to bring the first connecting block and the second connecting block closer to or further apart from each other along the axis of the opposite double-threaded rod, thereby moving the horizontal adjustment box in the vertical direction until the scanner moves to the horizontal plane where the first detection point is located in the vertical direction.

[0018] Step 5: Rotate the horizontal adjustment knob to make the two horizontal drive blocks move synchronously along the axis of the same direction double-threaded rod until the scanner moves to the position of the first detection point in the horizontal direction.

[0019] Step Six: Control the laser emitter to emit laser light and drive the rotary knob to rotate around its own axis, thereby causing the scanner to rotate around the axis of the rotary knob in the vertical plane;

[0020] Step 7: During Step 6, the central controller adjusts the power, divergence angle, and wavelength of the laser emitted by the laser emitter in real time based on the detection results of the environmental detection module, in conjunction with the power regulator and the laser adjustment mirror group.

[0021] Step 8: In step 7, if it is found that there is a large difference between the rock mass data obtained by scanning in the previous unit and the rock mass data obtained by scanning in the next unit, the central controller activates the piezoelectric ceramic drive component. Each activation of the piezoelectric ceramic drive component can provide a short-term energy to the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component, thereby adjusting the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component by one scale unit.

[0022] Step 9: Repeat steps 4 through 8 until the rock mass scanning device has performed a complete scan of the rock mass at each detection point, and each detection point has been scanned at least twice.

[0023] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, the tunnel rock mass structure scanning system and its working method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The horizontal level of the scanner can be calibrated via a hydraulic support; the horizontal and vertical adjustment devices can work together to precisely move the scanner to each preset detection point; the vertical angle adjustment structure allows the scanner to rotate vertically at each detection point, achieving a comprehensive scan of the rock mass being measured; the environmental detection module on the mounting platform can detect parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and magnetic field inside the tunnel in real time; the central processing unit adjusts the power, divergence angle, wavelength, and frequency of the laser emitter in real time based on these parameters, ensuring that the detection work can still be carried out stably and accurately in complex and changing tunnel environments; by setting multiple detection points, with each detection point undergoing at least two scans, and by grouping, comparing, and fusing the scan results, the errors and randomness of the detection data are reduced, improving the reliability and accuracy of the data. This provides more valuable rock mass structure analysis basis for tunnel construction, helps optimize tunnel construction design schemes, and ensures construction safety and project quality. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rock mass scanning device in its retracted state.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rock mass scanning device in the open state;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic support structure.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the scanner's internal structure;

[0028] Figure 5 Flowchart for result fusion;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rock mass scanning device in the open state in the second embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 Here is a detailed structural diagram of structure A;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the guide support cylinder;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a unidirectional toothed assembly;

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure supporting the tooth body embedded in the tooth groove. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] As attached Figures 1-2 As shown, a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system includes a rock mass scanning device. The rock mass scanning device includes a scanner 1, a horizontal adjustment device 2, a vertical adjustment device 3, a vertical angle adjustment structure 4, and a hydraulic support 5. The fixed part 6 of the hydraulic support 5 is fixedly installed on the tunnel floor. The movable end 7 of the hydraulic support 5 is connected to the bottom of the vertical adjustment device 3. The vertical drive end 8 of the vertical adjustment device 3 is connected to the bottom of the horizontal adjustment device 2. The vertical angle adjustment structure 4 is rotatably installed on the horizontal drive end 9 of the horizontal adjustment device 2. The scanner 1 is installed on the vertical angle adjustment structure 4 and can rotate vertically through the vertical angle adjustment structure 4. During the scanning process, the hydraulic support 5 can calibrate the levelness of the scanner 1. The joint adjustment of the horizontal adjustment device 2 and the vertical adjustment device 3 can move the scanner 1 sequentially to the positions of each preset detection point. The vertical angle adjustment structure 4 can enable the scanner 1 to perform a comprehensive scan of the rock mass at each detection point by vertical rotation.

[0036] The lateral adjustment device 2 includes a lateral adjustment box 10, a double-ended threaded rod 11 in the same direction, a lateral drive block 12, and a lateral adjustment knob 14. The center of the bottom surface of the lateral adjustment box 10 is synchronously and fixedly connected to the vertical drive end 8 of the vertical adjustment device 3. The double-ended threaded rod 11 in the same direction is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the lateral adjustment box 10, and both ends of the double-ended threaded rod 11 are provided with threaded sections in the same direction. The two lateral drive blocks 12 are arranged side by side, and the end of the lateral adjustment box 10 away from the hydraulic support 5 is provided with a lateral adjustment groove 13 relative to the two lateral drive blocks 12. The lateral adjustment groove 13 is a long strip groove opened along the length direction of the lateral adjustment box 10. One end of each of the two lateral drive blocks 12 is threaded onto the two threaded sections of the double-ended threaded rod 11 in the same direction, and the other end passes through the lateral adjustment knob 14. The adjustment groove 13 is located outside the horizontal adjustment box 10 and simultaneously rotates with the vertical angle adjustment structure 4. One end of the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod 11 rotates with the side wall of the horizontal adjustment box 10 along its length direction through a rotating fitting, while the other end passes through the other side wall of the horizontal adjustment box 10 along its length direction to form a horizontal drive end 9 outside the horizontal adjustment box 10, and is integrally connected with the horizontal adjustment knob 14. The rotating fitting is a rotating bearing. The rotational movement of the horizontal adjustment knob 14 can drive the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod 11 to rotate synchronously. When the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod 11 rotates under the drive of the horizontal adjustment knob 13, the two horizontal drive blocks 12 move synchronously and in the same direction along the axial direction of the unidirectional double-ended threaded rod 11, thereby causing the vertical angle adjustment structure 4 to move horizontally with the scanner 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0037] The vertical adjustment device 3 includes a vertical adjustment box 15, a counter-rotating double-threaded rod 16, a vertical lifting structure 17, and a vertical adjustment knob 18. The center of the bottom surface of the vertical adjustment box 15 is fixedly connected to the movable end 7 of the hydraulic support 5. The counter-rotating double-threaded rod 16 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box 15, with one end of the rod rotatably engaged with one side wall of the vertical adjustment box 15 along its length via a rotating fitting, and the other end passing through the vertical adjustment box 15 along its length. The other side of the box wall is outside the vertical adjustment box 15 and is integrally connected to the vertical adjustment knob 18. The driven component of the vertical lifting structure 17 is threadedly connected to the opposite double-ended threaded tube 16, and the driving component of the vertical lifting structure 17 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box 10. When the vertical adjustment knob 18 drives the opposite double-ended threaded tube 16 to rotate synchronously through rotation, the vertical lifting structure 17 adjusts the position of the horizontal adjustment box 10 in the vertical direction with the rotation of the opposite double-ended threaded tube 16.

[0038] The vertical lifting structure 17 includes a first connecting block 19a, a second connecting block 19b, a first connecting rod 20a, a second connecting rod 20b, and a drive plate 21. The two ends of the opposite-direction double-threaded rod 16 are provided with two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation, i.e., one end has a left-hand thread and the other end has a right-hand thread. The first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b constitute the driven components of the vertical lifting structure 17, respectively threaded onto the two opposite-direction threaded ends. The drive plate 21, as the driving end 8 of the vertical adjustment device 3, is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box 10, and the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b are always located on opposite sides of the drive plate 21 along its length from a top-down view. One end of the first connecting rod 20a is hinged to one side of the drive plate 21 along its length, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting block 19a. One end of the second connecting rod 20b is hinged to the other side of the drive plate 21 along its length. The first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b are hinged to each other at the other end. When the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod 16 rotates, the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b move closer to or further away from each other along the axial direction of the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod 16, thereby causing the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b to drive the drive plate 21 to raise or lower the horizontal adjustment box 10 in the vertical direction. More specifically, when the vertical adjustment knob 18 drives the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod 16 to rotate in the forward direction, the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b move closer to each other along the axial direction of the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod 16, thereby driving the drive plate 21 to raise the horizontal adjustment box 10 in the vertical direction. When the vertical adjustment knob 18 drives the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod 16 to rotate in the reverse direction, the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b move further away from each other along the axial direction of the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod 16, thereby driving the drive plate 21 to lower the horizontal adjustment box 10 in the vertical direction.

[0039] The vertical adjustment device 3 also includes a telescopic guide column 22. The fixed end of the telescopic guide column 22 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box 15, and the telescopic rod 55 of the telescopic guide column 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box 10. When the vertical lifting structure 17 drives the horizontal adjustment box 10 to rise and fall in the vertical direction, the telescopic rod 55 of the telescopic guide column 22 extends and retracts synchronously with the rise and fall of the horizontal adjustment box 10, and guides the rise and fall of the horizontal adjustment box 10. In this scheme, four telescopic guide columns 22 are set, and the four telescopic guide columns 22 are set at the four corners of the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box 15.

[0040] The vertical angle adjustment structure 4 includes a rotating foot 23, a rotating knob 24, and a mounting base 25. Each of the two horizontal drive blocks 12 has a through rotating adjustment groove 26 on one end outside the horizontal adjustment box 10, perpendicular to the direction of the double-threaded rod 11. One end of each rotating foot 23 is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting base 25, and the other end is placed in the two rotating adjustment grooves 26 respectively. The two rotating knobs 24 are hinged to the adjacent side walls of the two rotating adjustment grooves 26 and pass through the groove walls of the rotating adjustment grooves 26 to be fixedly connected to their respective rotating feet 23. The scanner 1 is detachably installed in the mounting base 25. When the rotating knob 24 rotates around its own axis, the rotating foot 23 drives the mounting base 25 to rotate the scanner 1 in the vertical plane around the axis of the rotating knob 24.

[0041] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the hydraulic support 5 includes several hydraulic legs 27 and an installation platform 28. The cylinders of each hydraulic leg 27 together form the fixed part 6 of the hydraulic support 5, and the hydraulic rods of each hydraulic leg 27 together form the movable end 7 of the hydraulic support 5. The ends of the hydraulic rods of each hydraulic leg 27 are fixedly connected to the side of the installation platform 28 closest to the tunnel floor. The side of the installation platform 28 furthest from the tunnel floor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the vertical adjustment box 15. A level sensor 29 is installed on the installation platform 28, and the level sensor 29 is signal-connected to each hydraulic leg 27. When the rock mass scanning device is installed on the ground in the tunnel detection area, the level sensor 29 detects the levelness of the installation platform 28. Each hydraulic leg 27 adjusts the extension length of its own hydraulic rod according to the detection result of the level sensor 29, so that the installation platform 28 is always parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby ensuring that the scanner 1 is in a horizontal detection state.

[0042] More specifically, each of the hydraulic outriggers 27 has a fixing plate at the end away from the mounting platform 28. A pressure sensor is embedded at the connection between the fixing plate and the cylinder of the hydraulic outrigger 27. Under the action of several pressure sensors and level sensors 29, each of the hydraulic outriggers 27 jointly adjusts the levelness of the mounting platform 28.

[0043] The scanner 1 includes a central processing unit 30 with control and data processing functions, a laser emitter 31, a power regulator 32, a laser beam expander 33, a piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly 34, a mounting plate 35, and a scanner housing. The laser emitter 31, power regulator 32, laser beam expander 33, and piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly 34 are all mounted on the mounting plate 35 within the inner cavity of the scanner housing. The central processing unit 30 is mounted on one side of the mounting plate 35 and is signal-connected to the power regulator 32 and the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly 34. The power regulator 32 is electrically connected to the laser emitter 31, and the power... The power regulator 32 can adjust the output power of the laser emitter 31; the laser adjustment mirror group 33 is fixedly installed in front of the emitting end of the laser emitter 31, and the laser adjustment mirror group 33 can adjust the divergence angle of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 31; the coarse adjustment part of the laser adjustment mirror group 33 is electrically connected to the central processing unit 30, and the piezoelectric ceramic driving component 34 is electrically connected to the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component 33. When the central controller 30 activates the piezoelectric ceramic driving component 34, each activation of the piezoelectric ceramic driving component can provide a short-term energy to the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component 33, thereby adjusting the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component 33 by one scale unit.

[0044] An environmental monitoring module 36 is also provided on the installation platform 28. The environmental monitoring module 36 is connected to the central processing unit 30. The environmental monitoring module 36 can detect the temperature, humidity, pressure and magnetic field inside the tunnel in real time and transmit the detection results to the central processing unit 30 synchronously.

[0045] A method for operating a tunnel rock mass structure scanning system includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Place the rock mass scanning device in the tunnel and lock the fixing part 6 of the hydraulic support 5 to the ground of the area to be inspected using fasteners;

[0047] Step 2: The level sensor 29 detects the levelness of the installation platform 28, and each hydraulic support leg 27 adjusts the extension length of its hydraulic rod according to the detection result of the level sensor 29 to ensure that the installation platform 28 is always parallel to the horizontal plane;

[0048] Step 3: Set up several virtual detection points, with at least two detection points. Based on the detection requirements and the detection results of the environmental detection module 36, adjust the coarse adjustment part of the laser adjustment mirror group 33 through the central processing unit 30, and preheat the laser emitter 31 so that the laser emitter 31 can emit a stable laser when detection is required.

[0049] Step 4: Rotate the vertical adjustment knob 18 to bring the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b closer to or further away from each other along the axis of the opposite double-threaded rod 16, thereby moving the horizontal adjustment box 10 in the vertical direction until the scanner 1 moves to the horizontal plane where the first detection point is located in the vertical direction.

[0050] Step 5: Rotate the horizontal adjustment knob 14 to make the two horizontal drive blocks 12 move synchronously along the axis of the double-ended threaded rod 11 in the same direction until the scanner 1 moves to the position of the first detection point in the horizontal direction.

[0051] Step 6: Control the laser emitter 31 to emit laser light and drive the rotating knob 24 to rotate around its own axis, thereby causing the scanner 1 to rotate around the axis of the rotating knob 24 in the vertical plane;

[0052] Step 7: During Step 6, the central controller 30 adjusts the power, divergence angle and wavelength of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 31 in real time based on the detection results of the environmental detection module 36 and in conjunction with the power regulator 32 and the laser adjustment mirror group 33.

[0053] Step 8: In step 7, if it is found that there is a large difference between the rock mass data obtained by scanning in the previous unit and the rock mass data obtained by scanning in the next unit, the central controller 30 activates the piezoelectric ceramic drive component 34. Each activation of the piezoelectric ceramic drive component can provide a short-term energy to the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component 33, thereby adjusting the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment component 33 by one scale unit.

[0054] Step 9: Repeat steps 4 through 8 until the rock mass scanning device has performed a complete scan of the rock mass at each detection point, and each detection point has been scanned at least twice.

[0055] In step three, the detection point is set based on step two, by establishing a coordinate system with the center point of the bottom of the vertical adjustment box 15 cavity as the origin, and inputting the horizontal and vertical coordinates into the central controller 30.

[0056] In steps three and seven, the calculation model of the central controller 30 is as follows:

[0057] Initialize the parameters of the central controller 30: set the initial temperature T0 = 25℃, the initial laser wavelength λ0 = 808nm, the initial laser emitter power W0 = 100mW, and the initial laser divergence angle θ0 and initial laser frequency f0 need to be set according to the nameplate of the selected laser emitter, so no fixed initial values ​​are set here.

[0058] Input environmental parameters: The central controller 30 acquires parameters such as temperature T, humidity H, air pressure P, and magnetic field M detected by the environmental detection module 36;

[0059] Based on the comparison between the tunnel humidity parameter H detected by the environmental monitoring module 36 and the relative humidity RH, the required increase in laser wavelength λ for the laser emitter 31 is determined. adjust and the increase in transmit power W adjust :

[0060] If H < 30%RH, then λ adjust =0nm, W adjust =0%, meaning the laser emitter 31 operates with initial parameters;

[0061] If 30%RH < H < 60%RH, then λ adjust =1nm, W adjust =5%, meaning that under this humidity environment, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the laser wavelength increases by 1nm, and the emission power increases by 5%.

[0062] If H > 60%RH, then a fixed laser wavelength λ and emission power W are selected, where the laser wavelength λ = 905nm and the emission power W = W0 × (1 + 10%).

[0063] Based on the tunnel temperature parameter T detected by the environmental monitoring module 36, calculate the required laser wavelength λ and emission power W for the laser emitter 31:

[0064] λ=λ0+λ adjust ×(T-T0)

[0065] W = W0 × (1 + W) adjust ×(T-T0))

[0066] in,

[0067] λ: The final laser wavelength emitted by the laser emitter;

[0068] λ0: the initial laser wavelength;

[0069] T: The tunnel temperature parameter detected by the environmental monitoring module;

[0070] T0: Initial temperature;

[0071] W: The final emission power of the laser emitter;

[0072] W0: The initial power of the laser emitter.

[0073] The required laser divergence angle θ for laser emitter 31 is calculated based on the tunnel air pressure parameter P detected by the environmental monitoring module 36.

[0074] θ=θ0×(1+0.01%×(P-101.3))

[0075] in,

[0076] θ0: Initial laser divergence angle;

[0077] θ: The final laser divergence angle of the laser emitter.

[0078] P: Tunnel air pressure parameters detected by the environmental monitoring module.

[0079] The required laser frequency f for laser emitter 31 is calculated based on the tunnel magnetic field parameter M detected by the environmental monitoring module 36.

[0080] If M > 50μT, then f = f0 × (1 + 0.1% × (M - 50));

[0081] If M < 50μT, then f = f0.

[0082] After completing step nine, the scan results are grouped and compared. Scans performed at the same detection point are placed in the same group and compared within the group. Then, the two scan results are fused using image processing software according to the corresponding calculation method to generate a fused image. The fused images output from different groups (i.e., different detection points) are compared again, and the final result is output.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, in step three, three detection points D1, D2, and D3 are set respectively. The rock mass scanning device performs two scans at detection point D1 and records them as P1 and P2, two scans at detection point D2 and records them as P3 and P4, and two scans at detection point D3 and records them as P5 and P6. The results output by P1 and P2 are fused using image processing software and input as fusion result M1, the results output by P3 and P4 are fused and input as fusion result M2, and the results output by P5 and P6 are fused and input as fusion result M3. The results M1, M2, and M3 are fused using image processing software and output as final result U. Based on the final result U, the rock mass structure is reconstructed in three dimensions, and the rock mass is analyzed using specialized software to provide design basis for tunnel construction.

[0084] The above is the first embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, although the scanner 1 can accurately scan the rock mass to be measured by means of the horizontal adjustment device 2, the vertical adjustment device 3, the vertical angle adjustment structure 4 and the hydraulic support 5, most of the adjustment process requires manual adjustment by the staff. In particular, the adjustment process of the vertical angle adjustment structure 4 requires manual adjustment by the staff. Moreover, scanning the rock mass structure by the scanner 1 takes a long time. Long-term manual operation will inevitably lead to excessive fatigue of the staff, resulting in a decrease in adjustment accuracy and thus inaccurate scanning results.

[0085] Therefore, the present invention proposes a second embodiment, such as... Figures 6-10 As shown, in the second embodiment, a first motor 37 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sidewall of the lateral adjustment box 10, where the lateral adjustment knob 14 is installed. One end of the co-directional double-threaded rod 11 is rotatably engaged with one side wall of the lateral adjustment box 10 along its length direction via a rotating fitting, and the other end passes through the other side wall of the lateral adjustment box 10 along its length direction outside the lateral adjustment box 10, and is fixedly connected coaxially to the output shaft of the first motor 37. A first driven gear 38 is coaxially sleeved on the end of the co-directional double-threaded rod 11 near the first motor 37. The lateral adjustment knob 14 is located on the side wall of the lateral adjustment box 10 near the first motor 37, and the lateral adjustment knob 14 and the co-directional double-threaded rod 11 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the lateral adjustment box 10. A first driving gear 39, capable of meshing and transmitting power with the first driven gear 38, is coaxially arranged on the end of the adjustment knob 14 away from the handle. Both the driven gear 38 and the first driving gear 39 are rolled and installed in the side wall of the transverse adjustment box 10 near the first motor 37. During the scanning process, if transverse adjustment is required, the first motor 37 drives the double-headed threaded rod 11 in the same direction to rotate for preliminary adjustment. The adjustment accuracy of the preliminary adjustment is 1 nm. After the preliminary adjustment is completed, the operator makes fine adjustment by using the transverse adjustment knob 14. The adjustment accuracy of the fine adjustment is 0.001 nm to 0.1 nm. It should be noted that the adjustment accuracy of the fine adjustment is only an approximate value. The specific accuracy is determined by the tooth ratio of the driven gear 38 and the first driving gear 39, the gear accuracy, and the tooth profile, etc. However, the most important factor is the tooth ratio of the driven gear 38 and the first driving gear 39. Preferably, the number of teeth of the driven gear 38 is much larger than the number of teeth of the first driving gear 39, and the larger the tooth ratio of the driven gear 38 and the first driving gear 39, the more accurate the adjustment.

[0086] A second motor 40 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical adjustment box 15, where a vertical adjustment knob 18 is mounted. One end of the opposite-direction double-ended threaded rod 16 is rotatably engaged with one side of the vertical adjustment box 15 along its length via a rotating fitting. The other end passes through the other side of the vertical adjustment box 15 along its length and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 40 along the same axis. A second driven gear 41 is coaxially mounted on the end of the opposite-direction double-ended threaded rod 16 near the second motor 40. The vertical adjustment knob 18 is located on the side wall of the vertical adjustment box 15 near the second motor 40, and the vertical adjustment knob 18 and the opposite-direction double-ended threaded rod 16 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the vertical adjustment box 15. A second driving gear 42, capable of meshing and transmitting power with the second driven gear 41, is coaxially mounted on the end of the adjustment knob 14 away from the handle. The second driven gear 41 and the second driving gear 42 are connected in a continuous manner. All wheels 42 are rolled and installed inside the vertical adjustment box 15 on the side of the box closest to the second motor 40. During the scanning process, if horizontal adjustment is required, the second motor 40 drives the opposite-direction double-threaded rod 16 to rotate for preliminary adjustment, with an adjustment accuracy of 1 nm. After the preliminary adjustment is completed, the operator performs fine adjustment using the vertical adjustment knob 18, with an adjustment accuracy of 0.001 nm to 0.1 nm. It should be noted that the adjustment accuracy here is only an approximate value. The specific accuracy is determined by the ratio of the number of teeth of the second driven gear 41 and the second driving gear 42, as well as parameters such as gear accuracy and tooth profile. However, the most important factor is the ratio of the number of teeth of the second driven gear 41 and the second driving gear 42. Preferably, the number of teeth of the second driven gear 41 is much larger than the number of teeth of the second driving gear 42, and the larger the ratio of the number of teeth of the second driven gear 41 and the second driving gear 42, the more accurate the adjustment.

[0087] The rotating knob 24 is replaced by a third motor 54. The third motor 54 is fixedly installed at the end of the horizontal drive block 12 outside the horizontal adjustment box 10. The rotating foot 23 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the third motor 54. The groove wall of the rotating adjustment groove 26 is rotatably engaged with the drive shaft of the third motor 54. The drive shaft of the third motor 54 drives the rotating angle 23 to rotate around the axis of the drive shaft of the third motor 54 on the vertical plane with the mounting base 25.

[0088] The fixed end of the telescopic guide column 22 is configured as a guide support cylinder 43. The guide support cylinder 43 includes an outer cylinder 44 and an inner arc-shaped plate 45. A plurality of the inner arc-shaped plates 45 are arranged in a circumferential array and coaxially sleeved inside the outer cylinder 44. A plurality of electric actuators 46 are equidistantly arranged along the length direction inside each of the inner arc-shaped plates 45. The fixing parts of each electric actuator 46 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 44, and the driving parts of each electric actuator 46 are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the inner arc-shaped plate 45 near the outer cylinder 44. The telescopic rod 5 of the telescopic guide column 22 5. Coaxial lines are set inside each internal arc plate 45; when the opposite double-headed threaded rod 16 rotates in the forward direction to drive the transverse adjustment box 10 to the target height, each electric push rod 46 extends synchronously, thereby driving each internal arc plate 45 to move closer to each other, thereby locking the telescopic rod 55 of the telescopic guide column 22; when the transverse adjustment box 10 needs to move in the vertical direction, each electric push rod 46 retracts synchronously, thereby driving each internal arc plate 45 to move away from each other, thereby causing the telescopic rod 55 of the telescopic guide group 22 to move vertically along the axis of the outer cylinder 44 under the drive of the transverse adjustment box 10.

[0089] To further enhance the supporting effect of the fixed end of the telescopic guide column 22 on the telescopic rod 55, a plurality of one-way tooth assemblies 47 are equidistantly arranged on the arc-shaped surface of each inner arc-shaped plate 45 away from the outer cylinder 44. Each one-way tooth assembly 47 includes a supporting tooth 48 and a torsion spring 49. A plurality of tooth grooves 50 are formed on the arc-shaped surface of each inner arc-shaped plate 45 away from the outer cylinder 44 corresponding to each supporting tooth 48. A supporting tooth 48 is hinged in each tooth groove 50. A torsion spring 49 is provided between each supporting tooth 48 and its corresponding tooth groove 50. One end of the torsion spring 49 is connected to... The tooth 48 is hinged to the groove wall of the tooth groove 50, and the other end is connected to a tooth surface of the tooth 48. In the initial state, each of the tooth 48 protrudes out of its corresponding tooth groove 50 under the action of the torsion spring 49, and a tooth surface of each of the tooth 48 is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder 44. A limiting plate 51 is provided on the tooth surface of the tooth 48 connected to the torsion spring 49, and a limiting wall 52 is provided in the tooth groove 50 corresponding to the limiting plate 51. When a tooth surface of the tooth 48 is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder 44, the limiting plate 51 and the limiting wall 52 are in limiting contact.

[0090] The telescopic guide column 22 has a tapered pressing seat 53 coaxially arranged at one end of the telescopic rod 55 near the vertical adjustment box 15. In the initial state, each of the electric push rods 46 is in the maximum extended state, and one tooth surface of each of the supporting teeth 48 is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder 44 and presses against the outer circumferential surface of the telescopic rod 55. The maximum circumferential surface of the pressing seat 53 presses against the arc surface of each of the inner arc plates 45 away from the outer cylinder 44.

[0091] When the counter-rotating double-threaded rod 16 rotates in the forward direction, driving the transverse adjusting box 10 to rise in the vertical direction, the telescopic rod 55 of the telescopic guide column 22 moves along the axis of the outer cylinder 44 under the drive of the transverse adjusting box 10. The pressing seat 53 presses against the tooth surface of each of the supporting teeth 48 in sequence, and drives each supporting tooth 48 to rotate until each supporting tooth 48 is embedded in its corresponding tooth groove 50. When the pressing seat 53 disengages from the supporting tooth 48, the supporting tooth 48 protrudes out of the tooth groove 50 again under the action of the torsion spring 49. When the transverse adjusting box 10 moves to the target height, the side of the pressing seat 53 near the vertical adjusting box 15 contacts the tooth surface of each of the supporting teeth 48 that is closest at this time, perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder 44.

[0092] When the opposite-direction double-threaded rod 16 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the transverse adjustment box 10 to descend in the vertical direction, the driving components of each electric actuator 46 retract synchronously until each support tooth 48 is located outside the maximum circumferential surface of the pressure seat 53. The telescopic rod 55 of the telescopic guide column 22 moves along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 44 under the drive of the transverse adjustment box 10. When the transverse adjustment box 10 moves to the target height, the driving components of each electric actuator 46 extend synchronously until each support tooth 48 presses against the outer circumferential surface of the telescopic rod 55, and the side of the pressure seat 53 near the vertical adjustment box 15 contacts the tooth surface of each support tooth 48 that is closest to it at this time, perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder 44.

[0093] To further improve the automation level of the rock mass scanning device, each of the electric actuators 46 is connected to the second motor 40 via a signal. Several pressure sensors are arranged in a circular array on the maximum circumferential surface of the pressure seat 53. When the second motor 40 drives in the reverse direction, causing the opposite-direction double-threaded rod 16 to rotate in the reverse direction, the driving components of each of the electric actuators 46 retract synchronously. Regardless of whether the second motor 40 drives in the forward or reverse direction, when the second motor 40 stops, the driving components of each of the electric actuators 46 extend synchronously until the detection value of the pressure sensor reaches the preset value.

[0094] It is important to clarify that when scanner 1 completes its detection task at one detection point and moves to another, it first needs to be moved to the height of the detection point using the vertical adjustment device 3; then, it needs to be moved to the horizontal position of the detection point using the horizontal adjustment device 2; and finally, it needs to be driven to rotate in the vertical plane using the vertical angle adjustment device 4. Therefore, during the movement of the vertical adjustment device 3, other devices will not move. Thus, even if the opposite-direction double-threaded rod 16 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the horizontal adjustment box 10 to descend vertically, the threaded engagement between the first connecting block 19a and the second connecting block 19b and the opposite-direction double-threaded rod 16 is sufficient to provide adequate support for the other devices. After scanner 1 moves to the height of the detection point, the movement of other devices in sequence will inevitably cause vibration. Furthermore, the movement of the components connected to the horizontal adjustment box 10 during the movement will also cause a change in the overall center of gravity. Therefore, a support structure is needed to ensure that scanner 1 remains stable at the required height.

[0095] The above are the preferred embodiments described in this invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel rock mass structure scanning system, characterized in that: The device includes a rock mass scanning device, which comprises a scanner (1), a horizontal adjustment device (2), a vertical adjustment device (3), a vertical angle adjustment structure (4), and a hydraulic support (5). The fixed part (6) of the hydraulic support (5) is fixedly installed on the tunnel floor. The movable end (7) of the hydraulic support (5) is connected to the bottom of the vertical adjustment device (3). The vertical drive end (8) of the vertical adjustment device (3) is connected to the bottom of the horizontal adjustment device (2). The vertical angle adjustment structure (4) is rotatably installed on the horizontal adjustment device. (2) On the horizontal drive end (9), the scanner (1) is mounted on the vertical angle adjustment structure (4) and can rotate in the vertical direction through the vertical angle adjustment structure (4); during the scanning process, the hydraulic support (5) can calibrate the level of the scanner (1), and the joint adjustment of the horizontal adjustment device (2) and the vertical adjustment device (3) can make the scanner (1) move to the position of each preset detection point in sequence, and the vertical angle adjustment structure (4) can make the scanner (1) perform a comprehensive scan of the rock mass under test by rotating vertically at each detection point; The vertical adjustment device (3) includes a vertical adjustment box (15), a counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod (16), a vertical lifting structure (17), and a vertical adjustment knob (18). The center of the bottom surface of the vertical adjustment box (15) is fixedly connected to the movable end (7) of the hydraulic support (5). The counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod (16) is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box (15). One end of the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod (16) is rotatably engaged with one side wall of the vertical adjustment box (15) along the length direction through a rotating fitting. The other end passes through the other side wall of the vertical adjustment box (15) along the length direction outside the vertical adjustment box (15) and is integrally connected with the vertical adjustment knob (18). The driven component of the vertical lifting structure (17) is threadedly connected to the counter-rotating double-ended threaded rod (16), and the driving component of the vertical lifting structure (17) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment device (2). The hydraulic support (5) includes several hydraulic legs (27) and an installation platform (28). The cylinders of each hydraulic leg (27) together constitute the fixed part (6) of the hydraulic support (5). The hydraulic rods of each hydraulic leg (27) together constitute the movable end (7) of the hydraulic support (5). The ends of the hydraulic rods of each hydraulic leg (27) are fixedly connected to the side of the installation platform (28) near the tunnel ground. The side of the installation platform (28) away from the tunnel ground is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the vertical adjustment box (15). A horizontal sensor (29) is provided on the installation platform (28). The horizontal sensor (29) is signal-connected to each hydraulic leg (27). When the rock mass scanning device is installed on the ground in the tunnel detection area, the horizontal sensor (29) detects the levelness of the installation platform (28). Each hydraulic leg (27) adjusts the extension length of its own hydraulic rod according to the detection result of the horizontal sensor (29), so that the installation platform (28) is always parallel to the horizontal plane. The scanner (1) includes a central processing unit (30) with control and data processing functions, a laser emitter (31), a power regulator (32), a laser adjustment mirror assembly (33), a piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly (34), a mounting plate (35), and a scanner housing; the mounting plate (35) is located in the inner cavity of the scanner housing, the laser emitter (31), the power regulator (32), the laser adjustment mirror assembly (33), and the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly (34) are all mounted on the mounting plate (35), the central processing unit (30) is mounted on one side of the mounting plate (35), and the central processing unit (30) is signal-connected to the power regulator (32) and the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly (34); the power regulator (32) is electrically connected to the laser emitter (31). The power regulator (32) is connected to the laser emitter (31) and can adjust the output power of the laser emitter (31); the laser adjustment mirror group (33) is fixedly installed in front of the emitting end of the laser emitter (31) and can adjust the divergence angle of the laser emitted by the laser emitter (31); the coarse adjustment part of the laser adjustment mirror group (33) is electrically connected to the central processing unit (30), and the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly (34) is electrically connected to the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment mirror group (33). When the central processing unit (30) activates the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly (34), each activation of the piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly can provide a short-term energy to the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment mirror group (33), thereby adjusting the fine adjustment part of the laser adjustment mirror group (33) by one scale unit.

2. The tunnel rock mass structure scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral adjustment device (2) includes a lateral adjustment box (10), a double-ended threaded rod (11) in the same direction, a lateral drive block (12), and a lateral adjustment knob (14). The center of the bottom surface of the lateral adjustment box (10) is synchronously fixedly connected to the vertical drive end (8) of the vertical adjustment device (3). The double-ended threaded rod (11) in the same direction is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the lateral adjustment box (10), and both ends of the double-ended threaded rod (11) in the same direction are provided with threaded sections with the same direction of rotation. The two lateral drive blocks (12) are arranged side by side, and the end of the lateral adjustment box (10) away from the hydraulic support (5) is provided with a lateral adjustment groove (13) relative to the two lateral drive blocks (12). One end of the two lateral drive blocks (12) is threadedly engaged with the two threaded sections of the double-ended threaded rod (11) in the same direction, and the other end passes through the lateral adjustment groove (13). A horizontal drive end (9) is formed outside the horizontal adjustment box (10) and simultaneously rotates with the vertical angle adjustment structure (4). One end of the same-direction double-ended threaded rod (11) rotates with the box wall of the horizontal adjustment box (10) along the length direction through a rotating fitting, and the other end passes through the other side box wall of the horizontal adjustment box (10) along the length direction outside the horizontal adjustment box (10) and is integrally connected with the horizontal adjustment knob (14). The rotation of the horizontal adjustment knob (14) can drive the same-direction double-ended threaded rod (11) to rotate synchronously. When the same-direction double-ended threaded rod (11) rotates under the drive of the horizontal adjustment knob (14), the two horizontal drive blocks (12) move synchronously and in the same direction along the axial direction of the same-direction double-ended threaded rod (11), thereby causing the vertical angle adjustment structure (4) to move horizontally with the scanner (1) in the horizontal direction.

3. The tunnel rock mass structure scanning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical angle adjustment structure (4) includes a rotating foot (23), a rotating knob (24), and a mounting base (25). The two horizontal drive blocks (12) are provided with through rotating adjustment grooves (26) on one end outside the horizontal adjustment box (10) along the direction perpendicular to the double-headed threaded rod (11). One end of the two rotating feet (23) is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting base (25), and the other end is placed in the two rotating adjustment grooves (26). The two rotating knobs (24) are respectively hinged to the side wall of the two rotating adjustment grooves (26) that are close to each other, and pass through the groove wall of the rotating adjustment groove (26) and are fixedly connected to their respective rotating feet (23). The scanner (1) is detachably installed in the mounting base (25). When the rotating knob (24) rotates around its own axis, the rotating foot (23) drives the mounting base (25) to rotate the scanner (1) around the axis of the rotating knob (24) in the vertical plane.

4. The tunnel rock mass structure scanning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the vertical adjustment knob (18) drives the opposite-direction double-ended threaded rod (16) to rotate synchronously through rotation, the vertical lifting structure (17) adjusts the position of the horizontal adjustment box (10) in the vertical direction with the rotation of the opposite-direction double-ended threaded rod (16).

5. A tunnel rock mass structure scanning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical lifting structure (17) includes a first connecting block (19a), a second connecting block (19b), a first connecting rod (20a), a second connecting rod (20b), and a drive plate (21). The two ends of the opposite-direction double-threaded rod (16) are provided with two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation. The first connecting block (19a) and the second connecting block (19b) constitute the driven components of the vertical lifting structure (17), which are respectively threaded onto the two threaded ends with opposite directions of rotation. The drive plate (21) serves as the driving end (8) of the vertical adjustment device (3) and is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box (10). The first connecting block (19a) and the second connecting block (19b) are always located at the drive plate (21) from a top-down perspective. Along the length direction on both sides; one end of the first connecting rod (20a) is hinged to one side of the drive plate (21) along the length direction, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting block (19a); one end of the second connecting rod (20b) is hinged to the other side of the drive plate (21) along the length direction, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting block (19b); when the opposite double-ended threaded rod (16) rotates, the first connecting block (19a) and the second connecting block (19b) move closer or further away from each other along the axial direction of the opposite double-ended threaded rod (16), thereby causing the first connecting block (19a) and the second connecting block (19b) to drive the drive plate (21) to carry the transverse adjustment box (10) to rise or fall in the vertical direction.

6. A tunnel rock mass structure scanning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical adjustment device (3) also includes a telescopic guide column (22). The fixed end of the telescopic guide column (22) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the vertical adjustment box (15), and the telescopic end of the telescopic guide column (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment box (10). When the vertical lifting structure (17) drives the horizontal adjustment box (10) to rise and fall in the vertical direction, the telescopic end of the telescopic guide column (22) extends and falls synchronously with the rise and fall of the horizontal adjustment box (10) and guides the rise and fall of the horizontal adjustment box (10).

7. A tunnel rock mass structure scanning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An environmental detection module (36) is also provided on the installation platform (28). The environmental detection module (36) is connected to the central processing unit (30) by signal. The environmental detection module (36) can detect the temperature, humidity, pressure and magnetic field in the tunnel in real time and transmit the detection results to the central processing unit (30) synchronously.

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