An airborne levitation imaging optical system

Abstract

The application discloses an aerial suspension imaging optical system, which comprises a light-emitting component, a light-splitting component, a reflecting component and an image plane, the light-emitting component is optimized by a blue light protection film, a brightness enhancement film, a polarizer and a 1 / 4 wave plate to generate circularly polarized light, the light-splitting component realizes light path splitting and polarization control by using an intensity light-splitting film, a wave plate combination and a polarizer, the reflecting component controls the light path by a curved substrate and a high reflection film, and finally a suspended real image is formed on the image plane; the system realizes flexible control of magnified, equal or reduced real images through an optical path relationship formula and a magnification formula. The aerial suspension imaging optical system can realize output of a high-brightness suspended image under low energy consumption, blue light protection, efficient conversion of a polarization state, suppression of stray light and free-form surface reflection design, and can be applied to the fields of display and interactive equipment, and has the advantages of clear imaging, eye protection, high brightness, low energy consumption and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular to an aerial levitation imaging optical system, which has advantages such as clear imaging, eye protection, high brightness and low energy consumption, and is suitable for display, interactive devices and other fields. Background Technology

[0002] Aerial imaging technology is one of the most promising emerging display technologies in recent years. It enables images to be displayed while suspended in the air, providing possibilities for immersive interaction. One of the core challenges of aerial imaging technology (also known as "suspended imaging" or "aerial display") is solving the problem of "how to image light without a carrier in the air." Most currently applied aerial imaging technologies rely on some form of intermediate medium to alter the light path, converge light rays, or serve as an imaging carrier, such as holographic projection, fog screen imaging, high-speed rotating screens, and dihedral mirrors. Holographic projection utilizes the principles of light interference and diffraction to record and reproduce the three-dimensional light field information of an object using lasers. It requires a medium such as a holographic film or holographic glass to achieve the levitation effect. Its characteristics include true three-dimensional stereoscopic images, multi-angle viewing, and a high-coherence light source (such as a laser). However, it is sensitive to ambient light interference, has high cost, and is technically complex. Fog screen imaging forms a vertical screen with ultra-fine water mist, and a projector projects images onto the fog screen, utilizing the scattering of light by the fog particles to create the image. Its features include image penetration (people can walk through the fog screen) and a strong sense of immersion, but it relies on stable fog screen generation equipment, is sensitive to environmental humidity, and its resolution is affected by fog particle density.

[0003] High-speed rotating screens create levitation images by rotating an LED array at high speed (like fan blades) and utilizing the persistence of vision. They are characterized by low cost and suitability for two-dimensional or simple three-dimensional effects, but their mechanical structures are prone to wear and tear, pose a risk of movement, and have a limited imaging range (typically a cylindrical space).

[0004] A dihedral mirror uses two mirrors (or a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film) at a specific angle to reflect a physical object or screen image into the air, forming a virtual image. Its advantages include a simple structure and the ability to achieve a "transparent levitation" effect. However, it relies on a dark environment, the image brightness is low, and precise calibration of the mirror angles is required.

[0005] It can be seen that the above-mentioned schemes for light control and imaging display using holographic projection, fog screen imaging, high-speed rotating screen and dihedral reflector have the following defects in the implementation process: (1) Dependence on medium: such as fog screen requires water mist or particles as imaging carrier, which has poor environmental adaptability; (2) Insufficient brightness: traditional beam convergence imaging results in dim suspended images due to light intensity attenuation; (3) Low resolution: limited by optical structure, a balance must be made between diffraction and microstructure size, which makes the image blurry.

[0006] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing an aerial levitation imaging optical system with advantages such as clear imaging, eye protection, high brightness and low energy consumption, which is suitable for display, interactive devices and other fields. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an aerial levitation imaging optical system with advantages such as clear imaging, eye protection, high brightness, and low energy consumption. This system solves the problems of existing aerial levitation imaging technologies, which mainly rely on holographic projection, fog screen imaging, high-speed rotating screens, and dihedral mirrors, and suffer from dependence on media, insufficient brightness, and low resolution.

[0008] Specifically, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing an aerial levitation imaging optical system, comprising: a light-emitting component for emitting visible light; a beam-splitting component for receiving light from the light-emitting component and transmitting it to a reflective component for a first time, and transmitting the light from the reflective component for a third time, while blocking ambient light; a reflective component for receiving and controlling light from the beam-splitting component, transmitting it back to the beam-splitting component for a second time, and then converging it onto an image plane; and an image plane located on the path of the third light transmission, for presenting a levitation real image.

[0009] The optical path lengths between the components satisfy the following relationship: ;in, The optical path length from the light-emitting component (1) to the beam-splitting component (2) is... The optical path length from the beam splitter (2) to the reflector (3) is... The optical path length from the reflector (3) to the beam splitter (2) is... The optical path length from the beam splitter (2) to the image plane (4) is denoted as .

[0010] The image magnification of the aerial levitation imaging optical system satisfies the following relationship: or, .

[0011] Among them, when A magnified real image is formed at the image plane (4).

[0012] when A real image of the same size is formed at the image plane (4).

[0013] when A reduced real image is formed at the image plane (4).

[0014] The aerial levitation imaging optical system can control the magnification, imaging position, and sharpness of the levitation real image by adjusting the relationship between L1, L2, L3, L4 and f.

[0015] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the first conduction is reflection, the second conduction is reflection, and the third conduction is transmission.

[0016] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the first conduction is transmission, the second conduction is reflection, and the third conduction is reflection.

[0017] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the light-emitting component includes: an image source selected from LCD, OLED or an object illuminated by a light source; a blue light blocking film for blocking high-energy short-wave blue light with a wavelength of 415-455nm; and a brightness enhancement film for reducing the light divergence angle to increase the luminous flux per unit area.

[0018] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the light-emitting component further includes: a polarizer whose transmission axis is parallel to the polarization direction of the light emitted from the image source; an optically transparent adhesive; and a quarter-wave plate whose optical axis forms an angle of ±45° or ±135° with the transmission axis of the polarizer, for converting linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.

[0019] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, when the image source is an LCD, the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the transmission axis of the LCD is 0° or ±180°; when the image source is an OLED or the object is illuminated by a light source, the polarizer selectively transmits unpolarized light parallel to the transmission axis.

[0020] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the anti-blue light film is an absorptive or reflective coating; the brightness enhancement film is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0021] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the beam-splitting component includes: a substrate; an intensity beam-splitting film having a transmittance and reflectance sum of 1, and a transmittance range of 0.01%-99.9%; and a first AR film for increasing light transmittance while reducing surface reflection.

[0022] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the beam splitting component further includes: a waveplate selected from full-wave plate, half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate or combination thereof; an optically transparent adhesive; a polarizer whose transmission axis is parallel to the polarization direction of the light emitted from the waveplate; a second AR film for increasing light transmittance while reducing surface reflection; and an AF film with a surface water contact angle >110° and an oil contact angle >70%.

[0023] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light of the intensity beam splitter is 1:1, and the waveplate converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, with the transmission axis of the polarizer aligned with the converted linear polarization direction.

[0024] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the waveplate is any of the following structures: a single-layer quarter-wave plate fixed by optically transparent adhesive; a combination of a half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate connected in the middle by optically transparent adhesive; a combination of a full-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate; or a multi-layer combination of a full-wave plate, a half-wave plate, and a quarter-wave plate.

[0025] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the waveplate combination is used to achieve at least one of the following polarization conversions: circularly polarized light → p-polarized light; circularly polarized light → s-polarized light; multi-level phase delay compensation.

[0026] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the reflective component includes: a substrate having a surface shape of spherical, aspherical, or freeform; and a reflective film layer having a reflectivity range of 0.01%-99.9%, the material of which is selected from aluminum film, silver film, gold film, or dielectric high-reflectivity film.

[0027] The formula for a sphere is: .

[0028] The formula for aspherical surfaces is: .

[0029] Freeform surfaces are selected from XY polynomials, extended polynomials, Zernike polynomials, or Chebyshev polynomials, etc.

[0030] In one embodiment of the aerial levitation imaging optical system according to the present invention, the depth of the levitation real image on the image plane is adjustable, and the adjustment method includes any of the following: changing the distance between the reflective component and the beam splitting component; adjusting the distance between the light-emitting component and the beam splitting component; adjusting the focusing position by changing the curvature of the reflective component.

[0031] Compared with existing technologies, the positive effects of this invention are as follows: The aerial levitation imaging optical system proposed in this invention includes a light-emitting component, a beam-splitting component, a reflective component, and an image plane. The light-emitting component optimizes the light source through an anti-blue light film, a brightness enhancement film, a polarizer, and a quarter-wave plate to generate circularly polarized light. The beam-splitting component utilizes an intensity beam-splitting film, a combination of wave plates, and a polarizer to achieve beam splitting and polarization control. The reflective component controls the light path through a curved substrate and a high-reflectivity film, ultimately forming a levitation real image on the image plane. The aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention utilizes optical path relationship formulas... and the formula for magnification or This invention enables flexible control over magnifying, equalizing, or reducing the size of real images. Its advantages include low-energy output of high-brightness suspended images, blue light protection, efficient polarization state conversion, stray light suppression, and freeform surface reflection design. It features a compact structure, high light efficiency, and excellent imaging brightness and clarity, making it widely applicable in fields such as advertising displays and human-computer interaction. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the light-emitting component in this invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the beam-splitting component in this invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the reflective component in this invention.

[0036] Figure 5 The waveplate structure in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0037] Figure 6 The waveplate structure in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0038] Figure 7 The waveplate structure in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0039] Figure 8 The waveplate structure in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 .

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aerial levitation imaging optical system of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0041] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Light-emitting component, 2-Beam splitting component, 3-Reflective component, 4-Image plane, 11-Image source, 12-Anti-blue light film, 13-Brightness enhancement film, 14-Polarizer, 15-Optical transparent adhesive, 16-1 / 4 wave plate, 22-Intensity beam splitting film, 23-First AR film, 24-Wave plate, 25-Optical transparent adhesive, 26-Polarizer, 27-Second AR film, 28-AF film, 31-Substrate, 32-Reflective film layer. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments of this application. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0043] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more," meaning that in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "a" should not be construed as a limitation on the quantity. "Multiple" means two or more.

[0044] While ordinal numbers such as “first,” “second,” etc., will be used to describe various components, there is no limitation on which components are used herein. The term is used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component, without departing from the teachings of this application. The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0045] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular form also includes the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “having” as used in this specification specify the presence of the described features, numbers, operations, components, elements or combinations thereof, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, operations, components, elements or combinations thereof.

[0046] The following is combined Figure 1-9 The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.

[0047] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aerial levitation imaging optical system with advantages such as clear imaging, eye protection, high brightness and low energy consumption, in order to solve the problems of existing aerial levitation imaging technologies that mainly rely on holographic projection, fog screen imaging, high-speed rotating screens and dihedral mirrors, which are dependent on the medium, have insufficient brightness and low resolution.

[0048] Specifically, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an aerial levitation imaging optical system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: light-emitting component 1, beam-splitting component 2, reflective component 3, and image plane 4.

[0049] Among them: Light-emitting component 1 is used to emit visible light and is an LCD, OLED or an object illuminated by a light source.

[0050] The beam splitter 2 is used to receive light from the light-emitting component 1 and reflect it to the reflector 3, transmit the light from the reflector 3, and at the same time block some ambient light.

[0051] The reflective component 3 receives light from the beam splitter 2 and modulates the light. After being reflected back to the beam splitter 2, the light is transmitted through the beam splitter 2 and converged onto the image plane 4, forming a real image suspended in the air at the image plane 4.

[0052] Furthermore, the positional relationship between the various devices is as follows: .

[0053] The image magnification rate of the aerial levitation imaging optical system is: or, .

[0054] Among them, when A magnified real image is formed at the image plane (4).

[0055] when A real image of the same size is formed at the image plane (4).

[0056] when A reduced real image is formed at the image plane (4).

[0057] Secondly, the present invention provides an aerial levitation imaging optical system, such as... Figure 9 As shown, it includes: light-emitting component 1, beam-splitting component 2, reflective component 3, and image plane 4.

[0058] Among them: Light-emitting component 1 is used to emit visible light and is an LCD, OLED or an object illuminated by a light source.

[0059] The beam splitter 2 is used to receive light from the light-emitting component 1 and transmit it to the reflector 3, reflect the light from the reflector 3, and at the same time block some ambient light.

[0060] The reflector 3 receives light from the beam splitter 2 and modulates the light. After being reflected back to the beam splitter 2, the light is focused onto the image plane 4, forming a real image suspended in the air at the image plane 4.

[0061] Furthermore, the positional relationship between the various devices is as follows: .

[0062] The image magnification rate of the aerial levitation imaging optical system is: or, .

[0063] Among them, when A magnified real image is formed at the image plane (4).

[0064] when A real image of the same size is formed at the image plane (4).

[0065] when A reduced real image is formed at the image plane (4).

[0066] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the light-emitting component 1 includes: an image source 11, a blue light blocking film 12, a brightness enhancement film 13, a polarizer 14, an optically transparent adhesive 15, and a quarter-wave plate 16.

[0067] Wherein: the image source 11 may be an LCD, OLED or an object illuminated by a light source.

[0068] The blue light blocking film 12 can be an absorptive or reflective blue light blocking coating, which prevents some high-energy short-wave blue light (HEV, wavelength about 415-455nm) from entering the human eye through the optical system, thereby reducing the potential impact of blue light on the eyes.

[0069] The brightness enhancement film 13 is used to increase screen brightness, reduce system power consumption, and extend screen lifespan. The brightness enhancement film can focus light and reduce the light divergence angle, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area.

[0070] The polarizer 14 allows light rays with vibration directions parallel to the transmission axis to pass through, which can increase the purity of the light polarization state and reduce stray light in the system and light reflected from the outside to the light-emitting component.

[0071] Furthermore, the light intensity through the polarizer for: .in, The intensity of the light incident on the polarizer. The angle between the polarization direction of the light and the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0072] Furthermore: The light-emitting component is an LCD screen, emitting linearly polarized light (s-polarized or p-polarized light). The angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the transmission axis of the screen is 0° or ±180°. The polarizer can achieve the purity of the polarization state of the light, reduce stray light within the system and light reflected from the outside to the light-emitting component; the light-emitting component is an OLED screen or an object illuminated by a light source, emitting light with disordered polarization state, and light with polarization direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer selectively passes through.

[0073] The optically transparent adhesive 15 is used to bond the quarter-wave plate 16 to the screen.

[0074] The quarter-wave plate 16 can be made of crystalline material or polymer thin film material. It has optical rotation properties, deflecting the phase difference between o-ray and e-ray by π / 2. That is, before passing through the quarter-wave plate 16, the phase difference between o-ray and e-ray is 2nπ (n=0, 1, 2, ...), and after passing through the quarter-wave plate 16, the phase difference between o-ray and e-ray is (2n+1 / 2)π (n=0, 1, 2, ...). Therefore, it can convert the s-polarized light emitted by the screen into circularly polarized light. The angle between the optical axis of the quarter-wave plate 16 and the light transmission axis of the screen is ±45° or ±135°.

[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, the beam splitting component 2 includes: a substrate 21, an intensity beam splitting film 22, a first AR film 23, a waveplate 24, an optically transparent adhesive 25; a polarizer 26, a second AR film 27, and an AF film 28.

[0076] The substrate 21 is used to allow light to pass through and to carry functional film layers, and can be made of optical glass or optical plastic.

[0077] The intensity beam splitter 22 is used to split the light from the light-emitting component, so that some light passes through and some light is reflected. The transmittance range is 0.01%-99.9%, the reflectance range is 99.9%-0.01%, and the transmittance + reflectance = 1.

[0078] The first AR film 23 is an antireflective coating used to increase the light transmittance of the flat plate and reduce surface reflection. By alternately stacking materials with different refractive indices, surface reflection can be reduced from 4% to 0.01%. The relationship between film thickness, refractive index, and light incidence angle is as follows: .

[0079] The waveplate 24 is optically active, causing a certain phase difference between the o-ray and the e-ray. Its material can be a crystalline material or a polymer thin film material, and its type can be a full-wave plate, a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, or a combination thereof.

[0080] Furthermore, a full-wave plate causes a 2nπ (n=0, 1, 2, ...) phase delay between the o-ray and e-ray, which is used to correct or compensate for the phase difference in the optical system; a half-wave plate causes a (2n+1)π (n=0, 1, 2, ...) phase delay between the o-ray and e-ray, which is used to rotate the incident linearly polarized light by a certain angle; a quarter-wave plate causes a (2n+1 / 2)π (n=0, 1, 2, ...) phase delay between the o-ray and e-ray, which is used to realize the mutual conversion between incident linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light.

[0081] Furthermore, waveplate 24 is a quarter-wave plate, used to convert incident circularly polarized light into p-polarized light. For example... Figure 5 As shown, it consists of optically transparent adhesive 241 and a quarter-wave plate 242.

[0082] Furthermore, waveplate 24 is a combination of a half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate, used to convert incident circularly polarized light into s-polarized light. For example... Figure 6 As shown, it consists of optically transparent adhesive 241, half-wave plate 242, optically transparent adhesive 243, and quarter-wave plate 244.

[0083] Furthermore, the positions of the half-wave plate 242 and the quarter-wave plate 244 can be interchanged to achieve the same function.

[0084] Furthermore, waveplate 24 is a combination of a full-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate, used to convert incident circularly polarized light into p-polarized light. For example... Figure 7 As shown, it consists of optically transparent adhesive 241, full-wave plate 242, optically transparent adhesive 243, and quarter-wave plate 244.

[0085] Furthermore, the positions of the full-wave plate 242 and the quarter-wave plate 244 can be interchanged to achieve the same function.

[0086] Furthermore, waveplate 24 is a combination of full-wave plate, half-wave plate, and quarter-wave plate, used to convert incident circularly polarized light into s-polarized light. For example... Figure 8 As shown, it consists of optically transparent adhesive 241, full-wave plate 242, optically transparent adhesive 243, half-wave plate 244, optically transparent adhesive 245, and quarter-wave plate 246.

[0087] Furthermore, the positions of the full-wave plate 242, half-wave plate 244, and quarter-wave plate 246 can be interchanged to achieve the same function.

[0088] The polarizer 26 allows light rays with vibration directions parallel to the transmission axis to pass through, which can increase the purity of the light polarization state and reduce stray light in the system and light reflected from the outside to the light-emitting component.

[0089] Furthermore, the light intensity through the polarizer for: .in, The intensity of the light incident on the polarizer. The angle between the polarization direction of the light and the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0090] Furthermore, the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer 26 and the transmission axis of the waveplate 24 is 0° or ±180°, so that the light intensity incident on the polarizer from the waveplate layer can pass through without loss.

[0091] The second AR film 27 is an antireflective coating used to increase the light transmittance of the flat plate and reduce surface reflection; by alternately stacking materials with different refractive indices, the surface reflection can be reduced from 4% to 0.01%; the relationship between film thickness, refractive index and light incident angle is as follows: .

[0092] The AF film 28 is an anti-fingerprint film, used to give the tablet surface hydrophobic (waterproof) and oleophobic (oil-proof) properties, reducing the adhesion of contaminants such as fingerprints, grease, and sweat to the screen or device surface, reducing the number of times the screen needs to be cleaned, and improving durability.

[0093] Furthermore, the water contact angle (WCA) of the surface of the AF membrane 28 is greater than 110°; the oil contact angle (OCA) is greater than 70°.

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, the reflective component includes: a substrate 31 and a reflective film layer 32.

[0095] The surface shape of the substrate 31 can be spherical, aspherical, or freeform, and the material can be glass, plastic, or metal.

[0096] Furthermore, the formula for a sphere is: .

[0097] The formula for aspherical surfaces is: .

[0098] Freeform surfaces can be XY polynomials, extended polynomials, Zernike polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials, etc. The formula for an XY polynomial is: .

[0099] The extended polynomial formula is: .

[0100] The Zernike polynomial formula is: .

[0101] The Chebyshev polynomial formula is: .

[0102] The reflective film layer 32 is used to regulate light so that the light from the beam splitter is reflected back to the beam splitter. The reflectivity ranges from 0.01% to 99.9%, and its material can be aluminum film, silver film, gold film, or dielectric high reflective film.

[0103] Based on the above-mentioned technical disclosure, in order to further understand the content of the present invention, nine specific embodiments are disclosed as follows: Embodiment 1: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, it is emitted to a brightness enhancement film. The brightness enhancement film is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0104] The brightness enhancement film can concentrate light from the screen with an emission angle of nearly 180° to 90°, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area and thus increasing the brightness. The light from the brightness enhancement film passes through a polarizer, an optical transparent adhesive and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, and then becomes circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0105] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0106] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity passes through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, AR film, and waveplate.

[0107] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0108] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0109] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0110] The reflecting component is a spherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm. Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient .

[0111] Example 2: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, it is emitted to a brightness enhancement film. The brightness enhancement film is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0112] The brightness enhancement film concentrates light from the screen with an emission angle close to 180° to 90°, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area and thus increasing brightness. The light from the brightness enhancement film passes through a polarizer, an optical transparent adhesive, and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, and then becomes circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0113] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0114] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity passes through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, AR film, and waveplate.

[0115] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0116] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0117] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0118] The reflecting component is an aspherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm. Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient The aspheric coefficients of each order are as follows: .

[0119] Example 3: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, it is emitted to a brightness enhancement film. The brightness enhancement film is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0120] The brightness enhancement film concentrates light from the screen with an emission angle close to 180° to 90°, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area and thus increasing brightness. The light from the brightness enhancement film passes through a polarizer, an optical transparent adhesive, and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, and then becomes circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0121] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0122] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity passes through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, AR film, and waveplate.

[0123] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0124] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0125] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0126] The reflecting component is a freeform surface mirror with a focal length of 150mm and an extended polynomial surface shape. Wherein, the radius of curvature R = -113.628 mm, the conic coefficient K = -0.960, and the coefficients of each polynomial are as follows: .

[0127] Example 4: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, the light then passes through a polarizer, an optical transparent adhesive, and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, becoming circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0128] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0129] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity passes through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, AR film, and waveplate.

[0130] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0131] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0132] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0133] The reflecting component is a spherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm.

[0134] Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient .

[0135] Example 5: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, the light then passes through a polarizer, an optical transparent adhesive, and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, becoming circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0136] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0137] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity passes through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, AR film, and waveplate.

[0138] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0139] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0140] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0141] The reflecting component is an aspherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm.

[0142] Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient The aspheric coefficients of each order are as follows: .

[0143] Example 6: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, the light then passes through a polarizer, an optical transparent adhesive, and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, becoming circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0144] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0145] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity passes through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, AR film, and waveplate.

[0146] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0147] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0148] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0149] The reflecting component is a freeform surface mirror with a focal length of 150mm and an extended polynomial surface shape. Wherein, the radius of curvature R = -113.628 mm, the conic coefficient K = -0.960, and the coefficients of each polynomial are as follows: .

[0150] Example 7: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is p-polarized light with a polarization direction parallel to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, it is emitted to a brightness enhancement film. The brightness enhancement film is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0151] The brightness enhancement film concentrates light from the screen with an emission angle close to 180° to 90°, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area and thus increasing brightness. The light from the brightness enhancement film passes through a polarizer, an optically transparent adhesive, and a quarter-wave plate in sequence, and then becomes circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light from the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0152] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is transmitted into the reflector and then reflected into the intensity beam splitter 22.

[0153] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity is reflected again and converges on image plane 4, forming a real image at image plane 4.

[0154] In this embodiment, the waveplate layer is a quarter-waveplate, which converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light parallel to the paper surface.

[0155] The linearly polarized light enters the polarizer, passes through the AF film, and then exits the system.

[0156] In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light makes an angle of 0° or ±180° with the transmission axis of the polarizer.

[0157] The reflecting component is a spherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm.

[0158] Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient .

[0159] The difference between Embodiment 7 and Embodiment 1 is that: in Embodiment 1, the intensity beam-splitting film 22 of the beam-splitting component 2 is located near the image source, and the reflective component 3 is located on the reflection path of the beam-splitting component 2; while in Embodiment 7, the intensity beam-splitting film 22 of the beam-splitting component 2 is located away from the image source, and the reflective component 3 is located on the transmission path of the beam-splitting component 2; the light emitted by the image source component in Embodiment 1 is s-polarized light, while the light emitted by the image source component in Embodiment 7 is p-polarized light.

[0160] Example 8: In a typical embodiment, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system of the present invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is s-polarized light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the paper surface; after passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, it is emitted to a brightness enhancement film, which is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0161] The brightness enhancement film concentrates light from the screen with an emission angle of nearly 180° to 90°, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area and thus increasing the brightness; in this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0162] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is reflected into the reflector and then reflected again into the intensity beam splitter.

[0163] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity is transmitted through the intensity beam splitter, substrate, and AR film.

[0164] The reflecting component is a spherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm.

[0165] Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient .

[0166] The difference between this embodiment eight and embodiment one is that the image source component in embodiment one has a polarizer and a quarter-wave plate; the image source component in embodiment eight removes the polarizer and the quarter-wave plate, and the beam splitting component only includes a substrate 21, a beam splitting film 22, and an AR film 23.

[0167] Example 9: In a typical embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the light source of the aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention is an LCD screen, and the emitted light is p-polarized light with a polarization direction parallel to the paper surface. After passing through an absorptive anti-blue light film to reduce the harmful high-energy short-wave blue light (415-455nm) to the human eye, it is emitted to a brightness enhancement film. The brightness enhancement film is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

[0168] The brightness enhancement film concentrates light from the screen with an emission angle of nearly 180° to 90°, thereby increasing the luminous flux per unit area and thus increasing the brightness; in this embodiment, the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter is 1:1.

[0169] The circularly polarized light enters the beam splitter, and 50% of the light intensity is transmitted into the reflector and then reflected into the intensity beam splitter 22.

[0170] Subsequently, 50% of the light intensity is reflected again and converges on image plane 4, forming a real image at image plane 4.

[0171] The reflecting component is a spherical mirror with a focal length of 150mm.

[0172] Among them, the radius of curvature Conic coefficient .

[0173] The difference between Embodiment Nine and Embodiment Seven is that the image source assembly in Embodiment Seven has a polarizer and a quarter-wave plate; the image source assembly in Embodiment Nine removes the polarizer and the quarter-wave plate, and the beam splitting assembly only includes a substrate 21, a beam splitting film 22, and an AR film 23.

[0174] Compared with existing technologies, the positive effects of this invention are as follows: The aerial levitation imaging optical system proposed in this invention includes a light-emitting component, a beam-splitting component, a reflective component, and an image plane. The light-emitting component optimizes the light source through an anti-blue light film, a brightness enhancement film, a polarizer, and a quarter-wave plate to generate circularly polarized light. The beam-splitting component utilizes an intensity beam-splitting film, a combination of wave plates, and a polarizer to achieve beam splitting and polarization control. The reflective component controls the light path through a curved substrate and a high-reflectivity film, ultimately forming a levitation real image on the image plane. The aerial levitation imaging optical system in this invention utilizes optical path relationship formulas... and the formula for magnification or This invention enables flexible control over magnifying, equalizing, or reducing the size of real images. Its advantages include low-energy output of high-brightness suspended images, blue light protection, efficient polarization state conversion, stray light suppression, and freeform surface reflection design. It features a compact structure, high light efficiency, and excellent imaging brightness and clarity, making it widely applicable in fields such as advertising displays and human-computer interaction.

[0175] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0176] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems or apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0177] It should be understood that in this invention, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0178] It should also be noted that, in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0179] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0180] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this invention may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An aerial levitation imaging optical system, characterized in that, include: Light-emitting component (1), used to emit visible light; The beam splitter (2) is used to receive light from the light-emitting component (1) and transmit it to the reflector (3) for the first time, and transmit the light from the reflector (3) for the third time, while blocking ambient light. The reflective component (3) is used to receive and regulate the light from the beam splitter (2), and after being transmitted back to the beam splitter (2) for the second time, it is converged on the image plane (4) by the beam splitter. Image plane (4) is located on the path of the third transmission of light and is used to present a suspended real image; The optical path lengths between the components satisfy the following relationship: ; in, The optical path length from the light-emitting component (1) to the beam-splitting component (2) is... The optical path length from the beam splitter (2) to the reflector (3) is... The optical path length from the reflector (3) to the beam splitter (2) is... The optical path length from the beam splitter (2) to the image plane (4); The image magnification of the aerial levitation imaging optical system satisfies the following relationship: or ; Among them, when A magnified real image is formed at the image plane (4); when A real image of the same size is formed at the image plane (4); when A reduced real image is formed at the image plane (4).

2. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conduction is reflection, the second conduction is reflection, and the third conduction is transmission; Alternatively, the first conduction may be transmission, the second conduction may be reflection, and the third conduction may be reflection.

3. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-emitting component (1) includes: Image source (11) is selected from LCD, OLED or objects illuminated by a light source; Anti-blue light film (12) is used to block high-energy short-wave blue light with wavelengths of 415-455nm; Brightness enhancement film (13) is used to reduce the light divergence angle to increase the luminous flux per unit area.

4. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light-emitting component (1) further includes: A polarizer whose transmission axis is parallel to the polarization direction of the light emitted from the image source; Optical transparent adhesive; A quarter-wave plate, with its optical axis at an angle of ±45° or ±135° to the transmission axis of the polarizer, is used to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.

5. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the image source (11) is an LCD, the angle between the light transmission axis of the polarizer and the light transmission axis of the LCD is 0° or ±180°; when the image source is an OLED or the light source illuminates the object, the polarizer selectively transmits unpolarized light parallel to the light transmission axis. The blue light blocking film (12) is an absorptive or reflective coating. The brightness enhancement film (13) is used to adjust the light emission angle and reduce the light divergence angle to increase the display brightness.

6. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The beam splitting component (2) includes: substrate; The intensity-dispersive film (22) has a transmittance and reflectance sum of 1, and a transmittance range of 0.01%-99.9%. The first AR film (23) is used to increase light transmittance while reducing surface reflection.

7. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The beam splitting component (2) further includes: Wave plate, selected from full-wave plate, half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate or a combination thereof; Optical transparent adhesive; A polarizer whose transmission axis is parallel to the polarization direction of the light emitted from the waveplate; The second AR film is used to increase light transmittance while reducing surface reflection; AF film has a water contact angle >110° and an oil contact angle >70%. The ratio of transmitted light to reflected light in the intensity beam splitter (22) is 1:1, and the waveplate converts the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light. The transmission axis of the polarizer is consistent with the converted linear polarization direction.

8. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The waveplate (24) can be any of the following structures: A single-layer 1 / 4 wave plate, fixed with optically transparent adhesive; A half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate are combined and connected in the middle by an optically transparent adhesive. Combination of full-wave plate and quarter-wave plate; Multi-layer combinations of full-wave plates, half-wave plates, and quarter-wave plates; The waveplate (24) is used to achieve at least one of the following polarization conversions: Circularly polarized light → p-polarized light; Circularly polarized light → s-polarized light; Multi-level phase delay compensation.

9. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective component (3) includes: The substrate has a surface shape that is spherical, aspherical, or freeform. The reflective film layer (32) has a reflectivity range of 0.01%-99.9%, and its material is selected from aluminum film, silver film, gold film or dielectric high reflective film; The formula for a sphere is: ; The formula for aspherical surfaces is: ; Freeform surfaces are selected from XY polynomials, extended polynomials, Zernike polynomials, or Chebyshev polynomials, etc.

10. The aerial levitation imaging optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the suspended real image on the image plane (4) is adjustable, and the adjustment method includes any of the following: Change the distance between the reflective component (3) and the beam splitting component (2); Adjust the distance between the light-emitting component (1) and the beam-splitting component (2); The focus position is adjusted by the curvature change of the reflective component (3).

Images