Energy acquisition and vibration sensing device and system for power transmission line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction power generation, in particular to an energy collection and vibration sensing device and system for a transmission line, which comprises a shell, a vibration sensor arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, and energy collectors arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the vibration sensor respectively. The vibration sensor comprises a balancing weight, and elastic pieces are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the balancing weight and the adjacent energy collectors respectively. A positive friction piece is installed on the outer ring of the balancing weight, and a negative friction piece is installed on the inner wall of the shell. The positive friction piece can move up and down along with the balancing weight and make contact with the negative friction piece so as to generate electric signals. The energy collector comprises a positive electrode power generation membrane group and a negative electrode power generation membrane group which are oppositely arranged up and down and can make contact with each other and achieve friction power generation, one of the positive electrode power generation membrane group and the negative electrode power generation membrane group abuts against the shell, and the other abuts against the end, away from the balancing weight, of the elastic piece.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of friction power generation, in particular to an energy collection and vibration sensing device and system for power transmission line. BACKGROUND

[0002] The power transmission line is the main artery of power transportation, and its safe and reliable operation is related to the safety of the power system. A large number of sensors are used for monitoring the power transmission line, including vibration sensors, acceleration sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, etc. Through the monitoring of these parameters, the line state can be accurately perceived, and the basis for subsequent maintenance and repair can be provided.

[0003] In the related technical solution, a vibration sensor and an energy catcher (i.e. a power generation device) are arranged on the power transmission circuit. The energy catcher can receive the vibration of the power transmission line and convert it into electrical energy. The vibration sensor can monitor the vibration of the power transmission line and transmit the vibration signal to a remote monitoring terminal, so as to monitor the vibration of the power transmission line and facilitate early safety warning.

[0004] However, in the above technical solution, the vibration sensor and the energy catcher are completely separated and arranged, and are respectively installed on the power transmission line, which causes the installation process to be more complicated and cannot realize the effect of integrated structure installation. If the shells of the two are simply fixed together, the volume and weight of the formed integrated structure will be large, the integration effect will be poor, and further miniaturization design will be inconvenient. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome or at least alleviate the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides an energy collection and vibration sensing device and system for power transmission line.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy collection and vibration sensing device for power transmission line, comprising a shell, a vibration sensor and energy collectors arranged above and below the vibration sensor in the inner cavity of the shell. The vibration sensor comprises a counterweight, and elastic members are arranged between the upper and lower ends of the counterweight and the adjacent energy collectors, respectively. A positive electrode friction member is mounted on the outer circle of the counterweight, and a negative electrode friction member is mounted on the inner wall of the shell. The positive electrode friction member can move up and down with the counterweight and contact the negative electrode friction member to generate an electrical signal. The energy collector comprises a positive electrode power generation film group and a negative electrode power generation film group arranged oppositely and capable of contacting and realizing friction power generation, one of the positive electrode power generation film group and the negative electrode power generation film group is abutted with the shell, and the other is abutted with the end of the elastic member away from the counterweight.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present application provides a monitoring system which utilizes the power collector and vibration sensor device for power transmission lines of the first aspect, and further comprises a sensor assembly powered by the power collector, which includes but is not limited to one or more of an acceleration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0008] The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0009] (1) In this scheme, the vibration sensor and the energy collector are arranged in the same housing, and the energy collector is arranged at both ends of the counterweight in the vibration sensor, and the counterweight and the energy collector are filled with elastic members. In addition, the outer circle of the counterweight is installed with a positive friction member, and the inner wall of the housing is installed with a negative friction member. In this arrangement, during the process of fixing the housing to the power transmission line and swinging with the power transmission circuit, the counterweight will displace in the up-down direction between the housing due to its own inertia, and the displacement of the counterweight will cause the positive friction member to rub against the negative friction member, generating a monitorable vibration signal; on the other hand, the energy collectors at both ends will be alternately pressed by the elastic members, so that the up-down swing of the power transmission line can be captured by the counterweight to be transmitted to the energy collector for power generation.

[0010] That is, in this scheme, the combination of spring and counterweight makes the counterweight play a role in both the energy collector and the vibration sensor, which can fully capture the vibration signals and energy of the up-down swing of the power transmission line. And because of the sharing of the counterweight, the volume of the integrated energy collector and vibration sensor can be effectively reduced, facilitating miniaturization design.

[0011] (2) In this scheme, the monitoring system includes the above-mentioned energy collector, and further includes multiple sensors in the sensor assembly, so as to facilitate power supply to different sensors by the energy collector, so that the monitoring system can monitor more parameter information of the power transmission line to facilitate early safety warning of power transmission line failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 is an axial side view of the counterweight, spring and stop plate and other parts of the structure in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0014] Figure 3 is an axial side view of the housing in embodiment 1 of the present application, with the end plate and the energy collector removed;

[0015] Figure 4 is a front view of the energy collector in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0016] Figure 5 is the axial side schematic view of the energy collector in embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0017] Figure 6 is the structural schematic view of the energy management circuit in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0018] Figure 7 is the test schematic view of the sensor performance in embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0019] Figure 8 is the schematic view of the current and amplitude correspondence of the vibration sensor in embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0020] Figure 9 is the output voltage performance comparison chart of the upper and lower energy collectors in embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0021] List of reference signs: 1, PTFE film; 2, rabbit hair; 3, aluminum foil; 4, shell; 5, lower energy collector; 6, lower spring; 7, counterweight; 8, upper spring; 9, upper energy collector; 10, stop plate; 901, first metal electrode; 902, butyronitrile film; 903, silica gel film; 904, second metal electrode; 905, PI film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The exemplary embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific description is only for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement the present application, and is not intended to exhaust all possible ways of the present application, nor to limit the scope of the present application.

[0023] The power transmission line under the uniform breeze action, the periodic Karman vortex occurs on the downwind side of the conductor and excites the up and down vibration of the conductor. Long-term vibration will cause the conductor to fatigue and break, damage the vibration prevention device, insulator and hardware, loosen the fastening bolt, and wear the conductor, etc. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the vibration of the power transmission line. That is, the vibration monitored by the vibration sensor and the energy collected by the energy collector in the present application are the up and down vibration of the power transmission line.

[0024] In order to monitor the vibration of the power transmission line and collect energy, as shown in 1- Figure 6As shown, the embodiment provides a power line energy harvesting and vibration sensor device, which comprises a shell 4, a vibration sensor arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 4, and energy harvesters arranged at the upper and lower ends of the vibration sensor respectively. The vibration sensor comprises a counterweight 7, and elastic members are arranged between the upper and lower ends of the counterweight 7 and the adjacent energy harvesters respectively. A positive electrode friction member is mounted on the outer ring of the counterweight 7, and a negative electrode friction member is mounted on the inner wall of the shell 4. The positive electrode friction member can move up and down with the counterweight 7 and contact the negative electrode friction member to generate an electric signal. The energy harvester comprises a positive electrode power generation film group and a negative electrode power generation film group arranged oppositely and capable of contacting and realizing friction power generation, one of the positive electrode power generation film group and the negative electrode power generation film group is abutted against the shell 4, and the other is abutted against the end of the elastic member away from the counterweight 7.

[0025] The outer side wall of the shell 4 is fixed to the outer wall of the power line to be monitored. Specifically, the fixed position of the shell 4 to the power line can be the middle part or the upper and lower ends of the shell 4, and the fixed mode can be the combination of fastening bolts and clamping plates, one of which is welded or glued to the shell 4, the power line is clamped between the two clamping plates, and then the two clamping plates are fixed by the fastening bolts.

[0026] As can be known, the counterweight 7 is installed in the inner part of the shell 4, and the counterweight 7 and the upper and lower ends of the shell 4 (i.e. the two energy harvesters between the counterweight 7 and the upper and lower ends of the shell 4) are only provided with elastic members capable of telescopic abutment. When the shell 4 swings up and down with the power line, the counterweight 7 will basically remain in the original position due to the existence of inertia, or change some positions under the influence of the elastic members and its own gravity, but the change in the vertical position of the counterweight 7 is lower than the swing height of the shell 4. At this time, the counterweight 7 can slide up and down relative to the shell 4.

[0027] The current signal generation process of the vibration sensor is as follows: first, the rabbit hair and the PTFE film 1 are in contact, at this time, opposite charges will be induced on the film and the electrode, when the rabbit hair layer slides and the stator moves relatively, the positive and negative charges generated by contact are separated, so that a potential difference is generated between the two friction layers, and an output voltage is generated to the external circuit. Due to the periodic motion, the continuous sliding of the rabbit hair layer and the PTFE film produces alternating current output.

[0028] The current generation process of the energy harvester is as follows: when in contact, the nitrile film 902 and the biochar / silica gel film will induce opposite charges due to the difference in electronegativity, and when the films are separated, the flow of charges will be generated on the external circuit, thereby generating a voltage, and an alternating output can be obtained during the contact and separation process.

[0029] In this embodiment, the positive friction member is rabbit hair arranged on the outer circle of the counterweight 7, and the negative friction member includes an aluminum foil 3 attached to the inner wall of the shell 4 and a PTFE film 1 attached to the inner side surface of the aluminum foil 3.

[0030] Specifically, the counterweight 7 is selected to have a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, and is made of stainless steel. The rabbit hair has a width of 10 mm, which is the same as the thickness of the counterweight 7, and a length of 9.4 mm, which is the circumference of the counterweight 7. The spring is selected to have a base of 25 mm. The middle part has a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 25 mm, and is made of stainless steel.

[0031] Specifically, the aluminum foil 3 forms an electrode with a width of 14 mm, and the PTFE film 1 is attached to the electrode, with a width of 30 mm.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cross section of the counterweight 7 has the same profile as the cross section of the shell 4, and the gap between the two has a constant thickness. The elastic member is a spring, and the end of the spring is provided with a stop plate 10 that abuts against the energy collector.

[0033] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , the energy collector above the counterweight 7 is the upper energy collector 9, and the energy collector below the counterweight 7 is the lower energy collector 5. More specifically, the upper energy collector 9 and the counterweight 7 are connected by the upper spring 8, and the lower energy collector 5 and the counterweight 7 are connected by the lower spring 6.

[0034] As a specific structure, the cross section of the counterweight 7 and the shell 4 are both circular, that is, the counterweight 7 is a cylindrical block, and the shell 4 is a cylindrical shape. The counterweight 7 and the shell 4 form an annular gap to facilitate the installation of the rabbit hair and the aluminum foil 3 and the PTFE film 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, the positive power generation film group includes a nitrile film 902 and a first metal electrode 901 attached to the outer side surface of the nitrile film 902, and the negative power generation film group includes a silica gel film 903 and a second metal electrode 904 attached to the outer side surface of the silica gel film 903. The silica gel film 903 is doped with biochar.

[0036] In this embodiment, the energy collector includes a flat and flexible support ring, and the support ring has two flat plate parts arranged opposite to each other, and the two flat plate parts are respectively attached and fixed to the first metal electrode 901 and the second metal electrode 904.

[0037] Specifically, the size of the support ring is 25 mm in length, 25 mm in width, and 3 mm in height. The support ring is the outermost ring of the energy harvester, and the size of the support ring is the size of the entire energy harvester. Specifically, the support ring described above is packaged with a PI film 905 for flexible packaging.

[0038] In this embodiment, the support ring includes two arc-shaped portions, the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped portion faces the inner cavity of the support ring, and the arc-shaped portion is connected to the end portion of the two plate portions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the shell 4 includes a cylinder with the axis arranged vertically, and the upper and lower ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with end covers, and the two end covers are respectively abutted against the adjacent energy harvesters. At least one of the end covers is detachably connected with the shell 4.

[0040] Specifically, the bottom diameter of the shell 4 is 40 mm, and the height is 50 mm. The weight of the entire device is finally 90 g.

[0041] In some other embodiments, the shell 4 here can adopt a square cylinder or an elliptical cylinder or other shapes, as long as the shape and size of the counterweight 7 are adapted to the shape and size of the shell 4.

[0042] In this embodiment, the energy harvester further includes an energy management circuit, which includes a full-bridge rectifier, a first capacitor, a thyristor rectifier, an inductor, and a second capacitor arranged in sequence.

[0043] When the positive electrode power generation film group and the negative electrode power generation film group of the energy harvester generate current, the current enters the energy management circuit, first passes through the full-bridge rectifier to convert the voltage into direct current, the first capacitor is used to smooth the output voltage, the output voltage is limited through the intermediate thyristor rectifier, the inductor is used to obtain stable output current, and finally a large second capacitor is charged to store energy for powering various sensors.

[0044] The embodiment also provides a monitoring system using the power transmission line energy harvesting and vibration sensing device of the first aspect, which further includes a sensor assembly powered by the energy harvester, and the sensor assembly includes one or more of an acceleration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] In this embodiment, the performance of the vibration sensor in Embodiment 1 is tested by using an SZ-C model electromagnetic vibration test bench produced by a certain company. The sensor response at different frequencies is tested by the frequency of the vibration test bench, and the results are shown in Figure 7 The sensor can accurately perceive the vibration signals at different frequencies and achieve a sensitivity of 28 nA / Hz.

[0047] The amplitude and frequency of the transmission line affect the size of the output current, and the judgment of the amplitude can be made in the following ways: 1. The accurate frequency at this time is obtained through FFT transformation; 2. The amplitude at this time is obtained through the comparison of the current change under different amplitudes (such as 3mm, 4mm, 5mm and 6mm as shown in the figure) shown in FIG. 6. Figure 8

[0048] Finally, by using the SZ-C type electromagnetic vibration test bench, by controlling the frequency of the vibration test bench to be 30Hz and the amplitude to be 1.5mm, the output performance of the energy collectors located at the top and the bottom is also tested in this embodiment, and the test results are shown in FIG. 8. In this case, the open circuit voltage of the energy collector can reach 80V and 50V. This is mainly due to the fact that the weight 7 will cause the bottom energy collector to bear more pressure during the falling, so it has greater output performance. Figure 9

[0049] Embodiment 3

[0050] The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, the difference lies in that, based on the problem of different voltage output performance of the upper energy collector and the lower energy collector in embodiment 2, in order to make the energy output performance of the two closer, in this embodiment: the distance between the weight 7 and the energy collector above it is H1, and the distance between the weight 7 and the energy collector below it is H2, H1 is less than H2, in the state without pressure.

[0051] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various combinations and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application under the guidance of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application.​​

Claims

1. An energy collection and vibration sensing device for a power transmission line, characterized in that: It includes a housing, an inner cavity of which is provided with a vibration sensor, and energy harvesters respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the vibration sensor; The vibration sensor includes a counterweight, with elastic members respectively provided between the upper and lower ends of the counterweight and the adjacent energy harvester; a positive friction member is mounted on the outer ring of the counterweight, and a negative friction member is mounted on the inner wall of the housing; the positive friction member can move up and down with the counterweight and contact the negative friction member to generate an electrical signal; The energy harvester includes a positive power generation membrane group and a negative power generation membrane group that are arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower manner and can contact and realize friction power generation. One of the positive power generation membrane group and the negative power generation membrane group is stopped against the outer shell, and the other is stopped against the end of the elastic member away from the counterweight block.

2. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode friction member is rabbit hair, and the negative electrode friction member includes aluminum foil and a PTFE film attached to the inner side of the aluminum foil.

3. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for a power transmission line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The counterweight block has the same contour shape as the cross section of the shell, and the gap thickness between the two is a constant value; the elastic member is a spring, and a stop plate is installed at the end thereof.

4. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode power generation membrane group includes a nitrile film and a first metal electrode that are bonded together, and the negative electrode power generation membrane group includes a silicone film and a second metal electrode that are bonded together, and the silicone film is doped with biochar.

5. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for transmission lines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy harvester comprises a flexible support ring in a flat ring shape, wherein the support ring has two flat plate portions arranged opposite to each other, and the two flat plate portions are respectively fitted to fix the first metal electrode and the second metal electrode.

6. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for transmission lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support ring includes two arc-shaped parts, the inner arc surfaces of the arc-shaped parts face the inner cavity of the support ring, and the arc-shaped parts are connected to the ends of the two flat plate parts.

7. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell comprises a vertical cylinder, and end covers for abutting against adjacent energy collectors are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, and at least one of the end covers is detachably connected to the shell.

8. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy harvester further includes an energy management circuit, which includes a full-bridge rectifier, a first capacitor, a thyristor rectifier, an inductor and a second capacitor arranged in sequence.

9. The energy collection and vibration sensing device for a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a non-pressurized state, the distance between the counterweight block and the upper energy harvester is H1, and the distance between the counterweight block and the lower energy harvester is H2, where H1 is smaller than H2.

10. A monitoring system, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor component, which is powered by the energy collection and vibration sensing device for the transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the sensor component includes but is not limited to one or more of an acceleration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

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