Weeding machine for rubber planting and weeding method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a weeding machine for rubber planting and a weeding method. The weeding machine for rubber planting comprises a rack serving as an overall supporting structure of the weeding machine; the swinging arm is connected to the rack; the swinging arm is connected to the lower portion of the rack, the mowing cutter head is connected to the lower portion of the swinging arm and the lower portion of the rack, and the reset spring is connected to the rack and the swinging arm; the active avoiding structure comprises a mounting seat, a pressing structure, a roller, a speed change structure, a cam, a conversion structure and a pushing plate; according to the invention, the traditional'collision-reaction 'passive logic is completely abandoned, a pure mechanical distance measuring and triggering mechanism is creatively adopted, and the process does not need any contact with trees, so that the problems of bending and avoidance failure caused by small and soft trees are radically eradicated, the collision, scraping and cutting damage of a mowing cutter head to trunks are avoided, and the mowing efficiency is improved. The economic value of the rubber tree is effectively protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a weeding machine for rubber planting and a weeding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rubber plantation inter-row weeding is an important and frequent task in rubber tree maintenance and management, which aims to remove weeds that compete with rubber trees for water and fertilizer, while maintaining water and soil. At present, common weeding methods include manual weeding, chemical agent weeding and mechanical weeding. Manual weeding is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity and cost; although chemical agent weeding is high in efficiency, it may lead to soil compaction, drug residue and environmental pollution, and may have potential impact on the growth of rubber trees. Therefore, efficient and environmentally friendly mechanical weeding methods are increasingly favored;

[0003] In the prior art, inter-row weeding machines for plantations mostly use rotating cutter heads or flail cutters for work, and their working modes are mainly divided into two categories: one is to continuously rotate the cutter head for indiscriminate cutting, this type of method has high power consumption, and will also work on areas that do not need weeding (such as areas close to the tree trunk), which has a significant risk of damaging the rubber tree trunk; the other type is equipped with a simple avoidance mechanism, which is usually passive collision type, i.e. the avoidance is achieved by bouncing up after the cutter head encounters an obstacle. However, this collision avoidance method has the problems of action lag, large impact force, low reliability and may still cause scratches on the surface protective layer of the obstacle (tree);

[0004] In particular, for a standardized plantation like a rubber plantation with regular planting row distance and fixed plant spacing, the above mechanical weeding methods are not intelligent and efficient enough, and the avoidance mechanism needs to be in contact with the trees planted in the rubber plantation to form passive avoidance, in this process, the small rubber tree trunks will bend instead of effectively pushing the avoidance mechanism when impacted, resulting in delayed, insufficient or even completely ineffective avoidance actions, ultimately causing the grass cutting cutter head to come into contact with the trees, causing damage to the bark and affecting the growth and economic value of the rubber trees;

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a purely mechanical weeding device that can adapt to the environment of a standardized plantation, accurately trigger at a precise time without the need for electronic sensors, have reliable actions and effectively protect the trunks of crop trees, to make up for the above shortcomings of the prior art. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application is directed to the prior art for planting such as rubber garden planting row distance specification, fixed spacing standardization of plantations, the above-mentioned mechanical weeding method is not intelligent and efficient, and the avoidance mechanism needs to contact with the trees planted in the rubber garden, forming passive avoidance, and in the avoidance process, the small rubber trees are bent due to contact, resulting in passive avoidance effect not ideal, resulting in the problem of contact between the mower and the trees, and the following technical scheme is proposed:

[0007] A weeding machine for rubber planting, comprising:

[0008] A rack as a whole support structure of the weeding machine;

[0009] A swing arm connected to the rack;

[0010] A mower disc connected below the swing arm and the rack for weeding;

[0011] A return spring connected to the rack and the swing arm for driving the swing arm to reset;

[0012] The active avoidance structure comprises a mounting seat, a pressing structure, a roller, a speed change structure, a cam, a conversion structure and a push plate;

[0013] The mounting seat is connected below the rack;

[0014] The pressing structure is connected to the mounting seat for providing continuous pressure to ensure that the roller is reliably attached to the ground;

[0015] The speed change structure is connected to the mounting seat through the pressing structure for transmitting the rotation of the roller after conversion according to the preset transmission ratio;

[0016] The roller is connected to the speed change structure for converting the traveling distance of the frame into rotary motion;

[0017] The cam is connected to the speed change structure for converting the rotary motion after speed change into periodic power for triggering avoidance;

[0018] The conversion structure is connected to the cam for converting the rotary motion of the cam into linear motion;

[0019] The push plate is connected through the conversion structure and the cam for actively pushing the swing arm to swing;

[0020] The pressing structure drives the roller to attach to the ground through the speed change structure, the rack drives the roller to rotate when walking, the roller drives the speed change structure to run when rotating, the speed change structure drives the conversion structure to run through the cam when running, and the conversion structure actively pushes the swing arm to swing through the push plate when running.

[0021] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the pressing structure comprises:

[0022] A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the mounting base.

[0023] A connecting strip is arranged outside the rotating rod.

[0024] A rotating rod penetrates through the connecting strip.

[0025] An arc spring is connected to the rotating rod and the mounting base.

[0026] The roller and the rotating rod are fixedly connected.

[0027] The arc spring drives the rotating rod to rotate, and when the rotating rod rotates, the roller is driven to adhere to the ground through the connecting strip and the rotating rod.

[0028] A rotating column is rotatably connected to the rotating rod and used to connect to the speed change structure.

[0029] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the speed change structure comprises:

[0030] A positioning cover is arranged outside the rotating rod and the rotating column.

[0031] A protective cover is arranged outside the rotating rod and the rotating column.

[0032] A speed change gear is arranged outside the rotating rod and the rotating column and located between the positioning cover and the protective cover.

[0033] A chain is arranged outside two speed change gears.

[0034] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the speed change gears are arranged in two groups, and each group of the speed change gears is composed of three gears with different diameters.

[0035] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the bottom end of the rack is provided with an output transmission device through a screw, and the input end of the output transmission device is connected to the rotating column through a flat key.

[0036] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, a connecting structure is arranged between the cam and the output transmission device, and the connecting structure comprises:

[0037] A rhombic body is connected to the output end of the output transmission device, and the cam is arranged outside the rhombic body.

[0038] An extension piece is connected to the outside of the output transmission device.

[0039] A connecting piece is arranged inside the cam and connected to the extension piece.

[0040] As the preferred technical solution of the above, the conversion structure comprises:

[0041] A rack is arranged inside the frame;

[0042] A first gear is arranged inside the frame and engages with the top end of the outer surface of the rack;

[0043] A second gear is arranged inside the frame and engages with the outer side of the first gear;

[0044] The outer side of the second gear engages with the bottom end of the push plate.

[0045] As the preferred technical solution of the above, the cam is embedded with extrusion pieces equidistantly near one end of the output transmission, and the same friction ring is connected between the plurality of extrusion pieces.

[0046] The application also provides a use method of the above rubber planting weeding machine, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1, row spacing setting and equipment preparation: according to the standard planting row spacing of rubber trees, the transmission ratio of the transmission structure is set by replacing the variable gear set, so that the roller travels a distance equal to the distance between two rubber trees when the cam rotates one revolution;

[0048] S2, equipment travel and distance measurement: start the weeding machine and make it travel along the direction between the rows of rubber trees; the movement of the frame drives the roller to roll closely to the ground, and the arc spring in the pressing structure continuously provides pressure to ensure that the roller and the ground are in reliable contact without slipping; the rotation of the roller is transmitted and converted through the transmission structure;

[0049] S3, signal conversion and triggering: the rotary motion converted by the transmission structure is transmitted to the cam through the connecting structure to drive it to rotate; when the cam rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the rotary motion is converted into linear motion through the conversion structure to drive the push plate to displace;

[0050] S4, active avoidance action execution: the displacement of the push plate actively hits and pushes the swing arm, which drives the grass cutting cutter to swing away from the trunk of the rubber tree, realizing active avoidance;

[0051] S5, automatic reset: when the cam passes the maximum lift point, the reset spring releases the elastic potential energy to drive the swing arm and the grass cutting cutter to reset to the initial working position, waiting for the next triggering;

[0052] S6, cyclic operation: repeat steps S2 to S5, so that the weeding machine performs active avoidance swing once every time it encounters a rubber tree during travel, completing efficient and lossless inter-row weeding operation.

[0053] The present application has the following advantages:

[0054] (1) The present application completely abandons the traditional "collision-reaction" passive logic, and creatively adopts a pure mechanical ranging and triggering mechanism. The process does not require any contact with the trees, fundamentally eliminating the problem of bending and avoiding failure caused by the small and soft trees. It avoids the collision, scratching and cutting damage of the tree trunk by the mower disc, effectively protecting the economic value of the rubber trees.

[0055] (2) By replacing the variable speed gear set, the transmission ratio can be easily adjusted to adapt to different spacing standardized rubber plantation patterns. In addition, through the connecting structure between the cam and the output transmission, the operator can quickly realize the combination and separation of the cam, thereby flexibly starting or pausing the avoidance function to adapt to non-standard spacing plots or special operation needs, improving the versatility and practicality of the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a weeding machine for rubber planting in Example 1 is shown.

[0057] Figure 2 A bottom view of a weeding machine for rubber planting in Example 1 is shown.

[0058] Figure 3 A mounting structure schematic diagram of a reset spring in Example 1 is shown.

[0059] Figure 4 A mounting structure schematic diagram of a rotating rod in Example 1 is shown.

[0060] Figure 5 A mounting structure schematic diagram of an arc spring in Example 1 is shown.

[0061] Figure 6 A mounting structure schematic diagram of a variable speed structure in Example 1 is shown.

[0062] Figure 7 A mounting structure schematic diagram of a diamond body in Example 1 is shown.

[0063] Figure 8 A mounting structure schematic diagram of a friction ring in Example 1 is shown.

[0064] Figure 9 A physical diagram of a weeding machine for rubber planting in Example 1 is shown.

[0065] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. swing arm; 3. mowing disc; 4. return spring; 51. mounting seat; 52. rotating rod; 53. connecting bar; 54. rotating rod; 55. roller; 56. arc spring; 57. rotating column; 58. speed change structure; 581. positioning cover; 582. protective cover; 583. speed change gear; 584. chain; 59. output transmission; 510. cam; 511. rack; 512. first gear; 513. second gear; 514. push plate; 515. rhombus; 516. telescopic member; 517. connecting member; 518. extrusion member; 519. friction ring; 520. abutment column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] The present invention provides a weeder for rubber planting, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, it includes: a frame 1, a swing arm 2, a mowing disc 3, a return spring 4 and an active avoidance structure; the frame 1 serves as the overall supporting structure of the mower; the swing arm 2 is connected to the frame 1; the mowing disc 3 is connected to the swing arm 2 and the bottom of the frame 1 for weeding; the return spring 4 is connected to the frame 1 and the swing arm 2, for driving the swing arm 2 to reset; the active avoidance structure includes: a mounting seat 51, a pressing structure, a roller 55, a speed change structure 58, a cam 510, a conversion structure and a push plate 514; the mounting seat 51 is connected to the bottom of the frame 1; the pressing structure is connected to the mounting seat 51, for providing continuous pressure to ensure that the roller 55 is reliably in contact with the ground; the speed change structure 58 is connected to the mounting seat 51 through the pressing structure, for converting the rotation of the roller 55 according to a preset transmission ratio The calculation is carried out and the transmission is performed; the roller 55 is connected to the speed change structure 58, which is used to convert the travel distance of the frame 1 into a rotational motion; the cam 510 is connected to the speed change structure 58, which is used to convert the rotational motion after the speed change into a periodic power for triggering avoidance; the conversion structure is connected to the cam 510, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the cam 510 into a linear motion; the push plate 514 is connected to the cam 510 through the conversion structure, which is used to actively push the swing arm 2 to swing, and the pressing structure drives the roller 55 to fit the ground through the speed change structure 58. When the frame 1 moves, it drives the roller 55 to rotate, and when the roller 55 rotates, it runs through the speed change structure 58. When the speed change structure 58 is running, it drives the conversion structure to run through the cam 510, and when the conversion structure is running, it actively pushes the swing arm 2 to swing through the push plate 514.

[0069] The rubber garden planting row distance specification, the fixed standardization planting garden of plant distance, the avoiding mechanism of weeding machine needs to contact like the trees planted in the rubber garden, passive avoidance is formed, in the process, the small rubber tree trunk will bend instead of effectively pushing the avoiding mechanism when being impacted, causing the avoidance action to be delayed, insufficient or even completely ineffective, finally making the mower disc contact the tree, causing the tree bark damage, affecting the growth of rubber tree and its economic value;

[0070] The present application completely abandons the passive logic of "collision reaction", the core is to ensure that the roller 55 always reliably matches the ground through the pressing structure, accurately converts the travel distance of the rack 1 into the number of rotations of the roller 55, and the motion is calculated by the transmission structure 58 according to the preset transmission ratio, which drives the cam 510 to rotate. The cam 510 rotates one revolution, which corresponds to the rack 1 traveling a fixed distance of a rubber tree. Accordingly, before the mower disc 3 contacts the tree, the cam 510 has accurately driven the push plate 514 through the conversion structure, and actively pushed the swing arm 2 to drive the mower disc 3 to complete the swing avoidance action. This process does not require any contact with the tree, which fundamentally eliminates the avoidance failure problem caused by the small and soft tree.

[0071] Since the avoidance action is actively completed before the mower disc 3 contacts the tree, and the power comes from the travel of the rack 1 itself, the collision, scratching and cutting damage of the mower disc 3 to the rubber tree trunk is completely avoided.

[0072] In use, the rack 1 is connected with the tractor, and then the tractor drives the rack 1 to walk along the ground. At this time, the pressing structure is driven to move through the mounting seat 51, and the pressing structure is brought into contact with the ground through the transmission structure 58. The rack 1 rotates due to the friction between the roller 55 and the ground when the rack 1 walks. The transmission structure 58 is driven to rotate when the roller 55 rotates, the cam 510 is driven to rotate when the transmission structure 58 operates, the conversion structure is driven to operate when the cam 510 rotates, the push plate 514 is moved when the conversion structure operates, and the swing arm 2 is actively pushed to swing when the push plate 514 moves. The swing arm 2 swings to drive the mower disc 3 to swing, so that the mower disc 3 actively avoids the rubber tree trunk.

[0073] Specifically, the top end of the frame 1 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 2 through a rotating shaft, and the swing arm 2 and the bottom end of the frame 1 are rotatably connected to the lawn mowing disc 3, and a return spring 4 is installed between one end of the swing arm 2 and the top end of the frame 1. (A transmission structure is installed inside the frame 1 and the swing arm 2, and a commutator is installed at the top of the frame 1. The transmission structure drives multiple lawn mowing discs 3 to rotate synchronously, and the commutator drives the transmission structure to operate. The above belongs to the existing technology and the process is not elaborated here). A mounting seat 51 is installed at the bottom end of the frame 1 through a screw, and a pressing structure is installed inside the mounting seat 51. One end of the pressing structure is rotatably connected to a roller 55, and the other end of the pressing structure is installed with a speed changing structure 58. A cam 510 is installed at one end of the speed changing structure 58. The top end of the cam 510 is fitly connected to a conversion structure. The conversion structure is installed inside the frame 1, and the push plate 514 is fitly connected to the conversion structure and is slidably connected to the inside of the frame 1.

[0074] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to ensure that the roller 55 is always in contact with the ground and prevent the device from being unable to operate or causing inaccurate operation due to the uneven ground inside the rubber garden, the pressing structure includes: a rotating rod 52, a connecting bar 53, a rotating rod 54, an arc spring 56 and a rotating column 57; the rotating rod 52 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 51; the connecting bar 53 is arranged on the outside of the rotating rod 52; the rotating rod 54 passes through the connecting bar 53; the arc spring 56 is connected to the rotating rod 52 and the mounting seat 51; the roller 55 and the rotating rod 54 are fixedly connected; the arc spring 56 drives the rotating rod 52 to rotate, and when the rotating rod 52 rotates, the roller 55 is driven to fit the ground through the connecting bar 53 and the rotating rod 54; the rotating column 57 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 52, and is used to be connected to the speed change structure 58.

[0075] During use, the tension of the arc spring 56 drives the rotating rod 52 to rotate. When the rotating rod 52 rotates, the connecting bar 53 is driven to deflect. After the connecting bar 53 deflects, the roller 55 is driven to fit the ground through the rotating rod 54.

[0076] Specifically, the interior of the mounting seat 51 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 52 through a shaft sleeve, an arc spring 56 is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the rotating rod 52 and the interior of the mounting seat 51, a metal protective net is installed at one end surface of the mounting seat 51 at one end of the rotating rod 52, a connecting bar 53 is installed on the outside of the rotating rod 52 through a flat key, and a rotating rod 54 is rotatably connected to the interior of the connecting bar 53, the rotating rod 54 and the roller 55 are fixedly connected by bolts, and a rotating column 57 is rotatably connected to the middle part of one end of the rotating rod 52 through a bearing.

[0077] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, since the spacing of the trees planted in the rubber garden is different, the transmission ratio needs to be adjusted, at this time, the transmission structure 58 includes: a positioning cover 581, a protective cover 582, a transmission gear 583 and a chain 584; the positioning cover 581 is sleeved outside the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57; the protective cover 582 is sleeved outside the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57; the transmission gear 583 is sleeved outside the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57, and is located between the positioning cover 581 and the protective cover 582; the chain 584 is sleeved outside the two transmission gears 583.

[0078] In use, the chain 584 is sleeved outside the two groups of transmission gears 583, and then the protective cover 582 and the positioning cover 581 are combined, at this time, the protective cover 582 and the positioning cover 581 are combined to protect the chain 584 and the transmission gear 583, preventing external objects from entering outside the chain 584 and the transmission gear 583.

[0079] Specifically, the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57 outside are connected with the positioning cover 581 through bearings, the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57 outside are clamped and installed with the transmission gear 583 at one end position of the positioning cover 581, the transmission gear 583 is provided in two groups, one chain 584 is sleeved outside the two groups of transmission gears 583, the two groups of transmission gears 583 are each composed of three gears, the diameters of the three gears are different, and three stable transmission ratios are formed by the different diameters of the three gears in the two groups, the diameters of the gears close to the positioning cover 581 change from large to small in one group, and the diameters of the gears close to the positioning cover 581 change from small to large in the other group, at this time, when each relative gear is connected by the chain 584, the rotating speed of the rotating column 57 is different, so that the device can be suitable for three different spacing of tree planting, the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57 outside are slidingly connected with the protective cover 582 at one end position of the transmission gear 583, the protective cover 582 is concave, and the protective cover 582 and the positioning cover 581 are fixed by screw extrusion.

[0080] As shown, Figures 4 to 8 Since the spacing of the trees planted in the rubber garden is a standard distance, and part of the spacing of the trees planted in the rubber garden is a non-standard spacing, the cam 510 needs to be switched between rotation and non-rotation, for this purpose, the output transmission 59 is installed at the bottom end of the frame 1 through screws, the input end of the output transmission 59 is connected with the rotating column 57 through a key, the connecting structure is installed between the cam 510 and the output transmission 59, the connecting structure includes: a rhombus body 515, an extension piece 516 and a connecting piece 517; the rhombus body 515 is connected to the output end of the output transmission 59, and the cam 510 is sleeved outside the rhombus body 515; the extension piece 516 is connected to the outside of the output transmission 59; the connecting piece 517 is arranged in the cam 510 and connected with the extension piece 516.

[0081] Specifically, the outer side of the rotating column 57 is connected to the input end of the output transmission device 59 through a flat key, and the output end of the output transmission device 59 is connected to a rhombus 515 through a flat key. One end of the rhombus 515 is provided with an inclined angle, and one end of the cam 510 is provided with a rhombus groove at a position corresponding to one end of the rhombus 515. A telescopic member 516 (specifically a manual telescopic rod) is symmetrically embedded and installed at the bottom of one end of the output transmission device 59. A connecting member 517 (specifically composed of a circular ring, a rectangular bar and a convex ring, wherein the convex ring is rotatably connected to the inside of the cam 510, and the telescopic member 516 is clamped and installed inside the rectangular bar) is clamped between one end of the two telescopic members 516.

[0082] During the above process, the cam 510 and the output transmission 59 are separated, causing the cam 510 to rotate due to gravity. Therefore, the position of the cam 510 needs to be fixed after the cam 510 and the output transmission 59 are separated.

[0083] To this end, extrusion pieces 518 (specifically, spring telescopic rods) are equidistantly embedded and installed at one end of the cam 510 near the output transmission 59. A friction ring 519 is connected between multiple extrusion pieces 518. An abutment column 520 is slidably connected inside the rectangular strip of the connecting piece 517. A ball is embedded and installed on one end face of the abutment column 520 near the friction ring 519.

[0084] When the cam 510 and the output transmission 59 are separated, the extrusion member 518 drives the friction ring 519 to fit with the rectangular strip of the connecting member 517, so that the cam 510 and the connecting member 517 are fixed by friction and extrusion force;

[0085] When the cam 510 and the output transmission 59 coincide with each other, the plane of the abutment column 520 contacts the output transmission 59, and the output transmission 59 drives the abutment column 520 to move. When the abutment column 520 moves, it drives the friction ring 519 to move. When the friction ring 519 moves, it squeezes the extrusion member 518, causing the extrusion member 518 to be compressed. At the same time, the friction force between the friction ring 519 and the abutment column 520 is reduced by the ball at the end of the abutment column 520, so that the cam 510 drives the ball to rotate inside the abutment column 520 through the friction ring 519.

[0086] like Figure 7 As shown, since the cam 510 needs to push the push plate 514 to move quickly when it rotates slowly, the conversion structure includes: a rack 511, a first gear 512 and a second gear 513; the rack 511 is arranged inside the frame 1; the first gear 512 is arranged inside the frame 1 and meshes with the top of the outer surface of the rack 511; the second gear 513 is arranged inside the frame 1 and meshes with the outer side of the first gear 512, and the outer side of the second gear 513 meshes with the bottom end of the push plate 514.

[0087] In use, when the cam 510 rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the rack 511 is driven to move, and when the rack 511 moves, the first gear 512 is driven to rotate quickly, and when the second gear 513 rotates quickly, the push plate 514 is driven to move quickly.

[0088] Specifically, the rack 511 is horizontally slidingly connected inside the rack 1, the top end of the rack 511 is meshingly connected with the first gear 512 which is rotationally connected with the rack 1, the outer surface of the first gear 512 is meshingly connected with the second gear 513 which is rotationally connected with the rack 1 (the diameter of the first gear 512 is seven times that of the second gear 513), and the bottom end of the push plate 514 which is horizontally slidingly connected with the rack 1 is meshed with the outer surface of the second gear 513.

[0089] A method for using the rubber tree planting weeding machine, comprising the following steps:

[0090] S1, row spacing setting and equipment preparation: according to the standard planting row spacing of rubber trees, the transmission ratio of the speed change structure 58 is set by replacing the speed change gear 583 group, so that when the roller 55 travels a distance equal to the distance between two rubber trees, the cam 510 rotates one revolution;

[0091] S2, equipment travel and distance measurement: start the weeding machine and make it travel along the direction between the rows of rubber trees; the movement of the rack 1 drives the roller 55 to roll tightly on the ground, and the arc-shaped spring 56 in the compression structure continuously provides compression force to ensure that the roller 55 reliably contacts the ground without slipping; the rotation of the roller 55 is transmitted and converted by the speed change structure 58;

[0092] S3, signal conversion and triggering: the rotary motion converted by the speed change structure 58 is transmitted to the cam 510 through the connecting structure to drive it to rotate; when the cam 510 rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the rotary motion is converted into linear motion through the conversion structure to drive the push plate 514 to produce instantaneous displacement;

[0093] S4, active avoidance action execution: the instantaneous displacement of the push plate 514 actively impacts and pushes the swing arm 2, which drives the grass cutting cutter head 3 to swing quickly away from the trunk of the rubber tree, realizing active avoidance;

[0094] S5, automatic reset: after the cam 510 rotates through the maximum lift point, the reset spring 4 releases the elastic potential energy to drive the swing arm 2 and the grass cutting cutter head 3 to quickly reset to the initial working position, waiting for the next triggering;

[0095] S6, cyclic operation: repeat steps S2 to S5, so that the weeding machine performs active swing avoidance once every time it encounters a rubber tree during travel, completing efficient and lossless inter-row weeding operation.

[0096] Working Principle: Based on the actual planting spacing of the rubber plantation, the operator pre-adjusts the transmission ratio of the speed change mechanism 58. First, the operator opens the protective cover 582 of the speed change mechanism 58 and selects and replaces the gears of different diameters in the speed change gear 583 to ensure that the cam 510 rotates exactly one full revolution when the roller 55 rolls on the ground at a distance equivalent to the spacing between trees.

[0097] For standard line spacing, the operator manually controls the retraction of the telescopic member 516 to drive the movement of the connecting member 517, so that the diamond groove inside the cam 510 engages with the diamond body 515 at the output end of the output transmission device 59. At this time, the power can be effectively transmitted to the cam 510. When the cam 510 and the output transmission device 59 coincide with each other, the plane of the abutment column 520 contacts the output transmission device 59, and the output transmission device 59 drives the abutment column 520 to move. When the abutment column 520 moves, it drives the friction ring 519 to move. When the friction ring 519 moves, it squeezes the extrusion member 518, causing the extrusion member 518 to be compressed. At the same time, the friction between the friction ring 519 and the abutment column 520 is reduced by the ball at the end of the abutment column 520, so that the cam 510 drives the ball to rotate inside the abutment column 520 through the friction ring 519, so that the cam 510 can rotate freely.

[0098] If the line spacing is non-standard or the avoidance function needs to be suspended, the telescopic member 516 is extended to disengage the cam 510 from the rhombus 515. At the same time, the extrusion member 518 pushes the friction ring 519 to press the connecting member 517, and the friction force is used to lock the cam 510 in the current position to prevent it from swinging freely.

[0099] Next, the frame 1 is connected to a tractor. At this time, the frame 1 is pulled by the tractor to move between the rows. Under the continuous action of the arc spring 56, the rotating rod 52 and the connecting bar 53 are driven to force the roller 55 to always press against the ground, ensuring that it will not jump off the ground and slip even in uneven fields, thereby ensuring the accuracy of distance measurement. The driving force of the frame 1 is converted into the rotational motion of the roller 55 through friction.

[0100] The rotation of the roller 55 is transmitted to the speed change mechanism 58 through the rotating rod 54. The power is transmitted between the two sets of speed change gears 583 through the chain 584. After transmission, it drives the output transmission 59 through the rotating column 57. Finally, it is transmitted to the cam 510 through the output transmission 59.

[0101] The cam 510 receives the rotational movement after the gear shift and starts rotating at a constant speed. When the cam 510 rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, it starts pushing the conversion structure. In this embodiment, the cam 510 directly pushes the rack 511 to generate linear movement. The linear movement of the rack 511 drives the first gear 512 to rotate. The first gear 512 in turn drives the second gear 513 to rotate at a high speed. The second gear 513 finally engages and drives the push plate 514 to generate a rapid linear movement. This process converts the slow rotation of the cam 510 into an instantaneous and high-speed linear impact of the push plate 514 through the compound mechanism of "cam 510-rack 511-first gear 512-second gear 513".

[0102] The rapid linear movement of the push plate 514 actively impacts the swing arm 2. Under the impact force, the swing arm 2 overcomes the pulling force of the return spring 4 and quickly rotates around the hinge point, thereby driving the grass cutter disc 3 at the end of the swing arm 2 to swing away from the rubber tree trunk. The avoidance action is completed before the cutter disc contacts the tree. When the cam 510 passes the highest point and the pushing force on the rack 511 disappears, the stretched return spring 4 immediately releases the stored elastic potential energy and strongly pulls the swing arm 2 and the grass cutter disc 3 back to the initial working position, preparing for the next cutting and avoidance cycle.

[0103] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them.

Claims

1. A weeder for rubber planting, characterized in that: include: A frame (1) serving as the overall supporting structure of the weeder; A swing arm (2) connected to the frame (1); A mowing disc (3) is connected to the swing arm (2) and the lower portion of the frame (1) and is used for weeding; A reset spring (4), connected to the frame (1) and the swing arm (2), and used for driving the swing arm (2) to reset; The active avoidance structure comprises: a mounting seat (51), a pressing structure, a roller (55), a speed change structure (58), a cam (510), a conversion structure and a push plate (514); the mounting seat (51) is connected to the bottom of the frame (1); the pressing structure is connected to the mounting seat (51) and is used to provide continuous pressure to ensure that the roller (55) is reliably attached to the ground; the speed change structure (58) is connected to the mounting seat (51) through the pressing structure and is used to convert the rotation of the roller (55) according to a preset transmission ratio and transmit it; The roller (55) is connected to the speed change structure (58) and is used to convert the travel distance of the frame (1) into a rotational motion; the cam (510) is connected to the speed change structure (58) and is used to convert the rotational motion after the speed change into a periodic power for triggering avoidance; the conversion structure is connected to the cam (510) and is used to convert the rotational motion of the cam (510) into a linear motion; the push plate (514) is connected to the cam (510) through the conversion structure and is used to actively push the swing arm (2) to swing; the pressing structure drives the roller (55) to fit the ground through the speed change structure (58), and the frame (1) drives the roller (55) to rotate when it moves, and the roller (55) drives the speed change structure (58) to run when it rotates. When the speed change structure (58) runs, it drives the conversion structure to run through the cam (510), and when the conversion structure runs, it actively pushes the swing arm (2) to swing through the push plate (514).

2. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing structure comprises: A rotating rod (52) rotatably connected to the mounting seat (51); A connecting bar (53) is provided on the outside of the rotating rod (52); A rotating rod (54) passing through the connecting bar (53); an arc spring (56) connected to the rotating rod (52) and the mounting seat (51); The roller (55) and the rotating rod (54) are fixedly connected; The arc spring (56) drives the rotating rod (52) to rotate, and when the rotating rod (52) rotates, the roller (55) is driven to contact the ground through the connecting strip (53) and the rotating rod (54); The rotating column (57) is rotatably connected to the rotating rod (52) and is used to be connected to the speed change structure (58).

3. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The speed change structure (58) includes: A positioning cover (581) is sleeved on the outer sides of the rotating rod (54) and the rotating column (57); A protective cover (582) is sleeved on the outer sides of the rotating rod (54) and the rotating column (57); A speed change gear (583) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod (54) and the rotating column (57), and is located between the positioning cover (581) and the protective cover (582); The chain (584) is sleeved on the outside of the two speed change gears (583).

4. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed change gears (583) are provided in two groups, and both groups of the speed change gears (583) are composed of three gears, and the diameters of the three gears are different.

5. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: An output transmission device (59) is mounted on the bottom end of the frame (1) via screws, and an input end of the output transmission device (59) and a rotating column (57) are connected via a flat key.

6. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting structure is installed between the cam (510) and the output transmission (59), and the connecting structure includes: A rhombus (515) is connected to the output end of the output transmission (59), and the cam (510) is sleeved on the outside of the rhombus (515); a telescopic member (516) connected to the outside of the output transmission (59); A connecting member (517) is disposed inside the cam (510) and connected to the telescopic member (516).

7. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conversion structure includes: A rack (511) is arranged inside the frame (1); A first gear (512) is disposed inside the frame (1) and meshes with the top end of the outer surface of the rack (511); A second gear (513) is disposed inside the frame (1) and meshes with the outside of the first gear (512); The outer side of the second gear (513) is meshed with the bottom end of the push plate (514).

8. The rubber planting weeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: An extrusion piece (518) is equidistantly embedded and installed at one end of the cam (510) close to the output transmission (59), and a plurality of the extrusion pieces (518) are connected to a same friction ring (519).

9. A method for using the rubber planting weeder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, row spacing setting and equipment preparation: according to the standard planting row spacing of rubber trees, the transmission ratio of the speed change structure (58) is set by replacing the speed change gear (583) group, so that when the roller (55) travels a distance equal to the spacing between one rubber tree, the cam (510) rotates one circle; S2, equipment movement and distance measurement: start the weeder and make it move along the direction between the rows of rubber trees; the movement of the frame (1) drives the roller (55) to roll close to the ground, and the arc spring (56) in the pressing structure continuously provides pressure to ensure that the roller (55) contacts the ground reliably without slipping; the rotation of the roller (55) is transmitted and converted through the speed change structure (58); S3, signal conversion and triggering: the rotational motion converted by the speed change structure (58) is transmitted to the cam (510) through the connecting structure, driving the cam to rotate; When the cam (510) rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the conversion structure converts the rotational motion into linear motion, driving the push plate (514) to generate displacement; S4, active avoidance action execution: the displacement of the push plate (514) actively impacts and pushes the swing arm (2), so that it drives the mowing disc (3) to swing away from the rubber tree trunk, thereby achieving early avoidance; S5, automatic reset: when the cam (510) rotates past the maximum lift point, the reset spring (4) releases elastic potential energy, driving the swing arm (2) and the mowing disc (3) to reset to the initial working position and wait for the next trigger; S6. Circular operation: Repeat steps S2 to S5, so that the weeder performs an active avoidance swing every time it encounters a rubber tree during its movement, thereby completing an efficient and lossless inter-row weeding operation.

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