A piercing and reaming device for seamless steel pipe production

Abstract

This invention discloses a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production, belonging to the field of seamless steel pipe processing technology. It includes a base plate, a main support, a push rod, a detachable mandrel, a power source A, a fixedly mounted expanding head A, several synchronously radially sliding expanding heads B, a tool holder plate, several radially sliding sliding tool holders, a processing cutter head fixedly mounted on the sliding tool holders, a bidirectional interlocking assembly for locking the distance between the mandrel and the push rod, a variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly for synchronously adjusting the radial distance between the expanding heads B and the sliding tool holders, a tool head rotation power assembly for driving the processing cutter heads to rotate at high speed, and a synchronous expanding drive mechanism for driving the variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly. This invention is a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production that features a detachable and stable mandrel connection, significantly improves the uniformity of steel pipe wall thickness, and can meet the expanding requirements of different inner diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention mainly relates to the field of seamless steel pipe processing technology, and specifically refers to a piercing and expanding device for the production of seamless steel pipes. Background Technology

[0002] Seamless steel pipes, made from a single piece of metal, possess excellent mechanical properties due to the absence of seams on their surface and are widely used as pipelines for transporting fluids. In the production process of seamless steel pipes, extrusion piercing and reaming are the two most crucial steps. To achieve extrusion piercing, a mandrel mounted on a mandrel is typically used to pierce a round steel blank to form a steel pipe billet. To achieve reaming, an reaming head mounted on the mandrel is used to extrude and expand the steel pipe billet to form a seamless steel pipe. In existing technology, the connection between the mandrel and the mandrel typically follows two modes: one is a fixed connection, characterized by a stable but non-removable connection; the other is a threaded connection, characterized by a removable mandrel but prone to loosening or even jamming during reversal. Existing technologies employ two types of expanding heads in the process of expanding the hole of steel pipe blanks: one is an integral expanding head with a constant outer diameter, which can achieve high wall thickness uniformity but cannot meet the production of seamless steel pipes with different inner diameter requirements; the other is multiple movable expanding heads with variable sizes, which can meet different inner diameter requirements, but there is a certain gap between two adjacent movable expanding heads, resulting in uneven wall thickness of the produced seamless steel pipes. Therefore, although existing technologies have achieved piercing and expanding of round steel blanks, they still have the following technical problems: 1. The contradiction between the need for frequent replacement of the mandrel and stable connection; 2. The contradiction between the multiple inner diameter requirements of seamless steel pipes and the unevenness of the inner diameter wall; 3. Insufficient heat dissipation capacity of the mandrel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production with a detachable and stable connecting mandrel and significantly improved steel pipe wall thickness uniformity, which can meet the expansion requirements of different inner holes.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention proposes the following solution: a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production, comprising a base plate and a main support fixedly mounted on the base plate; further comprising: a top rod rotatably mounted on the main support in a horizontal direction, a top head detachably connected to the left end of the top rod, a power source A mounted on the main support for driving the top rod to rotate, an expanding head A fixedly mounted on the top rod, several expanding heads B arranged circumferentially at equal intervals and capable of synchronously sliding radially along the right end face of the expanding head A, a tool holder plate slidably and rotatably sleeved on the top rod, several sliding tool holders capable of radially sliding along the right end face of the tool holder plate, a processing tool head fixedly mounted on the sliding tool holder with the tool head facing outward, a bidirectional interlocking assembly, a variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly, a tool head rotation power assembly, a expanding synchronous drive mechanism, and a heat dissipation assembly.

[0005] The bidirectional interlocking assembly is installed between the mandrel and the expanding head A, used to lock the distance between the mandrel and the expanding head in both directions when the expanding head rotates forward and in reverse. The variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly is sleeved on the expanding head, used to synchronously adjust the radial distance between the expanding head B and the sliding tool holder relative to the expanding head, thereby adapting to different inner diameter requirements of the seamless steel pipe. The cutting head rotation power assembly is installed on the base plate, used to drive the processing cutting head to rotate at high speed to perform rounding processing on the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe. The expanding synchronous drive mechanism is installed between the base plate and the variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly, used to drive the variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly to work. The heat dissipation assembly is located on the mandrel, used to dissipate heat from the mandrel during operation.

[0006] Furthermore, the bidirectional interlocking assembly includes: a plurality of stop rods and an interlocking cylinder sleeved on the top rod; the right end of the top head is screwed to the left end of the top rod with a forward thread, and is screwed to the left end of the interlocking cylinder with a reverse thread; the right end of the stop rod is screwed to the expanding head A, and its left end passes through a locking hole opened on the interlocking cylinder, and the middle shoulder of the stop rod abuts against the right side surface of the interlocking cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the variable inner diameter expansion adjustment assembly includes: a bushing A that slides but does not rotate on the top rod; an expansion push plate fixedly mounted on the bushing A; several expansion push rods whose two ends are respectively hinged to the expansion head B and the expansion push plate; a bushing B that rotates but does not slide on the bushing A; a bushing C that slides but does not rotate on the bushing B; and a cutter head push rod whose two ends are respectively hinged to the sliding tool holder and the bushing C; the expansion push rod and the cutter head push rod are parallel to each other and have the same length.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting head rotation power assembly includes: a sub-support fixedly mounted on the base plate, a power shaft rotatably mounted on the sub-support at one end, a drive wheel fixedly sleeved on the power shaft, a driven wheel fixedly mounted on the bushing B and meshing with the drive wheel, and a power source B mounted on the sub-support for driving the power shaft to rotate.

[0009] Further, the hole-expanding synchronous drive mechanism includes: a transition plate B that is rotatably and non-sliply sleeved outside the bushing A; a transition plate A that is rotatably and non-sliply sleeved outside the bushing C; a connecting frame A fixedly connected to the transition plate A; a movable rack fixedly mounted on the connecting frame A and parallel to the axis of the push rod; a rack frame fixedly mounted on the main support; a stationary rack fixedly mounted on the rack frame and parallel to the movable rack; a movable gear that meshes with both the stationary rack and the movable rack; a translational frame that slides horizontally through the main support and is fixedly connected to the transition plate B; and a power source C that drives the translational frame to translate. The movable gear is rotatably mounted on the translational frame.

[0010] Furthermore, there are two of each of the stationary rack, movable rack, and movable gear, and they are all matched one-to-one; the two movable gears are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the push rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the left end of the expanding head A is provided with a receiving cavity, and the right end of the interlocking cylinder is located in the receiving cavity; the right end face of the expanding head A is provided with a plurality of radially symmetrically distributed grooves A, and a slider is slidably installed inside the radial grooves A, and the slider is fixedly connected to the expanding head B.

[0012] Furthermore, a radial groove B is provided on the right end face of the tool holder plate, and the sliding tool holder is slidably connected to the radial groove B.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat dissipation assembly includes: a mounting groove on the outer wall of the top head, in which a graphite ring is detachably installed, the outer surface of the graphite ring being flush with the outer surface of the top head; multiple air guide slots on the surface of the top head near the top rod, the multiple air guide slots being arranged in a ring array, each air guide slot having an air inlet; multiple heat dissipation ports in the graphite ring, the multiple heat dissipation ports being arranged in a ring array, and each heat dissipation port being located between two adjacent air guide slots; and multiple heat dissipation channels disposed inside the top head, one end of each heat dissipation channel being connected to an air inlet inside the air guide slot, and the other end being connected to a corresponding heat dissipation port in the graphite ring.

[0014] Furthermore, a piezoelectric ceramic device is installed at the center of the top head, and an alternating current is passed through the piezoelectric ceramic device to cause it to vibrate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production of the present invention is equipped with a bidirectional interlocking assembly. A stop rod is used to abut against the locking cylinder, so that the distance between the mandrel and the mandrel can be locked when the mandrel rotates in both directions. This achieves a stable connection between the mandrel and the mandrel and facilitates the replacement and disassembly of the mandrel. The present invention is equipped with several expanding heads B and processing cutters, which can immediately round the inner hole after expanding the diameter of the steel pipe blank, achieving the technical effects of reducing the non-roundness of the inner hole of the seamless steel pipe and improving the uniformity of the wall thickness of the seamless steel pipe. Furthermore, the present invention also includes a variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly that drives the several expanding heads B and processing cutters to move radially synchronously, and a drive for the variable inner diameter... The expanding adjustment assembly utilizes a synchronous driving mechanism. This mechanism ensures that the translational speed of the bushing C is twice the translational speed of the expanding push plate. The expanding push rod and the cutter push rod rotate synchronously in the same direction at equal angles, guaranteeing that the inner diameter of the expanding circle formed by the expanding head B and the inner diameter of the shaping circle formed by the machining cutter can increase or decrease synchronously. This achieves the goal of adapting to the different inner diameter production requirements of seamless steel pipes. Simultaneously, the design of the air guide groove, heat dissipation port, and heat dissipation channel significantly improves the heat dissipation capacity of the mandrel, thereby enhancing equipment reliability and preventing component deformation or damage due to high temperatures during the piercing process. The high-frequency micro-vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic device reduces the friction coefficient between the mandrel and the workpiece, reducing piercing resistance. Therefore, this invention is a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production that features a detachable and stable mandrel connection, significantly improves the uniformity of steel pipe wall thickness, meets the expanding requirements of different inner diameters, and also possesses certain heat dissipation and piercing resistance reduction capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structural principle of a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The view of AA;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of several expanding heads B on the right end face of expanding head A in this invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the two sliding tool holders on the right end face of the tool holder plate in this invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the top head in this invention;

[0022] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram, 11—base plate; 12—main support; 13—top head; 131—graphite ring; 14—top rod; 15—expanding head A; 150—receiving cavity; 151—radial groove A; 152—slider; 16—expanding head B; 17—power source A; 18—tool holder plate; 180—radial groove B; 19—sliding tool holder; 110—machining tool head; 21—interlock cylinder; 210—locking hole; 22—stop rod; 23—forward thread; 24—reverse thread; 31 32—Expanded diameter push plate; 33—Expanded diameter push rod; 34—Sleeve B; 35—Sleeve C; 36—Cutter head push rod; 41—Driven wheel; 42—Drive wheel; 43—Power shaft; 44—Secondary support; 45—Power source B; 51—Transition plate A; 52—Connecting frame A; 53—Modible rack; 54—Modible gear; 55—Stationary rack; 56—Rack frame; 57—Transition plate B; 58—Translation frame; 59—Power source C; 61—Conveying support; 62—Round steel cut-off piece; 71—Air guide trough; 72—Air inlet; 73—Heat dissipation vent; 74—Heat dissipation channel; 81—Piezoelectric ceramic device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. For ease of description, the present invention refers to the round steel billet to be pierced as a cut round steel piece, the round steel with a hole formed after the round steel billet is pierced by the mandrel as a steel pipe billet, the final product formed after the steel pipe billet is expanded as a seamless steel pipe, the largest circle formed by the edge portions of several expanding heads B is referred to as the expanding circle of the seamless steel pipe; the largest circle formed by the edge portion of the machining head is referred to as the shaping circle of the seamless steel pipe, and the reduction of the ellipticity of the inner hole of the seamless steel pipe is referred to as the rounding of the inner hole.

[0025] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention discloses a piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production, comprising a base plate 11, a main support 12 fixedly mounted on the base plate 11, a top rod 14 rotatably mounted on the main support 12 in a horizontal direction, a top head 13 detachably connected to the left end of the top rod 14, a power source A17 mounted on the main support 12 for driving the top rod 14 to rotate, an expanding head A15 fixedly mounted on the top rod 14, several expanding heads B16 arranged circumferentially at equal intervals and synchronously sliding radially along the right end face of the expanding head A15, a tool holder plate 18 slidably and rotatably sleeved on the top rod 14, several sliding tool holders 19 that can slide radially along the right end face of the tool holder plate 18, a processing tool head 110 fixedly mounted on the sliding tool holder 19 with the tool head facing outward, a bidirectional interlocking assembly, a variable inner diameter expanding adjustment assembly, a tool head rotation power assembly, a expanding synchronous drive mechanism, and a heat dissipation assembly. Preferably, a radial groove B180 is provided on the right end face of the tool holder plate 18, and the sliding tool holder 19 is slidably connected to the radial groove B180. In a specific implementation, the base plate 11 is also provided with a conveying bracket 61 for conveying the round steel cut 62. The round steel cut 62 is pushed towards the top head 13 of the present invention by an external device. The conveying of the round steel cut 62 is prior art and will not be described in detail here. The power source A17 is a rotary motor. The right end of the top rod 14 passes through a rolling bearing A and is connected to the output shaft of the power source A17. The rolling bearing A is mounted on the main bracket 12. The top head 13 is a tapered structure with the tip pointing to the left. The maximum diameter of the left end of the expanding head A15 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the top head 13, and the maximum diameter of the right end of the expanding head A15 is larger than the maximum diameter of the top head 13. Several expanding heads B16 rotate one revolution to form the expanding circle of the seamless steel pipe, and the edge portion of the machining head 110 rotates one revolution to form the shaping circle of the seamless steel pipe. The radius of the expanding circle is greater than the maximum radius of the expanding head B16, and less than or equal to the radius of the shaping circle, ensuring that the inner wall of the steel pipe blank can be machined into a round shape when the machining head 110 rotates at high speed. In Example 1, the diameter of the shaping circle of the seamless steel pipe is equal to the expanding circle of the seamless steel pipe; in Example 2, the diameter of the shaping circle of the seamless steel pipe is slightly larger than the expanding circle of the seamless steel pipe.

[0026] See Figure 1 and Figure 2A bidirectional interlocking assembly is installed between the top head 13 and the expanding head A15 to lock the distance between the top head 13 and the expanding head 14 in both directions when the expanding head 14 rotates forward and backward. Preferably, the bidirectional interlocking assembly includes: several stop rods 22 and an interlocking cylinder 21 sleeved on the expanding head 14; the right end of the top head 13 is screwed to the left end of the expanding head 14 using a forward thread 23, and simultaneously screwed to the left end of the interlocking cylinder 21 using a reverse thread 24; the right end of the stop rod 22 is threaded to the expanding head A15, and its left end passes through a locking hole 210 opened on the interlocking cylinder 21, with the middle shoulder of the stop rod 22 abutting against the right side surface of the interlocking cylinder 21. The left end of the expanding head A15 has a receiving cavity 150, and the right end portion of the interlocking cylinder 21 is located in the receiving cavity 150. In specific implementation, a boss is provided at the right end of the mandrel 13 to simultaneously connect the mandrel 14 and the interlocking cylinder 21. The boss has external threads on its exterior and internal threads at its center. The left end of the interlocking cylinder 21 has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the boss, and the left end of the mandrel 14 has an external thread that matches the internal thread of the boss. When the forward thread 23 is selected as a right-hand thread, the reverse thread 24 is a left-hand thread, and vice versa. The stop rod 22 is a stepped straight rod that is thinner on the left and thicker on the right. The left end is a smooth rod and the right end is a threaded rod. The left end of the stop rod 22 slides into the locking hole 210 opened on the interlocking cylinder 21, and the interlocking cylinder 21 and the push rod 14 are in clearance fit. The expanding head A15 is provided with a through-type threaded hole along the axial direction that matches the stop rod 22, so as to facilitate the disassembly of the stop rod 22 and thus facilitate the disassembly of the push head 13. As an embodiment, there are four stop rods 22, and the four stop rods 22 are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the push rod 14. As an embodiment, there are two stop rods 22, and the two stop rods 22 are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the push rod 14. Generally, the direction of rotation of the mandrel 13 during the piercing process is selected as the direction of the forward thread 23, and the direction of the mandrel 13 when it reverses and retracts is selected as the direction of the reverse thread 24. As an example, the forward thread 23 is selected as a right-hand thread and the reverse thread 24 is selected as a left-hand thread. As an example, the forward thread 23 is selected as a left-hand thread and the reverse thread 24 is selected as a right-hand thread.

[0027] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The variable inner diameter expansion adjustment component is sleeved on the top rod 14 and is used to synchronously adjust the radial distance between the expansion head B16 and the sliding tool holder 19 relative to the top rod 14, thereby adapting to different inner diameter requirements of seamless steel pipes. Preferably, the variable inner diameter expansion adjustment assembly includes: a bushing A31 that slides without rotating on the push rod 14; an expansion push plate 32 fixedly mounted on the bushing A31; several expansion push rods 33 whose two ends are respectively hinged to the expansion head B16 and the expansion push plate 32; a bushing B34 that rotates without sliding on the bushing A31; a bushing C35 that slides without rotating on the bushing B34; and a cutter push rod 36 whose two ends are respectively hinged to the sliding tool holder 19 and the bushing C35. The expansion push rods 33 and the cutter push rods 36 are parallel to each other and have the same length, so that after the expansion push rods 33 and the cutter push rods 36 rotate by the same angle, the radial distance between the machining cutter head 110 and the expansion head B16 remains constant, that is, the radius difference between the shaping circle and the expansion circle is constant. Preferably, the right end face of the expanding head A15 is provided with several radially symmetrically distributed grooves A151, and a slider 152 is slidably installed inside the radial grooves A151. The slider 152 is fixedly connected to the expanding head B16. In specific implementation, the inner wall of the bushing A31 is provided with a straight keyway A along the axial direction, and the outer side of the push rod 14 is provided with a rectangular key A that matches the keyway A along the axial direction. The bushing A31 and the push rod 14 are in a sliding intermittent fit, thereby realizing the axial sliding of the bushing A31 on the push rod 14 without rotation. As an embodiment, the right end face of the expanding head A15 is provided with eight radially symmetrically distributed grooves A151. Each radial groove A151 is equipped with a slider 152. There are eight expanding heads B16 and eight expanding push rods 33. The circumferential distance between two adjacent expanding heads B16 is not greater than one-tenth of the circumferential length of the expanding head B16, so that several expanding heads B16 can expand into an inner hole with a high ellipticity when rotating. There are two sliding tool holders 19 and two tool push rods 36. The two sliding tool holders 19 and the two tool push rods 36 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the push rod 14.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 3The cutting head rotation power assembly is mounted on the base plate 11 and is used to drive the processing cutting head 110 to rotate at high speed to perform rounding processing on the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe. Preferably, the cutting head rotation power assembly includes: a sub-support 44 fixedly mounted on the base plate 11, a power shaft 43 rotatably mounted on the sub-support 44 at one end, a driving wheel 42 fixedly sleeved on the power shaft 43, a driven wheel 41 fixedly mounted on the bushing B34 and meshing with the driving wheel 42, and a power source B45 mounted on the sub-support 44 for driving the power shaft 43 to rotate. In specific implementation, the width of the driving wheel 42 is significantly larger than the width of the driven wheel 41, so that the two gears can still be in a meshing transmission state after sliding relative to each other along the axial direction; the power source B45 is a rotary motor, and the output shaft of the power source B45 is fixedly connected to the power shaft 43. Since the diameter of the shaping circle of the seamless steel pipe is not less than the diameter of the expansion circle of the seamless steel pipe, the inner hole of the seamless steel pipe can be rounded when the machining head 110 rotates at high speed, thereby improving the uniformity of the wall thickness of the seamless steel pipe.

[0029] See Figure 1 The hole-expanding synchronous drive mechanism is installed between the base plate 11 and the variable inner diameter hole-expanding adjustment assembly, and is used to drive the variable inner diameter hole-expanding adjustment assembly to work. Preferably, the hole-expanding synchronous drive mechanism includes: a transition plate B57 that is rotatably and non-sliply sleeved outside the bushing A31; a transition plate A51 that is rotatably and non-sliply sleeved outside the bushing C35; a connecting frame A52 that is fixedly connected to the transition plate A51; a movable rack 53 that is fixedly installed on the connecting frame A52 and parallel to the axis of the push rod 14; a rack frame 56 that is fixedly installed on the main support 12; a stationary rack 55 that is fixedly installed on the rack frame 56 and parallel to the movable rack 53; a movable gear 54 that meshes with both the stationary rack 55 and the movable rack 53; a translation frame 58 that slides horizontally through the main support 12 and is fixedly connected to the transition plate B57; and a power source C59 that drives the translation frame 58 to translate. The movable gear 54 is rotatably mounted on the translation frame 58. There are two stationary racks 55, two movable racks 53, and two movable gears 54, all of which are matched one-to-one. The two movable gears 54 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the push rod 14. In a specific implementation, a rolling bearing is installed inside the transition plate A51, and the rolling bearing is sleeved on the outside of the bushing C35. Preferably, the rolling bearing is a double-sided tapered roller bearing. The power source C59 is an electric telescopic rod, the fixed part of which is installed on the main support 12, and the movable part of which is connected to the translation frame 58. The two stationary racks 55 are located on the outside of the two movable racks 53, and the movable gears 54 are located between adjacent stationary racks 55 and movable racks 53.

[0030] See Figures 6 to 7A heat dissipation assembly is disposed on the top head 13 to dissipate heat from the top head 13 during operation, thereby improving the reliability of the device. Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes: a mounting groove formed on the outer wall of the top head 13, in which a graphite ring 131 is detachably installed, the outer surface of the graphite ring 131 being flush with the outer surface of the top head 13; multiple air guide slots 71 formed on the surface of the top head 13 near the top rod, the multiple air guide slots 71 being arranged in a ring array, each air guide slot 71 having an air inlet 72 inside; and multiple heat dissipation ports 73 formed in the graphite ring 131, the multiple heat dissipation ports 73 being arranged in a ring array, and each The heat dissipation vent 73 is located between two adjacent air guide slots 71; multiple heat dissipation channels 74 are set inside the top head 13, one end of the heat dissipation channel 74 is connected to the air inlet 72 inside the air guide slot 71, and the other end is connected to the corresponding heat dissipation vent 73 in the graphite ring 131; a piezoelectric ceramic device 81 is installed at the center inside the top head 13. The piezoelectric ceramic device 81 is existing technology, and its specific structural design will not be described in detail here. When an alternating current is passed through the piezoelectric ceramic device 81, it can generate vibration, which further drives the top head 13 to generate high-frequency vibration, reducing the friction coefficient between the top head 13 and the workpiece and reducing the perforation resistance.

[0031] The working principle of the bidirectional interlocking assembly of the present invention is as follows: Since the direction of the perforation rotation of the top head 13 is consistent with the direction of the threaded connection between the top head 13 and the top rod 14, both being positive threads 23, the top head 13 will not loosen during the perforation process. At this time, although the top head 13 and the interlocking cylinder 21 are connected by reverse threads 24, the right end of the interlocking cylinder 21 with reverse threads 24 is held in place by the middle shoulder of the stop rod 22, so the interlocking cylinder 21 will not loosen during the forward perforation process of the top head 13. When the top rod 14 rotates backward and retracts, the interlocking cylinder 21 and the top head 13 become tighter and tighter. Although there is a tendency for the top head 13 and the top rod 14 to loosen, the interlocking cylinder 21 will still be held in place by the stop rod 22 when it retracts, thus preventing the relative distance between the top head 13 and the top rod 14 from increasing further, thereby achieving the effect of reverse rotation self-locking.

[0032] The working principle of the variable inner diameter reaming adjustment assembly of the present invention is as follows: When the distance between the bushing C35 and the tool holder plate 18 along the axial direction of the push rod 14 is equal to the distance between the reaming push plate 32 and the reaming head A15 along the axial direction of the push rod 14, the reaming push rod 33 and the tool push rod 36 will rotate in the same direction and at the same angle. That is, the radial sliding distance between the reaming head B16 and the processing tool head 110 is also equal. Therefore, during the operation of the variable inner diameter reaming adjustment assembly, the radial distance between the processing tool head 110 and the reaming head B16 remains constant. Thus, the difference between the forming circle diameter and the reaming circle diameter of the seamless steel pipe remains unchanged, thereby enabling the variable inner diameter reaming adjustment assembly of the present invention to ream and round seamless steel pipes with different inner diameter requirements.

[0033] The working principle of the hole-expanding synchronous drive mechanism of the present invention is as follows: Since the movable gear 54 simultaneously meshes with both the stationary rack 55 and the movable rack 53, and the line connecting the two meshing points is collinear with one of the diameters of the movable gear 54, when the movable gear 54 rolls purely along the stationary rack 55, the translational speed of the movable rack 53 is equal to twice the translational speed of the center of the movable gear 54. That is, the axial translational speed of the connecting frame A52 and the transition plate A51 along the push rod 14 is equal to twice the axial translational speed of the transition plate B57 along the push rod 14. Therefore, the transition plate... The axial translational distance of A51 is twice the axial translational distance of the expanding push plate 32. At the same time, since the axial translational distance of the tool holder plate 18 is always equal to the axial translational distance of the expanding push plate 32, the change in the relative axial distance between the bushing C35 and the tool holder plate 18 is equal to the change in the relative axial distance between the expanding push plate 32 and the expanding head A15. That is, during the process of the power source C59 driving the translation frame 58 to translate left and right, the expanding push rod 33 and the tool head push rod 36 are always in a parallel state, achieving the technical effect of synchronously driving the expanding head B16 and the machining tool head 110.

[0034] The working principle and process of this invention are as follows: First, the power source C59 in the reaming synchronous drive mechanism is activated to adjust the horizontal position of the translation frame 58, thereby synchronously adjusting the rotation angle of the reaming push rod 33 and the cutter head push rod 36, so that the shaping circle diameter of the seamless steel pipe is consistent with the inner diameter requirement of the seamless steel pipe; Second, the round steel cut piece 62 on the conveying bracket 61 is conveyed from right to left towards the top head 13 through external equipment (not shown); Third, the power source A17 is activated, so that the top rod 14 and the top head 13 rotate, and the rotation direction is opposite to the spiral conveying direction of the round steel cut piece 62; Fourth, the power source B45 is activated, and the cutter plate 18 drives the processing cutter head 110 to rotate at high speed, so as to round the inner hole of the steel pipe blank after the reaming head B16 has acted on it; Fifth, after the seamless steel pipe is processed, the power source C59 in the synchronous drive mechanism is activated in reverse, so that the reaming head B16 and the processing cutter head 110 move radially towards the center, thereby facilitating the unloading of the seamless steel pipe.

[0035] As the top head 13 rotates, the air guide slot 71 at the rear draws air from the air inlet 72 into the heat dissipation channel 74 inside the top head 13. The heat generated during the perforation of the top head 13 is carried away through the heat dissipation channel 74 and finally discharged from the heat dissipation vent 73 on the highly thermally conductive graphite ring 131. This design has the following advantages.

[0036] First: The air guide slot 71 forces air in to form airflow convection, which quickly removes the high temperature generated by the perforation and prevents the parts from overheating, deforming or being damaged. It is especially suitable for high-heat operating environments.

[0037] Second: Increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the top head 13 can significantly improve the reliability of the equipment, prevent the high temperature during the perforation process from causing component deformation or damage, thereby extending the service life and optimizing the operating efficiency. Forced airflow through the heat dissipation channel 74 removes heat, ensuring that the equipment operates stably under high load and avoiding performance degradation or failure caused by overheating.

[0038] When the mandrel 13 is piercing, an alternating current is supplied to the internal piezoelectric ceramic device 81, which causes the piezoelectric ceramic device 81 to vibrate. Under the action of the alternating electric field, the piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked inside the piezoelectric ceramic device 81 will undergo periodic deformation due to the inverse piezoelectric effect. The multi-layer design can amplify the overall amplitude through series mechanical displacement. First, the high-frequency micro-vibration can reduce the friction coefficient between the mandrel 13 and the workpiece, reducing the piercing resistance. Second, the micro-airflow generated by the vibration helps to remove piercing debris in a timely manner and maintain the continuity of operation. Finally, the piezoelectric vibration can work with the heat dissipation channel 74 to remove internal heat and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0039] The graphite ring 131 on the side of the mandrel 13 does not participate in the perforation process. At the end of the perforation process, it rubs against the inner wall of the already perforated pipe, mainly playing an efficient heat dissipation auxiliary role. Its high thermal conductivity can quickly dissipate the heat accumulated in the pipe, and the graphite powder generated by friction is a natural physical lubricant, which helps the mandrel 13 to move forward more smoothly after the perforation at the front end is completed. This not only improves the smoothness of the operation but also protects the inside of the pipe. After the graphite ring 131 wears out over a long period of time, it needs to be replaced with a new graphite ring 131.

[0040] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production, comprising a base plate (11) and a main support (12) fixedly mounted on the base plate (11); characterized in that, Also includes: A top rod (14) is mounted on the main support (12) in a horizontal direction, a top head (13) is detachably connected to the left end of the top rod (14), a power source A (17) mounted on the main support (12) for driving the top rod (14) to rotate, an expansion head A (15) fixedly mounted on the top rod (14), several expansion heads B (16) arranged circumferentially at equal intervals and synchronously sliding radially along the right end face of the expansion head A (15), a tool holder plate (18) slidably rotated and sleeved on the top rod (14), several sliding tool holders (19) that can slide radially along the right end face of the tool holder plate (18), a machining head (110) fixedly mounted on the sliding tool holder (19) with the cutting head facing outward, a two-way interlocking assembly, a variable inner diameter expansion hole adjustment assembly, a cutting head rotation power assembly, an expansion hole synchronous drive mechanism, and a heat dissipation assembly; The bidirectional interlocking assembly is installed between the top head (13) and the expanding head A (15) for bidirectional locking of the distance between the top head (13) and the expanding head (14) when the top rod (14) rotates in the forward and reverse directions; the variable inner diameter expanding hole adjustment assembly is sleeved on the top rod (14) for synchronously adjusting the radial distance between the expanding head B (16) and the sliding tool holder (19) relative to the top rod (14) to adapt to different inner diameter requirements of seamless steel pipes; the cutting head rotation power assembly is installed on the base plate (11) for driving the processing cutting head (110) to rotate at high speed and then perform rounding processing on the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe; the expanding hole synchronous drive mechanism is installed between the base plate (11) and the variable inner diameter expanding hole adjustment assembly for driving the variable inner diameter expanding hole adjustment assembly to work; the heat dissipation assembly is installed on the top head (13) for dissipating heat from the top head (13) during operation.

2. The piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional interlocking assembly includes: a plurality of stop rods (22) and an interlocking cylinder (21) sleeved on the top rod (14); the right end of the top head (13) is screwed to the left end of the top rod (14) by a forward thread (23), and is screwed to the left end of the interlocking cylinder (21) by a reverse thread (24); the right end of the stop rod (22) is screwed to the expansion head A (15), and its left end passes through the locking hole (210) opened on the interlocking cylinder (21), and the middle shoulder of the stop rod (22) abuts against the right side surface of the interlocking cylinder (21).

3. The piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable inner diameter expansion adjustment assembly includes: a bushing A (31) that slides without rotating on the top rod (14); an expansion push plate (32) fixedly mounted on the bushing A (31); several expansion push rods (33) with their ends hinged to the expansion head B (16) and the expansion push plate (32) respectively; a bushing B (34) that rotates without sliding on the bushing A (31); a bushing C (35) that slides without rotating on the bushing B (34); and a cutter head push rod (36) with its ends hinged to the sliding tool holder (19) and the bushing C (35) respectively; the expansion push rod (33) and the cutter head push rod (36) are parallel to each other and have the same length.

4. The piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cutting head rotation power assembly includes: a sub-support (44) fixedly mounted on the base plate (11), a power shaft (43) rotatably mounted on the sub-support (44) at one end, a drive wheel (42) fixedly sleeved on the power shaft (43), a driven wheel (41) fixedly mounted on the bushing B (34) and meshing with the drive wheel (42), and a power source B (45) mounted on the sub-support (44) for driving the power shaft (43) to rotate.

5. A piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hole-expanding synchronous drive mechanism includes: a transition plate B (57) that is rotatably and non-sliply sleeved on the outside of the bushing A (31); a transition plate A (51) that is rotatably and non-sliply sleeved on the outside of the bushing C (35); a connecting frame A (52) fixedly connected to the transition plate A (51); a movable rack (53) fixedly mounted on the connecting frame A (52) and parallel to the axis of the push rod (14); and a rack frame (56) fixedly mounted on the main support (12). A stationary rack (55) mounted on the rack frame (56) and parallel to the movable rack (53), a movable gear (54) meshing with the stationary rack (55) and the movable rack (53), a translational frame (58) sliding horizontally through the main support (12) and fixedly connected to the transition plate B (57), and a power source C (59) driving the translational frame (58) to translate; the movable gear (54) is rotatably mounted on the translational frame (58).

6. A piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the stationary rack (55), the movable rack (53), and the movable gear (54) are all two, and they are matched one by one; the two movable gears (54) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the push rod (14).

7. A piercing and reaming device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The left end of the expanding head A (15) is provided with a receiving cavity (150), and the right end of the interlocking cylinder (21) is located in the receiving cavity (150); the right end face of the expanding head A (15) is provided with a plurality of radially symmetrically distributed grooves A (151), and a slider (152) is slidably installed inside the radial grooves A (151), and the slider (152) is fixedly connected to the expanding head B (16).

8. A piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right end face of the tool holder plate (18) is provided with a radial groove B (180), and the sliding tool holder (19) is slidably connected to the radial groove B (180).

9. A piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation assembly includes: a mounting groove on the outer wall of the top head (13), in which a graphite ring (131) is detachably installed, the outer surface of the graphite ring (131) being flush with the outer surface of the top head (13); multiple air guide grooves (71) on the surface of the top head (13) near the top rod, the multiple air guide grooves (71) being arranged in a ring array, each air guide groove (71) having an air inlet (72); multiple heat dissipation ports (73) in the graphite ring (131), the multiple heat dissipation ports (73) being arranged in a ring array, and each heat dissipation port (73) being located between two adjacent air guide grooves (71); and multiple heat dissipation channels (74) inside the top head (13), one end of the heat dissipation channel (74) being connected to the air inlet (72) inside the air guide groove (71), and the other end being connected to the corresponding heat dissipation port (73) in the graphite ring (131).

10. A piercing and expanding device for seamless steel pipe production according to claim 9, characterized in that, A piezoelectric ceramic device (81) is installed at the center of the top head (13). An alternating current is passed through the piezoelectric ceramic device (81) to make it vibrate.

Images