Chamfering tool and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a chamfering tool and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of machining, and the chamfering tool comprises a tool handle and a tool body. Wherein the cutter body is coaxially installed on the cutter handle, a chip groove is formed in the peripheral side of the cutter body, a plurality of blades are arranged at the joint of the chip groove and the peripheral side of the cutter body, the blades are arranged at intervals in the peripheral direction of the cutter body, a first included angle is formed between the end, away from the cutter handle, of each blade and the axis of the cutter body, and the blades are used for chamfering a part to be machined. The chamfering method adopts the chamfering tool. And the chip groove is formed in the peripheral side of the cutter body, and the blades are arranged at the joint of the chip groove and the cutter body, so that the chamfering efficiency is improved. The mode that the blades are arranged at intervals is adopted, so that the impact of the blades on the edge of the composite material chamfer is reduced during machining, and the relatively fragile tip of the composite material stringer chamfer is protected. According to the overall scheme, the tool has the characteristics of high stability and low damage, and the chamfering machining efficiency and quality of the composite stringer are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a chamfering tool and a using method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern aircraft manufacturing, composite stringer components are a large number of machined parts, which have the characteristics of large length-diameter ratio, various types, and high consistency requirements of machining quality. Especially for some models of "T" shaped stringers, the web is not perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the bottom surface is non-planar as a whole. In the process route of dry stringer and wet skin, the stringer needs to be glued with the skin subsequently, but the edge of the stringer is prone to form a stress concentration area, so a large number of stringers need to be chamfered.

[0003] However, the chamfering of the composite stringer faces many difficulties. First, the overall structure is flexible and slender, which is prone to deformation during machining, and chamfering is a precise operation that is very sensitive to machining deformation. Second, the current composite stringer components are mostly prepared by hot pressing, and during the curing and forming process, factors such as thermal stress can easily cause the components to have manufacturing errors. Third, in the chamfering of the stringer, due to the difficulty in completely matching the shape of the bottom edge of a large number of stringers during clamping, the position of the chamfering edge is affected by the clamping fit during machining, and the complex cutting force and vibration machining environment make it difficult to ensure the machining quality and dimensional accuracy during the manufacturing process.

[0004] In conventional machining techniques, the chamfering of the composite stringer is usually performed by reciprocating milling with a ball nose cutter, or by ordinary profile grinding. Such methods have low processing efficiency and are difficult to ensure the processing size requirements.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the prior art has been improved, but there are still many problems. The hook-shaped slot chamfering blade milling cutter for machining CFRP proposed in patent CN116551046A mainly includes a handle part, a peripheral edge part, an end edge part, and a chamfering edge part. Although it can realize CFRP hole machining combined with ultrasonic, its structure is not suitable for composite material chamfering, and the coated blade is not as stable and cost-effective as the insert type of the present application. The diamond-coated tool for efficiently machining composite materials proposed in patent CN113664269B includes a cutting edge part and a handle part, which can process the edge of the composite material, but cannot quickly realize chamfering, and the blade form is not conducive to the quality of the chamfering of the composite material edge. The chamfering tool for differential gear housings and the using method thereof designed in patent CN112719460B use an integrated tool to realize the chamfering of the housing, but this method is not suitable for composite material chamfering. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a chamfering tool and a method thereof to solve the technical problem that the chamfering tool and method in the prior art are not suitable for the chamfering process of a composite stringer.

[0007] As conceived above, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0008] In one aspect, the present application provides a chamfering tool, comprising:

[0009] a tool handle;

[0010] a tool body coaxially installed on the tool handle, a chip removal groove being formed on the circumferential side of the tool body, and a blade being arranged at the connection between the chip removal groove and the circumferential side of the tool body, a plurality of the blades being arranged along the circumference of the tool body, and the end of the blade away from the tool handle being arranged at a first included angle with the axis of the tool body, the blade being used for chamfering a workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the tool body comprises a main body portion and a tapered portion, the tool handle is connected with the main body portion, the tapered portion is connected with the main body portion, and the blade is arranged on the tapered portion and close to the tip end of the tapered portion.

[0012] Preferably, the diameter of the tapered portion is less than or equal to 30 mm, and the diameter of the main body portion is greater than or equal to one third of the diameter of the tapered portion.

[0013] Preferably, the blade is provided with three blades, the included angle between two adjacent blades is 120 degrees, and the end portions of the three blades converge at the tip end of the tapered portion.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the tip end of the tapered portion is less than 3 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the first included angle satisfies a preset relationship, and the preset relationship is:

[0016]

[0017] wherein R represents the first included angle, and a represents the chamfering angle.

[0018] Preferably, the first included angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.

[0019] Preferably, the rake angle of the blade is greater than or equal to 3 degrees and less than or equal to 5 degrees, the first relief angle of the blade is 8 degrees, and the second relief angle of the blade is 14 degrees.

[0020] Preferably, the blade is made of PCD material.

[0021] In another aspect, the present application further provides a chamfering method, characterized in that the above chamfering tool is used, comprising:

[0022] connecting the shank with the machining equipment and suspending one fifth of the blade outside the part to be machined;

[0023] starting the machining equipment, adjusting parameters of the machining equipment, and chamfering the part to be machined at a preset rotating speed and feeding speed.

[0024] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The chamfering tool provided by the present application, in use, first connects the shank with the machining equipment and suspends one fifth of the blade outside the part to be machined; then starts the machining equipment, adjusts parameters of the machining equipment, and chamfers the part to be machined at a preset rotating speed and feeding speed. The chip removal groove formed on the side of the tool body and the plurality of blades arranged at the connecting position improve the chamfering efficiency. The blades are arranged at intervals, which reduces the impact of the blades on the composite material chamfered edge during machining, and protects the relatively fragile composite material stringer chamfered tip. The chip removal groove can timely and effectively remove the chips generated during chamfering, which helps to avoid the accumulation of chips in the machining area, thereby reducing the interference of the chips on the cutting process of the tool, ensuring the continuity and stability of cutting, and improving the machining efficiency. The unique design that the end of the blade away from the shank forms a first included angle with the tool body axis can accurately adapt to the chamfering requirements of the composite material stringer. The chamfering tool provided by the present application has high stability and low damage, which is beneficial to improve the chamfering efficiency and quality of the composite material stringer and has high economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the chamfering tool provided by the first embodiment of the present application.

[0027] In the drawings:

[0028] 100, part to be machined;

[0029] 1, shank; 2, tool body; 201, main body; 202, tapered portion; 21, chip removal groove; 22, blade; R, first included angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0033] The technical scheme of the present application will be further illustrated by specific embodiments in combination with the drawings.

[0034] Embodiment one

[0035] Reference Figure 1 The chamfering tool provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a handle 1 and a tool body 2. The tool body 2 is coaxially installed on the handle 1, a chip removal groove 21 is formed on the circumferential side of the tool body 2, and a blade 22 is arranged at the connection between the chip removal groove 21 and the circumferential side of the tool body 2. The blade 22 is provided in plurality, the plurality of blades 22 are arranged in interval along the circumference of the tool body 2, the end of the blade 22 away from the handle 1 is arranged at a first included angle with the axis of the tool body 2, and the blade 22 is used for chamfering the part 100 to be machined.

[0036] The chamfering tool provided by the application, in use, first connects the shank 1 with the machining equipment, and makes one fifth of the blade 22 overhanging to the outside of the part 100 to be machined; then, starts the machining equipment, adjusts the parameters of the machining equipment, and makes the blade 22 chamfer the part 100 to be machined at a preset rotating speed and feeding speed. The chip removal groove 21 opened on the peripheral side of the tool body 2 and the plurality of blades 22 arranged at the connecting position improve the chamfering efficiency. The blades 22 arranged at intervals reduce the impact of the blades 22 on the composite chamfer edge during machining, and protect the relatively fragile composite stringer chamfer tip. The chip removal groove 21 can timely and effectively discharge the chips generated during chamfering, and help to avoid the accumulation of chips in the machining area, thereby reducing the interference of the chips on the cutting process of the tool, ensuring the continuity and stability of cutting, and improving the machining efficiency. The unique design that the end of the blade 22 away from the shank 1 forms a first included angle with the axis of the tool body 2 can accurately adapt to the chamfering requirements of the composite stringer. The chamfering tool provided by the application has the characteristics of high stability and low damage, is beneficial to improving the chamfering efficiency and quality of the composite stringer, and has high economic benefits.

[0037] The specific structure of the chamfering tool will be described below.

[0038] The tool body 2 includes a main body part 201 and a tapered part 202, the shank 1 is connected with the main body part 201, the tapered part 202 is connected with the main body part 201, and the blade 22 is arranged at the tapered part 202 and close to the tip end of the tapered part 202. The main body part 201 provides a stable connection basis for the shank 1, ensures that the tool can withstand large cutting force and torque during machining, and guarantees the stability and reliability of machining. The design of the tapered part 202 makes the blade 22 arranged close to the tip end, so that the blade 22 close to the tip end can be fully utilized during machining. Not only the blade 22 material is saved, the manufacturing cost of the tool is reduced, but also the machining parameters can be reasonably selected according to the specific machining requirements.

[0039] Specifically, the diameter of the tapered part 202 is less than or equal to 30 mm, so that the tool can be flexibly operated during chamfering, especially in narrow space or parts with high dimensional accuracy requirements, and the machining accuracy is not affected due to the large size of the tool. The diameter of the main body part 201 is greater than or equal to one third of the diameter of the tapered part 202. The stability of the connection between the main body part 201 and the shank 1 is guaranteed, and the cutting force and torque during machining can be effectively transmitted. At the same time, the length of the blade 22 meets the machining requirements, and the diameter of the tool body 2 is not too large to better control the dynamic balance of the tool.

[0040] Specifically, three blades 22 are arranged, and the included angle between two adjacent blades 22 is 120 degrees. The end portions of the three blades 22 converge at the tip of the tapered portion 202. The uniform distribution of the three blades 22 enables the cutting force to be more evenly distributed on the part 100 to be machined during chamfering, thereby reducing the concentration of the cutting force on the part 100 to be machined.

[0041] In other embodiments, four blades 22 can also be arranged, and the included angle between two adjacent blades 22 is 90 degrees. The number and arrangement of the blades 22 are not limited herein.

[0042] More specifically, the diameter of the tip of the tapered portion 202 is less than 3 mm. The smaller tip diameter enables the tool to more accurately enter narrow and complex chamfering regions, and is suitable for chamfering with very high precision requirements, thereby improving the tool's ability to machine fine parts. In addition, the smaller tip diameter can reduce the amount of material removed, thereby reducing material waste and improving the economy of the machining process.

[0043] The end of the blade 22 away from the shank 1 is arranged at a first included angle with the axis of the tool body 2. Specifically, the first included angle satisfies a predetermined relationship, and the predetermined relationship is:

[0044]

[0045] wherein R represents the first included angle, and a represents the chamfer angle.

[0046] Specifically, the first included angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees. When the first included angle is within this range, the distribution of the cutting force on the blade 22 during cutting can be more reasonable while ensuring the chamfering effect. Smaller cutting force helps to reduce tool wear and deformation, prolonging the service life of the tool. At the same time, it can ensure the stability of the cutting process, reduce cutting vibration and deviation, thereby improving the precision and surface quality of the chamfering process, making the chamfer more regular and smooth.

[0047] It can be understood that the specific value of the first angle needs to be adaptively selected according to different composite material chamfering requirements, and is not limited herein.

[0048] More specifically, the rake angle of the blade 22 is greater than or equal to 3 degrees and less than or equal to 5 degrees, the first relief angle of the blade 22 is 8 degrees, and the second relief angle of the blade 22 is 14 degrees. The design of the positive rake angle and the increased relief angle of the blade 22 improves the sharpness of the blade 22, which can effectively reduce the cutting force when cutting the composite material chamfer, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving machining efficiency.

[0049] Wherein, the rake angle represents the included angle between the rake face of the blade 22 and the base surface. The first relief angle represents the included angle between the main relief surface of the blade 22 and the cutting plane; and the second relief angle represents the included angle between the minor relief surface of the blade 22 and the minor cutting plane.

[0050] In addition, the chip flute 21 is designed with a width of 8mm and a depth of 5mm, without affecting the strength of the tool body 2. The chip flute 21 is arc-shaped, which can guide the chips to be discharged more smoothly. When the chamfering tool is used to chamfer the composite material stringer component, it can not only efficiently discharge the chips to ensure the continuity and stability of the machining, but also ensure that the tool has sufficient strength and durability, so as to realize high-quality and high-efficiency chamfering.

[0051] In the embodiment, the blade 22 is made of PCD material. The PCD material has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, and can maintain a sharp cutting edge for a long time when chamfering the composite material stringer component. Moreover, the PCD material has excellent thermal stability, and the heat generated during high-speed cutting has little effect on its performance, so as to ensure the dimensional accuracy and stability of the tool during long-time machining. In addition, the friction coefficient between the PCD material and the composite material is small, which can effectively reduce the friction force in the cutting process, reduce the generation of cutting heat, and reduce the wear of the tool.

[0052] In other embodiments, the blade 22 can also be made of cemented carbide, ceramic or high-speed steel, etc., which is not limited here.

[0053] Embodiment two

[0054] The embodiment of the application also provides a chamfering method using the chamfering tool in embodiment one. The same or corresponding parts as in embodiment one are marked with corresponding reference numerals in embodiment one, and the specific steps include:

[0055] The tool shank 1 is connected with the machining equipment, and one fifth of the blade 22 is suspended to the outside of the part to be machined 100;

[0056] The machining equipment is started, and the parameters of the machining equipment are adjusted, so that the blade 22 chamfers the part to be machined 100 at a preset speed and feed rate.

[0057] Specifically, the machining equipment is started, and a processing path of continuous milling is adopted. During the machining process, the parameters of the machining equipment are reasonably adjusted according to the material properties, size requirements and other factors of the part to be machined 100. The rotational speed of the blade 22 is set to 800 revolutions per minute, and the feed rate is set to 150mm per minute.

[0058] In addition, when the chamfer of the composite material is processed, the form following processing mode is adopted, and the compensation processing methods such as adaptive processing are combined. For example, the tool position and cutting force in the processing process are monitored in real time, the feed amount and cutting depth of the tool are dynamically adjusted according to the feedback data, and it is ensured that the chamfer is not overcut during the processing, so as to ensure the size accuracy and surface quality of the chamfer.

[0059] The above embodiments only illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application, and these changes and modifications all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A chamfering tool, characterized in that: include: Handle (1); A tool body (2) is coaxially mounted on the tool handle (1), a chip groove (21) is provided on the peripheral side of the tool body (2), a blade (22) is provided at the connection between the chip groove (21) and the peripheral side of the tool body (2), a plurality of blades (22) are provided, and the plurality of blades (22) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tool body (2), an end of the blade (22) away from the tool handle (1) is arranged at a first angle to the axis of the tool body (2), and the blade (22) is used to chamfer a part (100) to be processed.

2. The chamfering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The knife body (2) comprises a main body (201) and a tapered portion (202); the knife handle (1) is connected to the main body (201); the tapered portion (202) is connected to the main body (201); and the blade (22) is arranged on the tapered portion (202) and close to the tip of the tapered portion (202).

3. The chamfering tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the tapered portion (202) is less than or equal to 30 mm, and the diameter of the main body (201) is greater than or equal to one third of the diameter of the tapered portion (202).

4. The chamfering tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three blades (22) are provided, and the angle between two adjacent blades (22) is 120 degrees. The ends of the three blades (22) converge at the tip of the tapered portion (202).

5. The chamfering tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the tip of the tapered portion (202) is less than 3 mm.

6. The chamfering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The first angle satisfies a preset relationship, which is: Wherein, R represents the first included angle, and α represents the chamfer angle.

7. The chamfering tool according to claim 6, characterized in that The first angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.

8. The chamfering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The front angle of the blade (22) is greater than or equal to 3 degrees and less than or equal to 5 degrees, the first back angle of the blade (22) is 8 degrees, and the second back angle of the blade (22) is 14 degrees.

9. The chamfering tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The blade (22) is made of PCD material.

10. A chamfering method, characterized in that: The chamfering tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Connecting the tool handle (1) to a processing device, and allowing one-fifth of the blade (22) to overhang outside the part (100) to be processed; The processing equipment is started, and parameters of the processing equipment are adjusted so that the blade (22) performs chamfering processing on the part (100) to be processed at a preset rotation speed and feed speed.

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