Stretch forming method of metal plate and skin
By milling a groove matching the jaws on the clamping end and embedding the jaws, the contact area is increased, the problem of slippage between the jaws and the metal sheet is solved, and stable stretch forming is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510955735.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
AI Technical Summary
During the metal stretch forming process, the insufficient clamping force of the machine tool jaws causes slippage between the jaws and the material, preventing smooth forming. Existing solutions are either costly or require high quality.
By milling a groove on the clamping end that matches the jaws of the clamping device and partially embedding the jaws in the groove, the contact area is increased to increase friction and avoid slipping.
Without increasing the cost, the firmness of the clamping is improved, the slippage between the jaws and the metal sheet is avoided, and the smooth progress of the stretch forming is ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN120791340A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal stretch forming, in particular to a stretch forming method of a metal plate and a skin. BACKGROUND
[0002] The processing and manufacturing of large parts such as skins generally adopts the method of material stretch forming. In the process of material stretch forming, the clamping force of the machine tool jaw is not enough to press the teeth of the jaw into the surface of the hard material, resulting in slippage between the jaw and the material during stretching, which cannot make the material form smoothly.
[0003] There are two solutions in the related art: one is to use the method of hot forming, which temporarily reduces the strength of the material and improves the plasticity of the material, so that the difficult-to-form material becomes easy to form. However, hot forming requires special equipment and the heating cost is high. The other is to bond an aluminum plate on both sides of the clamping end, so that the teeth of the machine tool jaw are pressed into the surface of the aluminum alloy, and the material to be formed is pulled by the bonding force between the aluminum plate and the metal material. This method has high requirements for the quality of the bonding agent and requires high temperature and pressure curing, which is costly. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a stretch forming method of a metal plate and a skin, which is low in cost and can avoid the phenomenon of slippage between the jaw and the metal plate during stretching.
[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] On the one hand, a stretch forming method of a metal plate is provided, the metal plate to be stretched includes a body and two clamping ends, the two clamping ends are used to be detachably connected with the jaws of two clamping devices one by one, and the stretch forming method of the metal plate includes the following steps:
[0007] S1, milling: a milling device is used to mill a groove matching the shape of the jaw of the clamping device on each of the two clamping ends;
[0008] S2, clamping: the two clamping devices clamp the two clamping ends respectively, and at least a part of the two jaws is arranged in the groove of the two clamping ends one by one;
[0009] S3, feeding: the clamping device is driven to place the metal plate to be stretched on the mold, and the body is attached to the mold;
[0010] S4, stretching: the clamping device is driven to move away from the mold, so that the metal plate to be stretched is stretched and formed.
[0011] As a preferred, before S1, the stretch forming method of the metal plate further includes:
[0012] The metal plate to be stretched is cut by the milling device to form the body and the two clamping ends, the body is connected between the two clamping ends, and the clamping ends are used to cooperate with the jaws of the clamping device.
[0013] As preferred, the stretching forming method of the metal plate cuts the metal plate to be stretched by the milling device.
[0014] As preferred, the milling device is a numerical control milling machine.
[0015] As preferred, in the direction perpendicular to the length of the body, the size of the clamping end is greater than the size of the body.
[0016] As preferred, in the direction perpendicular to the length of the body, the cross-sectional area of the groove bottom wall is A, and the cross-sectional area of the body is B, A is greater than B.
[0017] As preferred, the jaws of the clamping device are provided with clamping blocks, the clamping blocks are located in the grooves, the clamping blocks include vertically connected clamping surfaces and stretching surfaces, the clamping surfaces are in contact with the bottom walls of the grooves, and the stretching surfaces are in abutment with the side walls of the side of the grooves away from the mold.
[0018] As preferred, the mold includes a fixedly connected base and a forming block, and the body of the metal plate can be in contact with the forming block.
[0019] As preferred, the metal plate is a titanium alloy plate.
[0020] In another aspect, a skin is provided, which is manufactured by the stretching forming method of the metal plate according to any one of the above technical solutions.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are that the milling device mills grooves matching the shape of the jaws of the clamping device on the two clamping ends respectively; and the two clamping devices clamp the two clamping ends respectively, and at least a part of the two jaws is arranged in the groove of the two clamping ends one by one, the jaw part is embedded in the groove, compared with the traditional simple plane clamping, the contact area is increased, so that the friction is increased under the same pressure, and the clamping is more firm, and slipping between the jaws and the metal plate during stretching is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the cooperation between the metal plate to be stretched and the mold in the stretching forming method of the metal plate provided by the present application;
[0023] Figure 2 is a partial schematic view of the clamping end of the metal plate to be stretched;
[0024] Figure 3Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a metal sheet to be stretched and a jaw in a method for stretch forming a metal sheet according to the present application.
[0025] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a metal sheet to be stretched and a jaw in a method for stretch forming a metal sheet according to the present application.
[0026] 1 metal sheet to be stretched; 11 clamping end; 111 groove; 12 body
[0027] 2 jaw; 21 clamping block; 211 clamping surface; 212 stretching surface
[0028] 3 die; 31 base; 32 forming block DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are intended to be illustrative only and are not in any way limiting of the present application. In addition, it should be noted that only those portions of the drawings that are pertinent to the present application have been included herein for ease of understanding.
[0030] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0031] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.
[0032] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "right", and other orientation or position relationships are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.
[0033] The processing and manufacturing of large parts of skin type generally adopts the method of material stretching forming. In the process of material stretching forming, the clamping force of the machine tool jaw is not enough to press the teeth of the jaw into the surface of the hard material, resulting in slipping between the jaw and the material during stretching, which cannot make the material form smoothly.
[0034] There are two solutions in the related art: one is to use hot forming method, which temporarily reduces the strength of the material and improves the plasticity of the material, so that the difficult-to-form material becomes easy to form. However, hot forming requires special equipment and the heating cost is high. The other is to bond an aluminum plate on both sides of the clamping end 11, so that the teeth of the machine tool jaw are pressed into the surface of the aluminum alloy, and the material to be formed is pulled by the bonding force between the aluminum plate and the metal material. This method has high requirements for the quality of the bonding agent and requires high temperature and pressure curing, which is costly.
[0035] Especially for the stretching forming of titanium alloy material, due to the characteristics of high hardness and high strength of titanium alloy material, the clamping force of the machine tool jaw is not enough to press the teeth of the jaw into the surface of the hard material, resulting in slipping between the jaw and the titanium alloy plate during stretching, and the conventional skin stretching method cannot be used for stretching forming. Therefore, the embodiment provides a stretching forming method of metal plate and a skin to solve the above problems, as follows:
[0036] On the one hand, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment provides a stretching forming method of metal plate. The metal plate to be stretched 1 includes a body 12 and two clamping ends 11. The two clamping ends 11 are used to be detachably connected with the jaws 2 of the two clamping devices one by one. The stretching forming method of the metal plate includes the following steps:
[0037] S1, milling: a milling device is used to mill a groove 111 matching the shape of the jaw 2 of the clamping device on each of the two clamping ends 11;
[0038] S2, clamping: the two clamping devices clamp the two clamping ends 11 respectively, and at least a part of the two jaws 2 is arranged in the groove 111 of the two clamping ends 11 one by one;
[0039] S3, feeding: the clamping device is driven to place the metal plate to be stretched 1 on the mold 3, and the body 12 is attached to the mold 3;
[0040] S4, stretching: the clamping device is driven to move away from the mold 3, so that the metal plate to be stretched 1 is stretched and formed.
[0041] Thus, by the milling device, recesses 111 matching the shape of the jaws 2 of the clamping device are milled on the two clamping ends 11 respectively; and the two clamping devices clamp the two clamping ends 11 respectively, and at least part of the two jaws 2 are arranged in the recesses 111 of the two clamping ends 11 one by one, the jaws 2 are partially embedded in the recesses 111, compared with the traditional simple planar clamping, the contact area is increased, so that the friction is increased under the same pressure, and the clamping is more firm, and slipping between the jaws 2 and the metal plate during stretching is avoided.
[0042] Specifically, in the embodiment, the metal plate is a titanium alloy plate. In other embodiments, the metal plate stretching forming method can also be used for stretching forming of high-carbon steel, chromium-nickel-iron alloy and other materials.
[0043] Optionally, before S1, the metal plate stretching forming method further includes: cutting the metal plate to be stretched 1 to form a body 12 and two clamping ends 11, the body 12 is connected between the two clamping ends 11, and the clamping end 11 is used to cooperate with the jaw 2 of the clamping device. By cutting the metal plate to be stretched 1, the size of the clamping end 11 is matched with the jaw 2, so that the clamping end 11 can be well matched with the clamping device, and in actual operation, the clamping device can quickly and accurately clamp the clamping end 11 without the need for additional time to adjust the clamping position or deal with the irregular edges of the plate, thereby shortening the clamping and positioning time and improving the production efficiency.
[0044] Preferably, the metal plate stretching forming method cuts the metal plate to be stretched 1 by a milling device. Thus, the machining of the clamping end 11 and the machining of the recess 111 are both completed by the milling device, without the need to transfer the metal plate to be stretched between different equipment, greatly reducing the equipment switching and clamping time, realizing continuous machining and improving the production efficiency.
[0045] Specifically, the milling device is a numerical control milling machine. The motion trajectory of the tool can be controlled by the numerical control system to accurately machine the shape and size of the clamping end 11 and the position, depth and width of the recess 111, providing reliable accuracy guarantee for subsequent stretching forming; at the same time, the numerical control milling machine can automatically change tools and tools, ensuring the accuracy of the tool cutting position. For example, different tools may be needed when machining the clamping end 11 and the recess 111, and the numerical control milling machine can quickly switch tools and continue machining, reducing the time wasted by tool changing and tool setting. In other embodiments, a general milling machine can also be used to mill the clamping end 11 and the recess 111, such as a horizontal milling machine and a vertical milling machine.
[0046] Optionally, please refer to Figure 1, the size of the clamping end 11 is greater than the size of the body 12 in the direction perpendicular to the length of the body 12. In this way, the clamping end 11 can provide a larger clamping area, thereby facilitating the clamping device to clamp the metal plate more firmly. During the processing such as stretch forming, the plate will be subjected to a larger external force. The larger clamping end 11 can effectively prevent the plate from slipping or deforming at the clamping position, thereby improving the stability of the processing; at the same time, the larger clamping end 11 can disperse the clamping force to a wider area, avoiding the deformation or damage of the plate due to excessive local clamping force, thereby affecting the stretch forming of the metal plate.
[0047] Further, referring to Figure 2 , the cross-sectional area of the bottom wall of the groove 111 is A, and the cross-sectional area of the body 12 is B in the direction perpendicular to the length of the body 12. A is greater than B. Because the cross-sectional area A of the bottom wall of the groove 111 is greater than the cross-sectional area B of the body 12, the bottom wall of the groove 111 can provide a larger support area, making the clamping end 11 more stable during clamping. It can be understood that when the force is constant, the force area is inversely proportional to the pressure, that is, the larger the cross-sectional area of the bottom wall of the groove 111, the more the clamping force can be dispersed to a wider area, ensuring that the tensile stress of the body 12 part is greater than the tensile stress of the groove 111, so that the metal plate to be stretched is more easily stretched and deformed; at the same time, the stress dispersion at the groove 111 can avoid the damage of the clamping end 11 due to the stress between the clamping device and the groove wall during the stretching process, ensuring the smooth stretch forming of the titanium alloy plate.
[0048] Further, referring to Figure 2 , the jaw 2 of the clamping device is provided with a clamping block 21, the clamping block 21 is located in the groove 111, and the clamping block 21 includes a clamping surface 211 and a stretching surface 212 connected vertically, the clamping surface 211 is in close contact with the bottom wall of the groove 111, and the stretching surface 212 is in abutment with the side wall of the side of the groove 111 away from the die 3. In this way, by closely contacting the clamping surface 211 with the bottom wall of the groove 111 and abutting the stretching surface 212 with the side wall, the friction between the clamping end 11 and the clamping block 21 is increased, thereby effectively preventing the clamping end 11 of the metal plate from slipping off the jaw 2 of the clamping device during the stretch forming process.
[0049] Optionally, referring to Figure 3 , the die 3 includes a fixedly connected base 31 and a forming block 32, and the body 12 of the metal plate can be in close contact with the forming block 32. Specifically, the forming block 32 is a protruding structure. In the present embodiment, the forming block 32 is in the shape of an inverted U. In other embodiments, the forming block 32 can also be in the shape of an inverted V. The specific shape of the forming block 32 can be adjusted adaptively according to the shape of the required part, and the present embodiment is not limited in this regard.
[0050] The metal plate to be stretched is moved to the die 3 by the clamping device, so that at least a part of the body 12 of the metal plate is in contact with the forming block 32 of the die 3, and the two clamping devices are driven to move away from the die 3. Under the action of the pulling force of the clamping device and the supporting force of the forming block 32, the body 12 of the metal plate is stretched and gradually deformed towards the forming block 32 until the metal plate is tightly attached to the forming block 32. At the same time, the metal plate and the jaw 2 are prevented from slipping during the stretching process, and there is no need to heat or stick the aluminum plate, thereby reducing the processing cost.
[0051] Specifically, the die 3 further comprises a connecting portion for connecting with hoisting equipment to facilitate transportation of the die 3. The connecting portion can be a connecting block, a lasso formed by a hoisting rope is sleeved on the connecting block, and the transportation of the die 3 can be completed by driving the hoisting rope to move; or the connecting portion can be a connecting ring, a hoisting hook is matched with the connecting ring, and the transportation of the die 3 can be completed by driving the hoisting hook to move.
[0052] On the other hand, a skin is provided, which is manufactured by the stretching forming method of the metal plate described above.
[0053] Specifically, the stretching forming method of the skin provided by the embodiment is as follows:
[0054] Firstly, the titanium alloy plate to be stretched is cut by a numerical control milling machine to form the body 12 and two clamping portions, and a skin rough material is obtained; then, grooves 111 matching the shape of the jaws 2 of the clamping device are milled on the two clamping ends 11 of the skin rough material by the numerical control milling machine; then, the operator drives the two clamping devices to clamp the two clamping ends 11 respectively, and at least a part of the two jaws 2 is arranged in the groove 111 of the two clamping ends 11 one by one to ensure stable connection of the jaws 2 and the clamping ends 11 of the skin rough material during stretching; after the clamping device completes clamping, the operator drives the clamping device to move the skin rough material, places the skin rough material on the die 3, and makes at least a part of the body 12 of the skin rough material adhere to the die 3; finally, the clamping device is driven to move away from the die 3, so that the metal plate to be stretched is stretched and formed, the body 12 of the metal plate is stretched and gradually deformed towards the forming block 32 until the titanium alloy plate is tightly attached to the forming block 32 of the die 3, so that the titanium alloy plate is stretched and formed at room temperature, and the skin is processed and manufactured after shaping and other treatments.
[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present application are merely exemplary but not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. It is not necessary or possible to enumerate all the embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for stretching a metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet to be stretched (1) comprises a body (12) and two clamping ends (11), wherein the two clamping ends (11) are used to be detachably connected to the jaws (2) of two clamping devices in a one-to-one correspondence, and wherein: The stretch forming method of the metal sheet comprises the following steps: S1, milling: using a milling device, respectively milling grooves (111) on the two clamping ends (11) to match the shape of the jaws (2) of the clamping device; S2. Clamping: the two clamping devices respectively clamp the two clamping ends (11), and at least a portion of the two jaws (2) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in the grooves (111) of the two clamping ends (11); S3, loading: driving the clamping device to place the metal plate (1) to be stretched on the mold (3), with at least a portion of the body (12) being in contact with the mold (3); S4. Stretching: driving the clamping device to move in a direction away from the mold (3) so as to stretch the metal sheet (1) to be stretched.
2. The stretch forming method of a metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein: Before S1, the stretch forming method of the metal sheet further includes: The metal sheet (1) to be stretched is cut to form the main body (12) and the two clamping ends (11), the main body (12) is connected between the two clamping ends (11), and the clamping ends (11) are used to cooperate with the jaws (2) of the clamping device.
3. The stretch forming method of the metal sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal sheet stretching forming method cuts the metal sheet (1) to be stretched by the milling device.
4. The stretch forming method of the metal sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The milling device is a CNC milling machine.
5. The stretch forming method of a metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein: Along a direction perpendicular to the length of the body (12), the size of the clamping end (11) is larger than the size of the body (12).
6. The stretch forming method of a metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein: Along a length direction perpendicular to the body (12), the cross-sectional area of the bottom wall of the groove (111) is A, the cross-sectional area of the body (12) is B, and A is greater than B.
7. The stretch forming method of a metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein: The jaws (2) of the clamping device are provided with a clamping block (21), the clamping block (21) is located in the groove (111), the clamping block (21) comprises a clamping surface (211) and a stretching surface (212) connected vertically, the clamping surface (211) is in contact with the bottom wall of the groove (111), and the stretching surface (212) is in contact with the side wall of the groove (111) away from the mold (3).
8. The stretch forming method of a metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein: The mold (3) comprises a fixedly connected base (31) and a forming block (32), and the body (12) of the metal plate can be fitted with the forming block (32).
9. The stretch forming method of a metal sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The metal plate is a titanium alloy plate.
10. A skin, characterized in that: The skin is manufactured by the stretching forming method of the metal sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.