Automatic forming equipment and method for refractory brick production

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of brick forming, and particularly discloses an automatic forming equipment and method for refractory brick production, which comprises a rack, a top blank unit, a mold frame unit, a pressing unit and a material distribution unit. Periodic micro-lifting of a pressing punch is generated by an impulse pressing piece in the pressing unit, vibration pressing is carried out on the blank in a mold cavity, blank particles are caused to recombine and rearrange, and thus a channel beneficial to gas discharge is formed in the blank; a negative pressure exhaust top blank piece in the top blank unit continuously performs vacuum pumping on the blank during the pressing process; the vibration pressing and the negative pressure pumping jointly force the air between the blank particles to be directionally discharged through the formed exhaust channel, effectively reduce the air holes and defects in the brick blank, and thus the brick blank layer cracking problem in the pressing forming process is avoided, and the compactness and overall quality of the refractory brick are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of green brick forming, and more particularly to an automatic forming device and method for refractory brick production. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the pressing forming process of refractory bricks, the existing forming device adopts a one-way static pressing method. Due to the lack of dynamic exhaust means, the gas between the green particles is difficult to completely migrate, and the air inside the green is retained in the green after being sharply compressed, which is easy to form pores, interlayers and layer cracks. At the same time, the one-way static pressure cannot promote the rearrangement of the particles, resulting in uneven density and strength dispersion, thereby affecting the density, mechanical strength and service life of the product. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present application provides an automatic forming device and method for refractory brick production.

[0004] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] An automatic forming device for refractory brick production, comprising:

[0006] a rack;

[0007] a top blank unit comprising a fixed table fixed to the rack and a plurality of negative pressure exhaust top blank pieces arranged on the fixed table;

[0008] a mold frame unit comprising a mold frame arranged vertically above the fixed table, a plurality of mold cavities corresponding to the negative pressure exhaust top blank pieces are arranged in the mold frame;

[0009] a pressing unit comprising an installation plate arranged vertically above the mold frame, a plurality of pressing punches corresponding to the mold cavities are arranged on the lower end surface of the installation plate, and a pulsating pressing piece is arranged on the installation plate;

[0010] a distribution unit arranged on one side of the mold frame unit, comprising a horizontally movable distribution chute and a hopper arranged above the distribution chute.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application: the mold frame unit further comprises guide columns fixed vertically on both sides of the rack, a lower sliding table is slidably arranged on the guide columns, the mold frame is fixed on the lower sliding table, a first driving cylinder is installed on the top of the rack, and the output end of the first driving cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower sliding table through a connecting frame;

[0012] The pressing unit further comprises an upper sliding table slidably arranged on the guide column, the installation plate is fixed on the upper sliding table, and a second driving cylinder for driving the upper sliding table is installed on the top of the rack.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application: the pulsating pressing piece comprises a rotating shaft rotatably installed in the mounting plate, a plurality of eccentric wheels are distributed on the rotating shaft in the axial direction, and a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft is installed at one end of the mounting plate.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application: the pressing punch comprises a pressing plate, the upper end of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the mounting plate through a connecting column, an air cavity is formed in the pressing plate, a plurality of conical suction holes are equidistantly formed in the bottom of the air cavity, a one-way valve plate is embedded in the conical suction hole, an exhaust groove is formed in the connecting column and communicated with the air cavity, and a notch is formed in one side of the exhaust groove.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application: the negative pressure exhaust top blank is provided with a cavity, a lifting plate is slidably embedded in the cavity, a plurality of air suction needles are equidistantly arranged on the upper end surface of the lifting plate, the air suction needles are movably penetrated through the negative pressure exhaust top blank and extended into the mold cavity, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the air suction needles.

[0016] A gas channel communicated with the plurality of air suction needles is formed in the lifting plate, a negative pressure chamber is formed in one side of the top of the negative pressure exhaust top blank, a communication port communicated with the negative pressure chamber is formed in one side of the gas channel, and a flexible elastic bag plate connected with the negative pressure chamber is arranged in the communication port.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present application: the cavity is vertically fixed with a slide rod symmetrically on both sides, the lifting plate is slidably sleeved on the corresponding slide rod at both ends, and a spring abutting against the lifting plate is sleeved on the slide rod; the lifting plate is symmetrically provided with a push rod at both ends, the mold frame is provided with a through hole accommodating the corresponding push rod, and the pressing punch is provided with a jack rod corresponding to the push rod.

[0018] As a further scheme of the present application: the cloth unit further comprises a bottom plate fixed to the rack, the cloth groove is slidably arranged on the bottom plate, guide frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom plate, and rollers adapted to the guide frames are rotatably installed on the cloth groove.

[0019] A swing rod is rotatably installed on one side of the rack, a connecting rod is rotatably installed on the side of the cloth groove away from the mold frame unit, the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the swing rod, and a cloth cylinder is hinged between the middle of the swing rod and the rack.

[0020] As a further scheme of the present application: a group of driving rollers and two groups of driven rollers are rotatably installed in the cloth groove respectively, the driving rollers are coaxially fixedly connected with the rollers, the two groups of driven rollers are horizontally distributed at the bottom of the cloth groove, a transmission belt is sleeved on the driving rollers and the driven rollers, a plurality of material pushing pieces are equidistantly arranged on the transmission belt, and through grooves are formed on the transmission belt and staggered with the material pushing pieces.

[0021] As a further scheme of the present application, the hopper is provided with a turnover frame rotating thereon, and a shutter matched with the bottom opening of the hopper is installed on the turnover frame, and an elastic pulling belt is connected between the shutter and the sidewall of the distributing groove.

[0022] The application further discloses a method for producing refractory bricks by using the automatic forming equipment.

[0023] Step one, feeding the blank into the distributing groove through the hopper;

[0024] Step two, moving the distributing groove horizontally to the mold frame and sealingly abutting against the upper end face of the mold frame, and the blank falls into each mold cavity;

[0025] Step three, lowering the mounting plate, inserting each pressing punch into the corresponding mold cavity, and driving each group of pressing punches to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion by the pulsating pressing piece, so as to periodically vibrate and press the blank in the mold cavity by periodically lifting the pressing punch;

[0026] Step four, continuously performing negative pressure exhaust on the internal gap of the blank by the negative pressure exhaust blank-ejecting piece, so as to promote the air in the blank to be exhausted and directionally migrated to the vacuum area;

[0027] Step five, lowering the mounting plate to reset, lowering the mold frame, and ejecting the blank from the mold cavity by the negative pressure exhaust blank-ejecting piece.

[0028] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The pulsating pressing piece makes the pressing punch periodically lift to vibrate and press the blank in the mold cavity, and the dynamic pressing effectively promotes the recombination and rearrangement of the blank particles, so as to actively form a channel beneficial to air exhaust in the blank, and create conditions for negative pressure exhaust; the negative pressure exhaust blank-ejecting piece continuously performs vacuum exhaust on the blank during the pressing process, and the vibration pressing generated by the high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion of the pressing punch driven by the pulsating pressing piece; the vibration pressing and the negative pressure exhaust jointly force the air between the blank particles to be directionally exhausted through the formed exhaust channel, effectively reduce the air holes and defects in the blank, so as to avoid the problem of layer cracking of the blank during the pressing and forming process, and improve the compactness and overall quality of the refractory brick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is another perspective view of the automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application;

[0033] Figure 3A sectional view of an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a mold frame unit and a pressing unit in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a pressing unit in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a mold frame unit in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 A Figure 7 enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram of a negative pressure exhaust top blank and a mold frame in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0040] Figure 10 A Figure 9 enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 A structural schematic diagram of a material distribution unit in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0042] Figure 12 A structural schematic diagram of a material distribution unit in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application;

[0043] Figure 13 A sectional view of a material distribution groove and a hopper in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production according to the present application.

[0044] In the figure:

[0045] 100, a rack;

[0046] 200, a top blank unit; 210, a fixed table; 220, a negative pressure exhaust top blank; 221, a cavity; 222, a lifting plate; 2221, an air passage; 2222, a communication port; 223, an air extraction needle; 224, an air hole; 225, a sliding rod; 226, a spring; 227, a push rod; 228, a negative pressure bin; 229, a flexible elastic capsule;

[0047] 300, mold frame unit; 310, guide column; 320, lower sliding table; 330, mold frame; 331, through hole; 340, mold cavity; 350, connecting frame; 360, first driving cylinder;

[0048] 400, pressing unit; 410, upper sliding table; 420, mounting plate; 430, pulsating pressing member; 431, rotating shaft; 432, eccentric wheel; 433, driving motor; 440, second driving cylinder; 450, pressing punch; 451, pressing plate; 452, connecting column; 453, air cavity; 454, conical suction hole; 455, one-way valve piece; 456, exhaust groove; 457, notch; 458, ejector rod;

[0049] 500, material distribution unit; 510, material distribution groove; 511, roller; 512, guide frame; 513, driving roller; 514, driven roller; 515, transmission belt; 516, material pushing piece; 517, through groove; 518, elastic pull belt; 520, hopper; 521, turnover frame; 522, gate; 530, bottom plate; 540, swing rod; 550, connecting rod; 560, material distribution cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that discussions of these implementations are merely provided to give a more thorough description of the subject matter as claimed. Modifications can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of the content of this specification. Various examples can omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. Also, features described with respect to some examples can be combined in other examples.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the present disclosure discloses an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production, comprising a rack 100, a top blank unit 200, a mold frame unit 300, a pressing unit 400 and a material distribution unit 500;

[0052] Referring to Figure 4 , the top blank unit 200 comprises a fixed table 210 fixed on the rack 100 and a plurality of negative pressure exhaust top blank members 220 arranged on the fixed table 210; the mold frame unit 300 comprises a mold frame 330 arranged vertically above the fixed table 210, a plurality of mold cavities 340 corresponding to the negative pressure exhaust top blank members 220 are arranged in the mold frame 330; the pressing unit 400 comprises a mounting plate 420 arranged vertically above the mold frame 330, a plurality of pressing punches 450 corresponding to the mold cavities 340 are arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting plate 420, and a pulsating pressing member 430 is mounted on the mounting plate 420;

[0053] The material distribution unit 500 is arranged on one side of the mold frame unit 300, and includes a horizontally movable material distribution groove 510 and a hopper 520 arranged above the material distribution groove 510;

[0054] Specifically, in the initial state, the material distribution groove 510 is located directly below the hopper 520, the mounting plate 420 is raised to the topmost position, the upper end surface of the mold frame 330 is at the same height as the bottom of the material distribution groove 510, and the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220 is located at the bottommost part of the corresponding mold cavity 340;

[0055] The required blank of the refractory brick is put into the hopper 520, a certain amount of blank is put into the material distribution groove 510 through the hopper 520, and then the material distribution groove 510 is horizontally moved to the mold frame 330 and is tightly attached to the upper end surface of the mold frame 330, so that the blank in the material distribution groove 510 falls into each mold cavity 340; the mounting plate 420 is driven to move downward, so that each pressing punch 450 is inserted into the corresponding mold cavity 340; while the blank in the mold cavity 340 is extruded by the pressing punch 450, the pulsating pressing member 430 makes each group of pressing punches 450 produce high-frequency and small-amplitude reciprocating motion, so that the pressing punch 450 is periodically lifted slightly to periodically vibrate and press the blank in the mold cavity 340, so that the blank particles are reorganized to form an exhaust passage; at the same time, the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220 continuously performs negative pressure exhaust on the internal gap of the blank, so that the air in the blank is exhausted and migrates to the vacuum area in a directional manner, the compactness of the blank is improved, and the layer cracking of the pressed and formed blank is avoided.

[0056] It should be noted that the periodic slight lifting of the pressing punch 450 by the pulsating pressing member 430 vibrates and presses the blank in the mold cavity 340, effectively promotes the reorganization and rearrangement of the blank particles, and thus actively forms a passage in the blank for the exhaust of gas, thereby creating conditions for negative pressure exhaust; the continuous vacuumization of the blank inside during the pressing process by the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220, in combination with the vibration pressing generated by the high-frequency and small-amplitude reciprocating motion of the pressing punch 450 driven by the pulsating pressing member 430; the vibration pressing and negative pressure suction jointly force the air between the blank particles to be exhausted in a directional manner through the formed exhaust passage, effectively reducing the air holes and defects in the blank, thereby avoiding the layer cracking of the blank during the pressing and forming process, and improving the compactness and overall quality of the refractory brick.

[0057] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the mold frame unit 300 further includes guide columns 310 vertically fixed on both sides of the rack 100, a lower sliding table 320 is slidably sleeved on the guide columns 310, the mold frame 330 is fixed on the lower sliding table 320, a first driving cylinder 360 is installed on the top of the rack 100, and the output end of the first driving cylinder 360 is fixedly connected with the lower sliding table 320 through a connecting frame 350;

[0058] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the pressing unit 400 further comprises an upper sliding table 410 slidingly sleeved on the guide column 310, the mounting plate 420 is fixed on the upper sliding table 410, and a second driving cylinder 440 for driving the upper sliding table 410 is installed on the top of the rack 100;

[0059] Specifically, in the initial state, the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to slide up along the guide column 310 to the position, at this time, the pressing punch 450 hovers directly above the mold cavity 340, so as to facilitate the horizontal movement of the material slot 510 to one side of the mold frame 330; similarly, the first driving cylinder 360 drives the lower sliding table 320 to slide up along the guide column 310, so that the upper end surface of the mold frame 330 is just flush with the lower end surface of the material slot 510, facilitating the material slot 510 to transfer the blank to the mold cavity 340 of the mold frame 330;

[0060] When the material is completed, the material slot 510 is horizontally returned to the initial position, the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to move downward, and drives the pressing punch 450 to press the blank in the mold cavity 340; after the pressing is completed, the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to slide up to reset, and the first driving cylinder 360 drives the lower sliding table 320 to move downward, so that the blank is ejected from the corresponding mold cavity 340 by the negative pressure exhaust ejection device 220.

[0061] It should be noted that the guide column 310 vertically fixed on both sides of the rack 100 provides accurate guidance and support for the lifting movement of the lower sliding table 320 and the upper sliding table 410, ensures the strict vertical linear movement of the mold frame 330 and the pressing punch 450, effectively prevents the inclination during the pressing and ejection processes, and guarantees the accurate alignment of the mold cavity 340, the pressing punch 450 and the negative pressure exhaust ejection device 220, thereby ensuring the forming quality and size consistency of the blank;

[0062] The first driving cylinder 360 controls the lifting of the mold frame 330, and the second driving cylinder 440 controls the lifting of the pressing punch 450, so that the material preparation of the mold frame 330, the downward pressing of the pressing punch 450, and the downward ejection of the mold frame 330 after the pressing is completed can be independently and accurately controlled, realizing the full-automatic circulation from material preparation, pressing to ejection.

[0063] Further, please refer to Figure 5 , the pulsating pressing device 430 comprises a rotating shaft 431 rotatably installed in the mounting plate 420, a plurality of eccentric wheels 432 are distributed on the rotating shaft 431 in the axial direction, and a driving motor 433 for driving the rotating shaft 431 is installed at one end of the mounting plate 420;

[0064] Specifically, when the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to move downward to drive the pressing punch 450 to press the blank in the mold cavity 340, the rotating shaft 431 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 433, thereby driving the eccentric wheel 432 to rotate circumferentially. During the rotation of the eccentric wheel 432, the upper sliding table 410 is vertically limited by the guide column 310, so that the entire mounting plate 420 can be driven to move in the vertical direction with high frequency and small displacement, thereby driving the pressing punch 450 to generate a periodic pulse pressing effect on the blank.

[0065] It should be noted that the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft 431 and the eccentric wheel 432 thereon driven by the driving motor 433 converts the rotary motion into high-frequency small-amplitude reciprocating motion of the mounting plate 420 in the vertical direction, so that the pressing punch 450 generates a periodic pulse pressing on the blank instead of static constant pressure, which can more effectively promote the recombination and arrangement of blank particles and significantly improve the exhaust and densification effect.

[0066] A single driving motor 433 and a rotating shaft 431 can drive multiple eccentric wheels 432 distributed along the axial direction, thereby simultaneously providing vibration force to all pressing punches 450. Since the upper sliding table 410 is limited to vertical sliding by the guide column 310, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric wheel 432 is effectively constrained and converted into directional vertical vibration, which is directly transmitted to the mounting plate 420 and the pressing punch 450, ensuring that the vibration energy is fully used for effective pressing and improving energy utilization and pressing effect.

[0067] Further, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The pressing punch 450 includes a pressing plate 451, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 420 through a connecting column 452. A gas cavity 453 is formed in the pressing plate 451, a plurality of tapered suction holes 454 are equidistantly formed in the bottom of the gas cavity 453, a one-way valve plate 455 is embedded in the tapered suction hole 454, a gas exhaust groove 456 is formed in the connecting column 452 and communicates with the gas cavity 453, and a slot 457 is formed on one side of the gas exhaust groove 456.

[0068] Specifically, when the pulsating pressing member 430 drives the pressing plate 451 to move slightly downward, it not only can press the blank, but also can make the air in the blank enter the pressing plate 451 through the tapered suction hole 454. At this time, the one-way valve plate 455 is unidirectionally conducted, and then the air is discharged through the gas exhaust groove 456 and the slot 457. Subsequently, the pulsating pressing member 430 drives the pressing plate 451 to move slightly upward and reset. At this time, the one-way valve plate 455 is reversely cut off to avoid backflow of the discharged air to the blank. The high-frequency reciprocating vibration of the pressing plate 451 driven by the pulsating pressing member 430 realizes the periodic pressing and exhaust of the blank.

[0069] It should be noted that through the arrangement of the air cavity 453, the conical suction hole 454, the one-way valve sheet 455, the exhaust groove 456 and the notch 457, it can not only press the blank from above under the driving of the pulsating pressing piece 430, but also actively suck the gas at the top of the blank, cooperate with the suction effect of the negative pressure exhaust top blank piece 220, form a bidirectional exhaust channel through the upper and lower layers of the blank, and improve the exhaust efficiency and thoroughness.

[0070] The opening and closing action of the one-way valve sheet 455 is synchronized with the slight up-and-down movement of the pressing plate 451. When pressed down, the internal gas pressure of the blank increases, the gas rushes through the one-way valve sheet 455 into the air cavity 453 and is discharged through the exhaust groove 456. When slightly lifted, the one-way valve sheet 455 quickly closes, effectively preventing the discharged gas from seeping back into the blank due to negative pressure. The design of the conical suction hole 454 and the rapid opening and closing action of the one-way valve sheet 455 under high-pressure gas flow can effectively prevent extremely fine blank particles from adhering or blocking the exhaust channel, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the exhaust system.

[0071] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the negative pressure exhaust top blank piece 220 is provided with a cavity 221, the lifting plate 222 is slidably embedded in the cavity 221, a plurality of air suction needles 223 are equidistantly arranged on the upper end surface of the lifting plate 222, the air suction needles 223 are movably penetrated through the negative pressure exhaust top blank piece 220 and extend into the mold cavity 340, a plurality of air holes 224 are arranged on the air suction needles 223, a gas channel 2221 is arranged in the lifting plate 222 and communicates with the air suction needles 223, a negative pressure chamber 228 is arranged on one side of the top of the negative pressure exhaust top blank piece 220, a communication port 2222 is arranged on one side of the gas channel 2221 and communicates with the negative pressure chamber 228, and a flexible elastic bag piece 229 is arranged in the communication port 2222 and connected with the negative pressure chamber 228.

[0072] Specifically, in the initial state, the lifting plate 222 is at the top of the cavity 221, at this time each suction needle 223 extends into the mold cavity 340, after the material in each mold cavity 340 is distributed through the distribution groove 510, the suction needle 223 is embedded in the blank to form an exhaust passage, when the pressing punch 450 presses the blank, the lifting plate 222 descends synchronously, and at the same time the negative pressure chamber 228 generates negative pressure suction, so that the air in the blank is sucked into the suction needle 223 through the air hole 224, and then the air enters the negative pressure chamber 228 through the air duct 2221 and the communication port 2222, during the descending process of the lifting plate 222, the elastic flexible bladder 229 can be elastically stretched and deformed to adaptively, so as to always keep the communication between the negative pressure chamber 228 and the air duct 2221; until the blank is pressed into a brick by the pressing punch 450, at this time the pressing punch 450 cannot continue to descend, the lifting plate 222 is in place, and each suction needle 223 is just withdrawn from the mold cavity 340, so as to ensure the compactness of the brick.

[0073] It should be noted that by embedding the suction needle 223 with the air hole 224 in the blank in advance, the exhaust starting point is directly formed in the blank; during the pressing process, the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure chamber 228 directly acts on the deep part of the blank through the air duct 2221 and the suction needle 223, which can more effectively exhaust the air in the gap between the particles, avoiding the problem of air stagnation in the middle layer in the traditional exhaust from the bottom or top, and the exhaust path is shorter and more thorough.

[0074] The lifting plate 222 drives all the suction needles 223 to descend synchronously during the pressing process, so that the suction point can always follow the movement of the blank compression interface, continuously sucking the blank area being compressed, ensuring that the exhaust effect is kept in the best state during the entire pressing stroke, and realizing dynamic exhaust without dead angle.

[0075] At the end of the pressing stroke, the suction needle 223 is just completely withdrawn from the mold cavity 340, so that the bottom of the finally formed brick blank has no hole left by the suction needle 223, ensuring the integrity and flatness of the bottom surface of the brick blank, without subsequent repair, directly improving the appearance quality and yield of the product;

[0076] The elastic flexible bladder 229 can be made of soft materials such as silica gel, which can be elastically stretched and deformed to adaptively during the descending process of the lifting plate 222, always maintaining the communication and sealing between the air duct 2221 and the negative pressure chamber 228, effectively solving the dynamic sealing problem between the lifting plate 222 and the negative pressure chamber 228, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the negative pressure during the entire exhaust process, and preventing air leakage failure due to position change.

[0077] Further, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The cavity 221 is symmetrically fixed with a slide rod 225 vertically on both sides, the slide plate 222 is slidably sleeved on the corresponding slide rod 225 at both ends, and the slide rod 225 is sleeved with a spring 226 abutting against the slide plate 222; the slide plate 222 is symmetrically provided with a push rod 227 at both ends, the mold frame 330 is provided with a through hole 331 accommodating the corresponding push rod 227, and the pressing punch 450 is provided with a jacking rod 458 corresponding to the push rod 227;

[0078] Specifically, when the pressing punch 450 descends, the jacking rod 458 is just inserted into the corresponding through hole 331, and as the pressing punch 450 continuously descends, the jacking rod 458 can push the push rod 227 to synchronously descend, so that the air extraction needle 223 on the slide plate 222 is gradually extracted from the bottom of the mold cavity 340, to realize the layer-by-layer air extraction on the blank; when the pressing punch 450 completely compacts the blank, each air extraction needle 223 is just withdrawn from the mold cavity 340.

[0079] It should be noted that, through the cooperation of the jacking rod 458, the push rod 227 and the through hole 331, the downward movement of the pressing punch 450 is directly converted into the downward movement of the slide plate 222, so that the withdrawal of the air extraction needle 223 is kept synchronous with the compaction of the blank;

[0080] The symmetrically arranged slide rods 225 provide vertical guidance for the lifting movement of the slide plate 222, prevent it from being deflected, and ensure the smooth and synchronous movement of all air extraction needles 223; the spring 226 provides a restoring force for the slide plate 222, so that it can be automatically reset;

[0081] The air extraction needle 223 is just completely withdrawn from the mold cavity 340 at the end of the pressing stroke, so that the bottom of the finally formed blank has no hole left by the air extraction needle 223, ensuring the complete structure and flat bottom surface of the blank, without subsequent repair, directly improving the yield and quality of the product.

[0082] In further embodiments, please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The material distributing unit 500 further comprises a bottom plate 530 fixed to the rack 100, the distributing groove 510 is slidably arranged on the bottom plate 530, the bottom plate 530 is symmetrically provided with a guide frame 512 on both sides, and the distributing groove 510 is rotatably installed with a roller 511 matched with the guide frame 512; one side of the rack 100 is rotatably installed with a swing rod 540, and the side of the distributing groove 510 away from the mold frame unit 300 is rotatably installed with a connecting rod 550, the connecting rod 550 is rotatably connected with the swing rod 540, and the swing rod 540 is hingedly connected with the rack 100 through a distributing air cylinder 560;

[0083] Specifically, when the hopper 520 puts the blank into the distribution groove 510, the distribution cylinder 560 extends the rod to retract, drives the swing lever 540 to overturn downward, and pushes the distribution groove 510 through the connecting rod 550, under the horizontal guiding action of the guide frame 512 on the roller 511, so that the distribution groove 510 slides horizontally to the side of the mold frame unit 300, that is, the distribution is realized.

[0084] After the distribution is completed, the distribution cylinder 560 extends the rod to extend again, drives the swing lever 540 to overturn upward, and can pull the distribution groove 510 back to the initial position horizontally through the connecting rod 550.

[0085] It should be noted that the cooperation of the guide frame 512 and the roller 511 provides accurate guidance and support for the horizontal movement of the distribution groove 510, ensures that the distribution groove 510 always maintains stable and straight running during reciprocating motion, and does not occur jam or deviation, so as to ensure that the blank can be accurately and uniformly fed into each mold cavity 340 of the mold frame 330, and improve the precision and consistency of the distribution;

[0086] The crank slider mechanism composed of the swing lever 540 and the connecting rod 550 converts the linear extension and retraction motion of the distribution cylinder 560 into the horizontal linear motion required by the distribution groove 510, can realize the required function in limited installation space, and avoids the installation and layout difficulties that may be caused by directly connecting the cylinder with the distribution groove 510.

[0087] Further, please refer to Figure 13 , a group of driving rollers 513 and two groups of driven rollers 514 are respectively rotatably installed in the distribution groove 510, the driving roller 513 is coaxially fixedly connected with the roller 511, and the two groups of driven rollers 514 are horizontally distributed at the bottom of the distribution groove 510, the driving roller 513 and the driven roller 514 are sleeved with a transmission belt 515, a plurality of material pushing pieces 516 are equidistantly arranged on the transmission belt 515, and a plurality of through grooves 517 are arranged on the transmission belt 515 and staggered with the material pushing pieces 516;

[0088] Specifically, when the hopper 520 puts the blank into the distribution groove 510, the distribution cylinder 560 drives the distribution groove 510 to move horizontally, the roller 511 rolls along the guide frame 512 to adaptively rotate, synchronously drives the driving roller 513 to rotate, drives the transmission belt 515 to move, and uses the material pushing piece 516 on the transmission belt 515 to push, disperse and spread the blank in the distribution groove 510, avoids local accumulation of the blank, and the through groove 517 on the transmission belt 515 can make the blank pass through, so as to facilitate the blank to uniformly cover the bottom of the distribution groove 510, so that the blank can smoothly fall into each mold cavity 340 to complete uniform distribution.

[0089] It should be noted that through the internal transmission system composed of the driving roller 513, the driven roller 514, the transmission belt 515 and the poking piece 516, the blank inside the cloth tank 510 is continuously turned over and scattered by the poking piece 516 while the cloth tank 510 moves, effectively breaking the accumulation and agglomeration of the blank, so that it is more evenly distributed in the tank, facilitating subsequent uniform filling into the mold cavity 340;

[0090] The power source of the above-mentioned material uniformizing mechanism comes from the rolling of the roller 511 when the cloth tank 510 moves. By coaxially fixing the driving roller 513 with the roller 511, the horizontal movement kinetic energy of the tank body is directly converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the transmission belt 515, realizing material uniformizing while moving, without the need to separately set a driving device for material uniformizing function; the through slot 517 opened on the transmission belt 515 allows part of the blank to pass through, combined with the poking action of the poking piece 516, to jointly promote the blank to evenly cover the bottom of the cloth tank 510, forming a uniform material layer, avoiding the problem of insufficient filling or hollowing of some mold cavities 340 due to blank aerial distribution or uneven distribution, and ensuring that each mold cavity 340 can obtain blank with consistent weight and density.

[0091] Further, please refer to Figure 13 , the hopper 520 is rotatably provided with a turnover frame 521, the turnover frame 521 is installed with a shutter 522 matched with the bottom opening of the hopper 520, and the shutter 522 is connected with the sidewall of the cloth tank 510 through a elastic pull belt 518;

[0092] Specifically, in the initial state, the turnover frame 521 is in a vertical and drooping posture due to gravity, at this time the shutter 522 and the lower end opening of the hopper 520 are staggered with each other, the hopper 520 is opened to realize the feeding of the inside of the cloth tank 510; when the feeding is completed, the cloth cylinder 560 drives the cloth tank 510 to move horizontally towards the side of the mold frame unit 300, thereby pulling the elastic pull belt 518, pulling the shutter 522 through the elastic pull belt 518, and gradually rotating the turnover frame 521 towards the side of the mold frame unit 300, the shutter 522 gradually blocks the lower end opening of the hopper 520, in the process of horizontal movement of the cloth tank 510, the elastic pull belt 518 can be deformed adaptively until the cloth tank 510 is completely moved out from below the hopper 520, the shutter 522 also completely blocks the bottom opening of the hopper 520;

[0093] When the cloth tank 510 is slid back after feeding, the elastic pull belt 518 gradually contracts, and the shutter 522 also opens synchronously, thereby realizing the re-feeding of the cloth tank 510.

[0094] It needs to be explained that the horizontal movement of the cloth groove 510 is directly related to the opening and closing action of the shutter 522 through the elastic pull belt 518, when the cloth groove 510 moves to the mold frame unit 300 to cloth, the shutter 522 is automatically pulled to close the hopper 520; when the cloth groove 510 returns, the shutter 522 is automatically opened to feed, the whole process is synchronized with the cloth action;

[0095] The elastic pull belt 518 has a certain elasticity, which can be adaptively stretched and deformed during the pulling process, so that the closing process of the shutter 522 is gradual and progressive, avoiding the impact on the equipment caused by instantaneous rigid closing, and also ensuring that the shutter 522 can tightly block the bottom opening of the hopper 520 to prevent the leakage of the blank during the cloth process; The power required for opening and closing of the shutter 522 is completely taken from the kinetic energy of the movement of the cloth groove 510, which is provided by the cloth cylinder 560.

[0096] The application also provides a method for using an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks, comprising the following steps:

[0097] Step one, putting the blank into the cloth groove 510 through the hopper 520;

[0098] Step two, the cloth groove 510 moves horizontally to the mold frame 330 and seals and fits with the upper end face of the mold frame 330, and the blank falls into each mold cavity 340;

[0099] Step three, the installation plate 420 descends, each pressing punch 450 is inserted into the corresponding mold cavity 340, the pulsating pressing piece 430 drives each group of pressing punches 450 to produce high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion, forcing the pressing punch 450 to periodically lift the blank in the mold cavity 340 for periodic vibration pressing;

[0100] Step four, the negative pressure exhaust top blank piece 220 continuously performs negative pressure exhaust on the internal gap of the blank, promoting the internal air of the blank to be exhausted and directionally migrated to the vacuum area;

[0101] Step five, the installation plate 420 descends and resets, the mold frame 330 descends, and the blank in the mold cavity 340 is ejected by the negative pressure exhaust top blank piece 220.

[0102] The specific embodiments of the application are described above, but the application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, the above specific embodiments are only illustrative but not limiting, and those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the application, which all belong to the protection of the application.

Claims

1. An automatic molding equipment for refractory brick production, characterized in that, include: Rack (100); The billet unit (200) includes a fixed platform (210) fixed on the frame (100) and a plurality of negative pressure exhaust billet components (220) disposed on the fixed platform (210). The mold frame unit (300) includes a mold frame (330) that is vertically and vertically disposed directly above the fixed platform (210), and the mold frame (330) has a plurality of mold cavities (340) corresponding to each negative pressure exhaust top blank (220). The pressing unit (400) includes a mounting plate (420) that is vertically and flexibly disposed above the mold frame (330). The lower end face of the mounting plate (420) is provided with a plurality of pressing punches (450) corresponding to each mold cavity (340). A pulsating pressing component (430) is mounted on the mounting plate (420). The fabric unit (500) is located on one side of the mold frame unit (300) and includes a horizontally movable fabric trough (510) and a hopper (520) located above the fabric trough (510). The pulsating pressing component (430) includes a rotating shaft (431) rotatably mounted in the mounting plate (420), a plurality of eccentric wheels (432) are distributed along the axial direction on the rotating shaft (431), and a drive motor (433) for driving the rotating shaft (431) is mounted at one end of the mounting plate (420). The pressing punch (450) includes a pressing plate (451). The upper end of the pressing plate (451) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (420) through a connecting post (452). An air chamber (453) is provided in the pressing plate (451). Several conical suction holes (454) are provided at equal intervals at the bottom of the air chamber (453). A one-way valve plate (455) is embedded in the conical suction hole (454). An exhaust groove (456) communicating with the air chamber (453) is provided in the connecting post (452). A slot (457) is provided on one side of the exhaust groove (456). The negative pressure exhaust top blank (220) has a cavity (221) inside, and a lifting plate (222) is slidably embedded in the cavity (221). A plurality of suction needles (223) are equidistantly arranged on the upper end face of the lifting plate (222). The suction needles (223) move through the negative pressure exhaust top blank (220) and extend into the mold cavity (340). A plurality of air holes (224) are opened on the suction needles (223). The lifting plate (222) has an air passage (2221) that communicates with a plurality of suction needles (223). The negative pressure exhaust top blank (220) has a negative pressure chamber (228) on one side of its top. The air passage (2221) has a connecting port (2222) that communicates with the negative pressure chamber (228) on one side. The connecting port (2222) is provided with an elastic flexible bladder (229) that connects with the negative pressure chamber (228). The cavity (221) is vertically fixed with symmetrical sliding rods (225) on both sides. The lifting plate (222) is slidably sleeved on the corresponding sliding rods (225) at both ends. The sliding rods (225) are fitted with springs (226) that abut against the lifting plate (222). The lifting plate (222) is symmetrically provided with push rods (227) at both ends. The mold frame (330) is provided with through holes (331) to accommodate the corresponding push rods (227). The pressing punch (450) is provided with a top rod (458) corresponding to the push rods (227).

2. The automatic molding equipment for refractory brick production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold frame unit (300) also includes guide columns (310) vertically fixed on both sides of the frame (100), a lower slide (320) is slidably sleeved on the guide column (310), the mold frame (330) is fixed on the lower slide (320), a first drive cylinder (360) is installed on the top of the frame (100), and the output end of the first drive cylinder (360) is fixedly connected to the lower slide (320) through a connecting frame (350); The pressing unit (400) further includes an upper slide (410) slidably sleeved on the guide column (310), the mounting plate (420) is fixed on the upper slide (410), and a second drive cylinder (440) for driving the upper slide (410) is installed on the top of the frame (100).

3. The automatic molding equipment for refractory brick production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fabric unit (500) also includes a base plate (530) fixed on the frame (100), the fabric trough (510) is slidably disposed on the base plate (530), guide frames (512) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the base plate (530), and rollers (511) adapted to the guide frames (512) are rotatably mounted on the fabric trough (510). A swing arm (540) is rotatably mounted on one side of the frame (100), and a connecting rod (550) is rotatably mounted on the side of the material trough (510) away from the mold frame unit (300). The connecting rod (550) is rotatably connected to the swing arm (540), and a material cylinder (560) is hinged between the middle of the swing arm (540) and the frame (100).

4. The automatic molding equipment for refractory brick production according to claim 3, characterized in that, A set of drive rollers (513) and two sets of driven rollers (514) are rotatably installed in the fabric trough (510). The drive rollers (513) are coaxially fixedly connected to the rollers (511). The two sets of driven rollers (514) are horizontally distributed at the bottom of the fabric trough (510). A transmission belt (515) is sleeved on the drive rollers (513) and driven rollers (514). A number of material-pulling pieces (516) are equidistantly arranged on the transmission belt (515). Through grooves (517) are opened on the transmission belt (515) and are staggered with the material-pulling pieces (516).

5. The automatic molding equipment for refractory brick production according to claim 3, characterized in that, A tilting frame (521) is rotatably mounted on the hopper (520). A gate (522) adapted to the bottom opening of the hopper (520) is installed on the tilting frame (521). An elastic pull belt (518) is connected between the gate (522) and the side wall of the material trough (510).

6. A method for using the automatic molding equipment for producing refractory bricks according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Feed the billet into the feeding trough (510) through the hopper (520); Step 2: The material feeding groove (510) moves horizontally onto the mold frame (330) and seals against the upper surface of the mold frame (330), and the blank falls into each mold cavity (340); Step 3: The mounting plate (420) moves downward, and each pressing punch (450) is inserted into the corresponding mold cavity (340). The pulsating pressing component (430) drives each group of pressing punches (450) to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion, forcing the pressing punches (450) to periodically lift slightly to periodically vibrate and press the blank in the mold cavity (340). Step 4: Negative pressure exhaust top blank (220) continuously applies negative pressure to the gap inside the blank, causing the air inside the blank to be discharged and directionally migrated to the vacuum area; Step 5: The mounting plate (420) moves down to reset, the mold frame (330) moves down, and the brick blank in the mold cavity (340) is pushed out by the negative pressure exhaust billet piece (220).

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